Answer:
Genetic Mutation
Explanation:
Speciation can be driven by evolution, which is a process that results in the accumulation of many small genetic changes called mutations in a population over a long period of time.
There are a number of different mechanisms that may drive speciation.
Two of them to point out here.
1. natural selection
2. genetic drift
genetic drift describes random fluctuations in allele frequencies in populations, which can eventually cause a population of organisms to be genetically distinct from its original population and result in the formation of a new species.
The step which is necessary for speciation is, Reproductive isolation Therefore, the correct option is D.
What is speciation?Speciation is the process by which a single species splits into two or more distinct species. It occurs when populations of the same species become reproductively isolated from each other, meaning that they are no longer able to interbreed and produce viable offspring. This reproductive isolation can occur through various mechanisms, such as geographic isolation, behavioral isolation, or genetic incompatibility.
Differential success, environmental instability, and genetic mutation can all contribute to the process of speciation, but they are not necessary steps. Therefore, of the options provided, “Reproductive isolation” is the necessary step in the process of speciation. Hence, the correct option is D.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
Which of the following is a necessary step in the process of speciation?
A. Differential success
B. Environmental instability
C. Genetic mutation
D. Reproductive isolation
Tell if an elm tree would be vascular or non-vascular
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage. Earth has been shaped by actions that build up, or create, Earth’s surface. These are called _____ forces. Actions that wear down, or destroy, Earth’s surface are _____ forces.
Answer:
The first one is constructive and the second one is destructive.
Explanation:
Destructive Forces: processes that destroy
landforms.
– 2 types: Slow (weathering) and Fast (Erosion)
– Ex. landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes,
floods
Constructive forces: forces that build up an
existing landform or create a new one.
– Caused by: water, gravity, wind and glaciers.
– Ex: deposition, landslides, volcanic eruptions, floods
Earth has been shaped by actions that build up, or create, Earth’s surface. These are called Constructive forces. Actions that wear down, or destroy, Earth’s surface are Destructive forces.
Constructive forces:
The forces or events that create the earth surface. They caused by water, gravity, wind and glaciers.
For example- deposition, landslides, volcanic eruptions, floods.
Destructive forces:
The forces or processes that destroy the earth's surface are known as destructive forces. They are of 2 types
Slow (weathering)Fast (Erosion)Therefore, The Constructive forces create the earth, and destructive forces destroy the earth surface.
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An ecosystem is balanced when
a. energy does not enter or leave the ecosystem.
b. there are an equal number of plants and animals.
c. there is plenty of rain.
d. there are enough resources for every living thing.
Nitrogen is a very important element in biology. What are some of the reasons that organisms need nitrogen?
Organisms need nitrogen because it is a crucial part of amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), vital for various biological processes, and nucleic acids, essential for cell replication and protein synthesis. In plants, nitrogen is necessary for chlorophyll production, thus photosynthesis.
Explanation:Nitrogen is an essential element that organisms need for several reasons. Primarily, nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are necessary for almost all biological processes, including growth, immune response, and enzyme activities.
Besides, nitrogen is also a major part of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, which are vital for cell replication and protein synthesis. In plants, nitrogen is needed for chlorophyll production, which is crucial for photosynthesis. Without adequate nitrogen, organisms cannot grow and reproduce effectively.
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Explain how the carrying capacity of an ecosystem causes a population to decrease in size
Answer:
Explanation:
carrying capacity is how many of a certain organism an ecosystem can hold, limiting factors are things that can limit a population's growth. So for example say there's a forest and it has a low amount of food for deer. Food availability would be a limiting factor and it effects how many deer the forest can support.
The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is its maximum sustainable population size. When this limit is exceeded, resource competition can result in population decrease.
Explanation:The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that the environment can support indefinitely, given the available resources like food, water, and space. When the population exceeds the carrying capacity, resources become scarce leading to competition.
As a result, some individuals may fail to survive or reproduce, thus causing the population to decrease in size.
For example, consider a herd of deer in a forest. If food and water supply becomes limited due to their growing numbers and overconsumption, some deer might not get enough food and may consequently die of starvation, thus reducing the population number.
This phenomenon embodies the concept of population dynamics, a key aspect in studying ecosystems and biodiversity.
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F = freckles f= no freckles
3. A man who is heterozygous for freckles marries a woman who is also heterozygous for freckles.
a. What are the two genotypes? _________________
b. % of offspring that will be homozygous dominant ___________
c. % of offspring that will be heterozygous ___________
d. % of offspring that will be homozygous recessive ___________
e. % of offspring that will have freckles ___________
f. % of offspring that will not have freckles__________
A. Ff for both
B. 75%
C. 25%
D.0%
E.75%
F. 25%
Hope this helps you:)
Answer:
a. Ff for both
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 25%
e. 75%
f. 25%
since both are heterozygous, when you genetically cross them, the probability of getting homozygous dominant is 1/4(25%), heterozygous will be 50%, homozygous recessive is 25%, 75% will have freckles since F is the dominant for freckles. 25% will have no freckles.
When water percolates it passes through which area, first?
Answer through the soil
Explanation:
When water percolates, it first passes through the unsaturated zone.
Percolation is the process by which water moves downward through the soil and rocks, typically from the surface, eventually reaching the groundwater. The unsaturated zone, also known as the zone of aeration, is the area beneath the land surface where the pore spaces in the soil or rock contain both air and water. This zone lies above the water table, which is the boundary between the unsaturated and saturated zones.
When water initially infiltrates the soil from the surface, it enters the unsaturated zone. Here, it fills the pore spaces by displacing the air, and the water continues to move downward due to gravity. As it moves, it may be held by capillary forces, taken up by plant roots, or evaporate back into the atmosphere. Only when the water reaches the saturated zone, where all the pore spaces are filled with water, does it become part of the groundwater system.
The sequence of water movement during percolation is as follows:
1. Water falls onto the ground surface.
2. It infiltrates the soil through the process of infiltration.
3. Water enters the unsaturated zone, where it moves downward through the soil and rock pores that contain both air and water.
4. As water percolates deeper, it eventually reaches the saturated zone below the water table, where all the pore spaces are filled with water.
5. Once in the saturated zone, water becomes part of the groundwater and continues to move slowly through the aquifer, which can eventually flow into streams, lakes, or oceans.
Understanding this process is crucial for managing water resources, as well as for addressing issues such as soil moisture for agriculture, groundwater recharge, and the potential for pollutants to enter and move through the subsurface environment.
How would you judge the value of the relationship between humans and bacteria? (11 points)
Answer:
The human body is a complex ecosystem where microbes compete, ... Our methods generally determine these relationships in the human microbiome to ... values indicate that the microbial association network is structured to ...
Help me please!!!its difficult
Answer:
23 chromosomes
Explanation:
Butterflies don't have ~380 chromosomes, and they don't all have 20-40 chromosomes either! One thing you need to remember about counting chromosomes is that you can count them in 2 different ways to get 2 different numbers
Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.
write this down. This would help u understand
Several biology students are counting kernels in an ear of corn. They count a
total of 420 kernels: 242 purple wrinkled, 84 purple smooth, 70 yellow wrinkled, and 24 yellow smooth
What is the best ratio of kernel phenotype in this case?
3:2:2:1
8:4:2:1
9:3:31
24.8:7:2
Answer:
9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Explanation:
If you want to be sure test this ratio, if you multiply 84 by 3, it nearly give you 242. Why by 3 ? Simple, just because the multiple of 9 : 3 is 3.
Answer:
it is right.
Explanation:
Which of the following is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis?
a. oxygen
b. sound energy
c. light energy
d. glucose
The light energy should be converted into chemical energy at the time of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?Here the plants should be used the process which we known as photosynthesis to convert the light energy or solar energy into chemical energy. Here the plants should made their own food via carbon dioxide and the water should remain in exist in the sunlight and chlorophyll. here the oxygen should be released and the glucose should be generated.
Hence, the option c is correct.
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which of the following lists is a member of a food chain in order from bottom to top?
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The predator will always be on top unless something eats them, The bear eats salmon, the salmon eats the grasshopper and since grass does not eat anything excepting water it goes on the very bottom
Where do chemosyntheic bacteria get their energy
Answer:
They get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic molecules.
They don't do photosynthesis
Hope this helped
:)
What is the purpose of the Line of defense
Answer:
The three lines of defense model enhances the understanding of risk management and control by clarifying roles and duties. The model provides guidance for the implemented structure and the assigned roles and responsibilities of parties to increase the effective management of risk and control
Explanation:
the first line of defence – functions that own and manage risk. the second line of defence – functions that oversee or specialise in risk management, compliance. the third line of defence – functions that provide independent assurance, above all internal audit.
Answer:
las 3 lines of defense model shows the understanding of risk management and control by clarifying roles and duties. The model provides guidance for the implemented structure and the assigned roles and responsibilities of parties to increase the effective management of risk and control.
A scientist is studying the population of a particular species of beetle in an ecosystem. The beetles currently have an estimated population of 11,500 individuals on a wildlife preserve of 115 hectares. (One hectare is equal to 2.47 acres of land.) The scientist calculates the carrying capacity at 14,600 individuals.
These beetles have a uniform distribution. In year 1, how many beetles are there per hectare? How many beetles per hectare were there in the year the beetles reached carrying capacity? Round up or down to the nearest whole number, if necessary.
Answer: In year 1, the population was 11,500 spread over 115 hectares.
The number of beetles per hectare is beetles.
By year 6, when the beetles reached the carrying capacity, the number of beetles per hectare is beetles.
Explanation:
What effects did the introduction of the nutria have on ecosystems throughout the U. 5.?
Answer:
Ecological Role: In their native habitat of South American marshes and coastal lakes, nutria are well adapted to regular periods of drought and flood. Their ability to breed quickly allows their populations to stabilize well after frequent crashes caused by the drought-flood cycles.
Explanation:
Answer: Ecological Role: In their native habitat of South American marshes and coastal lakes, nutria are well adapted to regular periods of drought and flood. Their ability to breed quickly allows their populations to stabilize well after frequent crashes caused by the drought-flood cycles.
What is most likely the cause of the differences in the birds in the picture?
interbreeding
change in diet
mutations in DNA
mutagens in the environment
Answer:
Mutations in DNA
Explanation:
Protozoans (animal-like) because they can gather food and ____
Answer:
Are able to move independently or partake in locomotion.
Explanation:
Paramecia are heterotrophs. Explain this statement.
Answer:
Paramecium are heterotrophs, meaning they must consume food for their energy. Food enters the paramecium through the mouth pore (color orange) and goes to the gullet (color dark blue).
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A plant is grown in a pot, and is placed next to a window. Sunlight
comes in through the window every day. After a week, which way will
the plant be growing?
Answer:it will grow to the left
Explanation:the way the sunlight is hitting your plant your root will directly flow to the left
Write a paragraph explaining how the atoms in sugar molecules can be used to form amino acids and other large carbon-based molecules.
Answer:
Sugar molecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen: Their hydrocarbon backbones are used to make amino acids and other carbon-based molecules that can be assembled into larger molecules (such as proteins or DNA), used for example to form new :
Answer:
the one above is correct but plagerized
Explanation:
A collection of gas, dust and stars
galaxy
dark nebula
planetary nebula
emission nebula
Answer:
We sometimes use the word "nebula" to refer to galaxies, various types of star clusters and various kinds of interstellar dust/gas clouds. ... Dark nebulae are also often seen in conjunction with reflection and emission nebulae. A typical ... Planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives.
Explanation:
In space, a collection of gas, dust, and stars can be part of a galaxy or form different types of nebulae, including dark nebulae, planetary nebulae, emission nebulae, and reflection nebulae. The type and visibility of the nebula depend on the interaction with light and the temperature and radiation of nearby stars.
A collection of gas, dust, and stars can be classified as various types of interstellar matter, such as galaxies, dark nebulae, planetary nebulae, and emission nebulae. However, the term nebula is specifically used today to refer to clouds of gas and dust in space. There are several types of nebulae:
Galaxy: A massive system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity.
Dark Nebula: A dense cloud of gas and dust that blocks the light from stars behind it, making it appear dark.
Planetary Nebula: A shell of gas ejected and expanding away from a dying low-mass star, with its glow often caused by ultraviolet energy from the central star.
Emission Nebula: A cloud of ionized gas emitting light of various colors, often illuminated by the ultraviolet light from nearby stars, typically hotter and more massive stars, causing the gas to glow brightly.
Reflection Nebula: A cloud of dust that reflects the light of nearby stars, often appearing blue because the dust scatters blue light more efficiently than red light.
The types of nebulae are characterized by their interaction with light and the types of stars they surround. Stars cooler than about 25,000 K do not emit sufficient ultraviolet radiation to ionize hydrogen, leading to the reflection nebulae around them appearing brighter than their emission counterparts. The converse is true for stars hotter than 25,000 K as they produce enough ultraviolet energy to make the surrounding emission nebulae outshine reflection nebulae.
need help by today labeling these.
Answer:
A: Vacuole
B: Mitochondria
C: Cell Membrane
D: Smooth ER
E: Rough ER
F: Cell Wall
Explanation:
Vacuole- near nucleus
Mitochondria- green oval looking thing
Cell Membrane- always before cell wall in a plant cell
Smooth ER- can be near rough ER ( no ribosomes)
Rough ER- always near nucleus
Cell Wall- large green thing surrounding cell membrane
Which of the following is a process that occurs only in the biosphere? condensation infiltration precipitation transpiration
Answer:
Transpiration
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. Water is necessary for plants but only a small amount of water taken up by the roots is used for growth and metabolism.
Hope it helps!!!
Answer:
Transpiration
Explanation:
Explain how a reduction in the nutrients in the upper layers of the ocean could lead to a decrease in the numbers of forage fish such as anchoveta.
Answer:
The explanation can be found below:
Explanation:
In an aquatic ecosystem, organisms feed on one another as food source to acquire energy. This feeding pattern is termed as FOOD CHAIN. Food Chain of an aquatic ecosystem begins with producers like phytoplanktons and progresses. These phytoplanktons e.g algae, which are mostly microscopic require certain nutrients e.g phosphate for growth. They tend to bloom in the presence of abundant nutrients in the upper layer of the water body.
However, in a case where the nutrients reduces, this means that the rate at which these phytoplanktons grow will also decrease. Fishes like Anchoveta feeds directly on phytoplanktons in the aquatic food chain. A decrease in the amount of phytoplanktons in the water body means there would be less to feed on by the forage fishes, hence, gradually reducing their population.
Hence, in a nutshell, a reduction in available water nutrients will lead to a reduction in the growth rate of phytoplanktons, which will utterly result in a decrease in the numbers of forage fishes.
A drop in accessible water nutrients will result in a fall in the growth rate of phytoplanktons, resulting in a decrease in the number of forage fishes.
Food ChainIn an aquatic environment, organisms feed on one another for food and energy. This feeding pattern is known as the food chain. An aquatic ecosystem's food chain begins with producers such as phytoplanktons and advances. These phytoplanktons, which are primarily tiny, require particular nutrients, such as phosphate, to flourish. They tend to bloom in the presence of rich nutrients in the water body's upper layer.If the nutrients are reduced, the pace at which these phytoplanktons grow will also be reduced. Anchoveta fishes graze directly on phytoplanktons in the aquatic food chain. A decrease in the amount of phytoplanktons in the water body means that forage fishes have less to eat on, gradually diminishing their population.In a nutshell, a drop in accessible water nutrients will result in a fall in the growth rate of phytoplanktons, resulting in a decrease in the number of forage fishes.For more information:
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What is the material that phages insert into bacteria
Answer:
DNA
Explanation:
The phage infects a bacteria and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be duplicated and passed on along with the cell's own DNA.
Bacteriophages (phages for short) insert their genetic material into bacteria. This genetic material can be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid), depending on the type of bacteriophage.
Upon infecting a bacterium, the phage attaches itself to the bacterial cell wall and injects its genetic material through the cell membrane. This genetic material then takes over the bacterial cell's machinery, utilizing it to replicate and produce more phage particles.
Eventually, the bacterium becomes filled with newly produced phages and is destroyed, releasing the phages to infect other bacteria.
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In January and February, you should set your thermostat to about 68 degrees Fahrenheit. What can you infer about the prefix "thermo?"
(Brain pop)
The Prefix "Thermo" means "heat".
The Prefix "Thermo" means "heat".
1. The formula for calculating the surface area of a cube is:
SA = length × width × number of sides (6)
Therefore, the surface area of a cube that is 1 cm on a side is 1 cm × 1 cm × 6 sides = 6 cm2
2. The formula for calculating the volume of a cube is:
V = length × width × height
Therefore, the volume of a cube that is 1 cm on each side is 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm = 1 cm3
3. The surface area to volume ratio is:
SA ÷ V
For a cube that is 1 cm on a side, SA/V ratio is 6 ÷ 1 = 6.
Calculate the SA/V ratio for a cube that is 3 cm on each side.
Calculate the SA/V ratio for a cube that is 3 cm on each side.
1.5
2
3
6
Answer:
2 (second option)Explanation:
The question aks to calculate the SA/V ratio for a cube that is 3 cm on each side.
1. Calculate SA
The surface area of a cube, SA, is 6 times the area of a face.
The area of a face is length × width.
Then:
SA = length × width × 6SA = 3cm × 3cm × 6 = 54cm²2. Calculate V
The volume, V, of a cube is:
V = length × width × heightThen:
V = 3 cm × 3cm × 3cm = 27cm³
3. Calculate the SA/V ratio
Divide SA by V:
SA/V = 54cm² / 27cm³ = 2 cm²/cm³
That is the second option: 2 ← answer
Final answer:
The surface area to volume ratio of a cube with a side length of 3 cm is calculated by dividing the surface area of the cube (54 cm²) by its volume (27 cm³), resulting in a ratio of 2.
Explanation:
To calculate the surface area (SA) to volume (V) ratio of a cube with a side length of 3 cm, we first determine the surface area and the volume of the cube. The formula for surface area of a cube is SA = 6s² where s is the side length of the cube. For a cube with side length of 3 cm, the surface area would be SA = 6 × 3² = 6 × 9 = 54 cm².
The formula for the volume of a cube is V = s³. So, the volume of a cube with a side length of 3 cm would be V = 3³ = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27 cm³. Now that we have both the surface area and the volume, we can calculate the SA/V ratio.
The surface area to volume ratio (SA:V) is expressed as SA ÷ V. So, for our cube that is 3 cm on each side, the ratio is 54 cm² ÷ 27 cm³ = 2. This means that for a cube with a side of 3 cm, the SA/V ratio is 2.
1. Which of the following Punnett Squares shows the correct offspring for a heterozygous mother and a homozygous recessive father?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
Punnet square showing heterozygous mother is Rr and homozygous recessive father as rr. The correct square is 2nd one.
What is homozygous and heterozygous ?A homozygous is defined as the allele containing both the same type of genes whereas the heterozygous allele has different types of gene.
A heterozygous mother Rr when mates with the homozygous recessive father that is rr. when Rr segregates into R and r and the rr segregates into r and r the two are recessive homozygous and two rest are called as recombinant ones. The percentage for both of the genotypes is 50 and 50. The phenotype is recombinant with the dominant phenotype and the recessive phenotype as rr.
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The above diagram shows human reproduction at the cellular level. What is the name of the process that occurs when the sperm cell and the egg cell unite?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
When the egg and sperm unite it is called fertilization
Answer: The answer is FERTILIZATION
Explanation:
:D