A condensation polymerization reaction produces a polymer and
1) H2
2) O2
3) CO2
4) H2O
Answers
Option-4 (H₂O) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Condensation reactions are those reactions in which two molecules combine to form a macromolecule with the elimination of small molecules like H₂O, HCl, ROH as a byproduct.
Example:
Amino acids (monomers) join together to form protein (polymer) with the elimination of H₂O molecules.
Related Questions
Which type of reaction is represented by the generic equation AB + CD mc002-1.jpg AD + CB?
Answers
This equation represents a Double Displacement Reaction.
Explanation:
Given equation is,
AB + CD → AD + CB
In above reaction A and C are switching their groups i.e. B and D. A has given off B to C and C has given D to A. Such reactions in which the cations and anions of two compounds are exchanged are called double displacement or double replacement reactions.
The agricultural practice of spraying insecticides leaves behind which pollutant in the soil? A. Chemical poison B. Excess nitrogen C. Excess salt D. Acidic compounds
Answers
A. Chemical poison
Answer:The correct answer is option A
Explanation:
The spraying of insecticides not only kills the insects harming the crops but also damages the fertility of the soil.
Development of new chemicals which are used as insecticides has polluted the soil with dangerous chemicals which are poisonous for living organism.
Extensive use of these chemicals has introduced these chemicals in the food chain and food web causing harm to living beings.
In the general plan for balancing redox equations, when a reaction takes place in basic solution, you will need to add
Answers
For example unbalanced chemical reaction:
H₂O₂(aq) + Cl₂O₇(aq) → ClO₂⁻(aq) + O₂(g).
Reduction half reaction: 6H⁺ + Cl₂O₇ → 2ClO₂⁻ + 3H₂O.
Oxidation half reaction: H₂O₂ → O₂ + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ /×4; 4H₂O₂ → 4O₂ + 8H⁺ + 2e⁻
Sum: 6H⁺ + Cl₂O₇ + 4H₂O₂ → 4O₂ + 8H⁺ + 2ClO₂⁻ + 3H₂O;
Cl₂O₇ + 4H₂O₂ → 4O₂ + 2H⁺ + 2ClO₂⁻ + 3H₂O
Add 2 OH⁻: 2OH⁻ + Cl₂O₇ + 4H₂O₂ + → 4O₂ + 2ClO₂⁻ + 5H₂O.
Balanced chemical reaction: 4H₂O₂ + Cl₂O₇ + 2OH⁻→ 2ClO₂⁻ + 4O₂ +5H₂O.
what is an ideal gas? how many ideal gases are there in the universe?
Answers
Not exactly sure about the amount...
I hope this helps! :)
An ideal gas is a theoretical concept used to understand gas behavior. Real gases do not behave exactly like ideal gases but can approach ideal behavior at low pressures. No ideal gases exist in the universe.
An ideal gas is a theoretical concept used to understand the behavior of gases. It is a hypothetical gas that obeys the ideal gas equation of state and follows the kinetic theory of gases.
No real gas behaves as an ideal gas, but at low pressures, gases tend to behave more like ideal gases.
There are no ideal gases in the universe as they are a theoretical construct and do not correspond to any real system.
What will happen to the volume if the number of moles of a gas is decreased at constant temperature and pressure? The volume will increase. The volume will decrease. The volume will remain the same. The volume will be negative.
Answers
Answer:
The volume will decrease.
Explanation:
The number of moles of a gas is directly proportional to its volume according to Avogadro's law. Hence volume increases as number of moles increases. Volume also decreases as number of moles decreases.
Hence according to the question, when the number of moles of a gas decreases, the volume of the gas also decreases along side in obedience to the Avogadro's law.
Describe one way to prove that a mixture of sugar and water is a solution and that a mixture of sand and water is not a solution.
Answers
Answer:
The solution is always homogeneous mixture and transparent through which the light can travel. The mixture of water and sugar is a solution because sugar is soluble in water and form homogeneous mixture while the sand can not dissolve in water and sand particles scatter the light.
Explanation:
Solution:
"The solution is always homogeneous mixture and transparent through which the light can travel"
The mixture of water and sugar is a solution because sugar is soluble in water and form homogeneous mixture. The solubility of sugar is high as compared to the sand in water because the negative and positive ends of sucrose easily dissolve into the polar solvent i.e, water
Suspension:
"Suspension is the heterogeneous mixture, in which the solute particles settle down but does not dissolve"
The mixture of water and sand is suspension. The sand can not dissolve in water because it is mostly consist of quartz. The nonpolar covalent bonds of sand are too strong and cannot be break by water molecules.
In the three-dimensional structure of methane, ch4, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned ________. in the three-dimensional structure of methane, ch4, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned ________. at the corners of a square at the corners of a tetrahedron at the corners of a cube in a straight line at the corners of a rectangle
Answers
In the three-dimensional structure of methane, CH₄, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned at the corners of a Tetrahedron.
Explanation:
In Methane (CH₄) the central atom (carbon) is bonded to four hydrogen atoms. So, the central atom is having four electron pairs and all pairs are bonding pairs and lacks any lone pair of electron. According to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory the central atom with four bonding pair electrons and zero lone pair electrons will attain a tetrahedral geometry with bond angles of 109°. Hence, the shape of CH₄ is tetrahedral.
In methane (CH4), the hydrogen atoms align at the corners of a tetrahedron due to the carbon atom's sp³ hybridization. This results in a 109.5° angle between the hydrogens, forming a tetrahedral geometry. This critical alignment impacts the molecule's properties and stability.
Explanation:In the three-dimensional structure of methane (CH4), the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned at the corners of a tetrahedron. This spatial orientation is due to the 109.5° angle between the hydrogen atoms, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry. This geometric configuration occurs because the carbon atom in methane exhibits sp³ hybridization, wherein the hybrid orbitals overlap with the s orbitals of hydrogen atoms, aligning the hydrogens in tetrahedral shape.
Such orientation plays a critical role in determining the properties of the methane molecule, and is common in many other hydrocarbons as well. In this configuration, each carbon electron pairs with a hydrogen electron when the C-H bonds are formed, resulting in a balanced and stable structure. The geometry is crucial to the function of macromolecules, which can also exist as linear carbon chains, carbon rings, or combinations of both.
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if 392cm2 of helium at 32C and 925 torr are cooled to -15C and the pressure is reduced to 775 torr, calculate the new volume the gas will occupy
Answers
Solution:
Assuming ideal behavior of the helium gas, we can use the universal gas law equation
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
The terms with subscripts of one represent the given initial values while for terms with subscripts of two represent the final conditions.
We rearrange the gas law equation to calculate for the new volume V2:
V2 = P1V1T2 / P2T1
We can now substitute the values to the expression. Therefore,
V2 = (925torr * 392cm3 * 258.15K) / (305.15K * 775torr)
V2 = 396 cm³ or 396 553 mL
When the pressure that a gas exerts on a sealed container changes from 1100 bar to 75.5 bar, the temperature changes from k to 298 k?
Answers
P/T = k
where P - pressure , T - temperature and k - constant
[tex] \frac{P1}{T1} = \frac{P2}{T2} [/tex]
parameters for the first instance are on the left side and parameters for the second instance are on the right side of the equation
substituting the values in the equation
[tex] \frac{1100 bar}{T} = \frac{75.5 bar}{298 K} [/tex]
T = 4342 K
initial temperature was 4342 K
Answer:
4342 K
Explanation:
How are elements with similar properties displayed in the periodic table?
Answers
Which of the following statements is true about the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? It reacts with water. It is one of the ending compounds. It is one of the beginning compounds. It reacts with carbon dioxide.
Answers
"It reacts with water" is incorrect I took the test and got it wrong. I believe it is B, because oxygen combines with glucose and makes carbon dioxide.
cellular respiration the starting compounds are glucose and oxygen and the ending compounds are carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
C6H12O6+6O2-->6CO2+6H2O+ energy
Glucose (sugar)+oxygen--> Carbon Dioxide+ water+energy
so It is one of the starting compounds
According to quantum, when will a resonator radiate or absorb energy?
Answers
A resonator will radiate or absorb energy when the energy equals an integer multiple of hf, the smallest quantum of energy. This is in line with Planck's quantization of energy, essential for understanding atomic and molecular radiation interactions.
Explanation:A resonator will radiate or absorb energy when the energy in question is equal to an integer multiple of the smallest quantum of energy that can be absorbed by the particle, represented as hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the oscillator. According to quantum mechanics, this quantization of energy means that the energy levels an oscillator can occupy are discrete, not continuous. A quantum oscillator can only absorb or emit energy in these specific quantities. The process of absorption elevates the oscillator to a higher quantum state, while emission results in a transition to a lower quantum state.
The concept of energy quantization is an essential part of understanding the behavior of atoms and molecules as they interact with electromagnetic radiation. In the context of blackbody radiation, the quantized energies of the atoms lead to the emission of radiation according to their quantum states, and this principle was crucial for explaining the spectrum of blackbody radiation and resolving the 'ultraviolet catastrophe.' The contributions of Max Planck to quantum mechanics laid the groundwork for modern physics, leading to the development of new technologies that have significantly changed our lives.
When 25.0 g of ch4 reacts completely with excess chlorine yielding 45.0 g of ch3cl, what is the percentage yield, according to ch4(g) + cl2(g) → ch3cl(g) + hcl(g)?
Answers
Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical
yield) x 100%
The balanced equation for the reaction is,
CH₄(g) + Cl₂(g) → CH₃Cl(g)
+ HCl(g)
Since there is excess of Cl₂ gas, we can assume that all of CH₄ gas are reacted.
Moles of CH₄(g) = mass / molar mass
= 25.0 g / 16 g/mol
= 1.5625 mol
The stoichiometric ratio between CH₄(g) and CH₃Cl(g)
is 1 : 1
Hence moles of CH₃Cl(g) = 1.5625 mol
Molar mass of CH₃Cl(g) = 50.5 g/mol
Mass of CH₃Cl(g) = number of moles x molar mass
= 1.5625 mol x 50.5 g/mol
= 78.9 g
Hence theoretical yield = 78.9 g
Actual yield = 45.0 g
Hence,
Percentage yield = (45.0 g / 78.9 g) x 100%
= 57.03%
What type of wave is sound?
a.longitudinal
b.surface
c.light
d.transverse
Answers
a.longitudinal.
ROY G BIV is associated with this type of electromagnetic radiation:
A. X rays
B. visible light
C. microwaves
D. infrared rays
Answers
ROY G BIV - red , orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.
Ha is a monoprotic weak acid. if a 0.015 m ha solution is 2.5% dissociated (or ionized), what is the acid dissociation constant (ionization constant)?
Answers
To calculate the acid dissociation constant ([tex]K_a[/tex]) for a 0.015 M HA weak acid solution that is 2.5% dissociated, we use the concentrations of the ionized and non-ionized forms of the acid and plug them into the [tex]K_a[/tex] expression, which gives an approximate value of [tex]9.58 \times 10^{-6}[/tex].
To find the acid dissociation constant ([tex]K_a[/tex]) for the weak acid HA that is 2.5% dissociated in a 0.015 M solution, we can apply the definition of the dissociation constant. The dissociation of HA can be represented as:
HA <=> [tex]H^+[/tex](aq) + [tex]A^-[/tex](aq)
Since HA is a monoprotic acid and 2.5% dissociated, this means that:
0.025 x 0.015 M = [[tex]H^+[/tex]] = [[tex]A^-[/tex]]
0.015 M - 0.025 x 0.015 M = [HA]
We plug these values into the equation for [tex]K_a[/tex]:
[tex]K_a[/tex] = [[tex]H^+[/tex]][[tex]A^-[/tex]] / [HA]
By calculating the concentrations:
[[tex]H^+[/tex]] = [[tex]A^-[/tex]] = 0.000375 M (since 2.5% of 0.015 M)
[HA] = 0.015 M - 0.000375 M = 0.014625 M
Substitute them into the equation for [tex]K_a[/tex]:
[tex]K_a[/tex] = (0.000375 M × 0.000375 M) / 0.014625 M
This gives us:
[tex]K_a[/tex] = [tex]9.58 \times 10^{-6}[/tex]
So, the acid dissociation constant for HA is approximately [tex]9.58 \times 10^{-6}[/tex].
An 80.0 g sample of iodine-131 was placed in a sealed vessel forty days ago. Only 2.5 g of this isotope is now left. What is its half-life?
Answers
the answer on edg is 8 days
What is the general formula for a straight-chain alkane? cnhn cnh2n+2 cnhn+2 cnh2n?
Answers
Option B: [tex]C_{n}H_{2n+2}[/tex]
Alkane is defined as series of hydrocarbons which are saturated (all the carbon-carbon bonds are single) for example: methane, ethane, propane etc.
In alkane, carbon has 4 valence electrons so, it can make single bonds with 4 hydrogen atoms.
In the series, the first alkane is methane, it has 1 carbon atom thus, 4 hydrogen atoms are attached to it and molecular formula becomes [tex]CH_{4}[/tex]. Similarly, the second alkane in the series is ethane, it has 2 carbon atoms, both attached with single bond. The remaining three electrons in each carbon are shared with 3 hydrogen atoms each thus, it has total of 6 hydrogen atoms. Molecular formula of ethane will be [tex]C_{2}H_{6}[/tex].
Now, for general formula, let the number of carbon atoms be n thus, number of hydrogen atoms will be [tex]2n+2[/tex]
Therefore, general formula of straight chain alkane is [tex]C_{n}H_{2n+2}[/tex].
When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is?
Answers
Now, if one goes to higher heights, i.e. mountains, pressure decreases. Since, pressure decreases the boiling point also decreases. Hence, if heating rate is same, the time needed to reach the boiling point will decrease.
According to the law of conservation of mass,why is it considered a mistake to add calcium to the product side if it is not in the reactant side of a particular chemical equation
Answers
Which is a negative result of eating too many lipids?
A-Fatty acids become deficient in the body.
B-Dangerous fat-soluble vitamins are carried to cells.
C-Fat deposits put a strain on the body.
D-The body produces too many membrane structures.
Answers
Final answer:
Eating too many lipids can lead to fat deposits that strain the body, unhealthy weight gain, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and potentially hypervitaminosis due to excess accumulation of fat-soluble vitamins when consumed in large quantities.(Option C)
Explanation:
A negative result of eating too many lipids, specifically saturated fatty acids, trans fats, and cholesterol, is that fat deposits can put a strain on the body. Excessive intake of lipids can lead to an unhealthy weight gain and a rise in blood lipid levels, which in turn may increase the risk of health problems such as cardiovascular disease.
Conditions like atherosclerosis, where cholesterol contributes to the narrowing of arteries, can manifest as a result of high cholesterol levels. Moreover, while fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K are absorbed with the help of dietary fats, an overabundance due to excessive lipid intake can lead to hypervitaminosis, a state where excess vitamins are stored in the body's fat.
List a few ways that would lead you to believe a chemical reaction has occurred
Answers
Change in Color:
Few reactions proceed with the change in colour. When Bromine Water (yellow-Brown) is treated with unsaturated compounds, the color disappear as the reaction is completed.
Gas Production:
Some reactions proceed with the elimination of gas i.e. CO₂ , H₂, N₂, H₂O e.t.c.
Temperature Change:
Some reactions evolve or absorb heat when proceed. This change is the evidence of progress of reaction.
Thin Layer Chromatography:
Very important technique in detecting the progress of reaction by determining the number of spots for UV active compounds on TLC plate. Even non UV active compounds can be detected by using other locating agents.
Instrumental Techniques:
Modern techniques like IR, MS, NMR, UV spectroscopy can be used to detect the progress of reaction.
How do you tell how many electrons an element wants to gain or lose?
Answers
How does the law of conservation of mass apply to this reaction: C2H4 + O2 → H2O + CO2?
How many molecules are in 13.5g of sulfur dioxide, so2?
Answers
m(SO₂) = 13.5 g.
n(SO₂) = m(SO₂) ÷ M(SO₂).
n(SO₂) = 13.5 g ÷ 64 g/mol.
n(SO₂) = 0.21 mol.
N(SO₂) = n(SO₂) ·Na.
N(SO₂) = 0.21 mol · 6.022·10²³ 1/mol.
N(SO₂) = 1.27·10²³.
n - amount of substance.
M - molar mass of substance.
Na - Avogadro number.
Taking into account the definition of avogadro's number, 0.21 moles of sulfur dioxide contain 1.26482×10²³ molecules.
Avogadro's Number or Avogadro's Constant is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.
First you must determine the number of moles that 13.5 g of sulfur dioxide contains. For that, I use the molar mass of the compound, which is defined as the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.
In this case, the molar mass of sulfur dioxide is 64 g/mole. So the number of moles that 13.5 grams of the compound contain can be calculated as:
[tex]13.5 gramsx\frac{1 mole}{64 grams} =[/tex] 0.21 moles
Then you can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of sulfur dioxide contains 6.023×10²³ molecules, then 0.21 moles contain how many molecules of sulfur dioxide?
amount of molecules of sulfur dioxide= (6.023×10²³ molecules× 0.21 mole)÷ 1 mole
amount of molecules of sulfur dioxide=1.26482×10²³ molecules
Finally, 0.21 moles of sulfur dioxide contain 1.26482×10²³ molecules.
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brainly.com/question/11907018?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/1445383?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/1528951?referrer=searchResultsA 10.0ml sample of calcium hydroxide solution requirewd 26.85ml of 0.225 m hydrochoric acid for neutralization. calculate the nolar concentration of the bsae
Answers
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl ---> CaCl₂ + 2H₂O
stoichiometry fo Ca(OH)₂ to HCl is 1:2
number of HCl moles reacted - concentration of HCl x volume
number of HCl moles - 0.225 mol/L x 26.85 x 10⁻³ L = 6.041 x 10⁻³ mol
according to molar ratio
2 mol of HCl reacts with 1 mol of Ca(OH)₂
therefore 6.041 x 10⁻³ mol of HCl reacts with - 6.041 x 10⁻³ /2 mol = 3.021 x 10⁻³ mol
number of Ca(OH)₂ moles in 10.0 mL - 3.021 x 10⁻³ mol
therefore Ca(OH)₂ moles in 1000 mL - 3.021 x 10⁻³ mol / (10.0 x 10⁻³ L) = 0.302 mol/L
molarity of Ca(OH)₂ - 0.302 M
To calculate the molar concentration of the base, use stoichiometry and the given volume and concentration of the acid. The balanced chemical equation helps determine the moles of acid and base. Divide the moles of base by the volume of the base solution to find the molar concentration.
Explanation:To calculate the molar concentration of the base, we can use the stoichiometry of the neutralization reaction between calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of Ca(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HCl. We are given that 26.85 mL of 0.225 M HCl is required to neutralize a 10.0 mL solution of Ca(OH)2. The moles of HCl can be calculated using the equation:
moles of HCl = volume of HCl (L) × concentration of HCl (M)
Once we have the moles of HCl, we can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to calculate the moles of Ca(OH)2. Finally, we divide the moles of Ca(OH)2 by the volume of the Ca(OH)2 solution to find the molar concentration.
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How many moles of LiCl
are in 250g of LiCl
Answers
Molar mass of LiCl is the sum of molar masses of the individual elements.
molar mass of Li - 6.9 g/mol and Cl - 35.45 g/mol
molar mass of LiCl - 6.9 + 35.45 = 42.35
therefore molar mass of LiCl - 42.35 g/mol
number of moles of LiCl = mass present / molar mass of LiCl
number of LiCl moles = 250 g / 42.35 g/mol = 5.90 mol
5.90 moles of LiCl
What is the half-life of an isotope that decays to 6.25% of its original activity in 18.9 hours?
Answers
For 1st order reaction, we have
k = [tex] \frac{2.303}{t}Xlog \frac{\text{initial conc.}}{\text{final conc.}} [/tex]
where, k = rate constant of reaction
Given: Initial conc. 100, Final conc. = 6.25, t = 18.9 hours
∴ k = [tex] \frac{2.303}{18.9} X log \frac{100}{6.25} [/tex] = 0.1467 hours^(-1)
Now, for 1st order reactions: half life = [tex] \frac{0.693}{k} = \frac{0.693}{0.1467} [/tex] = 4.723 hours.
The half-life of an isotope that decays to 6.25% of its original activity in 18.9 hours is 4.725 hours. This is calculated by understanding that the isotope undergoes 4 half-lives to reach the 6.25% activity.
Explanation:The half-life (T1/2) of a radioactive isotope refers to the time period for half of the original nuclei to decay. In this case, the isotope decays to 6.25% of its original activity in 18.9 hours which means it goes through 4 half-lives (since (1/2)^4 = 1/16 which approximately equals 6.25%). Hence, the half-life of this isotope is 18.9/4 = 4.725 hours.
This concept is derived from the exponential decay of unstable radioisotopes where half-life (T1/2) is calculated by dividing the total time by number of half-lives.
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PLEASE HELP! I'll mark brainliest!
What is the concentration of H+ ions at a pH = 8?
mol/L
What is the concentration of OH– ions at a pH = 8?
mol/L
What is the ratio of H+ ions to OH– ions at a pH = 8?
Answers
The character of acidic, basic and neutral is defined by the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+](mol/L). A solution with a concentration of hydrogen ions higher than 10-7mol/L is acidic, and a solution with a lower concentration is alkaline (another way to say basic). Using the formula, pH=-log[H+], a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic. As one can see from this formula, ten times a given concentration of hydrogen ions means one unit lower in terms of pH value (higher acidity), and vice versa.
The formula for ph is given by:pH=−log10[H+]
What is the concentration of H+ ions at a pH = 8?
In calculating for the concentration of hydrogen ion, the formula is given by:[H+]=(10)^(-pH)
Solution:
[H+]=(10)^(-8)[H+]=0.00000001 mol/L
What is the concentration of OH– ions at a pH = 8?pH+pOH=148+pOH=14pOH=6
[OH-]=(10)^(-pOH)[OH-]=(10)^(-6)[OH-]=0.000001
What is the ratio of H+ ions to OH– ions at a pH = 2?The ratio is 0.00000001:0.000001 which is equal to 0.01
Answer:
0.00000001
0.000001
0.000001 : 1 or 1 : 100
Explanation:
answer on e2020
If hexane (c6h14), octane (c8h18), and octanol (c8h17oh) are heated evenly at different altitudes, rank them according to the order in which you would expect them to begin boiling.
Answers
At different altitudes the Hexane will boil first, followed by octane and octanol will boil at last.
Explanation:
The difference in the boiling point of these compounds is mainly due to difference in the intermolecular interactions found in them.
Hexane boils first as compared to other two because the interactions present in it are London Dispersion forces which is too present in octane but weaker than octane as the strength of London Dispersion forces increases with increase in carbon chain.
Octanol will have the greatest boiling point because it also has Hydrogen bond interactions along with London Dispersion forces which are considered the strongest intermolecular forces.
During a thunderstorm, Charles watched flashes of lightning through his window. Which process best describes the cause of the lightning?
Answers
Answer: This is induction - charged particles moving between positively and negatively charged parts of clouds