a major characteristic of a purpose market economy is unrestricted competition an oversupply of labor strong government planning regulated prices

Greek scientists such as Eratosthenes studied the circumference of the Earth to confirm the belief in a spherical Earth, supported by philosophical and astronomical observations. Eratosthenes used the angle of the Sun's rays to make an accurate measurement of Earth's circumference around 200 BCE.

Greek scientists like Eratosthenes studied the circumference of the Earth because the Greeks had a strong understanding that the Earth was spherical, a belief dating back to Pythagoras and later supported by Aristotle. The recognition of Earth's round shape was supported by observations such as the circular shadow during lunar eclipses and the changes in visible stars at different latitudes. Eratosthenes, living in Alexandria, Egypt, used a geometric method based on observations of the Sun to measure the Earth's diameter with remarkable accuracy around 200 BCE. By observing the angle of the Sun's rays at different locations, he was able to estimate the Earth's circumference successfully.

The Greek knowledge of a spherical Earth played a significant role in their philosophical and religious symbolism, and it also had practical implications for understanding celestial motions, as demonstrated by Ptolemy's model of the universe. Despite the complexity of the ancient Greek models and the controversial estimates of Earth's size, the work of scholars like Eratosthenes laid the foundation for future scientific discoveries and navigational methods.

Equality under the law is a shared principle in Christian teachings and ancient Greek democracy. Christian ideology promotes moral equality based on religious beliefs, whereas Greek democracy implemented political equality among male citizens but had exclusions. Both ideals continue to influence modern concepts of equality and justice.

The concept of equality under the law is a cornerstone in both Christian teachings and Greek democracy; though their practical applications in ancient times differed. Christian teachings, primarily based on biblical principles, mandate that all individuals are seen as equal in the eyes of God, which implies a moral equality that should be reflected in legal matters. This is found in the scriptural emphasis that all humans are made in the image of God and deserve to be treated with equal dignity and justice.

In comparison, Athenian democracy emphasized equality as a political concept, giving citizens the right to participate in public debate and decision-making processes. However, it is important to note that this 'equality' was limited to male citizens, excluding women, slaves, and foreigners from the political process. The reforms in Athens aimed to neutralize the privileges of wealth and birth to some extent, yet social inequalities persisted due to factors like wealth and the ability to afford rhetorical education from sophists.

Despite the ideal of equality, both frameworks were imperfect in their inclusion and realization of the principle. While Christian doctrine advocates universal equality, societal application historically has varied, and the Greek systems were inherently exclusive. Nonetheless, both ideas have influenced western concepts of democracy and continue to resonate in discussions of legal and social equality.

The correct answer B) corporations drive industry and industry can mold ideas about culture.

Corporations specifically contribute to the diffusion of culture in that corporations drive industry and industry cam mold ideas about culture.

Corporations drive industries and their presence have an impact not only in economics but also in culture. For instance, mass media corporations such as ABC that is the owner of Disney and ESPN that is a subsidiary of Disney Group.

Through the many different contents they offer, these companies can mold ideas about culture in a country and worldwide. That is why they are considered multinational companies. They can influence the American Culture and also send the American culture or way of living to other nations via cartoons, movies or TV series.  

Corporations, through the culture industry system, drive the global diffusion of a consumption-oriented culture, heavily influencing societal values and norms by promoting uniform consumer behavior across the globe.

Corporations contribute to the diffusion of culture primarily through the production and dissemination of mass culture products that shape consumer behavior and cultural norms. Paul Hirsch highlighted the role of the culture industry system, in which multinational corporations and media industries flood the market with cultural objects to secure widespread acceptance and drive consumerism. This process instills a global culture of consumption, influenced by the cultural artifac

Consumer culture is a significant aspect of the diffusion of culture by corporations, characterized by economic imperialism and the global spread of consumerism. American corporations, in particular, drive a global market culture that homogenizes consumption patterns worldwide. This globalization of consumer culture shapes lifestyles and values, promoting a narrative that equates happiness and success with material possessions and constant consumer demand.

The Fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy (Option B) are not considered causes of the Great Depression, but rather consequences of the economic instability that the Depression brought about.

The correct answer to which of the following is not considered to be a cause of the Great Depression is B. The Fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy. The Great Depression was precipitated by several factors including the crash of the stock market, the intertwined system of international loans and reparations, and the collapse of the American banking system due to poorly regulated banking practices and the Federal Reserve's policies. The rise of fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy were consequences of the economic turmoil rather than causes of the Depression itself.

While fascism did emerge during the period of economic instability, its rise was more so a response to the conditions created by the economic crisis rather than a contributing factor. Moreover, the Great Depression affected countries worldwide, not just those where fascist governments came to power.

Final answer:

The cause of the Great Depression not listed is the Fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy. The depression originated from the American stock market crash, loan demands, defaults, and economic isolationism.

Explanation:

The question regards the causes of the Great Depression, which began with the stock market crash on October 29, 1929. The response to the student's multiple-choice question is that the Fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy (B) are not considered a direct cause of the Great Depression. This period of economic downturn was instead precipitated by factors such as the American stock market crash, the resultant demand for loan repayments by American banks, the subsequent defaults, and increased economic isolationism, among other issues.

Despite the rise of fascist regimes being a significant historical event, they are not directly credited with causing the Great Depression. Instead, the financial instability in the stock market, poor income distribution, international economic troubles, and the general psychology of public confidence played crucial roles in the economic collapse that led to the Great Depression.

One of the most successful air groups in WWII. They were so good at what they did, white units asked for the Tuskegee Airmen. The group was accurate at destroying targets and other airplanes in dogfights.

Correct answer:  C. he had "no intention of overthrowing old methods of painting, or creating new ones."

Édouard Manet wrote those words in the catalog of an exhibition of his works at the fringe of the Salon of 1867, a large exhibit of artwork that took place in Paris in 1867, coinciding with the World's Fair held in Paris that year.  In the description of himself as an artist and of his art, Manet wrote, "Mr. Manet has no intention of overthrowing old methods of painting or of creating new ones. He simply seeks to be himself and not someone else."

French painter Édouard Manet (1832-1883) is credited as one of the originators of the Impressionist movement in art.

Roman empire support its expansion and integrated culture on three continents The construction of roads and bridges facilitated trade and communication. Therefore option B is correct.

Transferring information from one location, person, or group to another is the act of communication. Every communication has a sender, a message, and a recipient at a minimum. Although it might seem straightforward, communication is actually a very complicated topic.

There are a wide variety of factors that might influence how a message is sent from the sender to the recipient. These include our feelings, the surrounding cultural context, the communication method, and even our geographic location. Accurate, effective, and clear communication is actually quite difficult, which is why companies all over the world place such a high value on these abilities.

An effective communicator knows their audience, selects the best communication channel, tailors their message to it, and encrypts the message to prevent the receiver from misinterpreting it. They will also ask the recipient(s) for input on how the message was perceived, and they will make every effort to clear up any misunderstanding or uncertainty as soon as they can.

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Answer:

The answer to the question: Countries in the Middle East, like Saudi Arabia and Iran, have acquired great wealth because of which natural resource? would be: Petroleum.

Explanation:

Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, was first discovered not in the U.S as most people believe, but in China, around 600 BC. However, its full discovery, and the discovery of all of its power and uses, and the turning of this resource into the main material for enormous companies, was first in 1859, by Colonel Drake in Pennsylvania and later on, the best known of all, in Texas, in 1901. Ever since then, and with the search for it, it was soon found that the countries of the Middle East, like Saudi Arabia, were owners of the biggest reserves of this mineral resource, aside from Venezuela. It has been this "black gold", which has allowed these Middle Eastern nations to thrive; or at least those who control the monopoly to thrive.

African Americans were undoubtedly referred to by Fidel Castro as "the most politically advanced group" in the United States because they were working to alter the status quo. As a result, choice (C) is accurate.

Castro, who was raised in Birán as the son of a prosperous Spanish farmer, developed communist and anti-imperialist views while attending the University of Havana to study law.

He took involved in uprisings against right-wing governments in the Dominican Republic and Colombia before plotting the overthrow of Cuban President Fulgencio Batista and staging an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks in 1953.

After serving a year in prison, Castro left for Mexico, where he joined forces with Ernesto "Che" Guevara and his brother Raul to create the 26th of July Movement. Upon his return to Cuba, Castro played a crucial part in the Cuban Revolution by commanding the Movement in a guerilla war against Batista's forces in the Sierra Maestra. Castro became Cuba's premier military and political leader when Batista was overthrown in 1959.

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Answer: C. they were trying to change the system.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Brown v. Board of Education is a landmark case that had a profound impact on American society by setting a precedent to end segregation, demonstrating the Supreme Court's role in shaping legal standards through the principle of stare decisis.

Explanation:

One profoundly impactful Supreme Court case that illustrates the principle of stare decisis and its profound effect on American society is Brown v. Board of Education. This 1954 case declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional, overturning the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which allowed state-sponsored segregation. The decision was rooted in the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment and set a precedent that helped to dismantle Jim Crow laws and laid the groundwork for the civil rights movement. This case exemplifies the power of the Supreme Court to shape societal norms and legal standards due to the obligation of lower courts to apply the rules of law established by the decisions of higher courts.

Indeed, the principle of precedent ensures case law consistency and predictability. Importantly, by following established precedents, the court lends legitimacy to the judicial system, offering citizens faith in the stability and fairness of the law. However, judges can depart from precedent to adapt the law to modern societal values when necessary, demonstrating the dynamic nature of legal interpretation within the framework of stare decisis.

One significant drawback of the Columbian Exchange was the transmission of diseases from Europeans to the indigenous populations of the Americas. These diseases, to which the natives had no immunity, resulted in catastrophic declines in native populations due to epidemics of smallpox, measles, and influenza.

The Columbian Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries, following Christopher Columbus's voyages. Sadly, alongside these exchanges came the unintentional spread of diseases. Indigenous peoples of the Americas were decimated by diseases introduced by European explorers and colonists, as they had no previous exposure and thus no natural immunity to these illnesses. As a result, entire communities and cultures were erased, leading to significant demographic and social changes in the New World. This tragic aspect of the Columbian Exchange is considered one of the gravest consequences of this era of exploration and expansion.

Answer;

A. It was ineffective as communist forces led by Mao Zedong won and introduced a communist government.

Explanation;

Containment policy was a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad.

A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge its communist sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam.

The answer is...The Soviet Union wanted control of Eastern Europe. The United States wanted independent nations in Eastern Europe.

Although William Jennings Bryan lost the elections in 1896, the living and working conditions of the farmers improved remarkably. This happened because, first through the Farmers Alliance and then through the Populist Party, the farmers began to claim their rights and, although slowly, their claims began to be heard by the state and federal governments.

c.the movement believed people should decrease the amount of alcohol they drank.

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Out of the choices provided above, it can be concluded to state that the effect of the incorporation of the Bill of Rights was the state governments were required to provide most Bill of Rights protections. Therefore, the option A holds true.

The Bill of Rights is a document contained under the Articles of the American National Constitution. Moreover, the American constitution provides protection to all of its citizens under these Bill of Rights. Each individual state can have its own bill of rights.

The rule for provision of the Bill of Rights could not be granted to the American citizens unless specifically provided under the state's protection of the Bill of Rights. It became mandatory for all the American states to do so.

Therefore, the option A holds true and states regarding the significance of Bill of Rights.

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A. State governments were required to provide most Bill of Rights protections.

The incorporation of the Bill of Rights refers to the process by which most of the protections and limitations outlined in the Bill of Rights were extended to apply to state and local governments, not just the federal government. This was primarily achieved through Supreme Court decisions, a process known as selective incorporation. It ensured that the protections of the Bill of Rights applied at both the federal and state levels, requiring state governments to adhere to these constitutional rights.

The incorporation of the Bill of Rights had a significant effect on the constitutional law of the United States. The primary effect was that 'state governments were required to provide most Bill of Rights protections.'. This phenomenon happened via the process of 'incorporation', through which the Supreme Court applied the protections of the Bill of Rights to the states. This was done through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, thus holding the state governments to the same standards as the federal government in regards to protecting the rights of its citizens.

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Answer:

commodity money used by the Union during the Civil War

Explanation:

were "greenbacks"