A mental desire or craving to achieve the effects produced by a drug is called _____.
a. drug dependence
b. drug addiction
c. psychological dependence
d. psychological addiction

Answers

Answer 1
B: a drug addiction
i think
Answer 2

Answer:

b. drug addiction

Explanation:

Drugs are illicit substances that cause addictions. This makes drug users always want to use more drugs, affecting the life of the user as a whole. This is a public health problem as many people are drug users. The addiction caused by drugs is difficult to overcome, so treatments can not always recover the user. So stay away from drugs.


Related Questions

Mcarthur, hogben, edwards, heath, and mengler found that what percent of children are identified as having a specific reading disability and met criteria for dld?

Answers

I believe the answer is 50%.
In this context, DLD stands for developmental language disorder, which refers to any form of proble that children wold experience in learning a language.
The number seems pretty high because they never measures the effect of introversion personality within the children.

According to research by McArthur, Hogben, Edwards, Heath, and Mengler, they found that approximately 19.1% of children are identified as having a specific reading disability and meet criteria for developmental language disorder (DLD).

This finding is consistent with a state-wide parent survey that also reported a 19.1% prevalence rate of developmental disabilities among children (MacLean & Dornbush, 2012).

Learning disabilities are often detected at school age and tend to affect children with average or above-average intelligence. Moreover, learning disabilities, including reading disabilities, can co-occur with other disorders such as ADHD, increasing the complexity of diagnosis and treatment.

When young melvin's mother hands him to a friend of hers, he looks up, smiles, and offers no real objection to being held by a stranger. melvin's mother often brags that, "he is such a good, easy baby." according to your textbook, melvin's mother is making an observation about his ________?

Answers

I believe it’d be temperament

Skinner designed a soundproof apparatus, often equipped with a lever or bar, with which he conducted his experiments in operant conditioning. this has been called a:

Answers

I believe the answer is: Skinner box.
Skinner box is a box design that often used by researchers to study animal behavior.
Skinner box consist of two important features:
- Food dispensers where researchers could give rewards for the subjects
- Electrical grid that could be used to impose punishment to the subject.

A type of language that varies from the norms of literal language

Answers

French would be the answer

What developed among the people in different areas of latin america?

Answers

I believe the answer is: Regionalism.
Regionalism refers to certain features that are different from one region of a country to another.
For example, even though almost all people in latin america speak spanish, they tend to speak it on  a completely different Accent.

Why is it important to include a works-cited list in a historical essay?

Answers

It is Important to give credit to where you obtained knowledgeable information to avoid a risk in obtaining false information and plagiarism.

the answer is To show your reader where your evidence comes from.

Clarence darrow was the defense attorney in the infamous "scopes trial" involving the teaching of evolution in public schools. the situation he is describing in this passage refers to situations which could be seen as a threat to knowledge, as well as a threat to which amendment?

Answers

I believe the answer is the first amendment.
The first amendment of United States both guaranteed the freeodom of speech and prohibit the establishment in making any regulations that only benefiit a ceratin religion.
The banning of evolution subject in school both violate the right to freedom of speech for the children and the free religion clause of the Students.

According to piaget, children who can classify or divide things into different sets or subsets and consider their interrelationships are in which stage of development

Answers

The correct answer is the concrete operational thought. This is being defined as a way of children to be able to perform concrete operations by having to reason out in a more logical manner that is applied to specific examples or concrete examples.

Regarding alcohol use, a more important factor that is most likely to exert the most influence on a person's view is

Answers

The answer is "Socialization".

Socialization is the way toward disguising the standards and belief systems of society.Socialization incorporates both learning and educating and is in this way "the methods by which social and social congruity are achieved". Socialization is unequivocally associated with developmental psychology. People require social encounters to take in their way of life and to survive.

Robert's mother pours a cup of milk for him and then realizes that the cup has a small crack in it. not wanting her son to cut his lip, she pours the milk into another cup. the second cup happens to be shorter and wider than the first cup. robert is not upset because he knows the amount of milk has remained the same. robert is at least how old?
a. three years old
b. five years old
c. seven years old
d. nine years old
e. twelve years old

Answers

I think the boy should be 9 years old because he know about the surface area and height

top- down processing can be best described as:

Answers

top-down processing helps us to make sense of the environment. it refers to how our brains make use of information that has already been brought into the brain by one or more of the sensory s;ystems.  

C) perceiving what is shown in an image and then looking at individual pieces of it. Top-down processing is the cognitive action where the brain uses prior knowledge and experiences to interpret and perceive sensory information.

Top-down processing can be best described as perceiving what is shown in an image and then looking at individual pieces of it. This approach to perception emphasizes how our experiences and expectations shape our interpretation of sensory information. An example of this is how we might interpret ambiguous figures based on prior experiences or because of a 'perceptual set' established through exposure to related stimuli, as in the case where seeing words or images related to furniture might make us more likely to perceive a 'vase' than 'faces' in an image. Top-down processing is a complex cognitive process where the brain uses contextual information, prior knowledge, and expectations to construct perceptions.

Complete Question:

Top-down processing can be best described as:

A) changing smoothly, without distinct stages

B) looking at individual pieces of an image and then perceiving what the entire image shows

C) perceiving what is shown in an image and then looking at individual pieces of it

D) recognizing objects apart from the background

Recent research has indicated that two dimensions of mind perception are:

Answers

Recent research has indicated that 2 dimensions of mind perception are experience and angency.

Suppose that after examining tina, you were concerned she may have peritonitis. how would you have assessed tina to confirm your diagnosis?

Answers

To confirm if Tina has peritonitis, a physician should issue requests for blood and urine tests. Also, CT scan and exploratory surgery could confirm that Tina's peritoneum was inflamed. Drawing of fluid from Tina's abdomen could also confirm Tina's condition. These tests could prove if Tina has peritonitis.
I would have assessed tina to confirm my diagnosis by a rebound tenderness test to look for a positive Blumberg's sign and a heel jar test to look for a positive Markle sign.

Concept:
Blumberg's sign conjointly brought up as rebound tenderness, may be a clinical sign that's induced throughout physical examination of a patient's abdomen by a doctor or alternative healthcare supplier. It's indicative of peritonitis. It refers to pain upon removal of pressure instead of the application of pressure to the abdomen.

Conclusion:
The physician should issue requests for blood and urine tests. Also, CT scan and exploratory surgery could confirm that Tina's peritoneum was inflamed. Drawing of fluid from Tina's abdomen could also confirm Tina's condition. These tests could prove if Tina has peritonitis.

In an attempt to pay back their student loans a bit faster, mary and bob commit identity theft and impersonate others so they can use their credit cards. the government prosecutes them but loses due to lack of evidence. after more evidence surfaces, the government attempts to prosecute mary and bob again. in doing so, it may be violating which amendment?

Answers

The government may be violating the Fifth Amendment by trying to prosecute Mary and Bob again.
The Fifth Amendment states (among other things) that a person can be tried only once in federal court for the same offense. Given that Mary and Bob were already prosecuted for identity theft and won the case due to lack of evidence, the government can try to prosecute them again, but it will be violating the Fifth Amendment in doing so. 

Which model emphasizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders?
a. consensus model
b. conflict model
c. due process model
d. crime control model
e. all of the above?

Answers

e. all of the above sir

In which of these situations is popular sovereignty not enjoyed?

A. A powerful political leader breaks the law and gets away with it.
B. One branch of government has the majority of political power.
C. A king is free to make laws regardless of whether most people agree with him.
D. A minority group does not possess the same rights as the majority.


Answers

The correct answer here is C.

Popular sovereignty refers to a political system where the opinion of the people matters and its heard and sought after. This refers to a government whose authority is derived from the will of the people through their elected representatives. This is not the case in the option C.

Answer:

C. A king is free to make laws regardless of whether most people agree with him.

Explanation:

Hope the answer help you!

Psychologist john garcia found that rats did not learn to associate a taste with flashing lights and noise. however, rats did learn to associate a taste with getting ill. the concept that best accounts for this observation is _______.

Answers

The concept best accounts for this observation as biological preparedness. This is considered to be an idea formulated by which people and animals are inherently inclined in regards of forming relations between stimuli and certain responses in which could be illustrated above.

What reasons did the American party give in the 1840s to encourage immigration reform

Answers

About 88,000 foreigners arrive in the United States on a typical day. Most are welcomed at airports and borders, and most do not intend to stay in the United States. 82,000 nonimmigrant foreigners per day come to the United States as tourists, business visitors, students, and foreign workers. Another 2,200 arrivals are immigrants and refugees, persons that the United States has invited to join American society as permanent residents. The other 4,100 are unauthorized or illegal foreigners—some enter legally as tourists and then stay in the United States, but most enter the country unlawfully by eluding border patrol agents or using false documents to circumvent border inspectors.

According to erikson, a caregiver who ________ is likely to promote autonomy in toddlerhood.

Answers


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In ________, a three-pronged symbol represents the "many" side of the relationship.

Answers

The answer is Crow's Foot notation.  A number of data showing techniques that are being used today. One of the most general is the entity relationship diagram (ERD). This diagram represents relationships as lines between the boxes and entities as boxes. Various shapes at the ends of these lines show the cardinality of the relationship. 

One common mistake made early in the risk identification process is
a.not all possibilities are considered
b.participants are over-optimistic
c.participants are over-pessimistic
d.focus on objectives and not on the events that could produce consequences.
e.too much attention is given to past events

Answers

The risk identification process identificates the risks that could potentially prevent the program, enterprise, or investment from achieving its objectives.
One common mistake made early in the risk identification process is that it is focusing on objectives and not on the events that could produce consequences.
Correct answer: D

To achieve intensity of expression, monteverdi used ____________ with unprecedented freedom and daring.

Answers

The correct answer is dissonance. Dissonance is being defined as an experience of which an individual feels a mental discomfort as the individual simultaneously holds contradictory ideals, beliefs and/or values in which this allows the individual to achieve the intensity of expression.

According to the stress response dampening model, individuals who have had a stressful drug or alcohol experience are less likely to abuse drugs or alcohol

Answers

According to the stress response dampening model, individuals who have had a stressful drug or alcohol experience are less likely to abuse drugs or alcohol. This is False.

Stress response dampening model (SRD) states that people who experience stress dampening effects will more likely use alcohol in stressful situations. Hence, if a person underwent a stressful experience, even if that was caused by the drug or alcohol he used, he will more likely continue to abuse such drugs or alcohol.

Final answer:

The stress response dampening model implies that stress can influence substance abuse patterns, but individual responses may vary. Stressful drug or alcohol experiences might discourage further use in some, while causing relapse in others. Factors such as habituation, trauma, and acute stress also play roles in the relationship between stress and substance abuse.

Explanation:

The stress response dampening model suggests that individuals who have experienced stressful situations in relation to drug or alcohol use may exhibit a decreased likelihood to engage in substance abuse. Research indicates that stress is a significant factor influencing the initiation, continuation, and relapse of drug use. When an individual faces stressful conditions, such as discrimination or isolation, they may turn to substances like alcohol or drugs as a form of self-medication or to alleviate distress.

However, stress can also trigger drug-seeking behavior and lead to relapses in abstinence as seen in animal models, like rats trained for cocaine self-administration, which relapse into substance-seeking behavior following a stressor such as a foot shock. Stress not only raises the initial risk for substance use but is also linked to increased risk behaviors related to substance abuse, such as risk-taking behavior in adolescents with regards to cigarette smoking.

Furthermore, while some individuals may exhibit stress response dampening following a stressful substance use experience, leading to an aversion to substance abuse, others may become habituated to the stress associated with substance use. Habituation to the negative effects of stress or substance use can reduce the effectiveness of a stress-based deterrent. On the contrary, experiences of trauma or acute stress can heighten the risk of developing substance use disorders or precipitating relapse.

In lemon v. kurtzman (1971), the supreme court justices ruled that government action toward religion is a. permissible only if it is secular in purpose, neither promotes nor inhibits religion, and does not lead to excessive entanglement with religion. b. permissible only if it promotes religious organizations that have a large number of members. c. permissible only if it promotes religious organizations that have a small number of members. d. permissible only if it inhibits religious organizations who espouse anti-american beliefs. e. never permissible.

Answers

I believe the answer is: Permissible only if it is secular in purpose, neither promotes nor inhibits religion, and does not lead to excessive entanglement with religion.
For example, when a certain religion advocate their followers to conduct harm towards other people.
In this case, the religion conducted an infringement for other people's right as a citizens and the government has proper ground to intervene.
Final answer:

In Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971), the Supreme Court ruled that government action toward religion is permissible only if it meets three criteria: it must be secular in purpose, it must not advance nor inhibit religion, and it should not cause excessive entanglement between government and religion.

Explanation:

In Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971), the Supreme Court ruled that government action toward religion is permissible only if it is secular in purpose, neither promotes nor inhibits religion, and does not lead to excessive entanglement with religion. This decision was important in establishing how the First Amendment's establishment clause, prohibiting the government from establishing a religion, is applied and interpreted. The ruling set forth a guideline, known as the 'Lemon Test', used to determine if a government action violates this clause. This test requires the purpose of the government action to be clearly secular, it must neither inhibit nor advance religion and it should not foster an 'excessive entanglement' between government and religious organizations.

Learn more about Lemon v. Kurtzman here:

https://brainly.com/question/30767086

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Sociologist catherine ross has suggested that we need to reconceptualize various living arrangements as a continuum of

Answers

I believe the answer is: social attachment
social attachment refers to the theory that view in order for a child to develop proper social skills, that child need to at least develop one relationship with a primary caregiver.
This happens because most social skills that acquired by the children. happened due the process of observation and mimicry of other people around them.

What reflects a neoliberal approach to economic development?

Answers

It should be Privatization of State Run Company

According freud, obsessive-compulsive disorders have their origin in the ______ stage of development

Answers

According Freud, obsessive-compulsive disorders have their origin in the anall stage of development.
This stage is the second stage in Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development. It lasts from age of 18 months to three years. 
The name comes from the anuss as the primary erogenous zone.

The Greek counterpart to "Cephas" is:
Cephas
Petri
Simeon
Petros
Peter

Answers

Final answer:

The Greek counterpart to 'Cephas' is 'Petros,' which is translated to Peter in English, an apostolic name given by Jesus in the New Testament.

Explanation:

The Greek counterpart to the name Cephas is Petros, which is anglicized as Peter. Cephas comes from the Aramaic word Kepha, which means 'rock' or 'stone'. According to the New Testament, Jesus gave one of his apostles, Simon, the name Cephas or Peter, to symbolize his role as the foundation upon which the church would be built. This apostolic name was widely recognized in early Christian literature and iconography.

Therefore, the correct answer is Petros.

Italy's climate allows people to grow a wide variety of crops. true or false

Answers

that is very true heat for the crops

Jennifer is described by her friends as independent, distrusting authority, and technologically savvy. one of her strongest memories is the day of the oklahoma city bombings. she is most likely to be a member of the ________ generation. gen xers traditionalists millennials gen 2020 baby boomers

Answers

She is most likely to be a member of the Gen Xers.
Generation X includes people born between the early 1960s and 1980s. It is a generation following baby boomers and preceding millennials. She is not a baby boomer because they are not technologically savvy (at their time, there wasn't a whole lot of technology), and she's not a millennial because she was very young to vividly remember the Oklahoma City bombings (1995). 
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