Answer:The anesthetic may cause a severe headache, which is treatable."
Explanation:
Spinal anesthesia is a type of anesthesia which is administered locally using a fine needle between L3 and L4 space or L4 and L5 space in order to avoid injury to the spinal cord. This procedure is usually carried out by a trained health personnel such as:
- a nurse anesthetists and
- anesthesiologists
Spinal anaesthesia can be used in different surgical procedures such as Caesarea sections and to manage pain during vaginal delivery in MULTIGRAVID CLIENTS, which are those clients who has been pregnant more than once.
Caesarean section is usually done while the patient is awake with the use of spinal anaesthesia. Therefore it's important to explain any possible side effects from the drug to the patient which includes a severe type of headache called post-spinal headache and it's treatable.
Paulo makes the argument that the asteroid strike that likely contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs was a short-tem environmental change because it happened so quickly.
Which is the best analysis of Paulo’s position?
He is correct; it happened in just a few seconds.
He is correct; it did not cause any long-term changes.
He is incorrect; it caused long-term changes.
He is incorrect; impacts are not environmental changes.
Answer:
3rd one.
Explanation:
I would say that because after the immediate results of the impact, the dust and debris settled into the atmosphere, blocking out the sun and creating a nuclear winter of sorts. I'd say the winter killed more dinosaurs than the asteroid impact.
The best analysis of Paulo's position is: He is incorrect; impacts are not environmental changes and the correct option is option 4.
While the asteroid strike that likely contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs did happen relatively quickly in geological terms, it resulted in significant long-term changes to the environment. The impact caused a massive release of energy, triggering wildfires, tsunamis, and a global-scale dust cloud that blocked sunlight. These immediate effects had immediate and devastating consequences for many organisms.
Furthermore, the aftermath of the impact led to long-term changes in the environment. The dust cloud caused a decrease in sunlight, leading to a significant drop in temperature and disrupted photosynthesis. This, in turn, had cascading effects on the food chain and ecosystems. The loss of plant life and subsequent collapse of food webs had long-lasting impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
Thus, the ideal selection is option 4.
Learn more about Environmental changes, here:
https://brainly.com/question/28549893
#SPJ2
It is crucial to study ocean microbes because
Answer:
THEY CONTROL THE MAJOR BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES THAT KEEP EARTH'S BIOSPHERE IN BALANCE
Explanation:
Traditional ecological knowledge is A. rarely shared in local languages B. not well known in the West because some species and ecological interactions exist in only one place C. not useful in the contemporary world D. extremely valued by Westerners
Answer:
Option-C
Explanation:
Traditional ecological knowledge is the knowledge acquired and adapted by the local or native people living in a particular area.
The traditional knowledge is gained by the holistic approach of gaining the knowledge that is which benefits survival and increases the chances of well being.
The approach aims at learning by making direct contact with the surrounding environment, learning its ways, understanding the relationship between the various factors and then adapting to the condition and utilizing the available information.
The traditional way aims at looking at the environment in whole but the modern way of understanding the environment aim by learning the environment in the components.
The traditional knowledge is always shared by the local people in their local language but since the ideology of gaining the knowledge differ in both the ways and TEK is shared in local language therefore sometimes the knowledge does not prove useful in the contemporary world.
Thus, Option-C is correct.
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) is a body of understanding about ecosystems developed by Indigenous and local communities. It is transmitted orally through generations and is increasingly recognized by conservation biologists for its valuable contributions to sustainability and conservation outcomes.
Explanation:Traditional ecological knowledge, often abbreviated as TEK, refers to the comprehensive understanding of ecosystems that Indigenous and local communities accumulate over generations through direct contact with their environment. This experiential knowledge is passed down orally and is not solely focused on conservation, but it also informs sustainable practices that have been used for millennia. While traditional ecological knowledge may not be widely acknowledged in Western societies due to language barriers and geographic specificity, it is gaining recognition among conservation biologists for its invaluable contributions to understanding local ecosystems and species.
Moreover, TEK encompasses knowledge not just about the environment but also includes uses such as the treatment of maladies. It provides a valuable complement to scientific approaches, especially in areas where little scientific data exist. TEK can lead to conservation outcomes through practices that have evolved to sustainably manage local resources, such as the designation of sacred groves, and it shapes scientific methods in fields like regenerative agriculture and natural resource management.
What the difference between cathexis and arti-cathexis
Answer: the cathexis and anticathexis control how the id utilizes its energy. Cathexis refers to the id's dispersal of energy while the anticathexis serves to block inappropriate uses of this energy.
Explanation:
Answer:
According to the Freudian Theory of Drives
According to psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, the cathexis and anticathexis control how the id utilizes its energy. Cathexis refers to the id's dispersal of energy while the anticathexis serves to block inappropriate uses of this energy. Learn more about how this process works.
A venus fly trap has green leaves for photosynthesis as well as consumes insects. Explain how it has two roles in an ecosystem.
Answer:
Well, photosynthesis converts CO2 into Oxygen, so it helps in that way. Also, by eating insects and decomposing them, it also helps with the carbon cycle.
Hope this helps :)
Describe the reaction of metals by giving equation with :
1: acids
2: metal carbonates
3: metal oxides
Answer:
1. acid + metal --> salt + hydrogen
2. acid + metal carbonate ---> water + salt + carbon dioxide
3. acid + metal oxide --> salt + water
Explanation:
Match the organ or gland with the enzymes or secretions it releases. amylase peptidase lipase HCl bile A. pancreas B. small intestine C. stomach (chief cells) D. salivary glands E. liver F. stomach (parietal cells)
Answer:
Amylase- alpha amylase in salivary glands and pancreatic amylase in pancreas
peptidase - stomach (chief cells)
lipase - pancreas
HCl - (parietal cells)
bile - liver
Explanation:
Alpha-amylase which is an enzyme also known as ptyalin is produced in the salivary gland and found in the saliva helping in the first step in the hydrolysis of starch. The leftover starch molecules are further broken down by the pancreatic amylase produced in the pancreas. Peptidase is secreted in the chief cells of the stomach and they catalyze the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids. Lipase is produced from the pancreas and converts fats to fatty acids. HCl also produced in the stomach aids in the process of digestion in the stomach. Bile produced by the liver is involved in the emulsification of fats.
what does the immune system provide
Answer:
It provides you
Explanation:
Answer:
The immune system has a vital role: It protects your body from harmful substances, germs and cell changes that could make you ill. It is made up of various organs, cells and proteins
All of the cells in the human body contain the same genes. How do cells have different morphologies and functions when they contain the same genetic information? Different cell types express particular genes at different levels. Different cell types synthesize proteins at a different rate. Different cell types obtain different types of nutrients from their surroundings. Different cell types receive different paracrine signals.
Answer:
The correct answer is: Different cell types express particular genes at different levels.
Explanation:
The human body, as the complex multicellular eukaryotic organism that it is, has many types of cells that differ both in morphology and function. This diversity is not given by the genes they possess, because all cells have all of the DNA (except for particular cells like the red blood cells, which do not have nuclei).
The mechanism that makes these differences possible is gene expression. Gene expression refers to the process in which genes are "selected" from the whole genome to be translated into proteins. For this reason, a neuron differs from a hepatocyte: because it expresses different genes, which leads to different sets of proteins being synthesized in the cell, which of course will relate to the function and structure of the overall cell.
Gene expression can be regulated in many ways by making modifications directly to the DNA, the RNA or even the protein.
Answer:
The Correct Option is "Different cell types express particular genes at different levels"
Explanation:
Although the heritable makeup of every cell is comparable, they need precise levels of their organic phenomenon that is named as disparity appearance. There may be numerous causes for variance organic phenomenon either because of the encompassing atmosphere, quite signaling they acquire or the speed of fusion. But, in comprehensive expressions, it's known as completely differential factor that is liable for diverse morphology and performance of genetically like cells within the organic structure.
Tubular reabsorption: a) involves the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. b) involves the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid into the peritubular capillary blood. c) is considered to be active if any one of the steps of transepithelial transport is active. d) both [a] and [c] e) both [b] and [c]
Final answer:
Tubular reabsorption is the process where substances are transported from tubular fluid back into the peritubular capillary blood, primarily via active transport, which involves energy expenditure, such as the use of ATP.
Explanation:
Tubular reabsorption involves the movement of substances from tubular fluid into the peritubular capillary blood. During this process, substances such as water, electrolytes, and nutrients, which were previously filtered out of the blood and into the renal tubule, are moved back into the blood. Various transport mechanisms are involved in tubular reabsorption, including active transport, passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, co-transport, and endocytosis. Active transport is essential for substances like sodium (Na+), which is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), and then water follows due to osmotic pressure differences, facilitated by the presence of aquaporins. This results in reabsorption steps that can be classified as active if one of the transport mechanisms requires energy, such as ATP.
What are the Animal cells label?
Answer:Here they are.
Explanation:
Cell Membrane
The thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell. The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others.
Centrosome (Microtubule Organizing Center)
A small body located near the nucleus - it has a dense center and radiating tubules. The centrosomes is where microtubules are made. During cell division (mitosis), the centrosome divides and the two parts move to opposite sides of the dividing cell. The centriole is the dense center of the centrosome.
Cytoplasm
The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
Golgi body (Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Complex)
A flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. It produces the membranes that surround the lysosomes. The Golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for “export” from the cell.
Lysosome (Cell Vesicles)
Round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes. This is where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.
Mitochondrion
Spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell.
Nuclear Membrane
The membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
Nucleolus
An organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced. Some cells have more than one nucleolus.
Nucleus
Spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
Ribosome
Small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)
A vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell’s cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance. Rough ER transports materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacks called cisternae (which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane).
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)
A vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell’s cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). The space within the ER is called the ER lumen. Smooth ER transports materials through the cell. It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; smooth ER buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body, lysosomes, and membranes.
Vacuole
Fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell.
Answer:
cytoplasm
cell membrane
mitochondrion
chloroplast
ER
Nucleus
Golgi Apparatus
Nuclear Envelope
Ribosom
Lysosomes
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
How do the finches of the Galapagos Islands demonstrate evolution?
The finches adapted over time to better suit their environment that they were in -- the size and shape of their beaks changed as a result of natural selection.
What was the science of classification and naming organisms based on the different characteristics called?
Answer:
taxonomy
Explanation:
In the cell, newly made proteins move directly from the ribosomes into the rough what
In order for the synthesis of vitamin D to occur, a series of steps are necessary and any disruption in this process can result in a deficiency of vitamin D. With this in mind, choose the situations or conditions that could contribute to a vitamin D deficiency. Check all that apply.
O Limited or no use of sunscreen outdoors
Having a lighter skin pigmentation
Living in a region without a lot of sunlight
Having liver disease
Increased activation of vitamin D will result in absorption of calcium in the small intestine and risk of inadequate bone mineralization
Answer: Having liver disease
Living in a region without a lot of sunlight
Explanation:
Vitamin D is gotten from sunlight i.e the exposure of body to sunlight helps synthesis vitamins D. In area with low sunlight when the body
Cannot trap enough sunlight to produce vitamin D the body could have low vitamin D leading to its deficiency.
An impairment to the skin leads to an inability of the skin to synthesis it.
Vitamin D is transform to active for in the liver hence a damage to liver will lead to vitamin D deficiency.
Definitely include Ricket, softening of bone in adult.
Vitamin D deficiency can result from living in areas with limited sunlight, liver disease, and having a darker skin complexion. Limited use of sunscreen would not cause a deficiency. Increased vitamin D activation improves bone mineralization.
Explanation:The conditions that could contribute to a vitamin D deficiency include living in a region without a lot of sunlight, having liver disease, and having a darker skin pigmentation, which requires more UV exposure to synthesize the same amount of vitamin D compared to those with lighter skin. Limited or no use of sunscreen outdoors would typically not contribute to a deficiency and, in fact, might increase vitamin D production. Increased activation of vitamin D leads to the absorption of calcium in the small intestine and aids in bone mineralization, so this would not typically result in a deficiency or inadequate bone mineralization.
Select the true statements about the electron transport chain.
a) In the electron transport chain, a series of reactions moves electrons through carriers.
b) The products of the electron transport chain are H2O and either NAD or FAD.
c) The electron transport chain operates independently of other metabolic processes.
d) Coenzyme A is a component of the electron transport chain.
e) The electron transport chain is a series of oxidation-reduction reactions that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Answer:
The correct answers are options a) "In the electron transport chain, a series of reactions moves electrons through carriers", b) "The products of the electron transport chain are H2O and either NAD or FAD" and e) "The electron transport chain is a series of oxidation-reduction reactions that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane".
Explanation:
The electron transport chain is a series of redox reactions that make possible the transference of electrons along different carriers. These reactions take place in the inner mitochondrial membrane, with the main function of producing ATP by a proton pump that creates a proton gradient across the membrane. In addition to ATP, the products of the electron transport chain are H2O and either NAD or FAD, regenerating the NAD and FAD to be used in the citric acid cycle.
The true statements about the electron transport chain are that it involves a series of reactions that move electrons through carriers (Statement a) and that it consists of a series of oxidation-reduction reactions that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane (Statement e). The other statements are not entirely accurate.
Explanation:In order to unearth the true statements about the electron transport chain in biology, it's important to break down each statement.
a) The electron transport chain does indeed consist of a series of reactions that transfer electrons through various carriers. This is a step in the process of cellular respiration where energy is released from nutrients.
b) The products of the electron transport chain are water (H2O) and ATP, a molecule that stores energy. This is not entirely accurate, as the electron transport chain doesn't produce NAD or FAD directly.
c) The electron transport chain is not independent, it's actually a part of the larger metabolic process of cellular respiration.
d) Coenzyme A is not a component of the electron transport chain. It's rather involved in the Krebs Cycle.
e) The electron transport chain does take place in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it enables a series of oxidation-reduction reactions.
Thus, the correct statements about the electron transport chain are 'a' and 'e'.
Learn more about Electron transport chain here:https://brainly.com/question/24368622
#SPJ11
who discovered CRISPR-Cas9?
Answer:
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements concerning animal taxonomy is (are) TRUE? 1. Animals are more closely related to plants than to fungi. 2. All animal clades based on body plan have been found to be incorrect. 3. Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic. 4. Animals only reproduce sexually. 5. Animals are thought to have evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.
Answer - 3) Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic
5) Animals are thought to have evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.
Please mark brainliest..
Animal Kingdom comprises of eukaryotic, multicellular species of animals. Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic. Animals are evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.
What is Animal Kingdom?Animal Kingdom includes organisms from simplest forms to the complex ones. All animals here are multicellular, eukaryotic and almost every animal is having specialised cells.
Some characteristics of animal kingdom includes:
Animals are more closely related to fungi than to plants. Kingdom Animalia is monophyletic.Animals are evolved from flagellated protists similar to modern choanoflagellates.Animals have a unique feature namely, gastrulation.Thus, option 3 and 5 are correct.
For more information about Animal Kingdom, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14688752
A(n) ______ is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
The _________ is/are arranged sequentially after the promoter
A(n) ______ is a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place.
A(n) _______ codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.
Regulatory proteins bind to the ________ to control expression of the operon.
A(n) ______ is a protein that inhibits gene transcription. In prokaryotes, this protein binds to the DNA in or near the promoter.
A(n) ______ is a specific small molecule that binds to a bacterial regulatory protein and changes its shape so that it cannot bind to an operator, thus switching an operon on.
Answers:
A(n) operon is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
The Gene of an operon is arranged sequentially after the promoter
A(n) promoter is a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place.
A(n) regulatory gene codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.
Regulatory proteins bind to the operator to control expression of the operon.
A(n) repressor is a protein that inhibits gene transcription. In prokaryotes, this protein binds to the DNA in or near the promoter.
A(n) inducer is a specific small molecule that binds to a bacterial regulatory protein and changes its shape so that it cannot bind to an operator, thus switching an operon on.
Answer:
A(n) operon is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
The genes of an operon is/are arranged sequentially after the promoter.
A(n) promoter is a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place.
A(n) regulatory gene codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.
Regulatory proteins often bind to the operator to control expression of the operon.
A(n) repressor is a protein that inhibits gene transcription. In bacteria, this protein binds to the DNA in or near the promoter.
A(n) inducer is a specific small molecule that binds to a bacterial repressor protein and changes its shape so that it cannot bind to an operator, thus switching an operon on.
There are _____ possible codons using 4 letters with 3 letters per codon in any order. However, there are only 20 amino acids, and each codon "codes" for one amino acid. What does this mean?
Answer:
64 possible codons
Explanation:
hope it helps:)
There are 64 possible codons using 4 letters with 3 letters per codon. However, there are only 20 amino acids. This is due to the 'degeneracy' of the genetic code, where multiple codons can code for a single amino acid, providing a protection against mutations.
Explanation:There are 64 possible codons using 4 letters (A, T, G, C) with 3 letters per codon in any order. This is because there are 4 possibilities for each of the 3 positions in the codon (4 x 4 x 4 = 64). However, there are only 20 amino acids. The inequity comes from the fact that multiple codons can code for a single amino acid, a feature known as the 'degeneracy' of the genetic code. Some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, which is why there are more codons than amino acids. This redundancy in the genetic code serves as a protective mechanism against mutations, since changes in the third position of a codon often don't affect the amino acid that is produced.
Learn more about Codons and Genetic Code here:https://brainly.com/question/34717500
#SPJ3
In his study on canine cognition, Sherman guesses that German shepherds are more likely to find hidden objects than other breeds. After he collects his data, he finds that German Shepherds perform at the same rate as other breeds. In this scenario, Sherman is engaging in ____________
a. population estimation.b. inferential deduction.c. symbolic analysis.d. hypothesis testing.
Answer:
d. hypothesis testing.
Explanation:
Any experiment or study is preceded by a hypothesis. An experimenter forms a proposed explanation and then conducts the study to test it. Here, Sherman made a hypothesis that German shepherds are better than other breeds in finding hidden objects. To test this hypothesis he conducted the experiment and started to analyse the data. Thus, Sherman is engaging in hypothesis testing.as a sample of water turns to ice?
Answer:
As the liquid cools down, the amount of potential energy is reduced and the molecules start to move slower. When the water temperature reaches around 0°C, the molecules stick together and form a solid – ice.
In one day, a zebra eats 10 kg of grass. A lion kills and eats the zebra, How much of the energy contained in the grass is usable by the lion?
10 kg
5 kg
1 kg
0.1 kg
Answer:
0.1
Explanation:
Answer:
D.) 0.1 kg
Explanation:
Humans have the ability to change the characteristics, or traits, of organisms over time. What is this process called?
Answer:
I think the answer is Selective breeding and Artificial selection
Explanation:
Its what the document says in StemScopes
Have you ever heard that all dogs are related to wolves? For some dogs, such as huskies and German shepherds, the resemblance to wolves is quite striking. You can see how they may be related. But what about other dogs? Pugs look nothing like wolves. Neither do chihuahuas or toy poodles, yet these dogs are also related of the wolf. So how did we get from wolves to toy poodles? The answer is artificial selection. Humans change specific characteristics of organisms through selective breeding.
Hope this helps :D
Humans have the ability to change the characteristics, or traits, of organisms over time.The property is called as adaptation.
What is the nature's law of survival ?
It says that the one who is fit for the nature and has all the traits to survive in the tremendous conditions as well are the fittest to survive.
The adaptation of the organisms where the organisms are fit and live according to the tough conditions coming in the way of their survival are roped away by developing certain traits that are helping the organisms to get away from the troubles.
The adaptations for example the moths where the melanin pigment that is responsible for the coloration so that are safe from the attacks of the preys.
Learn more about adaptations at :
https://brainly.com/question/12534888
#SPJ2
How do seed plants lose water and how they prevents too much water for being lost ?
Seed plants lose water from the pores present in the leaves through transpiration and they prevent too much water from being lost by reducing the rate of transpiration.
What is Transpiration?Transpiration is the process of water movement and its loss through a plant and its evaporation from the different aerial parts, such as the leaves, stems, and flowers. Water is necessary for all the plants however only a small amount of water is taken up by the roots is actually used for the growth and metabolism of the plant.
Factors that are responsible for affecting the rate of transpiration include sunlight, temperature, wind, and humidity. Sunlight is the major factor during day time, stomata remain open to allow the diffusion of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen for photosynthesis. This leads to the increased loss of water from stomata of leaves.
Learn more about Transpiration here:
https://brainly.com/question/13891305
#SPJ6
A technique known as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is able to produce millions of copies of a DNA molecule in only a few hours. Which of the following cellular processes is PCR most similar to? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: (Choice A) A Translation (Choice B) B Replication (Choice C) C Transcription (Choice D) D Mitosis
Answer:
B. Replication
Explanation:
The process of replication is similar to the process of PCR which involves the production of many copies of DNA molecules. the process of replication is also a fundamental process in the cell. This process facilitates the production of a new copy of the DNA molecule which is to be transferred to each daughter cells after division.
What is the process of structural determination? What are the common techniques for structural determination?
Answer:
Explanation:
Structural determination is a process that use analytical technique to describe in detailed the three dimensional positional coordinates of the scattered centre in an ordered Crystal lattice.
The techniques used are;
X- Ray crystallography, it usese the X-ray diffraction pattern. The structures to be determined by this is first of undergo purification and crystallisation, it is then expose beam of X-ray, which then diffract. It provide detailed atomic information of the structure.
NMR spectroscopy is can be use to determine the structure of protein. The structure to be determined is first of all purified, it is then exposed to strong magnetic field and radio waves. This method supply detailed information of protein in solution.
3D Electron microscopy is used to determined the 3D structures of bigger macromolecules. It uses beam of electron and lenses to show the image of electrons directly.
Sort each of the following descriptions into the most appropriate bin based on whether it accurately describes a cofactor, a coenzyme, or a prosthetic group. (Not every answer may be used.)
- the heme group of catalase is an example of one of these
- a small molecule that an enzyme requires to function; can be amino-acid based, a metal, or an organic compound
- a metal, such as iron, that is not permanently associated with an enzyme may be an example of one of these
- a coenzyme that is permanently associated with an enzyme
- it is usually derived from vitamins
- a cofactor that has an organic component, but no amino acids
a small molecule that an enzyme requires to function; can be a metal or an organic compound
Enzymes require the help of helper molecules called cofactors and coenzymes. The heme group in catalase is an example of a prosthetic group, which is a coenzyme permanently associated with an enzyme. Cofactors can be amino-acid-based, metallic ions, or organic compounds.
Explanation:In biology, enzymes often require the help of non-protein molecules known as helper molecules, which include cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are inorganic ions such as iron and magnesium, while coenzymes are organic molecules derived from vitamins. The heme group of catalase is an example of a prosthetic group, which is a coenzyme that is permanently associated with an enzyme. A small molecule that an enzyme requires to function can be a cofactor, which can be amino-acid-based, a metal, or an organic compound.
Select the statements that are true for lactic acid fermentation carried out in muscle cells.
a. This process results in a net synthesis of NADH .
b. This process increases the pH in the muscle fibers.
c. This process is inhibited by ATP .
d. This process releases energy.
e. This process is inhibited by AMP .
Answer:
option a, c and d
Explanation:
In lactic acid fermentation, this process produces NADH, lactic acid and 2 ATP molecules. this process decreases the pH in the muscle fibers. If there is enough ATP in the fibers, the process is inhibited. and this process is stimulated to release energy in the absence of oxygen.
The statements that are true for lactic acid fermentation carried out in muscle cells are:
This process is inhibited by ATP.This process releases energy.Fermentation is an incomplete oxidation process that does not require oxygen to take place.
It is a catabolic process, that is, the transformation of complex molecules into simple molecules and the generation of chemical energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).
In fermentation, ATP synthesis is accomplished by phosphorylation at the substrate level, where the energy-rich phosphate bonds of a phosphorylated organic intermediate are transferred directly to ADP to synthesize ATP. Lactic fermentation consists of a partial oxidation of glucose, carried out by lactic bacteria or by muscle cells (when they run out of oxygen to breathe).Specifically, this process generates ATP but produces lactic acid as a by-product, which produces, when it accumulates, the painful sensation of muscle fatigue.Therefore, we can conclude that the statements that are true for lactic acid fermentation carried out in muscle cells are: this process is inhibited by ATP and releases energy.
Learn more here: https://brainly.com/question/6166623
How do plant and animal cells compare
Answer:
Plant cells have cell walls an are shaped more rectangular
Animal cells have circular shapes
Explanation:
You guys can add on I think I forgot some information
Answer:
Listed below are some similarities and differences!
Explanation:
Some similarities are:
They are both eukaryotic cellsThey both contain membrane-bound organelles (such as nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum)Both have similar membranes, cytosol, and cytoskeletal elements.Some differences are:
Animal cells are round, plant cells are rectangular (most of the time)Plant cells have rigid cell walls around the membrane, animal cells do not have a cell wall