Answer:
The concentration of hydronium ions in the solution is [tex]4.35\times 10^{-13} M[/tex].
Explanation:
Concentration of hydroxide ions = [tex][OH^-]=2.3\times 10^{-2}[/tex]
Concentration of hydroxide ions = [tex][H_3O^+]=?[/tex]
[tex]H_2O+H_2O\rightleftharpoons H_3O^++OH^-[/tex]
The ionic product of water is given as:
[tex]K_w=[H_3O^+][OH^-][/tex]
The value of ionic product of water, [tex]K_w=1\times 10^{-14}[/tex]
[tex]K_w=1\times 10^{-14}=[H_3O^+][OH^-][/tex]
[tex]1\times 10^{-14}=[H_3O^+]\times 2.3\times 10^{-2}M[/tex]
[tex][H_3O^+]=\frac{1\times 10^{-14}}{2.3\times 10^{-2}}=4.35\times 10^{-13} M[/tex]
The concentration of hydronium ions in the solution is [tex]4.35\times 10^{-13} M[/tex].
The concentration of hydronium, ion [H₃O⁺] in the solution containing 2.3×10⁻² M concentration of hydroxide ion, [OH⁻] is 4.35×10⁻¹³ M
How to determine the concentration of hydronium, ion [H₃O⁺]?The following data were obtained from the question given above:
Concentration of hydroxide ion, [OH⁻] = 2.3×10⁻² MConcentration of hydronium, ion [H₃O⁺] = ?[H₃O⁺] × [OH⁻] = 10¯¹⁴
[H₃O⁺] × 2.3×10⁻² = 10¯¹⁴
Divide both side by 2.3×10⁻²
[H₃O⁺] = 10¯¹⁴ / 2.3×10⁻²
= 4.35×10⁻¹³ M
Thus, we can conclude that the concentration of hydronium ion, [H₃O⁺] in the solution is 4.35×10⁻¹³ M
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Anthracene is a yellow, crystalline solid found in coal tar. complete this structure for anthracene, c14h10, by adding bonds and hydrogen atoms as necessary.what type of hybrid orbitals are utilized by carbon in anthracene?how many σ bonds and π bonds are there in an anthracene molecule? how many valence electrons occupy σ-bond orbitals and how many occupy π -bond orbitals?
Anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C₁₄H₁₀. The number of fused rings in Anthracene are three in number. This compound is colorful and is used in the formation of different dyes due to its property of deloclization of pi electrons. All the carbon atoms in Anthracene are sp² hybridized with a trigonal planar structure hence, the Anthracene is planar in nature.
Number of Sigma Bonds:
There are 26 sigma bonds (colored in Blue) in Anthracene among which 10 sigma bonds are between carbon and hydrogen atoms while the remaining are between the carbon atoms.
Number of Pi-Bonds:
There are 7 pi bonds in Anthracene (colored in red). All pi bonds are present between carbon and carbon atoms.
Number of Electrons in Sigma Bonds:
As one sigma bond is formed by 2 electrons hence, 26 sigma bonds will be formed by 52 electrons.
Number of Electrons in Pi Bonds:
As one pi bond is formed by the side wise overlap of two p orbitals hence one pi bond is formed by two electrons so, 7 pi bonds will be formed by 14 electrons.
The hybrid orbital that is utilized by the carbon in anthracene is [tex]\boxed{{\text{s}}{{\text{p}}^2}}[/tex] .
The anthracene molecule contains [tex]\boxed{{\mathbf{26}}{\text{ }}{\mathbf{sigma}}}[/tex] bonds and [tex]\boxed{{\mathbf{7}}{\text{ }}{\mathbf{\pi }}}[/tex] bonds.
The number of valence electrons in sigma orbital is [tex]\boxed{{\mathbf{52}}}[/tex] and pi-orbitals is [tex]\boxed{{\mathbf{14}}}[/tex] .
Further explanation:
The anthracene is a crystalline compound and it is yellow in color. It contains three fused rings of benzene thus it is a polyaromatic compound.it has a molecular formula [tex]{{\text{C}}_{{\text{14}}}}{{\text{H}}_{{\text{10}}}}[/tex].
Prediction of hybridization:
The hybridization can be determined by calculating the number of hybrid orbitals (X) which is to be formed by the atom. The formula to calculate the number of hybrid orbitals (X) as follows:
[tex]\boxed{{\text{X}}={\text{Number of bond pair}}+{\text{Number of lone pair}}}[/tex]
Here X is a steric number.
When X is 2 then hybridization is sp.
When X is 3 then hybridization is [tex]{\text{s}}{{\text{p}}^2}[/tex].
When X is 4 then hybridization is [tex]{\text{s}}{{\text{p}}^3}[/tex] .
The structure of anthracene is attached in the image.
Since all carbon atom in anthracene contains three bond pairs and no lone pair thus, the hybridization can be calculated as follows:
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{X}}&={\text{Number of bond pair}}+{\text{Number of lone pair}}\\&=3+0\\&=3\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The value of X is 3, therefore, the hybridization of each carbon in anthracene is [tex]{\text{s}}{{\text{p}}^2}[/tex]
The structure of anthracene contains 26 sigma bond and 7 pi bonds. (refer to the image attached).
The number of valance electron in sigma orbital is twice of the number of sigma bond present in the molecule because every sigma bond contains 2 electrons.
[tex]{\text{Valence electron in sigma orbital}} = 2\left({{\text{sigma bond}}}\right)[/tex]
In anthracene, number of sigma bond is 26, therefore,
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Valence electron in sigma orbital}}&=2\left({{\text{sigma bond}}}\right)\\&=2\left({{\text{26}}}\right)\\&=52\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The number of valance electron present in pi-orbital is twice of the number of pi bond present in the molecule because every pi-bond contains 2 electrons.
[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{Valence electron in }\pi\text{-orbital}&=2(\pi\text{-bond})\end{aligned}[/tex]
In anthracene, number of pi bond is 7, therefore,
[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{Valence electron in }\pi\text{-orbital}&=2(\pi\text{-bond})\\&=2(7)\\&=14\end{aligned}[/tex]
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior school
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Covalent bonding
Keywords: Anthracene, yellow crystalline, coal tar, structure of anthracene, C14H10, hybrid orbitals.
In which set are the substances arranged in order of decreasing solubility in water? (a) (c) al(oh)3 > mg(oh)2 > naoh cac03 > nahc03 > na2c03 (b) (d) bas04 > cas04 > mgs04 agcl > agbr > agl?
What is the change in atomic mass when an atom emits an alpha particle? A. decreases by 2 B. decreases by 1 C. decreases by 4 D. remains the same
a section of the periodic table is shown below which of the following statements is true?
Identify the three ingredients used in a blast furnace to make pig iron.
The three ingredients used in a blast furnace to make pig iron are roasted ore, coke, and limestone.
Explanation:In a blast furnace, the three ingredients used to make pig iron are:
Roasted Ore: The iron ore is heated in air to remove water and convert sulfides into oxides.Coke: This is a fuel made by heating coal in the absence of air. It provides the high temperature required for the reduction reactions.Limestone: Impure calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is added to remove impurities and form s_lag.The combination of these three ingredients undergoes various reactions in different temperature zones of the blast furnace, resulting in the production of molten iron and s_lag.
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You adjust the temperature so that a sound wave travels more quickly through the air. You increase the temperature from 30°C to 36°C. What's the velocity of the sound wave at this new temperature? A. 335.6 m/s B. 352.6 m/s C. 344.0 m/s D. 350.0 m/s
Twice bill's number added to 17 is 7. What is his number
Does the structure below exhibit geometric isomerism? ch3 tally1 ch3― c ―ch═ch―ch3 tally1 ch3
It is found that doubling the concentration of a quadruples the reaction rate and tripling the concentration of b triples the reaction rate. what is the overall order of the reaction?
The reaction is second order with respect to reactant A and first order with respect to reactant B, giving an overall reaction order of 3.
To determine the overall order of a reaction, we need to find the individual orders with respect to each reactant.
1. Doubling the concentration of reactant A increases the reaction rate by a factor of four. This indicates that the reaction is second order with respect to A, because 2² = 4.
2. Tripling the concentration of reactant B increases the reaction rate by a factor of three. This means the reaction is first order with respect to B, because 3¹ = 3.
Therefore, the overall order of the reaction is the sum of the orders with respect to each reactant:
Order with respect to A: 2Order with respect to B: 1The overall order = 2 + 1 = 3.
The ______________of matter depends upon how close the individual particles are together. A) identity B) mass C) state D) temperature
Answer:
State
Explanation:
The state of matter depends on the closeness of the particles. Gases have particles that are very far apart and solids are close together. This is determined by the strength of attraction of these particles to one another.
Which equilibrium reaction will experience a shift towards the products in equilibrium position when the concentration of ni2+ is increased? view available hint(s) which equilibrium reaction will experience a shift towards the products in equilibrium position when the concentration of is increased? ni2+(aq)+6nh3(aq)⇌[ni(nh3)6]2+ [ni(h2o)6]2+(aq)+3en(aq)⇌[ni(en)3]2+(aq)+6nh3(aq) ni(oh)2(s)⇌ni2+(aq)+2oh−(aq) nis(s)⇌ni2+(aq)+s2−(aq)?
Answer is
Ni²⁺(aq)
+ 6NH₃(aq)
⇌ [Ni(NH₃)₆]²⁺
The molecular mass of methyl ethanoate is 75.1 amu . calculate the molecular mass of propanoic acid, an isomer of methyl ethanoate. express your answer with the appropriate units.
Final answer:
The molecular mass of propanoic acid, an isomer of methyl ethanoate, is 74.09 amu, calculated by the sum of atomic masses of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in its molecular formula, C3H6O2.
Explanation:
To calculate the molecular mass of propanoic acid, an isomer of methyl ethanoate, we need to first understand that isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures, and hence, the same molecular mass. Propanoic acid's molecular formula is C3H6O2. Using the atomic masses of carbon (12.01 amu), hydrogen (1.01 amu), and oxygen (16.00 amu), we calculate the molecular mass as follows:
(3 × 12.01 amu) + (6 × 1.01 amu) + (2 × 16.00 amu) = 36.03 amu + 6.06 amu + 32.00 amu = 74.09 amu
Therefore, the molecular mass of propanoic acid is 74.09 amu.
A 5.018 gram sample of a certain hydrate of magnesium sulfate, mgso4•xh2o, is heated until all the water is driven off. the resulting anhydrous compound weighs 2.449 grams. what is the formula of the hydrate?
What is the consequence of deforestation?
Answer:
The consequence of deforestation is discussed below.
Explanation:
One of the outcomes of deforestation is a waste of biodiversity. Deforestation also improves greenhouse gas discharges, disturbs the water series, improves soil erosion and reduces the physical attraction of a region.deforestation causes the Decline of nutrients in the clay that are obtained from the categorization of tree petals.At 350°c, keq = 1.67 × 10-2 for the reversible reaction 2hi (g) ⇌ h2 (g) + i2 (g). what is the concentration of hi at equilibrium if [ h2 ] is 2.44 × 10-3 m and [ i2 ] is 7.18 × 10-5 m?
The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction 2HI (g) ⇌ H₂ (g) + I₂ (g) and given concentrations of H₂ and I₂ , we calculated the concentration of HI at equilibrium to be approximately 3.24 × 10⁻³ M. We used the equilibrium constant Keq = 1.67 × 10⁻² to solve for [HI].
To find the concentration of HI at equilibrium for the reaction 2HI (g) ⇌ H₂. (g) + I₂ (g) given Keq, [H₂] and [I₂], we can use the equilibrium constant expression:
Keq = [H2][I₂] / [HI]₂Given data:
Keq = 1.67 × 10⁻²[H₂] = 2.44 × 10⁻³M[I₂] = 7.18 × 10⁻⁵ MPlug these values into the equilibrium expression and solve for [HI]:
Keq = [H₂][I₂] / [HI]₂1.67 × 10⁻² = (2.44 × 10⁻³)(7.18 × 10⁻⁵) / [HI]₂First, calculate the numerator:
(2.44 × 10⁻³)(7.18 × 10⁻⁵) = 1.75192 × 10⁻⁷Now plug this back into the equation:
1.67 × 10⁻² = 1.75192 × 10⁻⁷ / [HI]₂Solving for [HI]₂ :
[HI]₂ = 1.75192 × 10⁻⁷ / 1.67 × 10⁻² ≈ 1.0496 × 10⁻⁵Taking the square root to find [HI]:
[HI] = √(1.0496 × 10⁻⁵) ≈ 3.24 × 10⁻³ M
Correct question is: At 350°C , keq = 1.67 × 10⁻² for the reversible reaction 2HI (g) ⇌ H₂ (g) + I₂ (g). what is the concentration of hi at equilibrium if [ H₂ ] is 2.44 × 10⁻³ m and [ I₂ ] is 7.18 × 10⁻⁵ m?
The half life of carbon is 5700 years. if you started with 100g of carbon 14 how much would remain after 4 half lives
QUICK TIMES RUNNING OUT!
What method could you use to seperate oil from water? Remember that the both must still remain, they just have to be seperated.
In a future hydrogen-fuel economy, the cheapest source of h2 will certainly be water. it takes 467 kj to produce 1 mol of h atoms from water. what is the frequency, wavelength, and minimum energy of a photon that can free an h atom from water? enter your answers in scientific notation.
The minimum energy of a photon that can produce one hydrogen atom from water is [tex]\boxed{7.755 \times {{10}^{ - 19}}{\text{ J}}}[/tex]
The frequency of the photon is [tex]\boxed{1.17 \times {{10}^{15}}{\text{ }}{{\text{s}}^{ - 1}}}[/tex].
The wavelength of the photon is [tex]\boxed{2.563 \times {{10}^{ - 7}}{\text{ m}}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
Frequency[tex]\left( \nu \right)[/tex] is defined as number of times n event occurs in unit time. It is generally applied to waves including light, sound, and radio waves. It is denoted by [tex]{\nu }}[/tex] and its SI unit is Hertz (Hz).
Wavelength is the characteristic property of a wave. It is defined as the distance between two successive crests or troughs. A crest is that point where there is maximum displacement of the medium whereas trough is a point that has minimum displacement of the medium. It is represented by [tex]\lambda[/tex] and its SI unit is meter (m).
First, the energy required to produce one hydrogen atom in joule can be calculated as follows:
[tex]E\left({\text{J}}\right)=\frac{{E\left( {{\text{kJ}}}\right)\times\left({\frac{{{{10}^3}{\text{ J}}}}{{{\text{kJ}}}}}\right)}}{{{{\text{N}}_{\text{A}}}}}[/tex] …… (1)
Here, [tex]{{\text{N}}_{\text{A}}}[/tex] is an Avogadro's number and has a value [tex]6.022 \times {10^{23}}{\text{ mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}[/tex].
Substitute [tex]467{\text{ kJ/mol}}[/tex] for [tex]E\left( {{\text{kJ}}} \right)[/tex] and [tex]6.022 \times {10^{23}}{\text{ mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}[/tex] for [tex]{{\text{N}}_{\text{A}}}[/tex] in equation (1).
[tex]\begin{aligned}E\left( {\text{J}} \right)&=\frac{{\left({467{\text{ kJ/mol}}} \right) \times \left( {\frac{{{{10}^3}{\text{ J}}}}{{{\text{kJ}}}}}\right)}}{{6.022\times {{10}^{23}}{\text{ mo}}{{\text{l}}^{-1}}}}\\&=7.755\times{10^{-19}}{\text{ J}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Thus the energy of a photon that can free one atom of hydrogen is [tex]7.755 \times {10^{ - 19}}{\text{ J}}[/tex].
The expression of frequency and energy is as follows:
[tex]E=hv[/tex] …… (2)
Here, [tex]v[/tex] is a frequency of photon and h is a Plank’s constant and has a value [tex]\left({6.626\times{{10}^{-34}}{\text{ Js}}}\right)[/tex].
Rearrange equation (2) to calculate the frequency of the photon as follows:
[tex]v=\frac{E}{h}[/tex] …… (3)
Substitute [tex]6.626\times{10^{-34}}{\text{ J}}\cdot{\text{s}}[/tex] for h and [tex]7.755 \times {10^{-19}}{\text{ J}}[/tex] for E in equation (3).
[tex]\begin{aligned}v&=\frac{{7.755\times{{10}^{-19}}{\text{ J}}}}{{6.626\times{{10}^{-34}}{\text{ Js}}}}\\&=1.17\times{10^{15}}{\text{}}{{\text{s}}^{-1}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Thus the frequency of photon is [tex]1.17\times{10^{15}}{\text{}}{{\text{s}}^{-1}}[/tex].
The expression to calculate the wavelength from energy of the photon is as follows:
[tex]E = \frac{{h{\text{c}}}}{{\lambda }}}[/tex] …… (4)
Here [tex]{\lambda }}[/tex] is a wavelength of a photon and c is a speed of light.
Rearrange equation (4) to calculate wavelength of the photon as follows:
[tex]{\lambda }}=\frac{{h{\text{c}}}}{E}[/tex] …… (5)
Substitute [tex]6.626 \times {10^{ - 34}}{\text{ J}} \cdot {\text{s}}[/tex] for h, [tex]3.0 \times {10^8}{\text{ m/s}}[/tex] for c and [tex]7.755 \times {10^{ - 19}}{\text{ J}}[/tex] for E in equation (5).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\lambda}}=\frac{{\left({6.626\times {{10}^{-34}}{\text{ J}}\cdot {\text{s}}} \right)\left( {3.0 \times {{10}^8}{\text{ m/s}}}\right)}}{{\left({7.755\times {{10}^{ - 19}}{\text{ J}}} \right)}}\\=2.563\times {10^{-7}}{\text{m}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Hence wavelength of the photon is equal to [tex]2.563 \times {10^{ - 7}}{\text{ m}}[/tex].
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Structure of atom
Keywords: Hydrogen atom, cheapest source of h2, 467 kj, 1 mol of h atom, frequency wavelength.
) what is the mass percent of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.9 grams of an unknown solid into 39.5 grams of water?
Answer:
32.4%
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Mass of the solute = 18.9 g
Mass of the solvent = 39.5 g
Mass of the solution = Mass of the solute + Mass of the solvent = 58.4 g
Step 2: Calculate the mass percent of the solute in the solution
We use the following expression.
[tex]\% m/m =\frac{mass\ of\ the\ solute}{mass\ of\ the\ solution} \times 100\%=\frac{18.9g}{58.4g} \times 100\% =32.4\%[/tex]
The equilibrium concentrations were found to be [br2] = 2.2 × 10−3 m, [cl2] = 3.0 × 10−2 m, and [brcl] = 1.5 × 10−2 m. write the equilibrium expression, and calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at this temperature.
Which state of matter is most likely represented in the diagram shown below?
A square is shown with the title State of Matter. An array of circles arranged neatly in rows and columns is shown. Tiny single arcs are shown near some circles near the outer edge of the array
Gas
Solid
Liquid
Plasma
its defiantly a solid, because the particles are packed in close together and it has a definite shape and volume. water is lose and not packed in like this. and with gas, the particles would juts fly everywhere and plasma is electricity and a wild card. so its definitely a solid, trust me
HELPPPP PLEASE ASAP!!!
For a solution with an [oh−] of 10−8 m, what would be the value of [h+] , ph and poh, respectively? 1. 106 m, 6, 8 2. 10−6 m, 6, 8 3. 10−6 m, 8, 6 4. 10−14 m, 6, 8 5. 10−6 m, 6, 14 6. 10−14 m, 8, 6
Our good friend and pseudo scientist, homer simpson, attempts to analyze 300 mg of an unknown compound containing only c and h by burning it in excess oxygen. 540 mg of h2o is produced. you may assume that all the hydrogen in the compound ended up as water.
Some chemical reactions can proceed in just one direction . True or False ?
Calculate the number of moles of magnesium, chlorine, and oxygen atoms in 7.80 moles of magnesium perchlorate, Mg(ClO4)2.
In 7.80 moles of magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO4)2), there are approximately 7.80 moles of magnesium atoms, 15.60 moles of chlorine atoms, and 31.20 moles of oxygen atoms.
Magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO4)2) consists of one magnesium (Mg) atom, two chlorine (Cl) atoms, and eight oxygen (O) atoms per formula unit. To calculate the number of moles of each element in 7.80 moles of magnesium perchlorate, you can use the mole ratios from the chemical formula.
First, you have 7.80 moles of the entire compound. Since there is one magnesium atom in each formula unit, there are also 7.80 moles of magnesium atoms. Similarly, as there are two chlorine atoms in each formula unit, you have 2 * 7.80 = 15.60 moles of chlorine atoms. Lastly, since there are eight oxygen atoms in each formula unit, there are 8 * 7.80 = 62.40 moles of oxygen atoms. So, in 7.80 moles of magnesium perchlorate, you have approximately 7.80 moles of magnesium atoms, 15.60 moles of chlorine atoms, and 31.20 moles of oxygen atoms.
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The process by which complex compounds are decomposed by living systems is called
fermentation
distillation
oxidation
reduction
What is the noble gas configuration for silicon? [Ne] 3s2 3p1 [Ar] 4s1 [Kr] 5s1 [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Answer: The noble gas notation for silicon atom is [tex][Ne]3s^23p^2[/tex]
Explanation:
Noble gas notation is defined as the notation in which the configuration of an atom is written in terms of previous noble gas.
Silicon is the 14th element of the periodic table having 14 electrons.
The nearest noble gas to this element is neon.
So, the noble gas notation for silicon atom = [tex][Ne]3s^23p^2[/tex]
Write a balanced equation to show the reaction of gaseous ethane,c2h6 with gaseous oxygen to form carbon monoxide gas,co, and water vapor
Answer: The balanced chemical equation is written below.
Explanation:
Combustion reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water molecule.
If supply of oxygen gas is limited, it is known as incomplete combustion and carbon monoxide gas is also produced as a product.
The chemical equation for this reaction of ethene and oxygen gas follows:
[tex]2C_2H_6+5O_2\rightarrow 4CO+6H_2O[/tex]
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of ethene gas reacts with 5 moles of oxygen gas to produce 4 moles of carbon monoxide gas and 6 moles of water vapor.
Hence, the balanced chemical equation is written above.
The simplest substances on Earth are called ________.
A. compounds
B. elements
C. solutions
D. molecules