a) What is the maximum number of grams of nickel bromide that can be produced from the reaction of 67.8 g of nickel with 37.3 g of bromine?
b) Which reactant is in excess and what mass of this reactant is left over?
______ Ni + _______ Br2 _______ NiBr2





Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The answer to your question is a) 51.07 g of NiBr₂   b) Nickel, 54 g

Explanation:

Data

mass of NiBr₂ = ?

mass if Ni = 67.8 g

mass of Br = 37.3 g

Balanced chemical reaction

                Ni  +  Br₂   ⇒   NiBr₂

Process

1.- Find the atomic mass of the reactants and the molar mass of the product

Ni = 59 g

Br = 79.9 x 2 = 159.8 g

NiBr₂ = 59 + 159.8 = 218.8 g

2.- Find the limiting reactant

theoretical yield  Ni/Br₂ = 59/159.8 = 0.369

experimental yield Ni/Br₂ = 67.8/37.3 = 1.81

The limiting reactant is Bromine because the experimental yield was lower than the theoretical yield.

3.- Calculate the mass of NiBr₂

                    159.8 g of Br₂ --------------- 218.8 g of NiBr₂

                      37.3 g of Br₂ --------------  x

                          x = (37.3 x 218.8) / 159.8

                          x = 8161.24/159.8

                          x = 51.07 g of NiBr₂

4.- Find the excess reactant

The excess reactant is Nickel

                59 g of Ni ---------------- 159.8 g of Br₂

                  x               ----------------  37.3 g of Br₂

                            x = (37.3 x 59)/159.8

                            x = 2200.7/159.8

                            x = 13.77 g of Ni

Excess Ni = 67.8 - 13.77

                 = 54 g

Answer 2

Final answer:

The maximum number of grams of nickel bromide that can be produced is 50.911 grams. Bromine is the limiting reactant, and there will be 54.124 grams of excess nickel left over after the reaction.

Explanation:

To determine the maximum number of grams of nickel bromide (NiBr₂) that can be produced from 67.8 g of nickel (Ni) and 37.3 g of bromine (Br₂), we first need to write the balanced chemical equation: Ni + Br₂ → NiBr₂

Next, we calculate the molar mass of nickel (Ni) as approximately 58.69 g/mol and bromine (Br₂) as approximately 159.808 g/mol. Using these values, we convert the given masses of nickel and bromine to moles.

67.8 g Ni × (1 mol Ni / 58.69 g Ni) = 1.155 moles Ni
37.3 g Br₂ × (1 mol Br₂ / 159.808 g Br₂) = 0.233 moles Br₂

The balanced equation shows a 1:1 molar ratio between Ni and Br₂; therefore, the limiting reactant is the one with fewer moles. In this case, Br₂ is the limiting reactant since 0.233 moles Br₂ is less than 1.155 moles Ni. To calculate the maximum mass of NiBr₂ produced, we use the molar mass of NiBr₂ (approximately 218.498 g/mol):

0.233 moles Br₂ × (1 mol NiBr₂ / 1 mol Br₂) × (218.498 g NiBr₂ / 1 mol NiBr₂) = 50.911 grams NiBr₂

Nickel is in excess, and to find the excess mass, we calculate how much Ni is used to react with all the Br₂:

0.233 moles Br₂ × (1 mol Ni / 1 mol Br₂) × (58.69 g Ni / 1 mol Ni) = 13.676 grams Ni used

Subtracting the amount of Ni used from the original mass gives us the excess mass of Ni:

67.8 g Ni - 13.676 g Ni used = 54.124 grams Ni left over


Related Questions

why does a balloon expand when you add air to it

Answers

Answer:

Air molecules collide into the balloon with the same energy inside and outside the balloon. These molecules now collide into the balloon with more energy resulting in increased pressure. The increased pressure causes the balloon to expand.

Explanation:

Answered by -cutecrazy448 - Mariah Malave

Brainlys accepted

Got Questions? ask away in the comments

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + MgCl2 (aq)
A:
Moles Mg: 0.050
Moles HCl: 0.050

Mass of Hydrogen gas and the limiting reactant

Answers

Mass of hydrogen gas formed from the given reaction is 0.05 grams and the limiting reactant is HCl.

Explanation:

Data given:

moles of Mg = 0.050 moles

moles of HCl = 0.050 moles

mass of hydrogen gas formed =?

atomic mass of hydrogen gas = 2 grams/mole

limiting reactant = ?

Balanced chemical equation is given by:

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + Mg[tex]Cl_{2}[/tex] (aq)

from the reaction let us deduce the limiting reagent as

1 mole of Mg gave 1 mole of hydrogen gas

0.050 moles will give 0.050 moles of hydrogen gas

mass of hydrogen gas  = atomic mass x number of moles

mass of hydrogen gas = 2 x 0.050

                                       = 0.1 grams of hydrogen gas produced.

Now from 2 moles of HCl 1 mole of hydrogen gas is formed

so, 0.050 moles of HCl will give x moles of hydrogen gas

[tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x}{0.050}[/tex]

2x = 0.050

x = 0.025 moles

mass of hydrogen gas  = atomic mass x number of moles

mass of hydrogen gas  = 0.025 x 2

                                      = 0.05 grams

mass = atomic mass x number of moles

The limiting reactant is HCl as it produced less amount of product after getting fully consumed in the reaction.

the product formed depends on the limiting reagent and the value is 0.05 grams.

Final answer:

To determine the mass of hydrogen gas and the limiting reactant in the given reaction, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.

Explanation:

The reaction given is:

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + MgCl2 (aq)

To determine the mass of hydrogen gas produced and the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.

Moles of Mg = 0.050 mol

Moles of HCl = 0.050 mol

Since the reaction ratio is 1:1 between Mg and H2, the moles of H2 produced is also 0.050 mol. To calculate the mass of hydrogen gas, we can use the molar mass of H2 which is 2 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of hydrogen gas produced is:

Mass of H2 = Moles of H2 × Molar mass of H2 = 0.050 mol × 2 g/mol = 0.100 g

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is fully consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed. In this case, since both Mg and HCl have the same number of moles and both are fully consumed, neither is the limiting reactant.

in a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?

Answers

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Nitroglycerine (C₃H₅N₃O₉) explodes with tremendous force due to the numerous gaseous products. The equation for the explosion of Nitroglycerine is:

[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]

A scientist conducts an experiment to characterize a bomb containing nitroglycerine. She uses a steel, ridge container for the test.

Volume of rigid steel container: 1.00 L

Molar mass of Nitroglycerine: 227 g/mol

Temperature: 300 K

Amount of Nitroglycerine tested: 227 g

Value for ideal gas constant, R: 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K

In a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?

Answer : The partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of }C_3H_5N_3O_9=\frac{\text{Given mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}{\text{Molar mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}=\frac{227g}{227g/mol}=1mol[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the moles of [tex]CO_2,O_2,N_2\text{ and }H_2O[/tex]

The balanced chemical reaction is:

[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]

From the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 12 moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{12}{4}=3[/tex] moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 1 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{1}{4}=0.25[/tex] moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 6 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{6}{4}=1.5[/tex] moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 10 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{10}{4}=2.5[/tex] moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of water.

[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Moles of }H_2O}{\text{Moles of }H_2O+\text{Moles of }CO_2+\text{Moles of }O_2+\text{Moles of }N_2}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{2.5}{2.5+3+0.25+1.5}=0.345[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the partial pressure of the water vapor.

According to the Raoult's law,

[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]

where,

[tex]p_{H_2O}[/tex] = partial pressure of water vapor gas  = ?

[tex]p_T[/tex] = total pressure of gas  = 58 atm

[tex]X_{H_2O}[/tex] = mole fraction of water vapor gas  = 0.345

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]

[tex]p_{H_2O}=0.345\times 58atm=20.01atm[/tex]

Therefore, the partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

The partial pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture, depends on the mole

fraction of the gas and the pressure exerted by the mixture.

The partial pressure  of H₂O is 20 atm.

Reasons:

Given parameters are;

Explosion equation is 4C₃H₅N₃O₉ → 12CO₂(g) + O₂(g) + 6N₂(g) + 10H₂O(g)

Amount of nitroglycerine = 227 g

Molar mass of nitroglycerine = 227 g/mol

Required:

Partial pressure of the water vapor

Solution:

Number of moles of nitroglycerine in the reaction = 1 mole

Therefore;

Number of moles of CO₂ = 12/4 = 3 moles

Number of moles of O₂ = 0.25 moles

Number of nitrogen, N = 1.5 moles

Number of moles of H₂O = 2.5 moles

[tex]Mole \ fraction \ of \ H_2O, \ X_{H_2O} = \dfrac{2.5}{2.5 + 1.5 + 0.25 + 3} = \dfrac{10}{29}[/tex]

According to Raoults law, we have;

The partial pressure of H₂O = [tex]X_{H_2O} \times P_[/tex]

Therefore,  partial pressure  of H₂O = [tex]\dfrac{10}{29} \times 58[/tex] = 20 atm.

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Multiple Choice:
After a metal object turns to dust (rust), it would have
high entropy
low entropy
no entropy
Question #9

Answers

Answer: High entropy.

Explanation

What is the concentration of a nitiric acid (HNO3) solution if 100.0ml of 0.50M NaOH are needed to neutralize 40.0ml of the nitric acid solution?

Answers

Answer 0,36 M

Hello!

The general chemical equation for the neutralization of an acid HA with NaOH is the following:

HA(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaA(aq) + H₂O(l)

For determining the concentration of the acid solution, we can use the equation shown below:

So, the concentration of the Acid is 0,36 M

Have a nice day

Explanation:

A molecule containing a central atom with sp hybridization has a(n) ________ electron geometry. A molecule containing a central atom with sp hybridization has a(n) ________ electron geometry. square planar trigonal pyramidal octahedral linear bent

Answers

Answer:

Linear electron geometry.

Explanation:

There is classification of the geometrical shapes of the molecule or electrons according to the hybridization status of the central atom. If the central atom is 'sp hybridized' then the molecular geometry should be linear. All the other options are for sp2 and sp3 hybridization.

Classify the carbohydrate tagatose by both the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms. There is a Fischer projection for D-tagatose. The carbon chain is depicted vertically, with a CH2OH group bonded to a CO group at the top and a CH2OH group at the bottom, while the three remaining carbon atoms are represented by the center of crossing lines. The tagatose molecule has all hydroxyls but the third one (from top to bottom) on the left and hydrogens opposite to them.

Answers

Final answer:

Tagatose is a ketohexose, a type of carbohydrate with a ketone group in the middle of its six-carbon chain and considered to be a D-sugar due its hydroxyl group orientation on the fifth carbon.

Explanation:

The carbohydrate tagatose can be classified by both the type of carbonyl group present and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Since tagatose has a carbonyl group in the middle of the carbon chain, it is classified as a ketose. Furthermore, because tagatose has six carbon atoms, it is called a hexose.

In the Fischer projection of D-tagatose, the presence of the carbonyl group linked to two other carbon atoms indicates that it is a ketonic sugar, hence a ketose. Additionally, since the molecule is a six-carbon sugar, it can further be categorized as a hexose. The D- configuration designation comes from the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the fifth carbon, and in the case of D-tagatose, this group is positioned on the right, confirming its D-configuration.

Which bicylic compounds are unstable at room temperature?

Answers

Answer:

the compounds are:

Chlorine Trifluoride (CLF3)

Substance N (another way to call CLF3)

Azido Azide Azide (C2N14)

Explanation:

The instability of the C2N14 is beyond our handling capabilities. Minor tests of load and friction led to explosive decomposition.

This is the most explosive compound known, ironically two nitrogen atoms linked with a triple covalent bond is the most stable molecule, but in the case of Azido Azide Azide none of its 14 nitrogen atoms is linked by a triple bond, which makes it very unstable.

Substance N in 1930 was a new compound was discovered by Ruff and Krug in Germany. It was too volatile, so it was ignored, until a few years after it sparked interest in Nazi scientists. They named the compound substance n and it showed very particular properties:

· Boils at room temperature and produces toxic gas

· If the gas is ignited it burns at more than 2,400 degrees Celsius

· Explodes on contact with water

· If combined with coal it forms an explosive that detonates on contact with anything else

Seeing these properties and that substance n was so good at setting fire to things that were not flammable like glass or sand the Germans decided to use it.

It is a colorless gas or a highly reactive white solid with a sweet, suffocating odor. It is transported as a greenish-yellow liquid.

It is used in rocket boosters and in the processing of fuels for atomic reactors.

Answer:

Explanation:

solution is stated in the attached document

Help me plsssssssssssssssssss

Answers

What’s the question? I will try my best to help you though

Answer:

Indoplasmic reticulum:Trasport nutriens from one part of the cell to the other.

Golgi body:Collect simple chemicals in the cell and assembles them into large,complex structures such as proteins.

Mitochondrion:Responsible for generating energy for the cell using a variety of substances.

Ribosome:Act as a site for protein synthesis.

1. What is the temperature in °C if 1.32 moles of a gas that occupies.35 L at a
pressure of 1.06 atm?

Answers

-269.65 °C is the temperature in °C if 1.32 moles of a gas that occupies.35 L at a  pressure of 1.06 atm.

Explanation:

Data given:

number of moles of the gas, n = 1.32

volume of the gas, V = 0.35 litres

pressure of the gas, P = 1.06 atm

temperature, T =?

R (gas constant) = 0.0821 L atm/mole K

Applying the equation for the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

rearranging the equation:

T = [tex]\frac{PV}{nR}[/tex]

putting the values in the equation:

T =     [tex]\frac{0.35 X 1.06 }{0.0821 X 1.32}[/tex]

T = 3.5  K

since the unit of temperature obtained is in degrees the temperature in Kelvin is -269.65 degrees. As 0 Kelvin = -273.15 celsius

formula is K -273.15

So,

3.5 - 273.15

= -269.65 celsius

A scientist makes a solution that contains 80 g of sugar per 200 ml of solution. What is the concentration that describes the solution

Answers

Answer:

40,000g/L

Explanation:

please like, rate and mark as brainliest

By definition, the concentration that describes the solution is 400 [tex]\frac{grams}{L}[/tex].

Solute and solvent are two components of a solution. The solute is the substance (solid, liquid, or gas) that dissolves in the solvent to produce a homogeneous mixture known as a solution.

In the solution, the solute is usually found in a lower proportion than the solvent, while generally, the solvent is the component that is found in the greater proportion in the solution.

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute (dissolved substance) in an amount of solvent or solution.

There are different ways to express the concentration of a solution.

In this case, the mass of solute per volume of solution is a measure of concentration that is determined by dividing the mass in grams of the solute present in the solution sample by the volume of the sample.

In this case, the solution contains 80 g of sugar per 200 ml (0.2 L, being 1000 mL= 1 L) of solution. Then, the mass of solute per volume of solution can be calculated as:

[tex]mass of solute per volume=\frac{80 grams}{0.2 L}[/tex]

Solving:

[tex]mass of solute per volume=400\frac{ grams}{ L}[/tex]

Finally, the concentration that describes the solution is 400 [tex]\frac{grams}{L}[/tex].

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What causes asteroids meteoroids and comets to orbit the sun

Answers

Final answer:

Gravity causes asteroids, meteoroids, and comets to orbit the Sun. Comets, made of ice and dust, become visible near the Sun when ices evaporate, forming a coma and tail. Asteroids and meteoroids mostly remain in stable orbits unless they collide or are influenced by larger celestial bodies.

Explanation:

The force that causes asteroids, meteoroids, and comets to orbit the Sun is gravity. These celestial bodies are remnants from the processes that formed the solar system, mostly found in regions such as the asteroid belt or coming from the far reaches of the solar system, where they have long periods of orbit due to their massive distances from the Sun.

Comets are particularly notable because, as they get closer to the Sun, they display dramatic brightening. This is due to the evaporation of icy materials, forming a temporary atmosphere called the coma and a tail that always points away from the Sun because of the Sun's radiation pressure and solar wind.

For comets, when they approach the inner Solar System, the evaporation of ices, such as water, leads to the release of gas and dust, producing a visible tail and coma. Heavy solar radiation and solar wind create outward pressure that shapes these features. For asteroids and meteoroids, their movements are primarily governed by gravitational forces which dictate stable orbits around the Sun. As debris, they may collide and break apart, contributing to the material found in our solar system, including that which enters Earth's atmosphere as meteors.

A mixture of H2 and water vapor is present in a closed vessel at 20°C. The total pressure of the system is 755.0 mmHg.

Partial pressure of water vapor at 20°C equals 17.5 mmHg.

What is the partial pressure of H2?

Answers

Final answer:

The partial pressure of H2 in a closed vessel at 20°C, when the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of water vapor is 17.5 mmHg, is 737.5 mmHg.

Explanation:

The total pressure of the system is a combination of the pressures from the individual gases within it - in this case, hydrogen (H2) and water vapor. According to Dalton's Law of partial pressures, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures.

Given that the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of the water vapor is 17.5 mmHg at 20°C, we can calculate the partial pressure of H2 by subtracting the pressure of the water vapor from the total pressure. Therefore, the partial pressure of H2 is 755.0 mmHg - 17.5 mmHg = 737.5 mmHg.

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Read the lines about space, then answer the question. Jupiter is a gaseous planet. It is not made up of rocks and metal, but is mostly hydrogen and helium. According to context clues, which best defines the underlined word? Not solid solid windy not windy

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is;

Not solid

Explanation:

Here we have that Jupiter is a planet of gas and that it is not made up of solid rocks or of metal.

According to the hint provided that defined the physical property of Jupiter, we have that Jupiter is not a solid

However, to say that Jupiter is windy planet is an overstatement because, the paragraph only describe the static physical substance condition of the planet Jupiter.

Answer:

A or Not Solid

Explanation:

Jupiter is entirely made of gas.

An ionic compound has a solubility of 30 g per 100 mL of water at room temperature. A solution containing 70 g of the compound in 300 mL of water at the same temperature is:

A. unsaturated.
B. saturated.
C. a suspension.
D. supersaturated.

Answers

Answer: A. unsaturated.

Explanation:

Unsaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.

Saturated solution is defined as the solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.

Supersaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more amount of solute particles is present than the solvent particles.

Given:  Solubility = 30g/100ml

If 100 ml can dissolve ionic compound = 30 g

300 ml can dissolve ionic compound  =[tex]\frac{30}{100}\times 300=90g[/tex]

Thus solubility is 90g/300 ml and dissolved salt is only 70 g , the solution is said to be unsaturated.

Final answer:

When 70 g of an ionic compound is dissolved in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g required to saturate it, the solution is considered unsaturated.

Explanation:

The solubility of an ionic compound is given as 30 g per 100 mL of water at room temperature. If a solution contains 70 g of the compound in 300 mL of water at the same temperature, we need to determine whether the solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated.

To do this, we calculate the amount of compound that would saturate 300 mL of water, which would be 3 times the solubility in 100 mL of water:

30 g/100 mL x 3 = 90 g/300 mL

Since the solution has only 70 g in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g needed to saturate it, the solution is unsaturated.

Which best compares AC and DC?

a
AC flows in one direction, and DC repeatedly switches direction.
b
AC is used only in generators, and DC is used only in motors.
c
DC is used only in generators, and AC is used only in motors.
d
DC flows in one direction, and AC repeatedly switches direction.
Please Help me, I have no clue what I'm reading, and I'm trying to make a good grade on this formative assesement

Answers

Answer: B) DC flows in one direction, and AC repeatedly switches directions.

Explanation:

DC stands for direct current, which is a current that constantly flows in only one direction.

AC stands for alternating current, which is a current that repeatedly changes directions.

GOOD LUCK! :)

Final answer:

Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction while Alternating Current (AC) flows by continuously changing its direction.

Explanation:

The difference between Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) lies in the direction in which the electrons flow. In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, or 'directly'.

AC is a bit different; electrons keep swapping directions, sometimes going forwards and then going backwards.

Therefore, the answer to your question 'Which best compares AC and DC?' would be option D: DC flows in one direction, and AC repeatedly switches direction.

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how many molecules are in 4.5 moles of H2O?

Answers

Answer:

There would be around 2.7*10^24 molecules.

Explanation:

You have to multiply the amount of moles by Avogadro's number to get amount of molecules.

The statement for the number of molecules are contained in hydrogen gas "27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules."

What is a molecule?

Chemical bonds hold two or more atoms together in a molecule. If they have more than single atom, the atoms can be the same (for example, an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).

1 mole of water will be of 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

Then,

= 4.5 mol × 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules

= 27.099 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

≈ 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

As a result, 4.5 moles of water contains 3.01 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules

Hence, the correct option is 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules.

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can someone help me?

Answers

Answer:

oh sorry i cant but i might think the answer is adaptive but if not someone correct me and ill change this response hope that i could help

Explanation:

What type of reaction is

Answers

It is a single replacement reaction. Li and Mg switch places.

Which two processes commonly generate magma?
a. compression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)
b. decompression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)
c. compression melting and dry melting
d. decompression melting and dry melting

Answers

Answer: b. decompression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)

Explanation: Magma is a hot liquid made of melted minerals, these minerals can form crystals when they are cold.

There are two main mechanisms through which rocks melt at the mantle plumes are; decompression melting and flux melting.

1) Decompression melting takes place within Earth when a body of rock is held at approximately the same temperature but the pressure is reduced. In other words, If a rock that is hot enough to be close to its melting point is moved toward the surface, the pressure is reduced, and the rock can pass to the liquid side of its melting curve.

2) flux melting: this occurs when water and other volatile components ( e.g carbon dioxide) are introduced to hot solid rock, depressing the solidus enough to cause melting. In other words, if a rock is close to its melting point and some water ( which acts as a flux that promotes melting) is added to the rock, the melting temperature is reduced and partial melting starts.

3.Which is the most likely reason why soil erosion can be a major problem? (10 Points) A. Soil contains expensive minerals. B. A region's agriculture can be destroyed if the soil erodes. C. Soil is a non-renewable resource. D. Dangerous, radioactive elements exist under the soil.

Answers

Final answer:

Soil erosion can be a major problem because it can destroy a region's agriculture.

Explanation:

The most likely reason why soil erosion can be a major problem is because it can destroy a region's agriculture. When soil erodes, the top layer of fertile soil is washed or blown away, leaving behind less fertile soil or bare rock. This leads to a decrease in crop productivity and can have a significant impact on the livelihoods of farmers and the availability of food.

Soil erosion is considered a form of soil pollution, which can also lead to the loss of expensive minerals present in the soil. However, the major concern with soil erosion is its impact on agriculture.

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The main active components of bleach and many other household cleaners are
salts.
neutral.
acids.
bases.

Answers

Bases are the active components of household cleaners because of their cleansing ability.

What are active components if substances?

Active components of substances refers to those components upon which the activity or characteristics of a substance depends.

Cleansing agents are substances which are able to remove grease and stains off surfaces or materials.

Cleansing agents include:

bleach detergents soaps

The active component of cleaning agents are bases because of their cleansing ability.

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The main active components of bleach and many other household cleaners are bases. Therefore, option D is correct.

What is bleach?

Bleach is a chemical solution that is commonly used as a whitening or cleaning agent. It is a strong oxidizing agent that is able to remove or lighten color from a variety of materials, including fabrics, hair, and even teeth.

Bleach is typically made up of sodium hypochlorite, which is a strong base. It can break down organic matter and oxidize substances. It is usually used in household cleaning products, such as laundry detergents and surface cleaners.

While bleach can be effective at cleaning and disinfecting, it is important to use it carefully and according to instructions, as it can be harmful if ingested or used incorrectly. Thus, option D is correct.

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Carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the chemical equation cs2(ℓ) + 3 o2(g) −→ co2(g) + 2 so2(g). if 1.25 mol of cs2 is combined with 0.57 mol of o2, identify the limiting reactant.

Answers

Final answer:

To find the limiting reactant between carbon disulfide and oxygen, one evaluates the stoichiometric requirements of the reaction. Given 1.25 mol CS2 and 0.57 mol O2, oxygen is determined to be the limiting reactant as it is insufficient to react with all the CS2.

Explanation:

To determine the limiting reactant in the reaction between carbon disulfide (CS2) and oxygen (O2), where the products are carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), the stoichiometric ratios from the balanced equation must be considered. The balanced chemical equation is CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g).

Given: 1.25 mol of CS2 and 0.57 mol of O2. We should calculate the theoretical amount of O2 needed to completely react with 1.25 mol of CS2. According to the equation, 1 mol of CS2 requires 3 mol of O2. Thus, 1.25 mol of CS2 would require 3.75 mol of O2 (1.25 mol × 3 mol/mol = 3.75 mol). Since only 0.57 mol of O2 is available and 3.75 mol is needed, oxygen is the limiting reactant because there is not enough oxygen to completely react with all of the carbon disulfide present.

A student has a 2.66 L bottle that contains a mixture of O2 , N2 , and CO2 with a total pressure of 4.50 bar at 298 K . She knows that the mixture contains 0.297 mol N2 and that the partial pressure of CO2 is 0.269 bar . Calculate the partial pressure of O2 .

Answers

Answer:

The partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.

Explanation:

Given:

Volume [tex]V = 2.66[/tex] L

Total pressure [tex]P_{} = 4.50[/tex] bar

Temperature of system [tex]T = 298[/tex] K

Moles of nitrogen [tex]n = 0.297[/tex] mole

Partial pressure [tex]P_{co_{2} } = 0.269[/tex] bar

From ideal gas equation,

   [tex]PV = nRT[/tex]

Where [tex]R = 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \frac{L .bar}{K.mol}[/tex] = gas constant

First finding partial pressure of nitrogen

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{nRT}{V}[/tex]

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{0.297\times 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \times 298}{2.66}[/tex]

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = 2.766[/tex] bar

We know, total pressure is given by

   [tex]P = P_{O_{2} } + P_{N_{2} } + P_{CO_{2} }[/tex]

[tex]P_{O_{2} } = 4.50 - 0.269 - 2.776[/tex]

[tex]P_{O_{2} } =1.455[/tex] bar

Therefore, the partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.

How many moles of oxygen must be in a 10.0 L container to exert a pressure of
0.844 atm at a temperature of 25.0 °C?*

Answers

Answer:

0.345 mol

Explanation:

We can solve this problem by using the equation of state for an ideal gas, which is

[tex]pV=nRT[/tex]

where

p is the pressure of the gas

V is its volume

n is the number of moles

R is the gas constant

T is the absolute temperature of the gas

For the oxygen in this problem we have:

V = 10.0 L is the volume

p = 0.844 atm is the pressure

[tex]R=0.082 atm\cdot L/(mol \cdot K)[/tex] is the gas constant

[tex]T=25.0C+273=298 K[/tex] is the absolute temperature of the gas

Solving for n, we find the number of moles:

[tex]n=\frac{pV}{RT}=\frac{(0.844)(10.0)}{(0.082)(298)}=0.345 mol[/tex]

Enumere por lo menos 5 objetos que antiguamente se hacían con otro material y en la actualidad se hacen con un polímero. Identifique de qué polímero se trata.

Answers

Translation: List at least 5 objects that were formerly made from another material and are now made from a polymer. Identify what polymer it is

Answer:

Five object now replaced with polymers

1) automobile body parts. (polypropylene, polyurethane and PVC)

2)TV cabinets. (polystyrene polymer)

3) composites for golf clubs. (carbon fibre reinforced polymer CFRP)

4) fibers for clothing and carpet. (acrylic and nylon)

5) foams for coffee cups (polystyrene)

A student performs the following procedure:

Procedure

1. Measure 25 grams of an unknown solid.

2. Measure 200 grams of water.

3. Pour the unknown solid and water into beaker, which weighs 50 grams.

4. Stir the solution.

The student records the following observation:

Observation

About half of the unknown solid dissolves and the other half settles to the bottom of the beaker.


Part A:

The student calculated the combined weight of the unknown solid and the water to be 275 grams. Describe the mistake the student made in this calculation.


Part B:

Describe how stirring the solution will affect the total amount of matter in this investigation.

Answers

Answer:

3. Pour the unknown solid and water into beaker, which weighs 50 grams.

A voltaic cell is constructed with two silver-silver chloride electrodes, each of which is based on the following half-reaction: AgCl(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Cl−(aq). The two cell compartments have [Cl−]= 1.51×10−2 M and [Cl−]= 2.90 M , respectively. A) Which electrode is the cathode of the cell?B) What is the standard emf of the cell?C) What is the cell emf for the concentrations given?D) For the anode compartment, predict whether [Cl−] will increase, decrease, or stay the same as the cell operates.E) For the cathode compartment, predict whether [Cl−] will increase, decrease, or stay the same as the cell operates.

Answers

Final answer:

In this voltaic cell, the cathode is the electrode with less Cl- concentration, and the Cl- concentration will remain constant during the operation of the cell. The anode will have the higher Cl- concentration and will increase during cell operation. The standard emf will be zero, but the actual emf can be calculated using the Nernst equation.

Explanation:

In a voltaic cell with two silver-silver chloride electrodes, the half-reaction given is: AgCl(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Cl−(aq). The electrode with the higher concentration of Cl- ions (2.90 M) will function as the anode, where oxidation occurs and [Cl−] will increase. Conversely, the electrode with the lesser concentration of Cl- ions (1.51×10−2 M) will act as the cathode, where reduction takes place and [Cl−] will stay the same as the cell operates.

The standard emf of the cell would be zero, because the anode and cathode are made of the same material, and thus have the same reduction potential. The cell emf however can be calculated using the Nernst equation, where the cell's emf will shift from the standard emf based on the natural logarithm of the quotient of reactants over products.

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What are the correct mass and charge numbers for the following five products of radioactive decay: (a) a neutron (b) an α- particle (c) a positron (d) a photon (e) a β- ray

Answers

Answer:

Radioactive decay is defined as the disintegration of an unstable nucleus accompanied by the release of energy.

The different types of radioactive decay are: alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decay; which are accompanied by the release of photons or other subatomic particles.

The mass number (A) and charge number (Z) of the following products of radioactive decay are:

(a) a neutron : [tex]_{0}^{1}\textrm{n}[/tex]

A - 1

Z - 0

(b) an α- particle: [tex]_{2}^{4}\textrm{He}[/tex]

A - 4

Z - (+2)

(c) a positron : [tex]_{+1}^{0}\textrm{\beta }[/tex][tex]\beta[/tex]

A - 0

Z - (+1)

(d) a photon

A - 0

Z - 0

(e) a β- ray: [tex]_{-1}^{0}\textrm{\beta }[/tex][tex]\beta[/tex]

A - 0

Z - (-1)

1 point
8. Alex notices a small spot of fungus growing on an orange in the back of his refrigerator.
He doesn't eat the orange. He looks at the orange again a week later. Which of these is the
most likely to observe? *

OThe fungus has gone away.
OThe fungus has not changed.
OThe fungus has grown larger.​

Answers

Answer:

The fungus has grown larger

Explanation:

Because where the orange is in the fridge and even normally you out oranges on the counter or in a bowl, where it's in the fridge it got old faster.

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