Answer:
The correct answer will be option-A
Explanation:
The practice of marriage is practised in every culture which is associated with the union of the boy and a girl to which they are committed to spending a life-long relationship.
The studies on the preferences shown by the woman who has to get married have to look for the boys who are career-oriented which could provide a good earning to feed them and their family and fond of children to establish a family which will help develop the stronger relationship between them.
The girls ignored the attractiveness feature of their spouses as in a long term relationship attractiveness does not matter because of the feeling of love and strong bond between them.
Thus, option-A is the correct answer.
We would expect the greatest difference in plant health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, in an environment _____.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:
We would expect the greatest difference in plant health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, in an environment _____.
A) where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant.
B) that has soil with poor drainage.
C) that has hot summers and cold winters.
D) in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients.
E) that is near a body of water, such as a pond or river.
Answer:
D) in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients.
Explanation:
Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between fungi and the roots of plants. The fungus grows around and into the root and into the surrounding soil. The fungus absorbs essential minerals, especially phosphorus, from the soil for the plant. The plant provides the organic nutrients produced by photosynthesis to the fungus. Therefore, the plants with mycorrhizae exhibit better growth in mineral deficient soil than the plants without mycorrhizae.
Which of these is NOT a reason that scientists do experiments? A. to test a hypothesis B. to design a procedure C. to compare one theory to another D. to confirm whether an experiment gives the same results if it is repeated
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The first step is to make a plan/procedure then the hypothesis then the the experiment then record the data so before you even do the experiment you have already planned a procedure
Answer:
B is the answer I don't have much to go off on but i know because i took the unit test on edge
Explanation:
During the major response stages of acute radiation syndrome after the prodromal stage, the period when symptoms that affect the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular systems become visible, is called
Manifest illness stage is the period when symptoms that affect the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular systems become visible during the major response stages of acute radiation syndrome after the prodromal stage.
Explanation:
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) due to radiation toxicity affects the parenchymal cells of specific tissues. According to the tissue system affected, the ARS typically presents either as bone marrow (hematopoietic), gastrointestinal, or cardiovascular syndrome.
The four major response stages of acute radiation syndrome are – Prodromal, latent, manifest illness, recovery or death.
Although the stage next to prodromal stage is latent stage, the symptoms manifests itself during the manifest illness stage. The manifestation, severity and recovery of symptoms vary with each syndrome.
Symptom manifestation during manifest illness stage
Hematopoeitic ARS – drop in blood cell count, hemorrhage, anorexia, malaise
Gastrointestinal ARS – anorexia, diarrhea, dehydration, fever, electrolyte imbalance
Cardiovascular/central nervous system ARS – convulsions, coma
Which of the following is not a cellular activity associated with microtubules?a. maintenance of axonsb. maintenance of cell shapec. cytokinesis of animal cellsd. axonemal structuree. formation of mitotic spindle
Answer:
a. Maintenance of axons.
Explanation:
Axons are not maintained by microtubules. Microtubules are used in axons as railways to transport different molecules to the terminal branches of the axon or to the soma of the neuron. Axons are maintained by a special type of cells called Schwann cells.
List the order in the redox strength of these molecules from smallest to largest. Complex I; coenzyme Q; complex IV; final electron acceptor Complex I; complex IV; final electron acceptor; coenzyme Q Final electron acceptor; complex IV; coenzyme Q; complex I Complex IV; coenzyme Q; complex I; final electron acceptor
Answer:
The answer is Complex I; coenzyme Q, complex IV; final electron acceptor.
Explanation:
The order in the redox strength of these molecules from smallest to largest is Complex I; coenzyme Q, complex IV; final electron acceptor.
The pectoral girdle is formed by the articulation of the hip bones and the sacrum. True or False
Answer:
False (The statement is true for pelvic girdle)
Explanation:
The pectoral or shoulder girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton (a portion of the skeleton that supports appendages) which connects to the arm on each side i.e. it connects upper limbs (arms) to the bones along the axis of the body.
In humans, the pectoral girdle is made up of two major bones viz: clavicle/collar bone and scapula/shoulder blade. These two bones which attaches the upper limbs to axial skeleton forms the pectoral girdle. Although, in species with three bones, coracoid bone is included in its formation.
The pelvic girdle is formed by the hip bone, which is the point of attachment for each lower limb (legs). The hip bone attaches the lower limb to the axial skeleton via its articulation with the sacrum. The sacrum is a triangular bone formed by the fusion of vertebrae and located in between the right and left hip bones. The association of the right and left hip bones, sacrum and coccyx forms the pelvis.
What part of the spinal cord represents an increase in cell body mass for upper limb control?
a. cervical enlargement.
b. lumbar enlargement.
c. conus medullaris.
d. cauda equina.
Answer: a. cervical enlargement.
Explanation:
Cervical enlargement corresponds to the enlargement of the spinal cord. The spinal cord is the origin of the spinal nerves that contribute to an important task of supplying blood to the upper limbs.
The cervical enlargement results in an increase in the volume of the motor cells in the ventral part inside the grey matter. The motor neurons which are sited posteriorly supply to the upper limbs. Those which supply to the distal muscles are situated further posteriorly.
The a. cervical enlargement represents an increase in cell body mass for upper limb control.
Explanation:Cervical enlargement is a region in the spinal cord characterized by an increased concentration of cell bodies of neurons. This enlargement primarily spans the spinal cord segments C4 to T1 and is particularly prominent due to its role in controlling the upper limbs.
Neurons in this area are responsible for transmitting motor signals from the brain to the muscles of the arms and hands. The greater cell body mass in the cervical enlargement reflects the heightened neural complexity required for precise and coordinated control of the upper limbs, facilitating activities like fine motor skills, grasping, and manipulation.
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Which is a method in which a bloodborne pathogen may be transmitted?
The range of cattle egrets has expanded between 1937 and today. How would an ecologist likely explain the expansion of the cattle egret?
A) the first egrets to colonize South America evolved into a new species capable of competing with the native species of herons and egrets
B) A habitat left unoccupied by native herons and egrets met the biotic and abiotic requirements of the cattle egret transplants and their descendants
C) There are no predators for cattle egrets in the New World, so they continue to expand their range
A habitat left unoccupied by native herons and egrets met the biotic and abiotic requirements of the cattle egret transplants and their descendants
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The cattle egret was a species of Heron to be first seen in Greater Caribbean Basin. They acquired their name “Cattle egret” as they were found to be co-existing with the grazing cattle and feeding on the insects that come out during grazing and also feed on the ticks present on the cattle’s body.
The cattle egret within a span of few years showed a dramatic increase in its population. This was attributed by their high reproduction rate leading to their extensive population growth. They also do not have any predators devouring them. They also feed on anything and everything to survive be it insects, rodents or small reptiles. They were good flyers and they were also able to get accustomed to their surroundings and reproduce.
Final answer:
An ecologist would attribute the cattle egret's range expansion to the species finding suitable biotic and abiotic conditions in new habitats, the role of human activities in their spread, and possibly the introduction of new genotypes that thrive in different conditions. (Option B)
Explanation:
An ecologist would likely explain the expansion of the cattle egret's range by considering factors such as habitat suitability and the role of human activities in spreading species. Option B describes a situation in which cattle egrets found suitable biotic and abiotic conditions in new areas unoccupied by native herons and egrets, enabling them to establish and expand their population. Human transportation of goods and intentional organism trade have facilitated species introduction into new ecosystems, often providing them with environments lacking natural predators, allowing these species to thrive and spread further.
Moreover, the introduction of new genotypes to an existing population of a species can result in a sudden range expansion if these genotypes are better adapted to the local conditions. This has been seen in cases like the brown anole in Florida or the European green crab, where new genotypes introduced into the population contributed to their successful spread.
Consider the HIV enzyme called protease. The amino acid residues at the active site are highly hydrophobic. In designing a drug that would bind to the active site and jam it, researchers should use a molecule that is ________.
Answer:
Thanks researcher should use hydrophobic molecule
In designing a drug to target the active site of the HIV enzyme protease, researchers should use a molecule that is structurally similar to the natural substrate of the enzyme but has a modification that enhances binding and inhibits the enzyme's activity.
Specifically, the molecule should be hydrophobic to complement the hydrophobic nature of the active site. HIV protease plays a critical role in the virus's life cycle by cleaving viral polyproteins into functional proteins, which are essential for viral replication.
By designing a hydrophobic molecule, it can fit snugly into the hydrophobic active site, disrupting the enzyme's function and preventing it from processing viral proteins.
This approach is the form of competitive inhibition, where the drug competes with the natural substrate for binding at the active site. By selectively targeting the hydrophobic nature of the active site, researchers can develop drugs that effectively inhibit HIV protease, a crucial strategy in antiretroviral therapy.
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Mark's misuse of alcohol and other addictive drugs is influenced by genetic factors, by the ready availability of drugs in Mark's neighborhood, and by Mark's failure to accurately assess the risks associated with drug usage. An understanding of Mark's difficulties within the framework of multiple levels of analysis is most clearly provided bya. a dual-processing theory.b. the activation-synthesis perspective.c. a biopsychosocial approach.d. the neuroadaptation model.e. the cognitive-behavioral perspective.
Answer:
c. a biopsychosocial approach.
Explanation:
A psychosocial approach is a model of medicine and psychology that studies the cause and evolution of illness, addiction, and disorder considering biological, psychological, and social aspects. It is opposed to the biomedical model, which is centered on disease and restricted to biological factors.
From a biopsychosocial perspective, health and disease are understood as a result not only of the interaction of the biological factors of the individual's organism, but also of the environment in which they live and their social relationships. An example of this can be seen in the question above, where Mark's addiction is explained by the biological and social factors surrounding him.
A human baby performs a sucking behavior perfectly when it is put in the presence of the nipple of its mother's breast. This is an example of____________.
Answer:
The answer is innate behavior.
Explanation:
A human baby performs a sucking behavior perfectly when it is put in the presence of the nipple of its mother's breast. This is an example of__innate behavior__________.
The spinal cord consists of four regions and ________ pairs of spinal nerves.
Answer: 31 pairs of spinal nerves
Explanation:
In the nervous system, bundles of fibres are called nerves.
The spinal nerve carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals/information from the spinal cord to the brain and other part of the body.
The human body spinal cord consists of 4 regions, and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The 31 pairs of spinal nerve are distributed one on each side of the vertebral column within the four regions of the spinal cord. The four regions of the spine are the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions.
Answer is 31 pairs.
Which human body systems are involved in thermoregulation
Final answer:
The integumentary, nervous, and cardiovascular systems collaborate in thermoregulation, with the hypothalamus acting as a body temperature thermostat that initiates responses like sweating and shivering.
Explanation:
The human body systems involved in thermoregulation include the integumentary system, the nervous system, and the cardiovascular system. The integumentary system, which includes the skin, works closely with the sympathetic nervous system to monitor body temperature and initiate motor responses such as sweating. The sweat glands secrete water, salt, and other substances to cool the body when it becomes too warm. The nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus in the brain, acts as a thermostat to regulate body temperature by initiating reflexes for vasodilation, vasoconstriction, shivering, and sweating. The cardiovascular system collaborates with the skin to either lose or conserve body heat through these mechanisms. Additionally, during an infection, pyrogens reset the hypothalamus to a higher temperature to help the body fight off the infection through a fever.
Thermoregulation, the process of maintaining a stable body temperature, involves several human body systems. The integumentary system, which includes the skin and its accessory structures, plays a crucial role in thermoregulation. Through sweat glands, the integumentary system helps to cool the body by secreting sweat that evaporates and dissipates body heat. The nervous system, specifically the hypothalamus, acts as the master switch to regulate body temperature by initiating processes like vasodilation or vasoconstriction, shivering, or sweating. Lastly, the cardiovascular system works with the skin to either lose or conserve body heat through vasodilation or vasoconstriction.
Final answer:
Thermoregulation involves the integumentary system, sympathetic nervous system, and circulatory system. The integumentary system regulates body temperature through sweat production, while the sympathetic nervous system monitors body temperature. The circulatory system helps dissipate heat through blood flow to the skin.
Explanation:
Thermoregulation involves multiple human body systems, including the integumentary system, sympathetic nervous system, and circulatory system. The integumentary system, which consists of the skin, helps regulate body temperature through its association with the sympathetic nervous system. When the body becomes warm, sweat glands are stimulated to produce sweat, which cools the body when it evaporates from the skin surface. The circulatory system also plays a role in thermoregulation by regulating blood flow to the skin, allowing for the dissipation of heat.
Which component is missing from the process of cellular respiration? ________ + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy Sunlight Sugar Oxygen Carbon
Answer:
Glucose
Explanation:
Cellular respiration can be defined as the process in which cells convert sugar into energy
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -------------------> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ~38 ATP
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy Sunlight Sugar Oxygen Carbon
Answer:
Sugar
Explanation:
Which one of these processes describes bottleneck effect? Group of answer choices
alleles transferred to the next generation in portions that differ from previous generation
chance events that change allele frequency sudden change in environments that alters gene frequency of a population transfer of alleles in and out of a population due to movement of fertile individuals
Answer:
Sudden change in environments that alters gene frequency of a population
Explanation:
The bottleneck effect is a genetic drift that happens when the size of a population is suddenly reduced for at least one generation, this can be triggered by a natural disaster. This sudden change leads to a decrease in genetic variation, as the population decreases the frequency of different alleles changes leading to a completely new population that may or may not be able to adapt. In the image, I added you can observe how the bottleneck effect works.
Considering this information we can conclude that the correct answer is "sudden change in environments that alters gene frequency of a population".
I hope you find this information useful and interesting! Good luck!
The correct answer is d) chance events that change allele frequency is bottleneck effect.
Genetic drift is a population's random variation in the frequency of a gene variant that already exists. The bottleneck and founder effects are the two types of genetic drift.
The bottleneck effect occurs when the population is significantly reduced as a result of earthquakes, floods, and other natural calamities.
The species that were resilient enough to survive the catastrophes make up the new population. The allele frequency and the this new population's allele frequency will not be similar.
Sudden change in environments that alters gene frequency of a population is natural selection.
Alleles transferred to the next generation in portions that differ from previous generation is genetic drift.
Transfer of alleles in and out of a population due to movement of fertile individuals is gene flow.
Therefore, option d) chance events that change allele frequency is correct.
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The complete question is;
Which one of these processes describes bottleneck effect?
a) sudden change in environments that alters gene frequency of a population
b) alleles transferred to the next generation in portions that differ from previous generation
c) transfer of alleles in and out of a population due to movement of fertile individuals.
d) chance events that change allele frequency
The structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the
Answer:
Plasma membrane
Explanation:
The cell communicates with its outer environment with the help of cell membrane. The factors that keeps the cell healthy are involved in cellular homeostasis. The movement of ions and water is prevented through plasma membrane. Thus sodium ion concentration is maintained in extracellular environment. Inside the cell, organic acids and potassium ions concentration is high. The water movement across the membrane maintains the cytosol concentration. The cell tolerates temperature changes by maintaining fluidity of membrane. Thus, the structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the plasma membrane.
The plasma membrane is the key structure in maintaining cell homeostasis, allowing cells to regulate their internal environment through selective permeability and transport processes to ensure survival.
Explanation:The structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the plasma membrane. Cell homeostasis refers to the dynamic state of balance within the cell, ensuring that its internal environment remains stable amidst changes inside and outside the cell. The plasma membrane plays a crucial role in this process by regulating what enters and exits the cell, thus maintaining the necessary conditions for cell survival such as nutrient levels, removal of wastes, and balancing water and ion concentrations. This is achieved through mechanisms like selective permeability and transport processes.
Homeostasis is not a static condition but requires continuous adjustments through homeostatic regulation. In the context of the human body, the maintenance of homeostasis across all cells ensures that essential physiological variables like body temperature, pH of extracellular fluids, and blood glucose levels remain within a narrow, livable range despite external changes. This complex balance is orchestrated through a series of interactions between stimuli, sensors, control centers, and effectors, often regulated by negative feedback loops, which work to prevent excessive response to stimuli, and, less frequently, by positive feedback loops, which intensify the response until an endpoint is reached.
Genetic variation leads to genetic diversity in populations and is the raw material for evolution. Biological systems have multiple processes, such as reproduction, that affect genetic variation. They are evolutionarily conserved and shared by various organisms. Which statement best represents the connection between reproduction and evolution?
A) Plants that use sexual reproduction are rare since this type of reproduction in plants does not contribute to genetic diversity.
B) Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation because random mutations can be shufflec between organisms.
C) Since prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually, there is no mechanism for them to add genetic diversity for evolution.
D) In order to increase genetic diversity for evolution in sexually reproducing organisms, mutations must occur in the zygote after fertilization.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation because random mutations can be shuffled between organisms.
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction includes gamete formation and fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote (fertilization). The processes of gamete formation and fertilization impart genetic variations in the progeny. New gene combinations are produced during gamete formation by the process of crossing over that occurs during prophase I of meiosis I. These new gene combinations and other mutations present in the germ line cells are transmitted to the progeny during fusion of male and female gametes.
The random fusion of gametes during fertilization adds even more genetic variations to the progeny. Therefore, random fertilization of male and female gametes mixes the mutations present in the germ line cells and thereby impart genetic variations to the progeny. These genetic variations serve as raw material for evolution.
What biomes spans the largest annual mean temperature range
Answer: Desert spans the annual mean temperature range.
Explanation:
Biomes are large ecological community of plant and animal on the earth surface that have characteristics for the environment they live in. A desert is an example of biomes. It is a barren area of land where there is high temperature and low precipitation (rainfall). It is a place where living conditions is difficult. Lact of vegetation exposed the areato direct sunlight and there is increased temperature. Desert are formed by weathering process I.e the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles through the activities of some agent like water or wind.
__________ is a progressive degenerative disease of the basal nuclei that affects the dopamine-secreting pathways.
a.Parkinson's disease
b.mad cow disease
c.Huntington's disease
d.Alzheimer's disease
Answer:
a.Parkinson's disease
Explanation:
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter who's function is to be the body's reward center "happy hormone" and it is also involved in motor control.
For unknown reasons in the elderly, dopamine is lost when the dopamine-producing nerve cells die in the basal ganglia and substanta nigra which results in movement problems such as, tremor, slowness of movement, stiffness, and balance problems.
This disease is called Parkinsons disease which is a progressive and degenerative disorder
Use the drop-down menus below to match familiar genetics terms with their definitions. Is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for heredity in most organisms.
Answer:
The correct answer will be- Deoxyribose nucleic acid or DNA
Explanation:
DNA is the nucleic acid which acts as the genetic material of all the organisms on Earth except a few viruses where RNA is the genetic material.
The DNA is the genetic and heredity material of the organisms as the DNA stores the information of the organism in a coded form which is passed from parents to offspring through reproductive mechanisms.
The structure of DNA contains a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and the nitrogenous bases. it is the sequence of these nitrogenous bases which contain the code of life in DNA.
Thus, DNA is the correct answer.
Answer:
1. DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for heredity in most organisms.
2. A gene is a segment of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity and is transferred from parent to offspring.
3. A chromosome is a cell structure made of DNA that gives the master instructions for the cell.
4. Heredity is the process of passing characteristics from parent to offspring.
5. Genetics is the study of heredity in organisms.
Explanation:
Fats in foods a. add taste and contribute to "mouth feel" b. are digested and absorbed in the stomach c. carry water-soluble nutrients d. need to be eliminated to have a healthful diet
Answer:
The correct answer is a. add taste and contribute to "mouth feel".
Explanation:
Fats in foods contribute to mouthfeel, meaning that the mouth literally feels the food coming in. It differs from the taste, but generally has similar effects on the brain.
The entire population of a given community is examined, and all who are judged to be free from bowel cancer are questioned extensively about their diets. These people then are followed for several years to see whether or not their eating habits will predict their risk of developing bowel cancer. What type of study design is this? a) Cross-sectional studyb) Case-control studyc) Prospective cohort studyd) Historical prospective cohort studye) Clinical trialf) Community trial
The type of study design in this Prospective cohort study.
c) Prospective cohort study
Explanation:
It is the study that follows the overtime in a group of similar individuals who differs with respect to certain factors under the study to determine how the factors affect the rate of certain outcomes.
The testing may varies by the hypothesis given by the cretin patients that the age of 20 year of people affected by the lung cancer will be the highest among the heavy smokers, followed by the moderate and non smoking . it is test process of the individuals under the effective cause of the disease can be determined by method.
The described study is a prospective cohort study, which follows a healthy population over time to observe the effects of their eating habits on the risk of developing bowel cancer.
The study design described by the student, where the entire population of a community is examined and then followed over time to see whether their eating habits can predict the risk of developing bowel cancer, is known as a prospective cohort study. In a prospective cohort study, a group of individuals (a cohort) who do not have the disease in question are followed into the future to observe outcomes. This design is particularly useful in epidemiology to establish potential cause-and-effect relationships by tracking exposures before the development of disease.
The mitochondrial electron transport chain a. is the site of most of the reactions of the citric acid cycle. b. synthesizes ATP. c. pumps protons into the mitochondrial matrix during electron transport. d. oxidizes water to O2 and 2 H . e. oxidizes the intermediate electron carriers, NADH and FADH2.
Answer: c pump protons into the mitochondrial matrix during electron transport
Explanation: the movement of electrons from one protein carrier to another of different energy
Levels generated ENERGY. This is the quantity of energy needed to pump protons from the matix of the mitochondrial ithrough the inner intramembrane to the cystosol,to returm back to the matrix for ATP synthsis. Therefore protons concentration gradients build up
Hydrogen ions/protons move down the gradients through the proton channels of rhe ATPase synthase .
The latter extracted energy from the protons as it pass through it to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.
ADP + Pi === ATP.
Therefore ,the electron transport chain generated energy for proton
Explanation:
Part A What is a telomere? What is a telomere? the mechanism that holds two sister chromatids together the ends of linear chromosomes the site of origin of DNA replication DNA replication during telophase
Answer: B the ends of linear chromosomes.
Explanation:
Based on structure, telomeres are located at the end of chromosomes; they are protective caps that bind the genes at the end of the chromosomes in order to prevent it from interchromosomal fusion (clumping) and degradation (broken down). Simply, they serve the same role as plastic caps to the tip of shoe laces; preventing it from unraveling.
.
Generally, telomeres becomes short in length with time. At this stage they become weaken, and breaks down. The affected the cells basic replication activites, and therefore the functions. These non-functioning cells accumulated in body organs, and made them to degenerate .This reduced longevity, leading to death of cells. However the shortening of the length is an advantage to prevent the spread of cancer in cells because I naturally stops the uncontrivable growth of cells
Therefore the longer the length of telomeres at the genome end of chromosomes, the higher the rate of replication of the concerned cells, and hence the increase in the age of the cell
During filtration, anything that is small enough to pass through all three layers of the filtration membrane will become part of the filtrate. Sometimes, the least porous layer of this membrane becomes clogged and then glomerulonephritis may occur. What is the name of the most porous layer of the filtration membrane?A. fenestrated endotheliumfB. iltration slitsC. capsular epitheliumD. visceral epithelium
Answer:
The correct answer is B filtration slits.
Explanation:
The glomerulus part of the nephron of kidney play a significant role in the filtration of urine.
Glomerulus contain basement membrane that consist of filtration slits between specific cells known as podocyte cells that carry out the filtration function of the glomerulus.
Assume that you are working with a mutant, nutritionally deficient strain of Escherichia coli and that you isolate "revertants," which are nutritional-normal. Describe, at the molecular level, two possible causes for the "reversion to wild type."
Answer:
Mutation may be defined as the sudden heritable change in the genetic sequence of the organism. The mutation can cause the characteristics phenotype in the individual.
Two ways by which the reversion to wild type occur are true reversion and suppression mutation. The true reversion process involves the precision of the correction of the original mutation. The suppression intragenic or intergenic mutation introduce the changes in the mutant gene and compensate for the wild type product.
At the molecular level, reversion to wild-type in nutritionally deficient E. coli can occur through a back mutation, restoring the ability to produce a necessary nutrient, or a suppressor mutation, which bypasses the block caused by the original mutation.
Explanation:When working with a mutant, nutritionally deficient strain of Escherichia coli and isolating revertants that are nutritionally normal, two possible molecular causes for the reversion to wild-type are back mutation or suppressor mutation.
Firstly, a back mutation could occur, which is a second mutation that restores the original DNA sequence or results in a new sequence that somehow compensates for the effect of the original mutation, allowing the E. coli to revert to being able to synthesize the nutrient it was previously unable to produce.
Secondly, a suppressor mutation may arise in a different location within the genome that counteracts the original mutation's effect. This does not reverse the original mutation but provides a new pathway or enzymatic function that bypasses the block created by the original mutation, allowing the cell to grow without the required nutrient supplement.
The trees below present a hypothetical situation where "T" represents the evolution of a male trait that is attractive to females and "P" represents where the preference in females evolved. Which tree below is consistent with the sensory bias hypothesis?
Answer:
P
Explanation:
The main conclusions of sensory bias are that natural selection is the major evolutionary mechanism that affects preference and that sexual selection on preferences is quantitatively negligible. this explain why females exhibit preference.
A population’s emigration in one month totaled three individuals. During the same period, immigration was 17 individuals. Birth rate was 12, and mortality was 26 due to a parasite infection. What was the net effect on the population?
a) -14
b) 0
c) +12
d) +26
Answer:
b) 0
Explanation:
Given that:
Emigration = 3, Immigration = 17, Birth = 12, and Mortality = 26
Net effect on the population, which is the change in population, can be calculated using the formula (Births + Immigration) - (Mortality + Emigration)
Therefore, Net effect = (12 + 17) - (26 + 3)
= 29 – 29
= 0
The net effect on the population is 0. There is no increase or decrease in the total population
We think of termites as insects that eat wood. However, termites cannot digest the wood and rely on a variety of eukaryotic and prokaryotic gut microbes to digest cellulose. Without the microbes, the termites will still ingest wood but will starve. This, then, is an example of a(n); obligate mutualism. obligate antagonism. facultative mutualism. facultative antagonism. None of the answer options is correct.
Answer:
Obligate mutualism.
Explanation:
Obligate mutualism: It is defined as each organisms are obligated to each other, they rely on one another, means one species cannot survive without the other species. It may involve the interchange of resources, for example food, shelter, and nutrients or may interchange services like transportation, and protection.
Termites are mutualistic related to protozoa which lives inside the insects gut. Termite gets benefits from the bacterial symbiont ability which is present in the protozoa to digest the cellulose. The termites do not have this ability to do this, without the help of protozoa. They are not able to use their energy from the food which is wood, cellulose comes from wood it chews.
So, termites are mutualistic related to protozoans and showing obligate mutualism.