Answer:
Aminoglycosides attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis.
Explanation:
Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides:
Initially the penetrate the bacterial cell wall, to reach periplasmic space through porin channels.
Further transport across cytoplasmic membrane takes place by active transport by proton pump; an oxygen dependant process.
Aminoglycosides then bind 30S ribosomal subunits and interfare with the initiation complex. Induce misreading of genetic code on mRNA. Also causing the breakup of polysomes into monosomes thus ultimately disruping the protien synthesis.
Please help with this questions. Honestly whoever does your my hero!!
Answer:
each one with one new strand and one original strand
Explanation:
when DNA replicates its going to have one new strand of DNA and one original strand of DNA
Answer:
each with one new strand and one original strand.
Explanation:
What is a direct cause of coral bleaching?
Answer:
Warmer water temperatures can result in coral bleaching. When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. This is called coral bleaching. When a coral bleaches, it is not dead
Answer/Explanation: The main cause of coral bleaching is heat stress resulting from high sea temperatures. Temperature increases of only one degree celsius for only four weeks can trigger bleaching events. If this temperatures persist longer periods (eight weeks or more) corals begin to die.
do you think there are always clear solutions to environmental problems? explain your response.
Answer: Yes
Environmental problems like pollution has a solution. To curb this, measures must be put in place in making sure waste management agencies are establish. The work of these agencies will be handling wastes and disposing them at the best strategic places apportioned for this very purpose which will be in the outskirt of residential areas to avoid inhaling of toxins that emanates from these rubbish.
Answer:
No, there isn’t always a clear solution. Ecosystems are quite complex, and every solution has consequences. These consequences can affect another part of the ecosystem or they can negatively affect human economies or industries.
Explanation:
Which of the following is characteristic of antibodies? Group of answer choices composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains three binding sites per antibody monomer incapable of being transferred from one person to another carbohydrate structure
Answer:
Composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains.
Explanation:
Antibodies are generated by the immune system mostly by the plasma cells in acknowledgment of the existence of any foreign substance, known as an antigen via the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) variable region.
Antibodies are Y-shaped in a structure that contains 4 polypeptides 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains. This structure of antibody helps to reach their dual functions one is antigen binding and another is biological activity mediation.
Final answer:
Antibodies are composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains and have a Y-shaped structure with two antigen-binding sites. They are glycoproteins with carbohydrate structures and while certain types can be transferred from one person to another, this is not common.
Explanation:
Among the characteristics of antibodies, they are composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains, which together form the Y-shaped structure typical of these immune system molecules. Each antibody molecule has two antigen-binding sites at the ends of its 'Y' structure, contrary to the notion of having three binding sites. These binding sites are formed by the variable domains of both the heavy and light chains, highlighting the importance of the light chains in antigen recognition. Additionally, antibodies do have a carbohydrate structure as they are glycoproteins, consisting of polypeptide and carbohydrate components. While certain types of antibodies can be transferred from one person to another, such as from mother to child through breastfeeding, in the context of this question, it is likely referring to the fact that antibodies, in general, are not routinely transferred between people as a means of conferring immunity.
If there are 40 centromeres in a cell at anaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?
Answer:
Twenty (20)
Explanation:
During the mitotic cell division the centromeres join the sister chromatids of chromosomes, which are subsequently separated towards opposite poles of the spindle. After cytokinesis, daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes, thereby, in this case, the number of chromosomes will be twenty (20)
20 number of chromosomes are received by each daughter cell after cytokinesis.
There are 20 chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell after cytokinesis because 40 centromeres occurs due to replication of chromosomes and during anaphase the duplicated genetic material is separated from each other in a parent cell and after that two identical daughter cells are formed having equal number of chromosomes so we can conclude that 20 number of chromosomes are received by each daughter cell after cytokinesis.
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Mendel's F1 generation of pea plants were heterozygous. What does this mean? A. All of the offspring plants would have the recessive trait. B. Half of the offspring plants would have the dominant trait, while the other half would have the recessive trait. C. The offspring had two identical alleles for the same gene. D. The plants had two different alleles for the same trait.
Answer:
option D
Explanation:
When an organism is heterozygous for a particular trait, it means the organism has two different allele for that particular trait. An allele is the alternate for of a gene. For example, using Mendel's pea plants, he studied the height trait having the tall and the short allele for this height trait. Thus, this cn be written as (Tt) where T represent the tall allel and t represent the short allele.
Answer:
The correct answer is option D. "The plants had two different alleles for the same trait".
Explanation:
An organism that is heterozygous have two different alleles for the same gene, having only in its phenotype the trait that is expressed by the dominant allele. In this case, Mendel's F1 generation of pea plants were heterozygous. This means that all the plants had two different alleles for the same trait, but also, all the plants have only the dominant trait expressed.
what part of dna varies among dna molecules
Answer:
The part of the DNA molecule that varies among DNA molecules is nitrogenous bases.
Peripheral membrane proteins (select one):
A) penetrate deeply into the lipid bilayer.
B) are usually denatured when released from membranes.
C) can be released from membranes only by detergent treatment.
D) are generally noncovalently bound to membrane lipids.
Answer:
Peripheral membrane proteins (select one):
D) are generally noncovalently bound to membrane lipids.
Explanation:
Peripheral membrane proteins are membrane protenis that adhere only temporarily. These don't penetrate deeply into the lipid bilayer, just penetrate the peripheral regions. Also they are bound to either face of the membrane by noncovalent interactions. There are many different categories of peripheral membrane proteins: Membrane-targeting domains; transporters of small hydrophobic molecules ; electron carriers ; Polypeptide hormones, toxins, and antimicrobial peptides; structural domains; enzymes.
Positively charged DNA migrates more rapidly than negatively charged DNA b. Longer DNA fragments migrate farther on a gel than shorter fragments c. Migration distance on a gel is inversely proportional to DNA fragment size d. Uncut DNA migrates farther on a gel than DNA cut with restriction enzyme
Answer:
c. Migration distance on a gel is inversely proportional to DNA fragment sizeExplanation:
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a genetic material that is a type of macromolecule. It is made up of a monomer that ais called a nucleotide. Each nucleotide is made up of a deoxyribose sugar, a base, and a phosphate group. Due to the presence of phosphate group DNA has negative property. When the DNA is separated by the gel electrophoresis method the size of the fragment of the DNA plays an important role. Those DNA fragments that are small in size migrate faster than those DNA fragments that are larger in size. So the migration distance is inversely proportional to the DNA fragment size.Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size, with smaller fragments traveling farther due to DNA's negative charge. Longer fragments migrate less because of greater friction in the gel.
The question deals with principles of gel electrophoresis, a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size. DNA is negatively charged due to the phosphate groups in its backbone, and thus it migrates towards the positive electrode during electrophoresis. The distance that DNA migrates through the gel is inversely proportional to the size of the DNA fragment, meaning that smaller DNA fragments travel farther than larger ones.
This separation allows for the analysis and comparison of DNA fragments within a sample. Crucial to understanding gel electrophoresis is recognizing that longer DNA fragments migrate a shorter distance due to increased friction against the gel's matrix, contrary to unmodified statements that imply longer DNA might travel farther or that positively charged DNA migrates more rapidly.
Which feature on microscope did Anton van Leeuwenhoek add that enabled him to magnify organisms about 250 times?
•drop of water
•light from oil lamp
•tubes that extend
•polished lenses
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Answer:
polished lenses
I got it right :D
what causes changes in air pressure in the atmosphere
Answer:
Air pressure is caused by the weight of the air molecules above
Explanation:
Air pressure is caused by the weight of the air molecules above. Even tiny air molecules have some weight, and the huge numbers of air molecules that make up the layers of our atmosphere collectively have a great deal of weight, which presses down on whatever is below.
A microRNA is a _______ that binds an mRNA from a different gene to ___________. Group of answer choices double-strand of RNA; prevent its translation double-strand of RNA; prevent its transcription double-strand of RNA; activate its transcription single-strand of RNA; prevent its transcription single-strand of RNA; prevent its translation
Answer:A microRNA is a single strand of RNA that binds an mRNA from a different group to prevent its translation.
Explanation:
MicroRNA are a class of 22 nucleotide, non-coding RNAs that are evolutionarily conserved from plants to animals and negatively regulate gene targets by inhibiting protein translation or enhancing mRNA degradation. MiRNA are transcriped by RNA polymerase II as large RNA as large RNA precursors called PRI-miRNA.
Answer:
The correct answer is "double-strand of RNA; prevent its translation".
Explanation:
A microRNA is a small non-coding RNA molecule that is double stranded of approximately 22 to 33 nucleotides in length. The function of microRNA is to regulate gene expression by silencing complementary mRNA, which causes their silencing. Once the microRNA binds to an mRNA, the mRNA is silenced and do not proceed to be translated into a protein.
A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interact with one another is a ___ .
The process that gives rise to new species is called _______.
A ______ is anything that prevents successful interbreeding between species.
The defines a ______ as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed with one another and produce fertile offspring.
The groups of the same species living and interacting in the same area are populations. New species come into existence through a process called speciation. Anything that hinders successful interbreeding between species is a reproductive barrier. A species, as defined in Biology, is a group of populations capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.
Explanation:A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interact with one another is called a population. The process that gives rise to new species is known as speciation. A reproductive barrier is anything that prevents successful interbreeding between species. Biology defines a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed with one another and produce fertile offspring.
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What are the effect of a greater number of cysteine amino acids on the stability of the proteins?
Answer:
The effect of a greater number of cysteine amino acids enhance the stability of the proteins due to formation of S-S bridge .Explanation:
Cysteine is a naturally occuring amino acid and it is exist in L-form abundantly .Cysteine involve in formation of sulfhydril group which is very reactive . Cysteine easily oxidised to form dimer i.e., known as Cystine . Cystine is very important to analyse the primary structure of proteins , effects while changing in secondary structure and stablization of tertiary and quaternary structure . Cysteine play very important role in three dimensional conformation of protein molecule and provide stablity . Disulfide bridge present between two cysteine are responsible for the formation of the loops of backbone and disulfide bridge also provide the stability to loop of various proteins molecule . Quaternary structure mainly possible because of cysteine , here disulfide bridge of cysteine cause the linkage of various seprated polypeptides . In quaternary structure of various polypeptide chains are joinded together by interchain disulfide bridge . These interchains of disulfide bridge also provide stability of quaternary structure of proteins . The present of greater number of cysteine amino acids enhance the stablity of proteins molecules .
Proteins are generally more stable when they contain more cysteine amino acids. This is because cysteine can form disulfide bonds that adds to the stability and structure of proteins. This effect is common in proteins found in harsh environmental conditions.
Explanation:Proteins are often stabilized by the presence of cysteine amino acids. Cysteine is unique among amino acids due to its ability to form disulfide bonds, which add stability and contribute to the three-dimensional structure of proteins. As a result, proteins with a greater number of cysteine residues often have greater protein stability.
This enhanced stability due to an increase in cysteine is often seen in proteins that function in harsh environmental conditions strain, heat, and chemical stress. For example, proteins found in thermophiles (organisms that live in very high temperatures) often have a high number of cysteine amino acids to improve the stability of the proteins.
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How does the respiratory system work with the muscular system
Answer:
The muscular system helps push air in and out of the respiratory system. The respiratory system has the lungs to deliver air to the muscles
Explanation:
Which organism is a tertiary consumer?
clownfish
brittle star
killer whale
octopus
Answer:
killer whale
Explanation:
The main function of the inflammatory response is 1.to initiate the production of antibodies. 2.remove contaminating microorganisms 3.initiate repair of damaged tissues. 4.initiate T-cell-mediated immune responses.
Answer:
3.initiate repair of damaged tissues.
Explanation:
Inflammation is a process or response that occurs when the immune cells produce substances in order to protect the body from injuries infection by foreign microbes like viruses and bacteria. The main functions of inflammation or inflammatory response are to remove the cause of injuries in cell, get rid of damaged tissues and necrotic cells that might have been damaged during injury and initiate the repair of damaged tissues.
During inflammatory response certain symptoms like redness, heat/warmth, swelling and pain are most likely to be experienced.
What property of the elements determines the charge the
element's ions will have?
Answer:
The answer is below with my explanation. ((:
Explanation:
The chemical properties of an element are determined by the configuration of its electrons in orbit around its nucleus. The number of electrons in orbit is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus (each proton has an an electrical charge of plus one, while each electron has the same charge only negative one).
I hope this helps :))
Answer:
Metals lose electrons to form positively charged ions and nonmetallic elements gain electrons to form negatively charged ions.
A woman age 58 years is suffering from food poisoning after eating at a local restaurant. She has had nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 12 hours. Her blood pressure is 88/50 and she is diaphoretic. She requires:a) An access route to replace fluids in combination with blood productsb) Replacement of fluids for those lost from vomiting and diarrheac) Intravenous fluids to be administered on an outpatient basisd) An access route to administer medications intravenously
Answer:
Explanation:
replacement of fluids for those lost from vomiting and diarrhea
What does it mean when we say a gene is "turned off"? What does it mean when we say a gene is "turned off"? The gene is now activated. The gene cannot be transcribed and translated into a protein. The gene has a mutation. The gene is no longer working properly.
Answer:
A GENE IS SAID TO BE TURN UP WHEN THEY GENE CANNOT BE TRANSCRIBED AND TRANSLATED INTO A PROTEIN.
Explanation:
Genes can be turned on and off bu cells which is the process of gene regulation. Gene regulation involves the mechanisms used by cells to induce or repress the expression of a gene which is an important part of normal development. Gene regulation involves structural changes made to the gene to ensure transcription occur or prevent transcription, the genes can be bound to a specific DNA receptor and the mechanism that modifies translation of mRNA. Gene regulation helps the cell determine which gene to be transcribed and the number of protein molecules to be made at any given time. Gene regulation occurs at any point of gene expression but its most common during transcription of DNA to an mRNA molecule. Signals from the environment activates transcription factors which determines the process of transcription by binding to the regulatory regions of the genes.
What is the term for an organisms ability to survive and reproduce?
A. Fitness
B. Environment
C. Selection
D. Population
What interactions contribute the most to holding the two strands of dna together?
Answer:
Mainly by Hydrogen bonds and the Van der Waals forces
Explanation:
The DNA double helix (both strands of DNA) are held closs together by i) mainly hydrogen bonds between complementary bases and ii) the Van der Waals base-stacking interaction.
The hydrogen bonds between the base pairs form the double helical structure of DNA. There is no exchange or sharing of electrons in hydrogen bonds.
G always pairs with C with three hydrogen bonds and T always pairs with A with two hydrogen bonds.
Explanation:
In DNA double helix structure , there's four nitrogen bases Adenine , Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine . Hydreogen bonds formed between these nitrogenous base in DNA . In DNA double helix , two hydrogen bonds exist between Adenine and Thymine while three hydrogen bond exist between Cytosine and Guanine . Pairing of nitrogen bases in DNA double helix is very specific and this specific and selective pairing results in 'complementary base pairing ' . Hydrogen bonds doesn't involve in sharing of electrons , it occur over short distance and it can be formed and broken easily . In DNA double helix , hydrogen bond is weaker but still contribute the most to holding the two strands of DNA together because hydrogen bonds present excessively in between the DNA double helix .
What contributes to the movement of air masses
Answer:
the answer is b natural winds
Explanation:
The two gases that the blood carries around the body are and. .
Answer:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Explanation:
Once the respiratory gases have diffused in the lungs, resulting in the blood becoming O2 rich and CO2 being exhaled, the next stage of transporting the O2 rich blood to the tissues that need it takes place.
At the same time the next batch of CO2 rich blood must be brought to the lungs for the process to take place again.
Final answer:
The two gases that the blood carries around the body are oxygen, essential for cellular energy production, and carbon dioxide, a metabolic waste product.
Explanation:
The two gases that the blood carries around the body are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is vital for cellular respiration, a process in which cells produce energy. The blood, specifically red blood cells containing hemoglobin, transports oxygen from the lungs to various tissues across the body. Hemoglobin has a high affinity for oxygen and, thus, is extremely effective at oxygen transport. On the other side, carbon dioxide is a waste product of metabolism and is carried back to the lungs to be exhaled. These gases exchange primarily in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli in the lungs.
What’s a variation biology meaning
Variation in biology:
any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences or by the effect of environmental factors.
Variation in biology refers to differences in genetic makeup, physiology, and behavior among individuals or groups. This is crucial in understanding human diversity and the mechanisms of inheritance and evolution. Genetic variation results from factors like mutation, migration, and natural selection.
Variation in biology refers to the differences observed in the genetic makeup, physiology, body chemistry, behavior, and culture within a population or species. These differences, also known as human variation, can be measured to understand the degrees of variation between individuals, groups, populations, or species.The study of genetics, which includes examining how genes function, interact, and produce visible characteristics, helps us comprehend how characteristics are inherited and how they vary over time and environments.One significant type of biological variation is genetic variation, which is the measure of diversity in the genetic features among individuals in a population. Factors such as mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection contribute to this variation and are essential in creating the wide range of biological diversity seen in humans.Twenty-year-old Annie comes to the clinic complaining of copious yellow-green eye discharge. Gram stain indicates she most likely has gonococcal conjunctivitis. While awaiting the culture results, the plan of care should be:1. None, wait for the culture results to determine the course of treatment2. Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) ophthalmic drops3. IM ceftriaxone4. High-dose oral amoxicillin
Answer: The correct answer to the question is option 3
IM CEFTRIAXONE
Explanation: Gonococcal conjunctivitis is an ocular condition (condition of the eye),it is a bacterial infection of the eye caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Gonococcal conjunctivitis can be transmitted/gotten when the eyes of an individual(uninfected person) comes in contact with the genitalia of an infected person.
In infants/neonates, gonococcal conjunctivitis is called ophthalmia neonatorum and it is transmitted to the neonate by the mother during childbirth.
Im ceftriaxone will be given to Annie because ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin(class of antibiotics) that is used to treat some kinds of infections caused by bacteria including ocular/eye infections.
Neisseria gonorrheae is a bacteria and gonococcal conjunctivitis a bacterial infection making ceftriaxone an ideal antibiotics to be administered to Annie.
Someone with gonococcal conjunctivitis will experience; mucopurulent discharge from the eyes that is very severe, tenderness of the eyelid and swelling/edema of the eyelid.
________ is a small infectious agent that can only replicate within the living cells of another organism.
Answer:virus
Explanation:
In general, virus replication consists of three steps that are common to all viruses: the start of the infection, genome replication and expression, and the release of mature virions from the infected cell.
What are the different process of replication of virus?The lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle are the two ways that viruses multiply.
While some viruses employ both techniques to reproduce, others solely use the lytic cycle. Throughout the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects DNA.
Lysogenic cycles vary from lytic cycles in that the virus DNA spreads through regular bacterial reproduction in lysogenic cycles.
The cell is destroyed and several copies of the virus are swiftly produced in a lytic cycle, which is more instantaneous.
Therefore, virus is a small infectious agent that can only replicate within the living cells of another organism.
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A scientist studying stars can estimate the temperatures of stars by their
Answer: gas
Explanation:
I believe it is gas because stars are extremely hot and if a living thing were to go near they could burn to death. Gas is the only way they could measure temperature
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The role that p53 protein plays in suppressing inappropriate progression through the cell cycle depends on all of the following except _______.
Options are not provided in the question. The complete question is as following:
The role that p53 protein plays in suppressing inappropriate progression through the cell cycle depends on all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A) p53 indirectly blocks G1 to S transition in the cell cycle
B) p53 activates transcription of WAF1
C) p53 stability increases in the presence of unrepaired DNA lesions
D) the ability of p53 to bind DNA lesions
Answer: D) the ability of p53 to bind DNA lesions
Explanation:
The activities of the protein p53 are dependent on its binding DNA. Specific post-translational modifications to the p53 protein are important for efficient sequence-specific binding and transcription activities. Non-sequence-specific DNA binding can involve a broad range of p53 proteins and predominate as more serious DNA damage or greater induction of p53 protein. P53 Protein is not strictly essential for sensing and repairing DNA damage. Alternatively, p53 protein can control an apoptosis checkpoint by competing with DNA repair proteins for non-sequence-specific binding in the DNA duplex to exposed single-stranded regions.
Hence, while suppresing inappropriate progression through the cell cycle protein p53 does not bind to DNA lesions.
Hence, the correct option is D.
Organisms maintain dynamic homeostasis through behavioral and physiological mechanisms. Which of the following statements is an accurate explanation of a negative feedback mechanism used by animals to regulate body temperature?A) Squirrels are able to cool themselves during warmer months by producing more brown fat, which contains abundant mitochondria and a rich blood supply. B) Desert jackrabbits have unusually large ears that serve as solar heat collectors to enable them to maintain their body temperatures. C) A ground squirrel's hypothalamus detects changes in environmental temperatures and responds by activating or suppressing metabolic heat production. D) A goldfish slows its movements when the water temperature is lower.
Answer:
Organisms maintain dynamic homeostasis through behavioral and physiological mechanisms. Which of the following statements is an accurate explanation of a negative feedback mechanism used by animals to regulate body temperature? C) A ground squirrel's hypothalamus detects changes in environmental temperatures and responds by activating or suppressing metabolic heat production
Explanation:
The temperature-regulating center of vertebrate animals is located in the hypothalamus. A ground squirrel's in there detects changes in environmental temperatures and responds by activating or suppressing metabolic heat production. Maintenance of homeostasis usually involves negative feedback loops.