An unknown compound displays singlets at δ 2.1 ppm and 2.56 ppm in the ratio of 3:2. what is the structure of the compound?

Answers

Answer 1

1) As can be seen from any 1H NMR chemical shift ppm tables, hydrogens which have δ values from 2ppm to 2.3ppm are hydrogens from carbon which is bonded to a carbonyl group. From this, we can conclude that our hydrogens belong to the type, but from 2 different alkyl groups because of 2 different signals.

 

2) So, one alkyl group is CH3 and second one can be CH or CH2.

 

3) If we know that ratio between two types of hydrogens is 3:2, it can be concluded that second alkyl group is CH2. 


4) Finally, we don't have any other signals and it indicates that part of the compound which continues on CH2 is exactly the same as the first part.

The ratio remains the same, 3:2 ie 6:4

An Unknown Compound Displays Singlets At 2.1 Ppm And 2.56 Ppm In The Ratio Of 3:2. What Is The Structure

Related Questions

Can I get some help?

Please explain and show your work!

Answers

The atomic number is the number of protons an element has, protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. All elements have no charge so the number of electrons will always equal the number of protons for an element so there are 6 electrons.

Identify the functional group(s) that appear in the molecule below. oh

Answers

OH appear in alcohol group

Methanol for example is CH3OH

If 56.0 ml of bacl2 solution is needed to precipitate all the sulfate ion in a 758 mg sample of na2so4, what is the molarity of the solution?

Answers

Answer is: molarity of solution is 0,0951 M.
Chemical reaction: BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl.
m(Na₂SO₄) = 758 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 0,758 g.
n(Na₂SO₄) = m(Na₂SO₄) ÷ M(Na₂SO₄).
n(Na₂SO₄) = 0,758 g ÷ 142 g/mol.
n(Na₂SO₄) = 0,00533 mol.
From chemical reaction: n(Na₂SO₄) : n(BaCl₂) = 1 : 1.
n(BaCl₂) = 0,00533 mol.
V(BaCl₂) = 56,0 mL = 0,056 L.
c(BaCl₂) = n(BaCl₂) ÷ V(BaCl₂).
c(BaCl₂) = 0,00533 mol ÷ 0,056 L.
c(BaCl₂) = 0,0951 mol/L.

During an effusion experiment, oxygen gas passed through a tiny hole 2.5 times faster than the same number of moles of another gas under the same conditions. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas? (Note: the molar mass of oxygen gas is 32.0 g/mol.) 2.0 × 102 g

Answers

Mass oxygen = 32.0 g/mol
Mass of unknown gas = ???

Rate of effusion unknown gas  = x
Rate of effusion (O2) = 2.5 x

r1/r2 = sqrt(m2)/sqrt(m1)
2.5x/x = sqrt(unknown mass)/sqrt(oxygen mass)
2.5/1 = sqrt(unknown mass)/sqrt(32)
2.5 * sqrt(32) = sqrt(unknown) Square both sides.
6.25*32 = unknown mass

200 = mass of unknown gas.<<<=== answer

Answer:

The molar mass of the unknown gas is 200 g/mol. R: [tex]2*10^2 g/mol[/tex]

Explanation:

We have an effusion experiment with oxygen and another unknown substance.

Oxygen effuses (v1) through a tiny hole 2.5 times faster than unknown substances (v2). It means

v1 = 2.5v2.

Molar mas of Oxygen is M1 = 32.0 g/mol.

This process can be studied by using Graham law.

[tex]\frac{v1}{v2} = \sqrt[2]{\frac{M2}{M1} }[/tex]

Where M2 is the unknown molecular mass, all the other data are given in the problem. Replacing and isolating M2. we can fin its value:

[tex]\frac{v1}{v2} = \sqrt[2]{\frac{M2}{M1} } \\v1 = 2.5 v2\\\frac{2.5v2}{v2} = \sqrt[2]{\frac{M2}{M1} } \\\\2.5 =  \sqrt[2]{\frac{M2}{M1} } \\\frac{M2}{M1} = (2.5)^2\\M2 = (2.5)^2 M1 = (2.5)^2*32.0 \frac{g}{mol}\\ M2 = 6.25* 32.0 \frac{g}{mol} = 200 \frac{g}{mol}\\M2 = 200 \frac{g}{mol}[/tex]

The molar mass of the unknown gas is 200 g/mol. R: [tex]2*10^2 g/mol[/tex]

Calculate the boiling point of water if the atmospheric pressure is 630 mmhg

Answers

95 Celsius is the answer.

The boiling point of water can be calculated by the equation:

Where:

P = Pressure in mm Hg

Po = Atmospheric pressure in mm Hg

ΔH= heat of vaporization in kJ/mol

R = Ideal Gas Constant (J/mol-K)

To = normal boiling point in Kelvin

T = boiling point of water (K)

Our known values are:

P = 630 mm Hg

Po = 760 mm Hg

ΔH = 40.66 kJ/mol = 40.66×1000 =40660

R = 8.314 J mol⁻¹ K ⁻¹

To = 373 K

Putting these values in the equation,

[tex] ln \frac{P_{0}}{P}= \frac{\Delta H}{R}(\frac{1}{T}-\frac{1}{T_{0}})[/tex]

[tex] ln \frac{760}{630}= \frac{40660}{8.314}(\frac{1}{T}-\frac{1}{373})[/tex]

Solving the equation will give:

T=370K

so, the boiling point of water is 370 K.

What is the identity of a gas that has a density of 1.4975 g/L and a volume of 8.64 L at a pressure of 2.384 atm and with a temperature of 349.6 Kelvin

Answers

Answer: H2O (water)

Explanation:

The answer choices for this question are:

A) H2O
B) N2
C) SO2
D) NO3
E) Cl2

The solution of the problem is:

1) Data:

density, d = 1.4975 g/liter
volume, V = 8.64 liter
pressure, p = 2.384 atm
temperature, T = 349.6 K

2) Formulas:

d = m/V => m = d*V

n = m / molar mass => molar mass = m / n

pV = nRT => n = pV / RT

3) Solution

n = pV / RT = 2.384 atm * 8.64 liter / (0.0821 atm*liter/K*mol * 349.6K)

n = 0.7176 moles

m = dV = 1.4975 g/ liter * 8.64 liter = 12.9384 g

molar mass = m / n = 12.9384 g / 0.7176 moles = 18.03 g/mol

That molar mass corresponds to the molar mass of water, therefore the gas is H2O (water vapor).
Final answer:

The correct option is C.

The gas in question can most likely identified as SO2 (Sulfur Dioxide), based on a calculated molar mass of approximately 44.12 g/mol.

Explanation:

To find the identity of this gas, we can calculate the molar mass using the ideal gas law equation, which is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure in atm, V is the volume in L, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L.atm/K.mol) and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

However, we also know that the density of a gas can be represented as the molar mass divided by the molar volume (22.4 L at STP), so we can rearrange and solve the ideal gas law equation for the molar mass. Doing so gives us molar mass = density * R * T / P.

Substituting the given values into this equation we get molar mass = 1.4975g/L * 0.0821 L.atm/K.mol * 349.6 K / 2.384 atm = 44.12 g/mol.

Looking at the options you've provided, the molar mass closest to our calculated molar mass is SO2 or Sulfur Dioxide, which has a molar mass of 64.07 g/mol.

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The complete question is given below:

What is the identity of a gas that has a density of 1.4975 g/L and a volume of 8.64 L at a pressure of 2.384 atm and with a temperature of 349.6 Kelvin?

A) H2O B) N2 C) SO2 D) NO3 E) Cl2

The chemistry of fresco painting is the chemistry of limestone and lime plaster. limestone is calcium carbonate (caco3), an abundant, naturally occurring mineral. two key reactions, shown below, are involved in the process of converting limestone to lime plaster (calcium hydroxide). classify each of these reactions as one of the four types of reactions listed in this experiment (decomposition, synthesis, single replacement, or double replacement).

Answers

First chemical reaction: CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + CO₂(g).
CaO is calcium oxide.
CO₂ is carbon dioxide.
This reaction is decomposition. Calcium carbonate is broken down into simpler compounds.
Second chemical reaction: CaO(s) + H₂O(l) → Ca(OH)₂(aq).
This reaction synthesis. One molecule is produced from two molecules.

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

The chemistry of fresco painting is the chemistry of limestone and lime plaster. limestone is calcium carbonate, an abundant, naturally occurring mineral. two key reactions, shown below, are involved in the process of converting limestone to lime plaster (calcium hydroxide). classify each of these reactions as one of the four types of reactions listed in this experiment (decomposition, synthesis, single replacement, or double replacement).

(a)  [tex]CaCO_3(s)\rightarrow CaO(s)+CO_2(g)[/tex]

(b)  [tex]CaO(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow Ca(OH)_2(aq.)[/tex]

Answer: Equation (a) is a decomposition reaction and equation (b) is a combination reaction.

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction is defined as the reaction in which a single large substance breaks down into two or more smaller substances.

[tex]AB\rightarrow A+B[/tex]

Combination reaction is defined as the reaction in which smaller substances combine to form a larger substance.

[tex]A+B\rightarrow AB[/tex]

Single displacement reaction is defined as the reaction in which more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its chemical reaction.

The reactivity of metal is determined by a series known as reactivity series. The metals lying above in the series are more reactive than the metals which lie below in the series.

[tex]A+BC\rightarrow AC+B[/tex]

Double displacement reactions are defined as the reactions in which exchange of ions takes place.

[tex]AB+CD\rightarrow AD+CB[/tex]

For the given equations:

(a)  [tex]CaCO_3(s)\rightarrow CaO(s)+CO_2(g)[/tex]

This equation is a type of decomposition reaction in which calcium carbonate breaks down into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide

(b)  [tex]CaO(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow Ca(OH)_2(aq.)[/tex]

This equation is a type of combination reaction in which calcium oxide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide.

A potassium ion (K+) would most likely bond with _____.
Mg+
Na+
Cl-
O

Answers

That would be the negative ion:  Cl-.

Answer:

Cl⁻

Explanation:

A potassium ion K+ would bond with chloride ion (Cl⁻) than any other ion or element listed. Because potassium ion (K+) is electro positive and has lost an electron and having a low charge denisty while chloride ion Cl⁻ has a high charge density and is electro negative and has accepted an electron. Magnesium ion (Mg+) and sodium ion (Na+) can't bond with potassium ion (K+) because they have the same charge and has each lost an electron. Same charges or like charges repel while unlike charges or opposite charges attract towards each other.

Oxygen atom (O) can't bond with Potassium ion (K+) because oxygen is in an elemental state while potassium is in an ionic state and hence can't bond with each other. However of oxygen changes into ionic state (O²⁻), it'll definitely bond with potassium ion (K+) to form a compound (K₂O)

which is a substance that could be found in air, water or soil that is harmful to humans or animals?
a.) fossil fuel
b.) pollutant
c.) smog
d.) carbon dioxide

Answers

Hello!

A substance that could be found in air, water or soil that is harmful to humans or animals is a Pollutant.

The other substances cannot be found in air, water or soil. Fossil fuels can only be found in soil, smog can only be found in the air, and carbon dioxide can be found in the water or air. 

Pollutants 
are substances that have harmful effects and damage the environment.  Some examples of pollutants are Carbon Monoxide (air), Lead (soil) and Insecticides (water). 

Have a nice day!

Answer:

Pollutant

Explanation:

took test

In an acid-base neutralization reaction 43.74 ml of 0.500 m potassium hydroxide reacts with 50.00 ml of sulfuric acid solution. what is the concentration of the h2so4 solution?'

Answers

The   neutralization reaction between  potassium  hydroxide  and  sulfuric  acid   is  as  follows
2KOH  +  H2SO4 ---> K2SO4  +  2H2O

number  of   moles  of  KOH=  (43.74  x  0.500)/  1000=  0.02187 moles

the  reacting ratio  of  KOH  to H2SO4  is  2:1  therefore  the   moles  of  H2SO4  is  =  0.021187/2=  0.01094 moles

concentration(molarity) = ( 0.01094/50 ) x 1000=  0.2188M

Answer: The concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.219 M

Explanation:

To calculate the concentration of acid, we use the equation given by neutralization reaction:

[tex]n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2[/tex]

where,

[tex]n_1,M_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of acid which is [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]

[tex]n_2,M_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of base which is KOH.

We are given:

[tex]n_1=2\\M_1=?M\\V_1=50.00mL\\n_2=1\\M_2=0.500M\\V_2=43.74mL[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]2\times M_1\times 50.00=1\times 0.500\times 43.74\\\\M_1=\frac{1\times 0.500\times 43.74}{2\times 50.00}=0.219M[/tex]

Hence, the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.219 M

Which of these best explains why a paper clip can float on water?

Answers

It has an equal amount of mass and has a good center of balance.

The answer is B.) Water molecules at the surface experience fewer hydrogen bonds than water molecules within the liquid.

Hope this helped!

Question 1 (10 points) Question 1 Unsaved
How much heat is needed to raise 0.30grams of Aluminum from 30 Celcius to 150 Celcius?

(Use 0.9J/gC for the specific heat of Aluminum)

Question 1 options:

120J


32.4J


0.9J


100J

Answers

The answer would be the last option

The equation from which heat can be calculated is represented as:

q=mc\Delta T

Where, q=Heat (J)

m=mass of aluminium(g)

Delta T=Change in temperature(⁰C)

c=specific heat (J/g ⁰C)

Here ,

m=mass of aluminium(g)=0.3 g

Delta T=Change in temperature(⁰C)=150-30⁰C=120⁰C

c=0.9J/gC

Putting all the values in the above equation,

q=mc\Delta T

q=0.3×0.9×120

q=32.4 J

So, heat required will be 32.4 J.

A 0.366 mol sample of pcl5(g) is injected into an empty 4.45 l reaction vessel held at 250 °c. calculate the concentrations of pcl5(g) and pcl3(g) at equilibrium.

Answers

The equilibrium concentrations of PCl5(g) and PCl3(g) can be calculated using an ICE table and the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction PCl5 = PCl3 + Cl2 at a given temperature.

To calculate the equilibrium concentrations of PCl5(g) and PCl3(g) after 0.366 mol of PCl5(g) is injected into a 4.45 L vessel held at 250 0C, we use the equilibrium constant (Kc) and perform an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table calculation. Since we are not given the Kc for this particular reaction at 250 0C, let's assume we know this value or it is provided in the actual context of the problem.

For example, if the Kc was 0.0211, we would set up the equilibrium as follows: PCl5(g) = PCl3(g) + Cl2(g). With the initial concentration of PCl5 being 0.366 mol / 4.45 L, we would solve for the equilibrium concentrations using the Kc value, and the stoichiometry of the reaction.

At equilibrium, the concentrations are:

[tex]- \( [\text{PCl}_5] \approx 0.0032 \text{ M} \)\\- \( [\text{PCl}_3] \approx 0.079 \text{ M} \)[/tex]

To calculate the equilibrium concentrations of [tex]\( \text{PCl}_5(\text{g}) \)[/tex]and [tex]\( \text{PCl}_3(\text{g}) \)[/tex] in a reaction vessel, we need to consider the equilibrium reaction and the equilibrium constant (if provided). For the decomposition of [tex]\( \text{PCl}_5(\text{g}) \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ \text{PCl}_5(\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons \text{PCl}_3(\text{g}) + \text{Cl}_2(\text{g}) \][/tex]

Let's denote the equilibrium constant for this reaction as [tex]\( K_c \)[/tex].

### Step-by-Step Calculation

1. **Initial conditions and setup:**

  - Initial moles of [tex]\( \text{PCl}_5 \)[/tex] = 0.366 mol

  - Volume of the vessel = 4.45 L

  - Initial concentration of[tex]\( \text{PCl}_5 \)[/tex]:

    [tex]\[ [\text{PCl}_5]_0 = \frac{0.366 \text{ mol}}{4.45 \text{ L}} = 0.0822 \text{ M} \][/tex]

  Initial concentrations of[tex]\( \text{PCl}_3 \) and \( \text{Cl}_2 \)[/tex] are 0 M since they are not present initially.

2. **Change in concentrations:**

  - Let ( x ) be the change in concentration of[tex]\( \text{PCl}_5 \)[/tex]that decomposes.

  - At equilibrium:

   [tex]\[ [\text{PCl}_5] = 0.0822 - x \] \[ [\text{PCl}_3] = x \] \[ [\text{Cl}_2] = x \][/tex]

3. **Expression for the equilibrium constant [tex]\( K_c \)[/tex]:**

  [tex]\[ K_c = \frac{[\text{PCl}_3][\text{Cl}_2]}{[\text{PCl}_5]} = \frac{x \cdot x}{0.0822 - x} = \frac{x^2}{0.0822 - x} \][/tex]

  If[tex]\( K_c \)[/tex] is provided, we can solve for \( x \). If not, let's assume a hypothetical value for[tex]\( K_c \)[/tex]to illustrate the process (e.g.,[tex]\( K_c = 1.80 \)[/tex] at 250 °C, but you should use the actual value given or found from tables).

4. **Solve for ( x ):**

[tex]\[ 1.80 = \frac{x^2}{0.0822 - x} \] \[ 1.80 (0.0822 - x) = x^2 \] \[ 0.14796 - 1.80x = x^2 \] \[ x^2 + 1.80x - 0.14796 = 0 \][/tex]

  Solving this quadratic equation for ( x ):

 [tex]\[ x = \frac{-1.80 \pm \sqrt{(1.80)^2 + 4 \cdot 0.14796}}{2} \] \[ x = \frac{-1.80 \pm \sqrt{3.24 + 0.59184}}{2} \] \[ x = \frac{-1.80 \pm \sqrt{3.83184}}{2} \] \[ x = \frac{-1.80 \pm 1.9574}{2} \][/tex]

  This gives two possible solutions:

[tex]\[ x = \frac{-1.80 + 1.9574}{2} \approx 0.079 \] \[ x = \frac{-1.80 - 1.9574}{2} \approx -1.879 \] (discard this negative value)[/tex]

5. **Equilibrium concentrations:**

  [tex]\[ [\text{PCl}_5] = 0.0822 - 0.079 \approx 0.0032 \text{ M} \] \[ [\text{PCl}_3] = x \approx 0.079 \text{ M} \] \[ [\text{Cl}_2] = x \approx 0.079 \text{ M} \][/tex]

### Conclusion

At equilibrium, the concentrations are:

[tex]- \( [\text{PCl}_5] \approx 0.0032 \text{ M} \)\\- \( [\text{PCl}_3] \approx 0.079 \text{ M} \)[/tex]

The specific values of the concentrations will depend on the actual [tex]\( K_c \)[/tex]value at 250 °C.

Questions a and b. Electron pair geometry around the sb atom atom in sbf3

Answers

The electron-pair geometry is easy to determine using the Lewis dot structure. You can tell the shape based on the bonds and the lone pairs around the central atom:

1. SbF3

You have there the Lewis Dot structure of SbF3. Look at the central atom. It has 3 bonds and one lone pair. A lone pair is a pair of electrons that did not bond with other electrons of other groups. You can see the lone pair of SbF3, which is represented by the pair of dots on top of Sb. 

If there are three bonds and 1 lone pair, electron geometry of SbF3 is Tetrahedral and the molecular geometry is Trigonal pyramidal.

2. AlCl3
In this molecule, we have Al or aluminum as your central atom. Look around it, do you see pairs of dots around it? No. There are no lone pairs. Instead what you see are 3 lines, those are the bonds or bonding pairs. So you can say that AlCl3 has no lone pairs and 3 bonding pairs. 

If there three bonds and lone pairs, the electron-pair geometry of this molecule is Trigonal Planar and the molecular geometry of this is Trigonal Planar as well.  
Final answer:

The electron pair geometry around the Sb atom in SbF3 is trigonal pyramidal.

Explanation:

The electron pair geometry around the Sb (antimony) atom in SbF3 is trigonal pyramidal. This means that there are three bonding pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons around the central atom. The molecular structure of SbF3 is also trigonal pyramidal, which means that the lone pair of electrons forms the apex of the pyramid.

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at room temperature, the solubility of which solute in water would be most affected by a change in pressure?
a. sugar
b. carbon dioxide
c. potassium nitrate
d. sodium chloride

Answers

Answer:   c. potassium nitrate

Among the given substances the solubility of carbon dioxide in liquids is more when compared with potassium nitrate, sugar and sodium chloride.

Explanation:

Increasing pressure doesn’t change the amount of solid or liquid particles dissolved in a solution. Thus pressure doesn’t have an effect on the solubility of solids and liquids. But the case of gases is different.

Increasing pressure above a liquid causes more gas molecules to get dissolved in the liquid. Thus pressure of the system directly affects the solubility of gases in a liquid.

In this question sugar, potassium nitrate and sodium chloride re solids and the pressure cannot change the solubility of these in a liquid.

But carbon dioxide being a gas can be dissolved more in a liquid if the pressure is increased.

As shown in table 15.2, kp for the equilibrium n21g2 + 3 h21g2 δ 2 nh31g2 is 4.51 * 10-5 at 450 °c. for each of the mixtures listed here, indicate whether the mixture is at equilibrium at 450 °c. if it is not at equilibrium, indicate the direction (toward product or toward reactants) in which the mixture must shift to achieve equilibrium. (a) 98 atm nh3, 45 atm n2, 55 atm h2 (b) 57 atm nh3, 143 atm n2, no h2 (c) 13 atm nh3, 27 atm n2, 82 atm h2

Answers

Our reaction balanced equation at equilibrium N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ↔ 2 NH3(g)
and we have the Kp value at equilibrium = 4.51 X 10^-5
A) 98 atm NH3, 45 atm N2, 55 atm H2

when Kp = [P(NH3)]^2 / [P(N2)] * [P(H2)]^3
                = 98^2 / (45 * 55^3) = 1.28 x 10^-3
by comparing the Kp by the Kp at equilibrium(the given value) So,
Kp > Kp equ So the mixture is not equilibrium,
 it will shift leftward (to decrease its value) towards the reactants to achieve equilibrium.
B) 57 atm NH3, 143 atm N2, no H2
∴ Kp = [P(NH3)]^2 / [P(N2)]
         = 57^2 / 143 = 22.7
∴Kp> Kp equ (the given value) 
∴it will shift leftward (to decrease its value) towards reactants to achieve equilibrium.

c) 13 atm NH3, 27 atm N2, 82 atm H2
∴Kp = [P(NH3)]^2 / [P(N2)] * [P(H2)]^3
       =  13^2 / (27* 82^3) = 1.14 X 10^-5
∴ Kp< Kp equ (the given value)
∴it will shift rightward (to increase its value) towards porducts to achieve equilibrium.


A) The direction in which the mixture must shift to achieve equilibrium is;

Left Direction

B) The direction in which the mixture must shift to achieve equilibrium is;

Left Direction

C) The direction in which the mixture must shift to achieve equilibrium is;

Right Direction

Chemical Equilibrium Equations

We are given the balanced equation reaction at equilibrium as;

N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) ⇄ 2NH₃ (g)

We are given;

Kp value at equilibrium = 4.51 × 10⁻⁵

A) Formula to find Kp in an equilibrium equation is;

Kp =  [P(Product)]ⁿ/[P(Reactant 1)]ⁿ * [P(Reactant 2)]ⁿ

Where;

n is the coefficient attached to the respective product or reactant

P is the pressure

At 98 atm of NH₃, 45 atm N₂, 55 atm H₂

Thus;

Kp = [P(NH3)]²/ [P(N₂)] × [P(H2)]³

Kp = 98²/(45 × 55³)

Kp = 1.28 × 10⁻³

This calculated Kp value is greater than the given Kp value at equilibrium and thus the mixture is not equilibrium but it will shift to the left direction towards the reactants to achieve equilibrium.

B) At 57 atm NH₃, 143 atm N₂, No H₂

Thus;

Kp = [P(NH₃)]²/ [P(N₂)]

Kp = 57²/143

Kp = 22.7

This calculated Kp value is greater than the given Kp value at equilibrium and thus the mixture is not equilibrium but it will shift to the left direction towards the reactants to achieve equilibrium.

c) At 13 atm NH₃, 27 atm N2, 82 atm H₂

Thus;

Kp =  [P(NH₃)]²/ [P(N₂)] × [P(H₂)]³

Kp =  13²/(27 × 82³)  

Kp = 1.14 × 10⁻⁵

This calculated Kp value is less than the given Kp value at equilibrium and thus the mixture is not equilibrium but it will shift to the right direction towards the product to achieve equilibrium.

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how do you explain why the addition of silver nitrate to the Fe/SCN equilibrium had an effect on the equilibrium, even though neither silver ion nor nitrate ion is written as part of the equilibrium reaction?

Answers

Final answer:

Adding silver nitrate to the Fe/SCN equilibrium introduces a common ion, Ag+, which reacts with SCN- to form a precipitate, reducing SCN- concentration and shifting the equilibrium to compensate, thus affecting the system.

Explanation:

The addition of silver nitrate to the Fe/SCN equilibrium affects the equilibrium even though silver ion or nitrate ion isn't part of the equilibrium reaction because it leads to the formation of a precipitate, AgSCN, thus reducing the concentration of free SCN− in the solution.

This is an example of the common ion effect, where the addition of a common ion shifts the position of equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's Principle. As AgSCN is removed from the solution, the equilibrium shifts to the left to restore balance, decreasing the concentration of Fe(SCN)2+ and lightening the color of the solution.

Adding silver nitrate to the Fe/SCN equilibrium affects the equilibrium by removing SCN− ions through precipitation, causing a shift in the equilibrium to the left. This results in a lower concentration of Fe[tex](SCN)^2^+[/tex] and a lighter solution color.

When silver nitrate is added to the Fe/SCN equilibrium, it affects the equilibrium even though neither silver ion nor nitrate ion is directly part of the equilibrium reaction. This is because silver ion (Ag+) reacts with thiocyanate ion (SCN−) to form a precipitate of AgSCN: [tex]Ag^+ _(_a_q_)[/tex] + [tex]SCN^-_(_a_q_)[/tex] = AgSCN (s)

This reaction removes SCN− ions from the solution, thereby reducing its concentration. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium will shift to counteract this decrease by shifting to the left, thus decreasing the concentration of Fe(SCN[tex])^2^+[/tex] and causing the solution to become lighter in color.

If a translucent blue copper sulfate solution is mixed with another solution and changes to a translucent lighter blue color does that mean a physical change occurred or a chemical change?

Answers

The answer would depend on the color of the solution added. If the solution is clear, the lighter blue color could be caused by dilution of the copper sulfate.

Chemical reaction indicated by a change in color(blue to red), sedimentation, gas/bubbles, odor, and temperature changes. The lighter color(blue to lighter blue) is more likely to be physical changes than chemical

Why do some metals lose their shine over time but not gold ?

Answers

Some metals lose their shine because of corrosion, a galvanic process involving oxidation by substances like oxygen.

The reason some metals lose their shine over time is due to a process known as corrosion, which is a galvanic process that leads to the deterioration of metals through oxidation. Metals like iron rust and silver tarnish when exposed to air because of their reaction with oxygen, forming oxides on the surface. However, gold does not corrode easily due to its resistance to oxidation by common substances.

Aluminum, although reactive, forms an aluminum oxide coating that protects it from further corrosion, while copper reacts with carbon dioxide to form a green patina that serves as a protective layer. Precious metals such as gold and platinum, known for their corrosion resistance and durability, defy normal oxidation and maintain their luster over time. They are impervious to most elements and can be corroded by only a few special fluids.

Identify ammonia.
a.strong electrolyte, strong base
b.strong electrolyte, weak base
c.weak electrolyte, strong base
d.weak electrolyte, weak base
e.nonelectrolyte answer:

Answers

The answer is D. Ammonia is a weak electrolyte and a weak base. Ammonia produces ions when dissolving but remains predominantly as molecules that are not ionized. This is what  makes it a weak electrolyte. Ammonia also does not fully ionize in a solution. This is what makes is a weak base.

Looking at the stoichiometry of the reaction (see the lab manual), how many moles kmno4 must have been delivered by the buret to react with that much fe(nh4)2(so4)2 · 6h2o? 8h+ + 5fe+2 + mno4 - --> mn+2 + 5fe+3 + 4h2o

Answers

Final answer:

The stoichiometric ratio between Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O and KMnO4 in the given redox reaction is 5:1. Therefore, for each mole of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O, 0.2 moles of KMnO4 are required.

Explanation:

This problem deals with the stoichiometry of a redox reaction between Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O and KMnO4. The balanced redox reaction is:

8H+ + 5Fe+2 + MnO4 - --> Mn+2 + 5Fe+3 + 4H2O

From this balanced chemical equation, we see a stoichiometric ratio of 5:1 between Fe+2 (iron in the compound Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O) and MnO4- (manganese in KMnO4). Thus, for each mole of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O, you require 1/5 (or 0.2) moles of KMnO4. In order to fully answer your question, you would need to know the amount (in moles) of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O present.

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What is the name of this compound of P4O10

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Phosphorus pentoxide is a chemical compound with molecular formula P4O10 This white crystalline solid is the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It is a powerful desiccant and dehydrating agent.

The name of the compound P₄O₁₀  is Phosphorus pentoxide.

What is Phosphorus pentoxide?

Phosphorus pentoxide can be described as a chemical compound with the molecular formula  P₄O₁₀   and the empirical formula, P₂O₅. This white crystalline solid can be described as the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It acts as a desiccant and dehydrating agent.

Phosphorus pentoxide can be crystallized in at least four forms or polymorphs. The most familiar one, a metastable form comprises molecules of P₄O₁₀. Weak van der Waals forces hold molecules together in a hexagonal lattice.

The structure of the P₄O₁₀  cage is similar to adamantane with a tetrahedral symmetry point group. The density of P₄O₁₀  is 2.30 g/cm³ and boils at 423 °C under atmospheric pressure if heated making it sublimate.

P₄O₁₀ can be made by condensing the vapor of phosphorus pentoxide rapidly and is prepared by burning tetraphosphorus with the supply of oxygen.

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The picture below shows two galaxies. 



Which of these statements best describes a similarity between the two galaxies? (2 points)
Both have spiral arms.
Both revolve around a single point.
Both are formed by gravitational forces.
Both change their shape from time to time

Answers

The appropriate answer is C. Both are formed by gravitational forces. The first picture shows an elliptical galaxy. These galaxies can be round, nearly spherical or flattened disks. They contain very little dust or gas and the stars contained here are older than stars in other galaxies. The second picture shows a spiral galaxy that has a center made up of a thick mass of material and has flattened arms that rotate around the center. 

Galaxies are formed from the gravitational pull of massive objects in space. Some galaxies from around super massive black holes (spiral) or a group or collection or cluster of stars. 

Answer:

Both are formed by gravitational forces.

Explanation:

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The activation energy for the reaction NO2(g)+CO(g)⟶NO(g)+CO2(g) is Ea = 375 kJ/mol and the change in enthalpy for the reaction is ΔH = -250 kJ/mol . What is the activation energy for the reverse reaction?

Answers

Final answer:

The activation energy for the reverse reaction between NO2(g) and CO(g) is 125 kJ/mol. This is calculated using the formula EaR = EaF + ΔH, where EaR is the activation energy of the reverse reaction, EaF is the activation energy of the forward reaction, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy for the reaction.

Explanation:

The activation energy for the reverse reaction can be calculated using the relationship between the activation energies of the forward and reverse reactions and the enthalpy of the reaction. The formula to calculate the activation energy of the reverse reaction (EaR) is given by EaR = EaF + ΔH, where EaF is the activation energy of the forward reaction, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy for the reaction. Here, the activation energy for the forward reaction (EaF) = 375 kJ/mol and the change in enthalpy (ΔH) = -250 kJ/mol. Substituting these values in the equation gives EaR = 375 kJ/mol - 250 kJ/mol = 125 kJ/mol. Hence, the activation energy for the reverse reaction is 125 kJ/mol.

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The result is an activation energy of 125 kJ/mol for the reverse reaction.

To find the activation energy for the reverse reaction, we use the formula:

Activation Energy (reverse) = Activation Energy (forward) + ΔH

Given:

Activation Energy (forward) = 375 kJ/molΔH = -250 kJ/mol

Therefore:

Activation Energy (reverse) = 375 kJ/mol + (-250 kJ/mol) = 375 kJ/mol - 250 kJ/mol = 125 kJ/mol

So, the activation energy for the reverse reaction is 125 kJ/mol.

A solution made by dissolving 14.2g of sucrose in 100g water exhibits a freezing point depression of 0.77 degrees. Calculate the molar mass of sucrose

Answers

Final answer:

To find the molar mass of sucrose based on the freezing point depression, we first determine the molality of the solution from the observed freezing point depression and the freezing point depression constant of water. Then we calculate the number of moles of sucrose and finally divide the mass of sucrose dissolving by the number of moles to obtain the molar mass, which is 343.0 g/mol.

Explanation:

To calculate the molar mass of sucrose using freezing point depression, we utilize the formula ΔTf = i * Kf * m, where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, i is the van't Hoff factor (for sucrose, i = 1 since sucrose does not dissociate into ions), Kf is the freezing point depression constant for the solvent (water in this case), and m is the molality of the solution.

First, we need to determine the molality (m) of the sucrose solution. The freezing point depression observed is 0.77 degrees Celsius, and the freezing point depression constant (Kf) for water is 1.86 K/kg/mol. The molality is calculated using the observed ΔTf and Kf:

m = ΔTf / (Kf * i)

m = 0.77°C / (1.86°C*kg/mol)

m = 0.414 mol/kg

Now, convert the mass of the water to kilograms:

100g water = 0.1kg water

Next, calculate the number of moles of sucrose using the molality and mass of solvent:

n (moles of sucrose) = molality * mass of water (in kg)

n = 0.414 mol/kg * 0.1 kg

n = 0.0414 mol

Finally, calculate the molar mass of sucrose (M) by dividing the mass of sucrose used by the number of moles:

M = mass of sucrose / number of moles

M = 14.2g / 0.0414 mol

M = 343.0 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of sucrose is 343.0 g/mol.

When 1,000 joules of coal is burned it only produces 500 joules of electricity. What happened to the other 500 joules of energy?

Answers

The law of conservation of energy state that energy can't be destroyed but it doesn't mean the machine to convert it all into desired energy.
In a coal plant, the coal is burned to convert its chemical energy into electrical energy. Some of the energy will be converted into side product like the thermal energy of the gas that appears on the chimney or the friction produced by turbines.
In this case, the coal plants have 50% efficiency because it can extract 500 joules of electricity from 1,000 joules worth of coal.

The missing 500 joules of energy when burning 1,000 joules of coal are lost to inefficiencies in the energy conversion process, including factors like heat loss.

When 1,000 joules of coal is burned and only 500 joules of electricity is produced, the missing 500 joules of energy are lost primarily due to inefficiencies in the energy conversion process. This is a result of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which states that when energy is transformed or transferred, part of it assumes a form that cannot be used to do work (often manifested as heat). In the context of a coal-fired power station, the energy undergoes several conversions: chemical energy from the coal is converted to thermal energy (heat), which is then converted to mechanical energy (turbines spinning), and finally converted to electrical energy.

The lost 500 joules of energy in the process are dissipated as heat into the environment, sound, and other forms of energy that are not useful in generating electricity. This comes from the inefficiency of the power plant, where some of the energy is unavoidably lost due to factors like friction, heat loss through conduction, convection, and radiation, and other resistive processes within the power generation system. Therefore, the efficiency of the power station is around 50% as it is only able to convert half of the energy content of the coal into electricity. Ex. In the case provided, a coal power plant with 1,000 joules of input energy from burning coal and an output of 500 joules of electrical energy would have an efficiency of 50%. This percentage is a simplified representation of many real-world power stations' efficiency, which tends to be around 30%-40%. It is also important to note that efforts to increase the efficiency of power stations can lead to more sustainable energy practices by reducing both waste energy output into the environment, which has ecological consequences, and the amount of coal required, which affects the release of CO2 emissions.

In the following reaction, how many grams of NaBr will produce 244 grams of NaNO3? Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaBr(aq) PbBr2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) The molar mass of NaBr is 102.9 grams and that of NaNO3 is 85 grams.

Answers

295.38 grams 


Hope this helped :)

Answer:

295.3744 grams of NaBr will produce 244 grams of [tex]NaNO_3[/tex].

Explanation:

[tex]Pb(NO_3)_2(aq)+2 NaBr(aq)\rightarrow PbBr_2(s)+2 NaNO_3(aq)[/tex]

Moles of sodium nitarte= [tex]\frac{244 g}{85 g/mol}=2.8705 mol[/tex]

According to reaction, 2 moles of sodium nitrate is obtained from 2 moles of sodium bromide.

Then 2.8705 mol of sodium nitrate will be obtained from :

[tex]\frac{2}{2}\times 2.8705mol=2.8705 mol[/tex] of sodium nitrate

Mass of 2.8705 moles of sodium nitrate:

[tex]2.8705 mol\times 102.9 g/mol=295.3744 g[/tex]

295.3744 grams of NaBr will produce 244 grams of [tex]NaNO_3[/tex].

you want to prepare 50cm of 0.1m NaoH from exactly 50% (wt/wt) NaoH solution. what volume of the 50% solution is required

Answers

we want 50 cm^3 of 0.1 M NaOH, i.e we need (50 ml /1000 mL) * (0.1 mole)
= 0.005 moles of NaOH >>> (1)
we have 50 % (wt/wt)NaOH, i.e we have 50 g NaOH in 100 Solution
= 50 g / 100 g solution, to convert this to molarity (mol/L) we will do that:
(50g NaOH* 1.5253 density of solution(g/ml)* 1000)/( 40 M.wt NaOH(g/mol)*100g Solution) = 19.07 mol/L >>> (2)
From (1) and (2), ∴ 0.005 moles of NaOH = 19.07 mol/L
∴ the Volume (L) of 50% of solution = 0.005 moles / 19.07 mol/L
                                                            =  2.6 * 10 ^ -4 L = 0.26 mL

The vapor pressure of water at 25.0°c is 23.8 torr. determine the mass of glucose (molar mass = 180 g/mol) needed to add to 500.0 g of water to change the vapor pressure to 22.8 torr.42.a solution is prepared from 53.8 g of a nonvolatile, nondissociating solute and 85.0 g of water. the vapor pressure of the solution at 60°c is 132 torr. the vapor pressure of water at 60°c is 150. torr. what is the molar mass of the solute?ans:epts:1dif:difficultref:11.4chemistry | general chemistry | solutions | colligative properties | vapor pressure of a solution | vapor pressure loweringmsc: quantitative43.an ideal solution is formed from a mixture of the nonvolatile solute urea, co(nh2)2, and methanol, ch3oh. the vapor pressure of pure methanol at 20°c is 89 mmhg. if 4.4 g of urea is mixed with 39.9 g of methanol, calculate the vapor pressure of the methanol solution.a) 4.9 mmhgb)80 mmhgc)74 mmhgd) 15 mmhge)84 mmhg44.a salt solution sits in an open beaker. assuming constant temperature and pressure, the vapor pressure of the solution

Answers

Q: A
according to this formula, we can get the mole fraction of water (n):
P(solu) = n Pv(water)
when we have Pv(solu) = 22.8 and Pv(water) = 23.8 so by substitution:
22.8 = n * 23.8
n= 0.958
- we need to get the moles of glucose:
moles of water = 500 g(mass weight) / 18 (molar weight)= 27.7 mol
n = moles of water / ( moles of water + moles of glucose)
0.958   = 27.7 / ( 27.7+ moles of glucose)
0.958 moles of glucose + 26.5 = 27.7
0.968 moles of glucose = 1.2
moles of glucose = 1.253 mol
∴ the mass of glucose = no.of glucose moles x molar mass 
                                      = 1.253 x 180 = 225.5 g
Q: B
here we also need to get n (mole fraction of water )by using this formula:
Pv(solu) = n Pv(water)
when we have Pv(solu)=132 & Pv(water)=150 so, by substition:
132= n * 150
n = 0.88
so, mole fraction of solution = 1 - 0.88 = 0.12
and we can get after that the moles of water = (mass weight / molar mass)
- no.moles of water = 85 g / 18 g/mol = 4.7 moles
- total moles in solution = moles of water / moles fraction of water 
                                        = 4.7 / 0.88 = 5.34 moles 
∴ moles of the solution = total moles in solu - moles of water 
                                       = 5.34 - 4.7 = 0.64 moles solute
∴ the molar mass of the solute = mass weight of solute / no.of moles of solute
                                                    = 53.8 / 0.64 = 84 g/mole

Q: C

moles of urea (NH2)2 CO = mass weight / molar mass
                                           = 4.49 g / 60 g /mol
                                           = 0.07 mol
moles of methanol = mass weight / molar mass 
                                 = 39.9  g / 32  g/mol = 1.25 mol
moles fraction of methanol = moles of methanol / (moles of methanol + moles of urea )
moles fraction of methanol = 1.25 / ( 1.25+0.07) = 0.95
by substitution in Pv formula we will be able to get the vapour pressure of the solu :
Pv(solu) = n P°v
Pv(solu) = 0.95 * 89 mm Hg 
∴Pv(solu) = 84.55 mmHg


 

An aqueous solution of glucose behaves as an aldehyde because ________.

Answers

because It's cyclic hemiacetal and the predominant form is in equilibrium with the free aldehyde form. as glucose has an aldehyde group and five hydroxyl group and can form an intramolecular cyclic hemiacetal. In aqueous solution, glucose exists in open and closed forms.when the process of converting the close form to open form and them back to the close form the rotate of the c1 and c 2 happened, that rotation produces the two anomers α & β. So the equilibrium of α & β in solution is a resulting of this mutarotation. In glucose, the anomer β is more predominate than α anomer.

An aqueous solution of glucose behaves as an aldehyde because it's cyclic hemiacetal, the predominant form, is in equilibrium with the free aldehyde form.
Glucose is one of the sixteen aldohexose stereoisomers. Glucose has carbonyl and hydroxyl group, so glucose in aquatic solution form hemiacetal.
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