Answer:
The correct answer will be- ADH alters the reabsorption of water and RAAS leads to the reabsorption of sodium ions.
Explanation:
To maintain the osmolarity of the blood in the human body, the body activates the RAAS pathway and the production of ADH.
RAAS pathway gets activated when the receptors sense low blood pressure in the body. This activates the production of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells of the body which converts the angiotensin to angiotensin I and later angiotensin II.
This allows the reabsorption of sodium ions in the blood through proximal and distal tubules in the nephron. This activates the synthesis of aldosterone which increase the permeability to sodium ions.
The Antidiuretic hormone helps regulate the low blood pressure by adding aquaporins to the distal tubule membrane which help absorb the water.
Thus, ADH alters the reabsorption of water and RAAS leads to the reabsorption of sodium ions is the correct
Which of the following is true regarding brain development and aging?
a. Blood flow is increased in the brain.
b. The brain uses more oxygen.
c. The brain becomes smaller and lighter.
d. The space between the brain and skull triples between 20 and 70 years of age.
Answer:
a,c and d
Explanation:
- brain becomes smaller and lighter with age and although in absence of disease, it retains its structure and function.
- the brain shrinks, it pulls away from from the skull and the amount of amount of space between brain and skull doubles between 20 to 70 years of age.
- Blood flow reduces within the brain , which also uses less oxygen and glucose.
Hence, options a, c and d are correct.
The brain becomes smaller and lighter with age due to loss of neurons and reduction in the size of other brain cells. Other proposed changes such as increased blood flow and oxygen use, or tripling of the space between the brain and skull are not corroborated by scientific studies.
Explanation:The correct answer to the question about brain development and aging is option (c) - the brain becomes smaller and lighter. As individuals age, the brain tends to lose mass and its weight can decrease. This is a result of the loss of neurons and the reduction in the size of other brain cells.
While the changes do not mean a decrease in cognitive abilities, they may be associated with a decrease in some types of cognitive function. Options (a), (b), and (d) are not supported by research.
Blood flow and oxygen use do not necessarily increase with age, and the space between the brain and skull does not triple between the ages of 20 and 70.
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A bacterial cell that is resistant to a particular antibiotic may spend a large amount of energy, producing the modified proteins that are needed for resistance. In such a case, what would be the effect on this cell's fitness if no antibiotic was present?
Answer:
Its fitness would lower.
Explanation:
An organism has an optimal fitness when the organisms spend their energy in performing tasks that are most appropriate to survive in the given environment.Organisms that possess the traits that are best suited to survive in a given condition is termed to be the fittest in that particular environment. In the given situation the fitness of the bacteria would be lower than other strains that lack resistance because it is spending energy that the resistant strains can use for other purposes, such as reproduction this is because even though the bacteria are resistant to a particular antibiotic there is no point of producing those resistant proteins if the antibiotic is absent in the surroundings and hence, this is not the best trait it be possessed.How do only certain cells respond to particular signaling molecules that may be sent throughout the body?
a. They express the Ras protein.
b. They express the appropriate receptor.
c.They express the appropriate second messenger(s).
d. They express the appropriate G protein. Submit P
Answer:
b. They express the appropriate receptor.
Explanation:
The signal transductions are extraordinarily specific and sensitive. Specificity is achieved by a precise molecular complementarity between the signal molecules and the receptor. For example, the thyrotropin-releasing hormone produces a response in cells of the adenohypophysis, but not in hepatocytes, which lack the receptors to this hormone.
Todd was startled when the door slammed shut. What part of the brainstem is responsible for this reflex?
Answer: The cerebral córtex.
Explanation: The cerebral córtex is formed by the grey substance, wich contains the neuron brain body. It's a thin layer, the most external part of the brain, having a 1 a 4 milimiters of density.
The córtex is where happens the most sophisticated neural process on the brain, responsible for the reflex of the human body.
The reflex is an automatic body reaction to stimulation. Reflex or responding behaviors are stimulus-response (subject-environment) interactions, unconditioned, constant and imperceptible to human eyes and time, due to how fast they happen.
The reflex is an involuntary fast answer of the brain, provided by an external inducement, which helps us to protect or adapt ourselves for the environment wich we are insert.
Mothers and teachers often say they need another pair of eyes on the backs of their heads. And another pair of hands would come in handy in many situations. You can imagine that these traits would have been advantageous to our early hunter-gatherer ancestors as well. According to sound evolutionary reasoning, what is the most likely explanation for why humans do not have these traits?
Answer:
Because these variations have probably never appeared in a healthy human. As tetrapods, we are pretty much stuck with a four-limbed, two-eyed body plan; natural selection can only edit existing variations.
Explanation:
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. This key mechanism of evolution causes changes in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.
This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and offspring can inherit such mutations (Variation).
Natural selection acts on the phenotype, the characteristics of the organism which actually interact with the environment, but the genetic (heritable) basis of any phenotype that gives that phenotype a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population.
Over time, Natural selection can result in speciation (the emergence of new species). In other words, natural selection is a key process in the evolution of a population.
Therefore, as tetrapods, we are pretty much stuck with a four-limbed, two-eyed body plan; natural selection can only edit existing variations.
Raccoons eat a variety of foods and can live in a variety of habitats, including locations near humans. Tiger salamanders eat an abundance of worms and insects and require wetland habitats so they do not dry out. Which of the following best identifies the two different species?A. Raccoons are decomposers, and tiger salamanders are scavengers.B. Raccoons are carnivores, and tiger salamanders are herbivores.C. Raccoons are generalists, and salamanders are specialists.D. Raccoons have a Type II survivorship curve, and tiger salamanders have a Type I survivorship curve.
Answer:
The correct answer is C. Raccoons are generalists, and salamanders are specialists.
Explanation:
Generalist animals feed on a wide variety of prey or food that they might find anywhere. They can develope under many enviromental conditions making use of many reasoucers.
Specialist animals search for their special kind of prey or food until they find it, inhabiting only in areas under certain contidions.
Answer:
C. Raccoons are generalists, and salamanders are specialists
Explanation:
Generalist species are able to succed in in many different environments becasue they can make use of multiple resources, it is, they do NOT depend on a single resource or on a small set of resources for their survival (for example, they are omnivorous).
On the other hand, specialist species can succed only in very specific environmental conditions where they can find the resources they need.
The diet of the raccoons is very wide and consists of invertebrates, plants, vertebrates and even when they are close to humans they feed human waste. For this reason raccoons are generalists.
salamanders are specialists because they need specific conditions; wetland habitats with insects and worms that are its food source. Under conditions other than these parameters this species will have difficulty surviving.
Animal studies indicate that: a) mammals may be relatively better at solving problems than birds b) birds have far superior reasoning skills when compared to other animals c) animals do not learn from previous experience d) animals are incapable of solving problems in their environment.
Answer: a) mammals may be relatively better at solving problems than birds
Explanation:
The most renowned case of critical thinking creatures are chimpanzees. Science has demonstrated that apes are competent to take care of issues that require unique thinking. Nowadays, our feathery friends are being watched for causal thinking and it is indicated that certain birds are capable of critical thinking errands.
Describe the time of day that an early explorer might have planned to enter a harbor and when he might have planned to leave for his trip home.Explain the reasoning.
Explain why a black asphalt parking lot feels hotter to bare your feet than a concrete sidewalk does,and describe how the heat is transformed to your feet.
Answer:
The other person is correct but i will answer the first one as i am doing it right now.
Explanation:
Note this is for any people in the future because I just realized this was posted in 2019..... anyway best of luck on yalls tests.
They should have "planned" to enter the harbor during high tide, evening. They should want to leave the harbor during low tide. They are better off going at one of the tides because of the water flow /or current.
Pls don't just copy and paste this... they might get you for plagiarizing.
You place a centrosome in a test tube that is a square plastic box the size of a cell. You add tubulin and GTP so that microtubules can be nucleated by the centrosome and be assembled in vitro. You initially place the centrosome in the lower right corner of your test tube box. Once microtubules have assembled to steady state where will your centrosome be located?
a) In the upper right corner of your test tube box
b) In the upper left corner of your test tube box
c) In the center of your test tube box
d) In the lower left corner of your test tube box
e) In the lower right corner of your test tube box
Answer:
c) In the center of your test tube box
Explanation:
Which statements are true regarding the citrate cycle?A. Mutating histidine residue 274 of the citrate synthase enzyme to an alanine amino acid would likely eliminate or reduce the enzymatic activity of citrate synthase. B. The histidine residue would hydrogen bond to acetyl-CoA throughout the reaction mechanism, stabilizing the enolate intermediate. C. Aspartate would behave as an acid in this reaction mechanism. D. Oxaloacetate would be repulsed from aspartic acid in the first step of the reaction mechanism.
Answer:
The correct answers are option A. "Mutating histidine residue 274 of the citrate synthase enzyme to an alanine amino acid would likely eliminate or reduce the enzymatic activity of citrate synthase", B. "The histidine residue would hydrogen bond to acetyl-CoA throughout the reaction mechanism, stabilizing the enolate intermediate", and D. "Oxaloacetate would be repulsed from aspartic acid in the first step of the reaction mechanism".
Explanation:
Citrate cycle is comprised of a series of reactions used in aerobic organisms to release energy from different chemical species. In this cycle, the citrate synthase enzyme catalyzes the first reaction which is the formation of citrate by the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. The enzymatic activity depends on the histidine residue 274, which acts as proton donor to the carbonyl oxygen of acetyl CoA stabilizing the enolate intermediate of citrate. Therefore, a mutating histidine residue 274 of the citrate synthase enzyme to an alanine amino acid would likely eliminate or reduce the enzymatic activity of citrate synthase, also oxaloacetate would be repulsed from aspartic acid in the first step of the reaction mechanism as a result of this modification.
Which of the following is NOT a normal, age-related change in vision?a.trouble seeing in sunlightb.trouble seeing in glare-filled environmentsc.trouble seeing close objectsd.trouble seeing in the dark
Answer:
The correct answer is option a.trouble seeing in sunlight.
Explanation:
This type of symptom is not normal to acquire with age, and it is called Photophobia.
This generates extreme sensitivity to sunlight or bright artificial light, it can even cause pain.
This can usually be caused by other medical conditions that are usually migranine, swelling inside the eye or having dry eyes.
This type of sensitivity is generated by a connection that exists between the part of the eye responsible for detecting light, and a nerve that is connected to the head.
We must clarify that photophobia is not a disease, but a symptom. Therefore, to treat it you have to get to the root problem that is causing this symptom.
The normal, age-related changes in vision include trouble seeing close objects (farsightedness), difficulty seeing in dark or glare-filled environments due to changes in the lens, cornea, and retina. However, trouble seeing in sunlight is not typical and may suggest a specific eye condition. Option a
Explanation:Out of the provided options, the one that is NOT a normal, age-related change in vision is 'trouble seeing in sunlight.' Changes in vision that are usually associated with aging involve problems seeing close objects (farsightedness or hyperopia) and trouble seeing in dark or glare-filled environments.
Farsightedness or hyperopia results when the eye does not converge rays from a close object sufficiently for them to focus on the retina, causing blurred near-field vision.
This could be due to insufficient power in the lens or the eye being too short. Trouble with vision in dark or glare-filled environments is often attributed to aging—the lens and cornea no longer focusing correctly or the retina thinning over time.
On the other hand, trouble seeing in sunlight is not a typical age-related change. It means the person might be dealing with a specific eye condition that needs medical attention.
Option a
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In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Group of answer choices
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide
Answer:
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are different in how they use and produce oxygen and carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen while cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
Explanation:The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are different in a few key ways. Photosynthesis is a process carried out by green plants, algae, and certain bacteria, in which sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. The simple equation for photosynthesis is:
6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
On the other hand, cellular respiration is a process that occurs in all living cells, including plant cells and animal cells. It involves the conversion of glucose back into carbon dioxide and water, with the release of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. The basic equation for cellular respiration can be represented as:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
So, in short, photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while cellular respiration does the opposite - it uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
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Part A A community is composed of
the factors that constitute an organism's niche.
living organisms and their nonliving environment.
one species of organism living in a specific environment on Earth.
potentially interacting populations of different kinds of organisms.
Answer:
The correct option is D. potentially interacting populations of different kinds of organisms.
Explanation:
In biology, a community can be described as the different populations of organisms that live in a certain habitat at a certain period of time.
For example, consider a habitat where there are a different type of trees, different types of plants, different types of animals, different types of decomposers. All these populations of different organisms will make a community. All the organisms in a community interact with one another in some way or another.
Interneurons receiving input from sensory neurons are located in the ________.
Answer:
Dorsal horn
Explanation:
The sensory neurons cell bodies are present in dorsal horns. The front side of spinal cord consist of two arms of it. The ventral horn is the centrally located grey matter with motor neurons cell bodies.
The dorsal horns are located at each spinal cord levels that are four in number. The sensory nuclei is present in dorsal horns that perceive somatosensory information. The information is then transferred to midbrain and diencephalon. Thus, Interneurons receiving input from sensory neurons are located in the dorsal horn.
You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that are new to science and have not been described. Your summer job is to separate them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?
Answer: The answer is Morphological Species Concept
Explanation:
Species concept includes defining the differences between two or more species, especially similar species.
Morphological Species Concept is also known as Typical Species Concept, it includes defining these differences in species using their morphological attributes such as difference in shapes of their bodies, form, structure, colors, what they look like in the inside.
The Morphological Species Concept takes into account the Anatomical features or structures and not the genetic makeup or DNA of the species.
Morphological Species Concept
The Morphological Species Concept is also known as Typical Species Concept, it includes defining these differences in species using their morphological attributes such as difference in shapes of their bodies, form, structure, colors, what they look like in the inside. It takes into account the Anatomical features or structures and not the genetic makeup or DNA of the species.
Why does telomerase have to have a built-in template for dna synthesis?
According to a theory in genetics, if tall and colorful plants are crossed with short and colorless plants, four types of plants will result: tall and colorful, tall and colorless, short and colorful, and short and colorless, with corresponding probabilities of
five sixteenths
,
four sixteenths
,
one sixteenth
,
and six sixteenths
Answer:
Tall andcolorful – 1/4
Tall andcolorless– 1/4
Short andcolorful– 1/4
Short andcolorless– 1/4
Option B
Explanation:
Please see the attachment
What must happen before acetyl CoA can be formed during respiration?
A. Lactic acid formation
B. Glycolysis
C. Fermentation
D. The Krebs cycle
Answer:
The correct answer is glycolysis.
Explanation:
Glycolysis must happen before acetyl CoA can be formed during respiration.During glycolysis the precursor molecule glucose is converted to pyruvate by a series of enzyme catalyzed biochemical reactions.
Pyruvate in aerobic condition is then converted into acetyl CoA by the help of pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme
Answer:
B Glycolysis
Explanation:
Extinction is a natural phenomenon. It is estimated that 99% of all species that ever lived are now extinct. Why then do we say that we are now experiencing an extinction (loss of biodiversity) crisis?
A) Humans are ethically responsible for protecting endangered species.
B) Scientists have finally identified most of the species on Earth and are thus able to quantify the number of species becoming extinct.
C) The current rate of extinction is high and human activities threaten biodiversity at all levels.
D) Humans have greater medical needs than at any other time in history, and many potential medicinal compounds are being lost as plant species become extinct.
E) Most biodiversity hot spots have been destroyed by recent ecological disasters.
Answer:
The correct answer is C) The current rate of extinction is high and human activities threaten biodiversity at all levels.
Explanation:
Extinction is a natural process in which certain species extinct because of the lack of adaptability to the changing environment or by other reasons but today extinction rate is increased by human interference.
In a study on fossils, it was found that earlier on every 10,000 species 2 gets extinct every century and when the extinction that occurred during the last century was calculated then it was found that approximately 500 species got extinct in past 100 years which was largely high then it would be in case of natural extinction.
This extinction rate is increased because of habitat loss of species by human interference and by threatening biodiversity at all levels by human activities. So the right answer is C.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a slowly progressive, degenerative, fatal disease affecting the central nervous system of adult cattle. It can be transmitted to humans when the infected flesh of cattle is ingested. What is BSE thought to be caused by?A) ProtozoaB) PrismsC) PrionsD) Priori
Answer:
The correct option is C) Prions
Explanation:
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or Mad Cow Disease is a disease which occurs due to transmissible particles known as prions. Prions cannot be considered as living organisms as they do not acquire many of the living characteristics. They are just considered as a protein which gest converted into an activated, toxic form as soon as they encounter a host cell. This toxic protein harms the central nervous system (CNS) of the cow host and is transmissible.
Gene expression in all organisms depends on protein synthesis. What is the last stage in protein synthesis
Answer: protein translocation
Explanation:
Protein translocation: Termination of protein synthesis takes place at this stage which leads to the release of completed and fully synthesized proteins into cytoplasm. These proteins are then targeted to different sites for functioning by specific type of mechanisms.
You observe two female fish of the same species breeding. One female lays 100 eggs and the other female lays 1000 eggs. Which one of the following is LEAST likely given the limits of fitness trade-offs?
A) The female laying 100 eggs breeds more often than the female laying 1000 eggs.
B) The female laying 100 eggs lives longer than the female laying 1000 eggs.
C) The eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the yolks of the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs.
D) The female laying 1000 eggs is larger than the female laying 100 eggs.
Answer:
The least likely likely given the limits of fitness trade-offs is the eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the yolks of the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs.
Option: (C)
Explanation:
For the female fish breeding, the number of eggs laid may differ but it doesn’t give the proper information if the female laying less eggs contains more yolk. Given that, the same fitness factor, the number of eggs laid does not mean level of concentration of yolk in the eggs.The correct option is C) The eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the yolks of the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs.
To understand why option C is the least likely given the limits of fitness trade-offs, let's consider the concept of fitness trade-offs in the context of reproductive strategies:
Fitness trade-offs refer to the idea that an organism's investment in one aspect of reproduction often comes at the expense of another. For example, energy allocated to producing many offspring (a high reproductive rate) may reduce the energy available for parental care or survival, and vice versa.
A) The female laying 100 eggs breeds more often than the female laying 1000 eggs: This is a plausible trade-off. The female with fewer eggs may compensate for her lower fecundity by breeding more frequently, thus potentially achieving a similar lifetime reproductive output to the female with more eggs.
B) The female laying 100 eggs lives longer than the female laying 1000 eggs: This is also a plausible trade-off. The female with fewer eggs may have more resources to allocate towards somatic maintenance and survival, leading to a longer lifespan.
D) The female laying 1000 eggs is larger than the female laying 100 eggs: Larger body size can often accommodate more reproductive tissue, allowing for the production of more eggs. This is consistent with the idea that larger females can produce more offspring, which is a common pattern in many species.
C) The eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the yolks of the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs: This is the least likely scenario because it does not represent a clear trade-off. Larger yolks would typically indicate a greater investment in each offspring, which is associated with a strategy of producing fewer, higher-quality offspring (K-selected species). However, the female laying 1000 eggs is already investing in producing a large number of offspring (r-selected species), which suggests a strategy of producing many, smaller offspring. It would be inconsistent for the same individual to also produce larger yolks, as this would represent a mixed reproductive strategy that is less common due to the high energetic costs involved.
Therefore, option C is the least likely given the limits of fitness trade-offs, as it does not align with the expected patterns of energy allocation in reproductive strategies.
The characteristic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that makes it different from other RNA viruses is that it:
a. inserts into the DNA of the host
b. can synthesize DNA from an RNA template
c. is infectious as a DNA single-stranded virus
d. causes hepatitis
e. synthesizes mRNA from a DNA double-stranded molecule
Answer:
Can synthesize DNA from an RNA template. (Ans. B)
Explanation:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is also known as retrovirus. Which makes it different from other RNA viruses is that, HIV stores its genetic information as ribonucleic acid rather than Deoxyribonucleic acid.
HIV's release it's RNA, when HIV enters a human cells and an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase makes a copy a deoxyribonucleic acid from the HIV ribonucleic acid. This copy of the HIV deoxyribonucleic acid is integrated into the infected cells DNA. This is known as reverse process of which is used by the human cells, that makes RNA copy of DNA.
That's why HIV is known as retrovirus, referring to the backward process.
The characteristic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that makes it different from other RNA viruses is that it can synthesize DNA from an RNA template.
Correct option :b
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV):It is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can transform into AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).HIV is called a retrovirus because it works in a back-to-front way. Unlike other viruses, retroviruses store their genetic information using RNA instead of DNA, that means they need to 'make' DNA when they enter a human cell in order to make new copies of themselves.Thus, correct option is b.
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Select the correct statement(s) about animal body plans. Select all that apply. a. Development in all animals is determined by the unique family of Hox genes (or other similar homeobox genes)b. In both protostomes and deuterostomes, the blastopore develops into the mouthc. All triploblastic animals possess a coelom
Answer:
C) Development in all animals is determined by the unique family of Hox genes (or other similar homeobox genes).
Explanation:
Development in all animals is determined by the unique family of Hox genes, in both protostomes and deuterostomes, the blastopore develops into the mouth, and all triploblastic animals possess a coelom.
Explanation:The correct statement(s) about animal body plans are:
Development in all animals is determined by the unique family of Hox genes (or other similar homeobox genes).In both protostomes and deuterostomes, the blastopore develops into the mouth.All triploblastic animals possess a coelom.These statements are supported by the fact that animals are classified based on their body morphology and development, and different groups of animals have different patterns of coelom formation and blastopore development.
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In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. The presence of which of the following structures would allow for the most certain identification of the organism?
a.a heart
b.a filter-feeding apparatus
c.a mantle
d.a body cavity
e.eyes
The presence of a MANTLE would allow for the most certain identification of the organism (Option C).
Lobsters, shrimps, crabs and barnacles are crustaceans (phylum Arthropoda), while bivalves are mollusks (phylum Mollusca).
The mantle, also known as pallium, is a soft covering formed from the body wall in brachiopods and mollusks.
In mollusks, the mantle secretes an organic matrix that mineralizes in order to form the shell.
In bivalves, this structure (i.e., the mantle) is composed of two lobes that enclose the animal within the shell.
Arthropods have no mantle, instead, they have exoskeletons that contain and protect their internal organs.
In conclusion, the presence of a MANTLE would allow for the most certain identification of the organism (Option C).
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You observe two female fish of the same species breeding.
One female lays 100 eggs and the other female lays 1000 eggs.
Which one of the following is LEAST likely given the limits of fitness trade-offs?
Group of answer choices
The eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the yolks of the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs.
The female laying 1000 eggs is larger than the female laying 100 eggs.
The female laying 100 eggs lives longer than the female laying 1000 eggs.
The female laying 100 eggs breeds more often than the female laying 1000 eggs.
Answer:
The eggs from the female laying 1000 eggs have larger yolks than the eggs from the female laying 100 eggs.
Explanation:
Fitness trade off is the relationship between two factors namely size and reproduction, survival and reproduction,quality and quantity of the eggs etc. The size, weight and number of eggs depend on the fitness of the fish. The traits present in the fish plays a key role in the fitness trade off. Also the fertility/fecundity is a factor of the trait/allele.Cyanobacteria are important to the evolution and advancements of other life on earth because they
Answer:
Cyanobacteria are microscopic organisms found in all kinds of water. They are single-celled organisms and produce their own food from sunlight via photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria are important to evolution because they developed the oxygen atmosphere we live in by producing waste from cyanobacteria. Plants also evolved from Cyanobacteria.
Answer:
Cyanobacteria are blue-green algae that synthesize chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis. Oxygen, a byproduct of photosynthesis, was released into the atmosphere, potentially allowing the evolution of more complex forms of life.
Explanation:
bh anexp tbh
Compare the ATP available to cells when oxygen is present versus when it is absent. How might this explain why brain and heart functions are so quickly affected when a person cannot breathe?
Answer:
As brain and heart are vital organ they affected negatively when oxygen is lower as they generally require a lot of energy by oxidizing the glucose available so if oxygen is lower glucose available can't be well utilized thus lower energy and poor performance
In the presence of oxygen, cells produce more ATP through aerobic respiration. When oxygen is absent, cells rely on anaerobic respiration and produce less ATP. This explains why brain and heart functions are quickly affected when a person cannot breathe.
Explanation:In the presence of oxygen, cells can produce a large amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through aerobic respiration. This process occurs in the mitochondria and is much more efficient than anaerobic respiration. On the other hand, when oxygen is absent, cells rely on anaerobic respiration, which produces a significantly smaller amount of ATP.
The brain and heart require a continuous supply of ATP to function properly. When a person cannot breathe, their oxygen levels drop, leading to decreased ATP production. This lack of energy affects these vital organs quickly and can result in dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness.
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Members of which genus of algae are found in ponds and have chloroplasts that are arranged in a spiral?
Answer: They are the members of the genus Spirogyra.
Explanation:
Spirogyra(genus) commonly called water silk or blanket weed is a filamentous green algae(chlorophyte) commonly found in fresh water with a characteristics spiral arrangement of chloroplast and it is from the order of zygnematales . Spirogyra have more than 400 species. It belong to the kingdom plantae. Spirogyra can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
Members of the genus Spirogyra are found in ponds and have spiral chloroplasts. They are part of the charophytes subdivision of green algae and frequently encountered in freshwater environments.
Explanation:The genus of algae found in ponds with chloroplasts that are arranged in a spiral is Spirogyra. This genus belongs to the charophytes, a subgroup of green algae. Spirogyra is known for its filamentous chains of connected cells and is a common sighting in freshwater ecosystems. Its unique spiral chloroplasts are a distinguishing feature, contributing to its name and making it easily identifiable under the microscope. Members of this genus are mostly found in fresh water, but they can also inhabit brackish water and even snow patches.
Spirogyra is a genus of algae found in ponds that have chloroplasts arranged in a spiral. It is a long filament of colonial cells, and most members of this genus live in fresh water, brackish water, seawater, or even in snow patches. Spirogyra is a type of green algae that exhibits features similar to those of land plants.
Cell signaling involves converting extracellular signals to specific responses inside the target cell. Different molecules are involved at each stage of the process. In this activity, you will sort items based on which stage they are involved in: reception, transduction, or response.
1. G protein-coupled receptor
2. Phosphorylation Cascade
3. Signaling Molecule
4. Protein Synthesis
5. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
6. Second Messenger
7. IP₃, Ca²⁺, cAMP
8. Adenylyl Cyclase
1. G protein-coupled receptor. Reception. G-protein-coupled receptors mediate most of our physiological responses to hormones, neurotransmitters and environmental stimulants.
2. Phosphorylation Cascade. Transduction. Phosphorylation cascade is a process of cellular transduction by which a chemical signal is transmitted through a series of phophorylations.
3. Signaling Molecule. Reception. Cells communicate between them through signaling molecules. These molecules are proteins or other molecules produced by one cell and send through the extracellular space.
4. Protein Synthesis. Transduction. A protein synthesized by ribosome is the response after the reception and transduction.
5. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase. Reception. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase are receptors who has highly affinity by polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. The receptor produce the phosphorylation of Tyrosine when it's stimulated.
6. Second Messenger. Transduction. Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules who are released inside the cell when a first messenger is released.
7. IP₃, Ca²⁺, cAMP. Transduction. Those are second messengers.
8. Adenylyl Cyclase. Transduction. Adenylyl Cyclase is a enzyymes which catalyzes the ciclization of ATP inside the cells.