Answer:
As can be seen in the explanation, there will be a greater increase in the enthalpy of the working fluid in the adiabatic process than in the isothermal process, since in the adiabatic process the change of internal energy is added; In the isothermal process there is no change in internal energy that is added to the value of enthalpy.
Explanation:
adiabatic process:∴ Q = 0 ⇒ ΔU = W......first law
⇒ ΔU = Cv*ΔT
⇒ W = P*dV ∴ P = nRT/V
⇒ ΔH = ΔU + P*ΔV = Cv*ΔT + nRT/V*ΔV
isothermally ( T = constant ):∴ ΔT = 0 ⇒ ΔU = 0
⇒ Q = - W = nRTLn(V2/V1)
⇒ ΔH = PΔV = nRT/V*ΔV
Final answer:
For a greater increase in the enthalpy of the working fluid in a reversible flow compressor, the isothermal process is more favorable than the adiabatic process. This is because the isothermal process allows for heat exchange with the surroundings, directly increasing the enthalpy, unlike the adiabatic process where there's no heat exchange.
Explanation:
To determine which condition between adiabatic and isothermal will lead to a greater increase in the enthalpy of the working fluid, it is essential to understand the concepts of adiabatic and isothermal processes in the context of a reversible flow compressor. In an adiabatic process, the system is thermally insulated, leading to no heat exchange with the surroundings, which in turn means that any work done on the system results directly in changes to the system's internal energy and hence, its temperature. On the other hand, during an isothermal process, the system's temperature is kept constant by allowing heat exchange with the surroundings, effectively absorbing or releasing heat as work is done on or by the system.
By comparing the expressions dU = Tds - PdV and dH = TdS + VdP, and knowing that dH represents the increase in enthalpy (the heat added at constant pressure), it's evident that during an isothermal process, where temperature is constant, the system can absorb or release heat without changing temperature, ideally through reversible compressions or expansions that allow it to maintain equilibrium with a thermal reservoir. This contrasts with an adiabatic process where any work done on the system directly influences its internal energy and, consequently, temperature, without the exchange of heat with its surroundings.
Therefore, for a greater increase in the enthalpy of the working fluid, the isothermal process is favorable. This is because it allows for heat exchange, facilitating a direct increase in enthalpy, as opposed to the adiabatic process, where the increase in internal energy does not directly translate to an increase in enthalpy due to the lack of heat exchange.
Will chromium metal dissolve in 10 M hydrochloric acid? a) yes b) no c) impossible to tell
Answer:
The correct option is: a) yes
Explanation:
Chromium is a chemical element that belongs to the group 6 of the periodic table and a member of the d-block. It is a hard and brittle transition metal having atomic number 24.
The hydrated chlorides of chromium can be obtained by dissolving the chromium metal in sulphuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
Combustion of 8.9541 grams of C4H10 will yield (Example answer: 2.345) Do not enter units. grams of CO2. (Assume 100% yield)
Answer: The mass of carbon dioxide produced is 27.1 grams.
Explanation:
Combustion reaction is defined as the reaction in which a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water molecule.
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] .....(1)
Given mass of butane = 8.9541 g
Molar mass of butane = 58.12 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of butane}=\frac{8.9541g}{58.12g/mol}=0.154mol[/tex]
The chemical equation for the combustion of butane follows:
[tex]2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow 8CO_2+10H_2O[/tex]
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of butane produces 8 moles of carbon dioxide
So, 0.154 moles of butane will produce = [tex]\frac{8}{2}\times 0.154=0.616mol[/tex] of carbon dioxide
Now, calculating the mass of carbon dioxide by using equation 1, we get:
Moles of carbon dioxide = 0.616 moles
Mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]0.616mol=\frac{\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}}{44g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}=27.1g[/tex]
Hence, the mass of carbon dioxide produced is 27.1 grams.
Sketch and label a covalent bond and an ionic bond (you do not need to draw the metallic bond or intermolecular force). Describe the role of electrons in covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds (you do not need to describe the intermolecular force), and describe the strength of these bonds. Also explain (no sketch) how differences in bonds cause diamond and graphite to have very different properties (2.11A).
Answer:
See attached image
Explanation:
An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond in which occurs an electrons transfer, where one of the atoms act as a donor and the other act as the acceptor. Compound with ionic bonds are very stables and strong because of the attraction of the opposite charges. These attractions help ions stay together forming solid nets.
A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond in which the electrons are shared. Unlike the ionic bond, the atoms act at the same time as donors and acceptors sharing their electrons. The covalent bond keeps the atoms together because an electrostatic force, thus this bond is weaker than the ionic bond.
A metallic bond is a force which keeps together metallic atoms. In this type of bond, there is no transfer or sharing of electrons. The atoms are kept together because of an electrostatic force. Since there is no electron exchange involved a metallic bond is weaker than the other two.
In diamond, every carbon atom shared four electrons with other carbon atoms between a covalent bond. These form a regular tetrahedron. On the other side, graphite has a layer structure, in which every layer hold carbon atoms wich shared electrons with other tree atoms. All the layers stay together because of the Van der Waals force. These difference in bonds cause to have different properties, diamond is one of the hardest materials and graphite it is not.
Use the Ref An aqueous solution of chromium(II) acetate has a concentration of 0.260 molal. The percent by mass of chromium(II) acetate in the solution is Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining
Answer:
The percent by mass of chromium(II) acetate in the solution is 4.42%.
Explanation:
Molality of the chromium(II) acetate solution = 0.260 m = 0.260 mol/kg
This means that in 1 kg of solution 0.260 moles of chromium(II) acetate are present.
1000 g = 1 kg
So, in 1000 grams of solution 0.260 moles of chromium(II) acetate are present.
Then in 100 grams of solution = [tex]\frac{0.260 mol}{1000}\times 100=0.0260 mol[/tex]
Mass of 0.0260 moles chromium(II) acetate:
= 0.0260 mol × 170 g/mol = 4.42 g
[tex](w/w)\%=\frac{\text{mass of solute in 100 gram solution}}{100}\times 100[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{4.42 g}{100 g}\times 100=4.42\%[/tex]
The percent by mass of chromium(II) acetate in the solution is 4.42%.
At 1.00 atmosphere pressure, a certain mass of a gas has a temperature of 100oC. What will be the temperature at 1.13 atmosphere pressure if the volume remains constant?
Answer: Final temperature of the gas will be 330 K.
Explanation:
Gay-Lussac's Law: This law states that pressure is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant volume and number of moles.
[tex]P\propto T[/tex] (At constant volume and number of moles)
[tex]{P_1\times T_1}={P_2\times T_2}[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = initial pressure of gas = 1.00 atm
[tex]P_2[/tex] = final pressure of gas = 1.13 atm
[tex]T_1[/tex] = initial temperature of gas = [tex]100^0C=(100+273)K=373K[/tex] K
[tex]T_2[/tex] = final temperature of gas = ?
[tex]{1.00\times 373}={1.13\times T_2}[/tex]
[tex]T_2=330K[/tex]
Therefore, the final temperature of the gas will be 330 K.
Just as the depletion of stratospheric ozone threatens life on Earth today, its accumulation was one of the crucial processes that allowed life to develop in prehistoric times: 3O2(g) → 2O3(g) At a given instant, the reaction rate in terms of [O2] is 2.17 × 10−5 mol/L·s. What is it in terms of [O3]? Enter your answer in scientific notation.
Answer:
Rate in terms of formation of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] is [tex]1.45\times 10^{-5}mol/L.s[/tex]
Explanation:
According to law of mass action for this reaction: Rate = [tex]-\frac{1}{3}\frac{\Delta [O_{2}]}{\Delta t}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t}[/tex][tex]-\frac{\Delta [O_{2}]}{\Delta t}[/tex] represents rate of disappearance of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] and [tex]\frac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t}[/tex] represents rate of formation of [tex]O_{3}[/tex]Here, [tex]-\frac{\Delta [O_{2}]}{\Delta t}=2.17\times 10^{-5}mol/L.s[/tex]So, [tex]\frac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t}=\frac{2}{3}\times -\frac{\Delta [O_{2}]}{\Delta t}=\frac{2}{3}\times (2.17\times 10^{-5}mol/L.s)=1.45\times 10^{-5}mol/L.s[/tex]Hence rate in terms of formation of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] is [tex]1.45\times 10^{-5}mol/L.s[/tex]The rate of formation is the time taken by the reaction to yield the product by the chemical change in the reactants. The rate of the formation of the ozone is [tex]1.45 \times 10^{-5} \;\rm mol/Ls[/tex].
What is the law of mass action?The law of mass action states that the rate of the reaction is proportional to the product of the reactant masses.
Rate according to the law of mass action:
[tex]\rm -\dfrac{1}{3}\dfrac {\Delta[O_{2}]}{\Delta t} = \rm \dfrac{1}{2}\dfrac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t}[/tex]
Here,
Rate of disappearance of oxygen [tex](\rm -\dfrac {\Delta[O_{2}]}{\Delta t} ) = 2.17 \times 10^{-5} \;\rm mol/Ls[/tex] Rate of formation of ozone =[tex]\rm \dfrac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t}[/tex]Substituting values in the above equation:
[tex]\begin{aligned}\rm \dfrac{\Delta [O_{3}]}{\Delta t} &= \dfrac{2}{3}\times - \rm \dfrac{\Delta [O_{2}]}{\Delta t}\\\\&= \dfrac{2}{3} \times (2.17 \times 10^{-5})\\\\&= 1.45 \times 10^{-5}\;\rm mol/Ls\end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the rate of formation in the terms of ozone is [tex]1.45 \times 10^{-5} \;\rm mol/Ls.[/tex]
Learn more about the rate of formation here:
https://brainly.com/question/12171650
What is the approximate buffering range of formic acid? a. You have a formic acid/potassium formate solution that has a pH of 4.75. What is the ratio of the formate to the formic acid? b.
Answer:
a. The buffering range is between 2.74 and 4.74.
b. The ratio of the formate to the formic acid is 10.23.
Explanation:
a. For every buffer solution, the optimal effective range is pH = pKa ± 1. Outside this range, the buffer does not work properly.
For the formic acid, the pKa is 3.74, thus the optimal range is between 2.74 and 4.74.
b. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a chemical expression used to calculate the pH of a buffer knowing the ratio of the acid to base, or to calculate the ratio knowing the pH. The expression is:
[tex]pH = pKa + Log \frac{[A^{-}]}{[HA]}[/tex]
where [A^{-}] is the concentration of the conjugate base and [HA] is the concentration of the acid.
For a formic acid/potassium formate solution that has a pH of 4.75 and pka of 3.74:
[tex]pH - pKa =4.75 - 3.74 = 1.01 = Log \frac{[A^{-}]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{[A^{-}]}{[HA]} = 10^{1.01} = 10.23[/tex]
Air at 293 K and 750 mm Hg pressure has a relative humidity of 80%. What is its percent humidity? The vapour pressure of water at 293 K is 17.5 mm Hg. (a) 80.38 (b) 80 (c) 79.62 (d) 78.51
Answer : The correct option is, (c) 79.62
Explanation :
The formula used for percent humidity is:
[tex]\text{Percent humidity}=\text{Relative humidity}\times \frac{p-p^o_v}{p-p_v}\times 100[/tex] ..........(1)
The formula used for relative humidity is:
[tex]\text{Relative humidity}=\frac{p_v}{p^o_v}[/tex] ...........(2)
where,
[tex]p_v[/tex] = partial pressure of water vapor
[tex]p^o_v[/tex] = vapor pressure of water
p = total pressure
First we have to calculate the partial pressure of water vapor by using equation 2.
Given:
[tex]p=750mmHg[/tex]
[tex]p^o_v=17.5mmHg[/tex]
Relative humidity = 80 % = 0.80
Now put all the given values in equation 2, we get:
[tex]0.80=\frac{p_v}{17.5mmHg}[/tex]
[tex]p_v=14mmHg[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the percent humidity by using equation 1.
[tex]\text{Percent humidity}=0.80\times \frac{750-17.5}{750-14}\times 100[/tex]
[tex]\text{Percent humidity}=79.62\%[/tex]
Therefore, the percent humidity is 79.62 %
Name the following ternary acids. a. H2 SO4 e. HMnO4 i. HNO2 m. HClO4 b. H2 SO3 f. H2 CrO4 j. H2 CO3 n. HClO3 c. H2 S2 O3 g. H3 BO3 k. H2 C2 O4 o. HClO2 d. H3 PO4 h. HNO3 l. CH3 COOH p. HClO
Answer:
H2 SO4 (Sulfuric acid) - HMnO4 (Permanganic acid) - HNO2 (Nitrous acid) HClO4 (Perchloric acid) - H2 SO3 (Sulphurous acid) - H2CrO4 (Chromic acid) H2CO3 (Carbonic acid) - HClO3 (Chloric acid) - H3BO3 (boric acid) - HClO2 (Chlorous acid) H3PO4 (Phosphoric acid) HNO3 (Nitric acid) - HClO (Hypochlorous acid) - CH3 COOH (acetic acid) - H2S2O3 (Thiosulfuric acid)- H2C2O4 (oxalic acid)
Explanation:
To name the ternary acid, they have to obbey the following formula
Hx - Non metal - Oy
where the oxidation state in H and O are +1 y -2 respectively.
When the oxidation state of the central Non metal is odd, the atomicity of H is 1 and in the O is deduced in such a way that the sum of oxidation states is 0.
When the oxidation state of the central No metal is even, the atomicity of H is 2 and in the O is deduced in such a way that the sum of oxidation states is 0.
IV V VI VII
- - 1 Hypo ……. Ous
- 3 4 3 … ous
4 5 6 5 … ic
7 Per …… Ous
The oxalic acid is an organic compound of two carboxyl groups, so it is also called ethanedioc acid; It is actually known as oxalic by some plants of the genus oxalis. (prefix et (2 carbons))
The acetic acid that comprises a carboxylic group and a methyl group is also an organic compound. It is popularly known as acetic acid but it is actually called methylcarboxylic acid or having two carbons, ethanoic acid.
A 36.5 lb child has a Streptococcus infection. Amoxicillin is prescribed at a dosage of 25 mg per kg of body.How many hours should pass between each administration?number of hours:Amoxicillin should be stored between 0 °C and 20 °C. Should the amoxicillin be stored in the freezer or the refrigerator?
Answer:
36.5 lbs weight of child able to take 413.91 mg/ day dose
Amoxicillin should be stored in temperature 0°C to 20°C, therefore it must be stores in refrigerator as it provided temperature only between 0°C to 5°C.
Explanation:
Given data:
Dosage of Amoxicillin as prescribed is 25 mg/kg-day
Weight of the Child weight = 36.5 lbs
As We know 1 lbs = 0.4536 kg
therefore, the weight of Child is 36.5\times 0.4536 kg = 16.5564 kg
From the information about dosage,
1 kg of body takes = 25 mg/day
so, for 16.556 kg body [tex]16.5564\ kg \ body\ takes = 25\times 16.5564 = 413.91 mg/day[/tex]
Therefore 36.5 lbs weight of child able to take 413.91 mg/ day dose
Amoxicillin should be stored in temperature 0°C to 20°C, therefore it must be stored in refrigerator as it provided temperature only between 0°C to 5°C.
Final answer:
To calculate the amoxicillin dosage for a child, convert the child's weight to kilograms, multiply by the prescribed mg/kg dosage, then divide by the tablet strength. Amoxicillin should be stored in a refrigerator, not a freezer.
Explanation:
The question relates to the prescription and administration of amoxicillin dosage based on a patient's weight. To determine the number of tablets to administer, you will need to convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms (1 pound = 0.453592 kg), multiply the child's weight in kilograms by the prescribed dosage per kilogram and then divide the total dosage by the amount of medicine per tablet.
Using the information provided, if a doctor prescribes amoxicillin at 30mg/kg to a child weighing 73.5 lbs, first convert the weight: 73.5 lbs × 0.453592 = 33.3 kg approximately. Next, calculate the total dosage: 33.3 kg × 30 mg/kg = 999 mg. Since amoxicillin is available in 500 mg tablets, divide the total dosage by the tablet strength: 999 mg / 500 mg/tablet = about 2 tablets (always round to the nearest whole number when it involves whole tablets).
Amoxicillin should be stored between 0 °C and 20 °C, which is typically within the temperature range of a refrigerator, not a freezer. Therefore, amoxicillin should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its efficacy.
Match with the correct definition.
A.
Each electron state can hold no more than two electrons, which must have opposite spins.
B.
Electron sharing between two adjacent atoms such that each atom assumes a stable electron configuration.
C.
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
D.
The positively charged ion cores are shielded from one another, and also "glued" together by the sea of valence electrons.
Ionic bonding: A, B, C, or D?
Covalent Bonding: A,B,C or, D?
Metallic bonding: A, B, C, or D?
Pauli exclusion principle: A, B C, or D?
Answer:
Ionic bonding: C
Covalent bonding: B
Metallic bonding: D
Pauli exclusion principle: A
Explanation:
All the electrons in 1 atom are characterized by a series of 4 numbers, known as quantum numbers. These numbers (n, l, ml, ms) describe the state of each electron (in which level, sublevel, orbital it is and its spin). For 2 electrons to coexist in the same atom they must differ in at least of these numbers. If they occupy the same level, sublevel and orbital, then they must have different (and opposite) spins. This is known as Pauli exclusion principle.
Also, to gain stability atoms can gain, lose or share electrons. In doing so they form bonds. There are 3 kinds of bonds:
Ionic bonding: these are formed between metals and nonmetals. Metals tend to lose electrons and form cations (positive ions) and nonmetals tend to gain electrons and form anions (negative ions). Cations and anions attract each other due to electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.Covalent bonding: these are formed between nonmetals, which share pairs of electrons so as to reach the electron configuration of the closest noble gas (the most stable electron configuration).Metallic bonding: valence electrons are loose in metals, so they move together as a "sea of electrons", acting as "glue" of the remaining positive cores (electrons that are negative charges serve to attract the positive charges of the cores).If you mix 50mL of 0.1 M TRIS acid with 60 mL of0.2 M
TRIS base, what will be the resulting pH?
Answer: The pH of resulting solution is 8.7
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}[/tex]
For TRIS acid:Molarity of TRIS acid solution = 0.1 M
Volume of solution = 50 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]0.1M=\frac{\text{Moles of TRIS acid}\times 1000}{50mL}\\\\\text{Moles of TRIS acid}=0.005mol[/tex]
For TRIS base:Molarity of TRIS base solution = 0.2 M
Volume of solution = 60 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]0.2M=\frac{\text{Moles of TRIS base}\times 1000}{60mL}\\\\\text{Moles of TRIS base}=0.012mol[/tex]
Volume of solution = 50 + 60 = 110 mL = 0.11 L (Conversion factor: 1 L = 1000 mL)
To calculate the pH of acidic buffer, we use the equation given by Henderson Hasselbalch:[tex]pH=pK_a+\log(\frac{[salt]}{[acid]})[/tex]
[tex]pH=pK_a+\log(\frac{[\text{TRIS base}]}{[\text{TRIS acid}]})[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]pK_a[/tex] = negative logarithm of acid dissociation constant of TRIS acid = 8.3
[tex][\text{TRIS acid}]=\frac{0.005}{0.11}[/tex]
[tex][\text{TRIS base}]=\frac{0.012}{0.11}[/tex]
pH = ?
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]pH=8.3+\log(\frac{0.012/0.11}{0.005/0.11})\\\\pH=8.7[/tex]
Hence, the pH of resulting solution is 8.7
A plastic rectangle has dimensions of 1.0 cm, 2.0 cm and 3.0 cm respectively. It masses 5.5 g when placed on an electronic mass balance. What is its density? Would it float in water? Density of water is 1.0 g/mL.
Answer:
0.917g/cm^3
Explanation:
Density = Mass/ Volume.
Given,
Mass = 5.5g
Volume of the plastic = L*W*H
= 1.0 x 2.0 x 3.0 = 6.0cm^3
Density = Mass/volume
= 5.5g/6.0cm^3
= 0.9166666666
= 0.917g/cm^3
Since the density of water is greater than that of the plastic, it means that the plastic will float in water.
Answer:
Sinking of the block in water will not happen.
Explanation:
An object’s (block in this case) density can be found out by dividing the mass of that object from its volume. In the given question the mass of rectangular block is given as 5.5 gram and the sides of the rectangular block is [tex]1, 2 and 3 cm[/tex] so volume will be [tex]6 cm^3[/tex]
[tex]Density = Mass/ Volume[/tex]
Now to calculate the density [tex]5.5/ 6= 0.91g/ml[/tex]
This block will float on water since the block’s density is less than water.
Of the two type of bonds (pi and sigma), which is capable of rotation around that bond and which is not? Why?
Answer:
The sigma bonds are capable of rotating, the pi bonds not.
Explanation:
Sigma bonds are the strongest type of bonds, there are related to the overlapping in the atomic orbitals, and they can rotate. In the pi bound (that is a double bond), there are electrons moving on the molecule and it is not permitted the rotation on this type of bonds. Of the sigma bonds are capable of rotating while the pi bonds not.
Your patient gets a prescription for 62.5 mcg (micrograms, mg) of digoxin in liquid form. The label reads 0.0250 mg/mL. How many milliliters of digoxin should you give?
Answer:
2.5 militers (mL) of digoxin solution
Explanation:
if 1 microgram = 0.001 miligram
then 62.5 micrograms = X miligrams
X = (62.5 × 0.001) / 1 = 0.0625 miligrams
the we calculate the number of militers of digoxin needed by the patient:
if we have 0.0250 miligrams of digoxin in 1 mililiter of solution
then we have 0.0625 miligrams of digoxin in X mililiters of solution
X = (0.0625 × 1) / 0.0250 = 2.5 militers (mL) of digoxin solution
To calculate the amount of digoxin in milliliters, divide the amount of digoxin in milligrams by the concentration of the liquid form in milligrams per milliliter. In this case, the prescription is for 62.5 mcg of digoxin, and the concentration of the liquid form is 0.0250 mg/mL. The calculated volume of digoxin to be given is 2.5 mL.
Explanation:To calculate the amount of digoxin in milliliters that should be given, we need to use the given information and convert units. The prescription is for 62.5 mcg (micrograms) of digoxin, and the concentration of the liquid form is 0.0250 mg/mL. To convert micrograms to milligrams, we divide by 1000. Then, we can use the formula: Volume (in mL) = Amount (in mg) / Concentration (in mg/mL).
Amount of digoxin in mg = 62.5 mcg / 1000 = 0.0625 mg
Volume of digoxin in mL = 0.0625 mg / 0.0250 mg/mL = 2.5 mL
A candidate material for a turbine blade application oxidizes by diffusion of metal atoms through the oxide to the metal surface, where metal and oxygen react to form the oxide. After 10 hours at 550°C, an oxide layer 8 um has formed. What will the thickness be after 100 hours. (hint: turbine blade can be considered as a cylinder)
Answer:
The thickness of the oxide layer will 80 μm after 100 hours.
Explanation:
Thickness of oxide layer in 10 hours= 8 μm
Thickness of oxide layer in 1 hour = [tex]\frac{8 \mu m}{10 hour}[/tex]
Thickness of oxide layer in 100 hour :
[tex]\frac{8 \mu m}{10 hour}\times 100=80 \mu m[/tex]
The thickness of the oxide layer will 80 μm after 100 hours.
Part B Compute 1240.64/64. Round the answer appropriately Express your answer numerically using the proper number of significant figures. View Available Hint(s) Submit
Answer:
19
Explanation:
1240.64/64
This is a simple division that can easily be evaluated using any form of calculator.
Here, the main challenge is in expressing the answer in the proper number of significant figure.
The approach here is to express the answer to the which is least precise. This is usually the number with the lower significant values.
Here, 64 has two significant figures and it is of a lower rank. Our answer should be expressed this way:
[tex]\frac{1240.64}{64}[/tex] = 19.385 = 19
Calculate the molality of a 150% by mass solution of MgCl, FW-95.3 g/mol in H.O. The density of tis solution is 1.127 gim 0.0134 m 0.157 m 1.58 m 1.86 m 11.8 m igator Delete Backspace U 10 pilli
Answer: 1.86 m
Explanation:
Molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per kg of the solvent.
[tex]Molality=\frac{n\times 1000}{W_s}[/tex]
where,
n = moles of solute
[tex]W_s[/tex] = weight of solvent in g
Given : 15.0 grams of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is present in 100 g of solution
Moles of solute [tex]H_2O=\frac{\text {given mass}}{\text {Molar mass}}=\frac{15.0g}{95.3g/mol}=0.16[/tex]
mass of solution = 100 g
density of solution = 1.127g/ml
mass of solvent = mass of solution - mass of solute = 100 g - 15.0g = 85.0 g
[tex]Molality=\frac{0.16\times 1000}{85.0g}=1.86[/tex]
Thus molality of a 15.0% by mass solution of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is 1.86m.
You have 15.42g of C2H6. How many moles of H2O can be made?
Answer: The moles of water produced are 1.54 moles.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]
Given mass of ethane = 15.42 g
Molar mass of ethane = 30.07 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of ethane}=\frac{15.42g}{30.07g/mol}=0.513mol[/tex]
The chemical equation for the combustion of ethane follows:
[tex]2C_2H_6+5O_2\rightarrow 4CO2+6H_2O[/tex]
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of ethane produces 6 moles of water
So, 0.513 moles of ethane will produce = [tex]\frac{6}{2}\times 0.513=1.54mol[/tex] of water
Hence, the moles of water produced are 1.54 moles.
The questions are: Find the equations for the reaction of
HCLwith MgO and HCL and Mg. How the reactions different?
Answer:
[tex]Mg(s) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)[/tex]
[tex]MgO(s) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2O(l)[/tex]
Explanation:
When Mg reacts with HCl, magnesium chloride and hydrogen is formed. Mg is an active element and displaces hydrogen from HCl. So, this is a type of single displacement reaction.
[tex]Mg(s) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)[/tex]
When magnesium oxide (MgO) reacts with HCl, magnesium chloride and water is formed. This reaction is a type of neutralization reaction. MgO is a water insoluble base and HCl is acid. So. in this reaction, acid reacts with base to form salt [tex]MgCl_2[/tex]
[tex]MgO(s) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2O(l)[/tex]
The equation for the reaction between HCl and MgO is 2HCl(aq) + MgO(s) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l). The equation for the reaction between HCl and Mg is 2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g). The reactions differ in terms of the reactants involved.
Explanation:The equation for the reaction between HCl and MgO is:
2HCl(aq) + MgO(s) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
The equation for the reaction between HCl and Mg is:
2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
The reactions differ in terms of the reactants involved. In the reaction with MgO, the reactant is an oxide compound (MgO) while in the reaction with Mg, the reactant is a pure metal (Mg).
Tell why you may be able to survive a bitter cold day in snow-cave."
Answer:
First you need to know that the warm air is less dense than the colder air and thus it tends to rise; so snow-caves are constructed in some way that the tunnel entrance is below the main space, and so the warm air can be retained into the cave. In a typical snow-cave, you can reach temperatures over 0°C even when the temperature outside are under zero degrees celsius.
Convert 59.9 m^2 to square centimeters. cm^2
Answer:
59.9 m² = 599000 cm²
Explanation:
According to the International System of Units, square metre (m²) is the SI unit of area. 1 m² is defined as the area of the square having sides 1 m long.
Some other units of area are square millimetres (mm²), square kilometres (km²), square centimetres (cm²).
Now, converting square metre (m²) to square centimetres (cm²)
Since, 1 m² = 10⁴ cm²
Therefore, 59.9 m² = 59.9 × 10⁴ cm² = 599000 cm².
Therefore, 59.9 m² = 599000 cm²
You are performing a chemical reaction in a test tube. The test tube gets colder as the reaction takes place. This chemical reaction is... O a.a double replacement reaction. O b.endothermic Oc.a single replacement reaction. O d.a decomposition reaction. e. exothermic
Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed by the reactant molecules is known as an endothermic reaction.
Therefore, upon completion of this reaction the container in which reaction is carried out becomes colder.
A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released by the reactant molecules is known as an exothermic reaction.
Therefore, upon completion or during this type of reaction the container in which reaction is carried out becomes hot.
Thus, we can conclude that when the test tube gets colder as the reaction takes place then it means this chemical reaction is endothermic reaction.
List in order the 9 most electronegative elements of the periodic table
Answer:
F (3.98)> O (3.44)> Cl (3.16)> N (3.04)> Kr (3.00)> Br (2.96)> I (2.66)> Xe (2.6)> S(2.58)
Explanation:
Electronegativity is described as the tendency or ability of an element to attract electron density or bond pair of electrons towards itself. It is a chemical property of an element.
In the periodic table, the least electronegative element is caesium (0.79) and the most electronegative element is fluorine (3.98).
List of 9 most electronegative elements are:
F (3.98)> O (3.44)> Cl (3.16)> N (3.04)> Kr (3.00)> Br (2.96)> I (2.66)> Xe (2.6)> S(2.58).
A 76.00 pound flask of mercury costs $145.00. The density of mercury is 13.534 g/cm3. Find the price of one cubic inch of mercury by calculating intermediate values. What is the price of one pound of mercury?
The price of one cubic inch of mercury is approximately $0.9308, and the price of one pound of mercury is approximately $1.9079.
Using the above data, we must perform several calculations to determine the cost of one cubic inch of mercury and one pound of mercury. Here's a step-by-step guide to do it:
Given:
Flask of mercury mass = 76.00 poundsCost of flask of mercury = $145.00Density of mercury = 13.534 g/cm³We will convert the mass of the flask of mercury to grams
1 pound (lb) = 453.59237 grams (g)
Mass of flask of mercury in grams = 76.00 lb * 453.59237 g/lb
Then, calculate the volume of mercury in cm³
Density of mercury = Mass / Volume
Volume of mercury in cm³ = Mass of flask of mercury in grams / Density of mercury
Then, we will calculate the volume of mercury in cubic inches
1 cm³ = 0.0610237 in³ (approximately)
Volume of mercury in cubic inches = Volume of mercury in cm³ * 0.0610237
Calculate the price of one cubic inch of mercury
Price of one cubic inch of mercury = Cost of flask of mercury / Volume of mercury in cubic inches
We will calculate the price of one pound of mercury
Price of one pound of mercury = Cost of flask of mercury / Mass of flask of mercury in pounds
We will perform the calculations:
Mass of flask of mercury in grams = 76.00 lb * 453.59237 g/lb = 34473.53 g
Volume of mercury in cm³ = 34473.53 g / 13.534 g/cm³ = 2549.915 cm³
Volume of mercury in cubic inches = 2549.915 cm³ * 0.0610237 in³/cm³ = 155.61 in³
Price of one cubic inch of mercury = $145.00 / 155.61 in³ ≈ $0.9308/in³
Price of one pound of mercury = $145.00 / 76.00 lb ≈ $1.9079/lb
Therefore, the price of one cubic inch of mercury is approximately $0.9308, and the price of one pound of mercury is approximately $1.9079.
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The price of one pound of mercury can be calculated by dividing the total cost of $145.00 by the total weight, which is 76 pounds, resulting in a price of $1.9079 per pound.
Explanation:To find the price per pound of mercury, we first need to find the total mass of mercury in pounds. Given that a 76.00 pound flask of mercury costs $145.00, the price per pound can be calculated directly by dividing the total cost by the total weight in pounds.
Price per pound of mercury = Total cost / Total weight in pounds
Price per pound of mercury = $145.00 / 76.00 pounds
Price per pound of mercury = $1.9079 (rounded to four decimal places)
Note that we do not need the density of mercury for this specific calculation since the total weight and cost are directly given.
What is inaccurate about describing a solution as containing or using free hydrogen atoms?
Answer: An aqueous solution will contains both hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion.An here we are talking about free hydrogen ions, which means the description will be related to the pH. If the ratio of ion are equal then the pH will be 7 i.e. neutral. But if there are free hydrogen atoms in the solution we have, the pH of solution will be less than 7 and the solution will be described ad acidic. So the inaccurate description for a solution containing free hydrogen ion is that it is basic in nature.
If light moves at a speed of about 3.00 x 108 m/s, how long will it take light to travel the distance of a marathon (about 42.2 km)? Express your answer in microseconds using the correct number of significant figures. Do not enter your answer using scientific notation.
Light travels a distance of 3.69 meters within the given time frame of 12.3 nanoseconds.
Speed is the measure of how quickly an object changes its position concerning a specified frame of reference. It's a scalar quantity, indicating both magnitude and direction.
Common units for speed include meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h). This fundamental concept plays a pivotal role in various domains like travel, sports, and transportation.
If light travels at a constant speed of [tex]3.0 * 10^8 m/s[/tex] and continues for 12.3 nanoseconds, the distance covered can be calculated:
Distance = Speed × Time
Distance = [tex]3.0 * 10^8 m/s* 12.3 * 10^{-9} s[/tex]
Distance = 3.69 meters
In this instance, light travels a distance of 3.69 meters within the given time frame of 12.3 nanoseconds.
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Since density depends on the mass and volume of an object, we need both of these values combined in the correct way to solve for density. Keep in mind that we may not be given the mass and volume directly, or the values may not be given in the units we want and we need to convert to the correct units before solving for density.
When converting between metric units, use the prefixes to help you determine the magnitude of a value. The prefix k indicates kilo, 1000. Therefore 1000 g = 1 kg.
A 11.0 kg iron weightlifting plate has a volume of 1400 cm3 . What is the density of the iron plate in g/cm3?
Express your answer in grams per cubic centimeter to three significant figures.
Answer:
Density=7.86g/cm³
Explanation:
To solve this exercise, we only need to convert units. To do so, we can use a three-step process:
Identify the units that the problem gives us.Identify the units that we must report in the answer.Use the appropiate conversion factor in order to convert the units in 1.) to the units in 2.)In this case, the units we're given are kg and cm³, and the units we must convert them into are g and cm³. Keeping in mind the conversion factor of 1000 g = 1 kg, we convert the mass of the plate:
[tex]11.0kg*\frac{1000g}{1kg}=11000 g[/tex]
Then we divide the mass by the volume, that is already in cubic centimeters:
[tex]Density=\frac{11000g}{1400cm^{3}}=7.86\frac{g}{cm^{3} }[/tex]
calculate pressure (at STP) in 10.0L vessel after reaction of 1.0L hydrochloric acid (concentration 35% and density 1.28 g/cub.cm.) with 1.0kg of limestone (calcium carbonate with 4.0% inert impurities). Yield of reaction 97%
Answer:
The pressure in the vessel is 13,3 atm.
Explanation:
The global reaction is:
2 HCl (aq)+ CaCO₃ (s) → CaCl₂(aq)+ H₂O(l)+ CO₂(g)
The increase in the pressure of the vessel after the reaction is by formation of a gas (CO₂). So we have to find the produced moles of this gas and apply the gas ideal law to find the pressure.
We have to find the limit reactant, to do so, we have to calculate the moles of each reactant in the reaction, the one that have the less moles will be the limit reactant:
HCl:
1,0L × (35/100) × (1000 cm³/1L) × (1,28 g/ 1cm³) × (1mol HCl/ 36,46 g) ÷ 2mol
(Concentration) (L to cm³) (cm³ to g) (g to mol) (moles of reaction)
moles of HCl= 6,14 mol
CaCo₃:
1,0 kg × (96/100) × (1000 g/1kg) × (1 mol/100,09g)
(Limestone) (CaCo₃ in limestone) (kg to g) (g to mol)
moles of CaCo₃= 9,59 mol
So, reactant limit is HCl
This reaction have a yield of 97%. So, the CO₂ moles are:
6,14 mol × 97÷ = 5,96 mol CO₂
The ideal gas formula to obtain pressure is:
P = nRT/V
Where: n = 5,96mol; R= 0,082 atm×L/mol×K; T = 273,15 (until STP conditions) and V= 10,0 L
Replacing this values in the equation the pressure is
P = 13,3 atm
I hope it helps!
Reynolds number E. What is the mean velocity u. (ft/s) and the Reynolds number Re = pu., D/ for 35 gpm (gallons per minute) of water flowing in a 1.05- in. ID. pipe if its density is p = 62.3 lb/ft and its viscosity is = 1.2 cP? What are the units of the Reynolds number?
Answer:
The mean velocity is 13 ft/s.
The Reynolds number is 88,583 and it is dimensionless.
Explanation:
We have water flowing in a pipe of 1.05 in diameter.
The density is ρ=62.3 lb/ft and the viscosity is 1.2 cP.
The mean velocity can be calculated as
[tex]u=\frac{Q}{A}=\frac{Q}{\pi*D^2/4}=\frac{35gpm }{3.14*(1.05in)^2/4}\\\\ u=\frac{35}{0.865}*\frac{gal}{min}\frac{1}{in^2}*\frac{231in^3}{1gal}*\frac{1}{60s} \\\\ u=156\,in/s=13\,ft/s[/tex]
The Reynolds number now can be calculated for this flow as
[tex]Re=\frac{\rho*u*D}{\mu}[/tex]
being ρ: density, u: mean velocity of the fluid, D: internal diameter of the pipe and μ the dynamic viscosity.
To simplify the calculation, we can first make all the variables have coherent units.
Viscosity
[tex]\mu=1.2cP=\frac{1.2}{100}\frac{g}{cm*s}*\frac{1lb}{453.6g}*\frac{30.48cm}{1ft}= 0.0008\frac{lb}{ft*s}[/tex]
Diameter
[tex]D=1.05in*(\frac{1ft}{12in} )=0.0875ft[/tex]
Then the Reynolds number is
[tex]Re=\frac{\rho*u*D}{\mu}\\\\Re=62.3\frac{lb}{ft^3}*13\frac{ft}{s} *0.0875ft*\frac{1}{0.0008}*\frac{ft*s}{lb}\\\\Re=88,583[/tex]
The Reynolds number (Re) and mean velocity (u) for water flowing through a pipe can be calculated using the flow rate, pipe dimensions, fluid density, and viscosity. The Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity that helps predict the flow pattern in the pipe.
Explanation:The question relates to the calculation of the Reynolds number and the mean velocity (u) for a given flow rate of water through a pipe. First, to find the mean velocity u, the flow rate needs to be converted to cubic feet per second (ft³/s) and then divided by the cross-sectional area of the pipe. The Reynolds number Re is a dimensionless number used to predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations. It is calculated using the formula Re = ρuD/μ, where ρ is the fluid density, u is the mean velocity, D is the pipe diameter, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
To proceed with the calculation, the given flow rate of 35 gallons per minute (gpm) is converted to cubic feet per second, the pipe's internal diameter is converted to feet, the density of water (62.3 lb/ft³) is used, and the viscosity (1.2 cP) is converted to lb/(ft·s). The mean velocity u is then calculated, and subsequently, the Reynolds number Re is determined.
The units of the Reynolds number are indeed unitless, as demonstrated by the cancellation of units in its definition, ensuring it is a dimensionless quantity.