Answer:Archaea are able to perform different reductive pathways of the N-cycle, including both assimilatory processes, such as nitrate assimilation and N(2) fixation, and dissimilatory reactions, such as nitrate respiration and denitrification. However, nitrogen metabolism is much less known in archaea than in bacteria.
Explanation:
Bacteria and archaea are essential to the nitrogen cycle, converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants and animals. They engage in nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification, crucial for ecological balance and the biosphere.
Bacteria and archaea play crucial roles in the nitrogen cycle, a fundamental process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into various chemical forms usable by plants and animals. Bacteria in the genus Rhizobium, for instance, are known for their nitrogen-fixing abilities, living symbiotically within the roots of legume plants like clover and peas, converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. This ammonia is essential for the plants to synthesize nucleic acids and other vital biomolecules.
Apart from nitrogen fixation, these prokaryotes are also involved in other stages of the nitrogen cycle such as nitrification, where soil and oceanic archaeal microbes, particularly those within the Crenarchaeota group, convert ammonia to nitrites. Further, nitrifying bacteria and archaea are involved in converting these nitrites to other nitrogenous compounds through processes like ammonification and denitrification. Denitrifying bacteria, for example, reduce nitrates back to atmospheric nitrogen, completing the cycle.
These microbial processes are not only essential for the survival of plants and by extension, animals, but also for maintaining the balance of nitrogen in the atmosphere, soil, and water ecosystems. The efficient conversion of nitrogen in its various forms by bacteria and archaea highlights their indispensable role in the earth's ecological and biological systems.
Which of the following is the rigid, solid layer of the upper mantle that is connected to the crust? (3 points)
Asthenosphere
Atmosphere
Lithosphere
Mesosphere
Answer: The lithosphere is composed of both the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves as a brittle, rigid solid. The lithosphere is the outermost mechanical layer of the Earth. The lithosphere is about 100 kilometers thick.
Explanation:
Answer: Lithosphere is the rigid, solid upper mantle connected to the crust. It is 200 kilometers thick. Temperatures at this layer are less than 1,300 degrees Celsius.
List four catastrophic events:
Answer: avalanche, earthquake, flood, forest fire, hurricane, lightning, tornado, tsunami and volcanic eruption.
Explanation: Here extra catastrophic events
Answer:
Hurricane Katrina , the indian ocean tsunami,
Pangaea , and a volcanic eruption
Which is true regarding all X-linked disorders?
Group of answer choices
they result in a longer lifespan
they are caused by mutations of the X chromosome
they are linked to an unknown chromosome
they are disorders that affect only women
Answer:
they are caused by mutations of the X chromosome
Explanation:
The X chromosome contains many genes in addition to those that determine sex. Certain hereditary defects determine by recessive genes are linked to the X chromosome. The disorders are caused by mutations of the X chromosomes.
What is the difference between amino acids and carbohydrates?
During a biology lab, students recorded that number of times an onion cell was was in each phase of the cell
cycle. The data is shown.
Interphase-461
Prophase-12
Metaphase-2
Anaphase-2
Telophase-3
Which phase/phases accounted for less than a half percent of the number of onion cells separately?
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is option B) "Metaphase and Anaphase".
Explanation:
According to the notes of the biology lab, the total number of onion cells is 480 (461 + 12 + 2 + 2 + 3). Therefore, half percent of 480 corresponds to 2.4 (480 * 0.005). Since in each case the number of onion cells that were in the Metaphase and Anaphase were only 2, these two phases accounted for less than a half percent of the number of onion cells separately.
What holds base pairs together? a pairs of double-ringed nucleotides b sugar-phosphate backbones c hydrogen bonds d nitrogen-carbon bonds
In DNA, base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine are connected by two hydrogen bonds, while cytosine and guanine are connected by three. Sugar-phosphate backbones and nitrogen-carbon bonds do not hold the base pairs together.
Explanation:In DNA, base pairs which consist of double-ringed nucleotides, are held together by hydrogen bonds. The base pairs adenine (A) and thymine (T) are held together by two hydrogen bonds, while the base pairs cytosine (C) and guanine (G) are connected by three hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds allow these base pairs to hold together, providing DNA its double helix structure.
It should be noted that sugar-phosphate backbones form the outer sides of the DNA helix but do not hold the base pairs together.
Similarly, nitrogen-carbon bonds are present in the bases and the sugar molecule but these are not responsible for the bonding of the base pairs. They exist in the individual nucleotides and not in the double-ring structure formed by base pairs.
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In DNA, the base pairs (adenine with thymine, and guanine with cytosine) are held together by hydrogen bonds. It's not the sugar-phosphate backbone or any other components that keep the base pairs connected.
Explanation:The base pairs in DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds. Specifically, in the double helical structure of DNA, composed of nucleotides, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Each of these base pairs is bound together by hydrogen bonds with A and T sharing two hydrogen bonds, and C and G sharing three.
The sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA strand, consisting of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, is external to the base pairs and provides structure to the DNA molecule. However, these backbones do not hold the base pairs together.
So, between the options provided, the answer is c) hydrogen bonds hold the base pairs together in DNA.
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PLEASE HELP ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Answer no 1:
A community can be described as a group of species that live in a same area and interact with one another. The mangrove trees, mangrove water snakes, sheepshead, and Roseate spoonbills will all be different communities interacting with one another.
In biology, a population can be described as all the organisms of the same species that live in a particular area and have the ability to interbreed. For instance, all the the mangrove water snakes living in the mangrove community will be a population.
All the biotic factors and the abiotic factors will makeup an ecosystem. For instance, in the following scenario. all the communities of the mangrove habitat along with abiotic factors like air, water etc will make up the ecosystem.
Answer No 2:
Seeds from a purple coneflower (producers)
↓
deer mouse (herbivores)
↓
red- tailed hawk (Carnivores)
Producers are organisms that are able to make their own food like plant and algae.
Herbivores are organisms that feed on plants.
Carnivores are animals that feed on other animals.
Which list below describes the next steps of evaporated water through the water cycle?
A) Condensation, precipitation, runoff, ocean storage
B) Transpiration, condensation, precipitation, ocean storage
C) Precipitation, condensation, runoff, groundwater
It most likely is B or C idk tho
Answer:
b
Explanation:
it doesnt condensate after precipitation in c
How are proteins related to the cell membrane
Explanation:
Membrane proteins perform a variety of functions vital to the survival of organisms: Membrane receptor proteins relay signals between the cell's internal and external environments. Transport proteins move molecules and ions across the membrane. ... Cell adhesion molecules allow cells to identify each other and interact.
Water concentrates water-soluble human waste products. True or false?
Answer:
the answer is true.
Water concentrates water-soluble human waste products.
a student wants to develop a model demonstrating how transplants can save lifes. The group of tissues that removes wastes and toxic matter from the blood is diseased in a patient . What type of lifesaving transplant would the patient require ?
Answer:
b
Explanation:
A patient with diseased tissues that remove wastes and toxic matter from the blood would require a kidney transplant. Matching a donor is essential to prevent immune rejection, and scientists are exploring growing organs from the patient's own cells to avoid this issue.
The group of tissues that removes wastes and toxic matter from the blood is primarily the kidneys. When these tissues are diseased, the patient would typically require a kidney transplant to replace the failing kidneys. For an individual requiring a transplant, finding a matching donor is crucial to prevent tissue rejection. This is due to the immune system potentially destroying the donor cells, recognizing them as foreign. Patients receiving bone marrow transplants, for instance, must have their own diseased marrow destroyed beforehand, and then donor stem cells are intravenously infused. However, in the case of a kidney transplant, the procedure involves connecting a donated kidney to the recipient's blood vessels and leaving the diseased kidneys in place if they're not causing complications.
Dialysis is an alternative treatment that filters blood using a machine, but it is not a cure for kidney failure. For patients with end-stage kidney disease, a kidney transplant is the ideal alternative to long-term dialysis. The main obstacle with transplantation is finding a donor that matches the patient's human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), which are critical for reducing the risk of rejection.
A portion of the periodic table is shown below:
Which element has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p3?
A. Nitrogen (N)
B. Oxygen (O)
C. Phosphorus (P)
D. Sulfur (S)
Answer:
C. Phosphorus (P)
Explanation:
Given;
Electron configuration [tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^3[/tex]
Firstly we have to find out the number of shell of given element. For this we have to add number of electron of each shell.
Here counting goes to 3 that means element have three shells. Now we find out number of electrons in each shell.
First shell of an element is K and it has only one sub shell that is 1s. In this element 1s contains only 2 electrons.
For 2nd shell that is L has two sub shell 2s and 2p, for this element 2s contains 2 electrons and 2p contains 6 electrons. That means total number of electrons for L shell is 8.
Now for 3rd shell that is M has two sub shell 3s and 3p, for this element 3s contains 2 electrons and 3p contains 3 electrons. That means total number of electrons for M shell is 5.
Now total number of electrons for the element is the sum of number of electrons in each shell.
Total number of electrons = 2+8+5=15
And we know the number of electrons of any neutral element is equal to the number of protons and number of protons gives us atomic number of the element.
So the atomic number of given element is 15 that is of Phosphorus.
Answer:
C. Phosphorus (P)
Amniocentesis is a process in which amniotic fluid is taken from the mother's womb to identify any genetic abnormalities in the fetus. How would the discovery of the human genome contribute to this process?
Answer:
The correct option is "the exact location of a particular disease-causing gene can be determined."
Explanation:
The discovery of the human genome will let us know the sequence of normal genes in a human. By comparing to this sequence, one can easily know if there is any abnormality in the fetus. The exact location where a fault has occurred can be recognized if the sequence of the normal human genome is known. Hence, the discovery of the human genome is very beneficial to the process of amniocentesis.
how does indicate that a. dog is more closely related to a red fox than a house cat?
Answer:
Dog is more closely related to a red fox than a house cat according to a taxonomy level.
Explanation:
Dog, red fox, house cat is in the same kingdom Animalia, same phylum Chordata, same class Mammalia, same order Carnivora but the family of red fox and the gad is same i.e. Canidae but the family of the house cat is Felidae. The red fox and dog have more taxon in common. The house cat diverges at the family level.Describe how the structure of dry ice is similar to an extended crystalline structure.
Final answer:
Dry ice consists of CO₂ molecules held in a regular, extended crystalline structure by weak intermolecular forces, similar to water ice's hydrogen-bonded crystal lattice, though with significantly weaker bonding.
Explanation:
The structure of dry ice, or solid carbon dioxide (CO₂), is formed by individual CO₂ molecules where each carbon atom is doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms. In its solid form, these molecules are held together in a crystal lattice by very weak intermolecular forces, which leads to dry ice's high volatility. This structure is vastly different from that of silicon dioxide, which forms a continuous covalent network. Still, the essence of a crystalline structure in dry ice is that it has an orderly and repeating pattern, akin to water forming an ice crystal structure with an open, cagelike arrangement due to hydrogen bonding. In other words, dry ice's crystalline arrangement is such that molecules stack in a regular pattern, similar to other crystal lattices, even though the bonding forces in dry ice are much weaker, leading to its sublimation at room temperature.
Breathing is required for cellular respiration. Use the reactions for photosynthesis and cellular respiration to explain why breathing is required.
Answer:
your brain needs oxygen to think and your lungs need oxygen to live and keep your body going
Explanation:
i think not for sure tho
Breathing supplies oxygen necessary for cellular respiration, which produces energy for cellular processes. Oxygen is a key reactant that aids in the transformation of glucose into ATP while expelling carbon dioxide as a byproduct.
Breathing is essential for cellular respiration, a process where cells break down glucose (from our food) in the presence of oxygen to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water. This process can be represented by the chemical equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2
ightarrow 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy. When we inhale, oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and delivered to our cells, where it serves as a crucial reactant in cellular respiration. Conversely, when we exhale, we expel carbon dioxide, a byproduct of this process. During cellular respiration, energy is transformed into ATP, the main energy currency of the cell, which then powers various cellular functions.
The process of photosynthesis in plants produces the glucose and oxygen needed for cellular respiration. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration form a cycle, highlighting the interconnectedness of life processes. Oxygen plays a critical role as the final electron acceptor, allowing for complete glucose breakdown and ATP production, and without it, much less ATP would be generated, impeding our body's ability to perform functions effectively.
Why did the development of vascular systems help plants move to land
Answer:
During evolution, plants have acquired a vascular system, which has greatly contributed to the success of land plants. The vascular system allows plants to rapidly transport water and nutrients over long distances between roots, growing deeply in soil, and shoots, growing upward toward the sun.
Answer:
It made it possible to move water within the plant structure.
Explanation:
The evolution of plants occurred, mainly, after atmospheric changes due to the release of oxygen by autotrophic organisms. Thus, the first species to colonize the terrestrial environment were bryophytes and mosses, and the main characteristic that facilitated colonization after the formation of multicellular organisms was the formation of epidermal tissue and structures that guaranteed protection against water loss, the movement of water within the plant.
In the Paleozoic period, the first plants with vascular systems emerged, which developed from the first plant groups that colonized the terrestrial environment. The vascular system is composed of xylem and phloem which are the vessels that conduct nutrients and water within the plant.
About 400 million years ago, ancestral plants went through several events of adaptive irradiation, and diversified into the different species that we know today. These adaptive events were fundamental for the colonization of the terrestrial environment, so that diverse environments with adverse conditions were colonized by the plants.
After the appearance of sap-carrying vessels, plants evolved and tall species emerged that constituted the first forests, even at the end of the Devonian period.
Most of the plants survived the extinction events of the Triassic period, however, the environmental and atmospheric changes may have caused more evolutionary events, mainly in relation to the formation of flowers and fruits, which exponentially increased the biodiversity of terrestrial flora from the period Cretaceous.
In addition to the morphological and physiological changes over evolutionary events, another important process in the evolution of plants is reproduction and, indirectly, dependence on water for this process.
The portion of the membrane system in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the making lipids and breaking down toxic substances is the
Answer:
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
The endoplasmic reticulum is a series of interconnected channels running throughout the cytoplasm. Some endoplasmic reticular have granules called ribosomes on their surfaces. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum are more specialized responsible for synthesizing and transportation of Lipids and breaking down of toxic chemicals from all parts of the cell.
Answer:
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Or Smooth ER
Explanation:
I was just asked this on USA test prep.
What absorbs more carbon dioxide the atmosphere or oceans?
The oceans absorb more carbon dioxide than the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Oceans are absorbers of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Like in the terrestrial environment ocean animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and ocean plants perform photosynthesis by absorbing carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
Various human activities like burning of fossil fuels and several industrial activities cause the release of carbon dioxide in large amounts into the atmosphere which harms the earth and its inhabitants.
About one-fourth of the carbon dioxide produced in the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans of the earth. Oceans are the carbon sink of earth. Absorption of carbon dioxide makes the ocean acidic which causes harm to several ocean beings.
A sunflower is an angiosperm, and a gingko is a gymnosperm. Which best describes the life cycles of sunflowers and gingkoes?
Answer:
Both the sunflower and gingko have seeds.
Both the sunflower and gingko have cones.
The life cycle of sunflowers involves double fertilization; the life cycle of ginkgoes involves single fertilization.
Explanation:
An angiosperm refers to plants which are flower bearing and usually bisexual. The angiosperms are a large group and include grasses, herbs, shrubs and trees. A gymnosperm refers to plants whose seeds are borne on the female cones and seeds are not enclosed in a fruit wall. The gymnosperms comprise of coniferales, cycadales and ginkgoales. Both the sunflower (angiosperm) and ginkgo (gymnosperm) are seed-producing plants. However, the seeds of a sunflower are enclosed by a flower or a fruit wall, while in case of Ginkgoales they are not. Also, sunflowers include double fertilization, while the Ginkgoales involve only a single fertilization.
Answer:d
Explanation:
Question: Name the four major organic compounds that
make up your body. What is the role of each in your body
and what is the basic unit of each compound?
Answer:
Carbohydratesproteinslipidsnucleic acidsExplanation:
Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen(Glucose). They are sources of energy as they are broken down during respiration to release energy. They are storage forms of food and components of structures that provide mechanical support in organism.
Proteins are compounds made up of small units called amino acids. Proteins are components of structures in living organisms, important as metabolic regulators and are broken down to release energy in extreme starvation.
Lipids are compounds made up of fatty acids and glycerol. They are a source of energy for they are oxidised to release energy, are constituents of plasma membrane and protoplasm and act as heat insulators.
Nucleic acids are polymers made up of nucleotides. They store genetic information in a coded form.
The most common type of blood cancer is
Answer:
The common type of blood cancer include the following
1.Leukaemia
2. Lymphoma.
3. Myeloma.
Explanation:
Leukaemia is cancer of blood-forming tissues, including bone marrow. Many types exist such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
____________ is the principal compounds that living things use for energy
The leaves of deciduous plants are broad, flat and designed to facilitate
photosynthesis. We know that plants need carbon dioxide and water in the
presence of light for photosynthesis to occur. We also know that plants take in
water through there roots and that water travels through xylem to reach the
leaves. These broad, flat leaves also facilitate transpiration, the loss of water through leaves. When subjected to a dry, hot environment, plants attempt to maintain homeostasis by
Answer:
Closing of stomata to reduce transpiration.
Explanation:
How do electromagnetic waves travel
Which of the following statements about stars is true?
A.) All stars are the same temperature
B.) None of these
C.) Stars rarely differ in temperature
D.) Stars vary greatly in temperature
Answer:
The correct option is D) Stars vary greatly in temperature
Explanation:
The temperature range for different type of stars varies from 3,000 Kelvin to 50,000 Kelvin. A red star is generally considered to be a lot cooler than a blue star or a white star. The stars which are bigger have more energy and usually have very high temperatures. The smaller stars are smaller star has less energy and has low temperatures. Hence, we can say that stars vary greatly in temperature.
Answer:
is D for a comman fact
Which biological process involves the conversion of one type of chemical energy into another type of chemical energy?
Answer:
Cellular Respiration
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is the biological process involves the conversion of one type of chemical energy into another type of chemical energy.
The act of white blood cells engulfing a bacterium is?
Answer:
Phagocytosis refers to the engulfing of larger, solid particles. Often, the engulfed particle is another cell, like when a white blood cell, which is a part of the immune system, engulfs a bacterium to destroy it.
Final answer:
Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell engulfs and destroys large particles, such as microorganisms, through a type of white blood cell known as a neutrophil.
Explanation:
The act of white blood cells engulfing a bacterium is known as phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is a crucial defense mechanism employed by certain white blood cells, particularly neutrophils and macrophages, to eliminate foreign particles, such as bacteria and other microorganisms.
During phagocytosis, the white blood cell surrounds the bacterium with its cell membrane, forming a vesicle called a phagosome. Subsequently, lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes, fuse with the phagosome to create a phagolysosome. The enzymes within the phagolysosome break down the engulfed bacterium, rendering it harmless.
Phagocytosis is a fundamental aspect of the innate immune response, serving as a primary line of defense against infections. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's overall health and protecting against a variety of pathogens.
The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is than ____ to protein.
a. Transferred
B. transduced
C. Transformed
D. Translated
Answer:
D. Translated
Explanation:
The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is than Translated to protein.
What is Central dogma principle?The central dogma of molecular biology is a theory stating that genetic information flows only in one direction, from DNA, to RNA, to protein, or RNA directly to protein.
Francis Crick created the key dogma's underlying theory in 1958. His interpretation incorporated the idea that information does not transfer from proteins to nucleic acids and was a little more all-encompassing. Since then, researchers have found a number of deviations from the idea.
Prions are one famous example in particular. Prions are contagious proteins that can multiply without using intermediates like DNA or RNA.
Therefore, The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is than Translated to protein.
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if an organisms body cells contain 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its gametes have