Ben has created a series of life goals he would like to meet. He sees himself in the future as an independent and successful department manager at the accounting firm he would like to work for. He thinks about and prepares for all the skills needed to be an effective manager. He isn't necessarily thinking about family yet. Which of Levinson's phases is Ben demonstrating?

a. The age 30 transition.
b. The transition to early adulthood.
c. The transition to middle adulthood.
d. The transition to late adulthood

Answer:

innovative

Explanation:

In the company, an innovative change is applied. The developments that take place within the organization go from the plane of ideas to the plane of reality. It is the introduction of a change with the intention of improving a process or a new organizational method for the internal practices of the company and the organization of the workplace.

Answer:

A. confirmation bias

Explanation:

Fantasia is surely showing a confirmation bias:

This means that she already set the belief that people of blue eyes are more creative will guide her interaction with anyone.

Therefore she will insist on probing herself right when encountering someone with blue eyes, there she will try to measure the creativity somehow. While to the contrary she will forget or simply be unaware of the creativity present in people with other characteristics and having another eye colour.

Confirmation bias affects not only thinking but our need to search for something to prove it, and often contradictory evidence can be dismissed simply because our strong position will make us shorten our vision.

Answer: A

Explanation: His symptoms are most likely to be related to a generalized anxiety disorder.

In this disorder, everything is perceived as a motive to be preocupied. Levels of stess and anxiety are at its highest and somatic responses are caused by it, such as inability to sleep, hiper-arousal, irritability and being unable to concentrate.

Answer: Latent content

Explanation:

Here, in this particular case Monte is looking for the latent content in regards with the content analysis. Latent content is referred to as the elemental or fundamental meaning of  the communication, as acclaimed from the manifest content. Latent content tends to mostly enjoy one advantage i.e. that it is constructed in a perfect way in order to tap the fundamental connotation of the communication.

Monte is utilizing content analysis to explore misogyny in comic books, examining art, text, symbols, and societal context to understand representations of women and underlying messages.

Monte is conducting a content analysis of popular comic books to explore the theme of misogyny. He'll be analyzing both the art and text to understand the subtle messages conveyed regarding attitudes toward women. In content analysis, Monte will consider the representation of characters, the interplay of images and words, symbols, and underlying meanings that reflect societal attitudes or stereotypes. This method allows a researcher to examine not just what content is presented, but also the purpose, audience, and context of that content.

When examining these comic books, it is crucial to note when they were published due to changing societal norms and attitudes. For example, depictions of gender roles would likely have been different in comics from the 1980s compared to those from the 21st century. Monte's analysis may involve looking for patterns in the portrayal of female characters, analyzing the narrative roles they are given, and noting whether they are subject to stereotypical or derogatory treatment.

Content analysis is a powerful tool for understanding how media reflects and shapes societal values and can be used across various mediums including text, still images, and video content. It can help expose underlying biases and provides a structured approach to interpret media.

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The correct answers would be, Overestimate and Overestimate.

Research suggests that Adam is likely to Overestimate the duration of his bad mood, and Aaron likely to overestimate the duration of his good mood.

Explanation:

Adam and Aaron are students in a class. They both received their results of a test in which Adam got less marks than he expected and Aaron got more marks than he expected.

So Researches show that when people are in a bad or good mood, they try to drag the duration of time in which they feel their good or bad moods. So is the case with Adam and Aaron. Adam is likely to overestimate the duration of his bad mood and Aaron is also likely to overestimate the duration of his good mood.

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Answer:

D) trust vs. mistrust    

Explanation:

One of the famous psychologist named Erik Erikson has proposed the theory of psychosocial development in which he has given eight stages of development across the life span of an individual. Trust vs. mistrust is the very first stage in his theory.

Trust vs. mistrust: The trust vs. mistrust stage starts from the birth of a child and lasts through twelve months of age. In this stage, a child learns to develop trust in his or her parents or caregivers because he or she believes that they will complete the basic needs. When the parents and the caregivers respond to the needs of the child then the trust is being established between them.

If a child's need is not being fulfilled then the child might develop mistrust and due to this anxiety might develop.

In the question above, trust vs. mistrust is the primary developmental task of the given stage.

The assistant chief of police has decided to forego using the polygraph test on a suspect and will use a different technique to assess the suspect's physiological responses to crime-scene details. This is known as the guilty knowledge test.

Explanation:

The Guilty Knowledge Tests (GKT's) refers a psycho-physiological survey method that could be used in a polygraph test to find whether suspects are hiding "guilt" by measuring their physiological answers to multiple choice questions.

50 participants were randomly selected to commit one of two real false crimes. Later they were tried with GKT for crimes and things they did not know about. Using the best scoring systems, as per logistic regression analysis, this test correctly classifies 84% innocent and to 76% criminals.

Answer:

Drinking Heavily herself is the correct answer.

Explanation:

People like to drink at home to relax after a long day, but frequent consumption of alcoholic drink can become alcoholism and an addiction. Although drinking alone is neither a bad habit nor a sign of alcoholism but it can lead to alcoholism, while individuals drinking in public places are at risk of getting involved in a crime. Research has also shown that people who drink alone are at greater risk of depression.

Kathy is at risk for emotional and behavioral problems, potential substance abuse, academic challenges, and mental health issues due to her parents' heavy alcohol use and lack of interaction.

According to research, Kathy is at risk for several potential issues due to her parents' heavy and constant use of alcohol. These risks include emotional and behavioral problems, as well as a higher likelihood of developing substance abuse problems herself. Kathy may also face increased risks of academic difficulties and mental health issues due to the lack of parental interaction and possible effects on the home environment.

Answer: (A) The reciprocity norm.

Explanation:

 The reciprocity norm is basically refers to the expectation from other person that they respond more favorably and return benefit for the benefits.

We can also describe the reciprocity norm as if we are doing some good and beneficial action to the one individual person then we also expect the same respond from that person.

In the reciprocity norm, the action is in either positive or negative way. We can also say that we repay to other person who has done for you and it is important for building and also maintaining the relationship with another person.  

Therefore, Option (A) is correct.

Answer:

C. This is a case where hybrid offspring of the two species are less fit than either of the parent species. In the geographic areas where the populations overlap, natural selection has reinforced color differences that serve as reproductive barriers between the two species.

Explanation:

Nature has developed certain reproductive barriers or mechanisms of reproductive isolation. These occur to prevent members of different species from mating and producing offspring or to make sure that the offspring are sterile.

Answer:

Wallerian degeneration.

Explanation:

Wallerian degeneration.

Wallerian degeneration is nothing but a well organized morphological and biochemical change that results in axons, microphases distal to the site of injury and degenerates those sites.  It is some what a cascade of cellular and molecular events.

The correct answer is read that Jaylen has Tourette’s and Asperger’s syndrome, as well as obsessive compulsive disorder, and I think it must be hard for him to have all those issues—but he also started Jaylen’s Challenge, which is against bullying.

Tourette's syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor or vocal tics that persist for more than a year and usually settle in childhood. Most of the time, tics are of different types and vary over the course of a week or month to month.

Physical manifestations of prolonged stress, such as stomach ulcers, demonstrate that stress can have a negative physiological impact on our bodies.

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative physiological impact. This means that the stressful situation has led to a physical change in the body, specifically in the stomach lining. The stress brought about harmful effects on the body's normal function, causing the formation of stomach ulcers, which are painful sores in the stomach lining. This is an example of how psychological stress can manifest itself in physical symptoms, highlighting the link between mental health and physical health.

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Stress can have a negative physiological impact on the body, leading to health issues like stomach ulcers.

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative physiological impact.

Stress can lead to various physiological effects on the body. In the case of stomach ulcers, chronic stress can increase stomach acid production, which may erode the stomach lining and result in ulcers.

Physiological factors at play during stress include changes in hormone levels, increased heart rate, and altered digestive processes, all of which can contribute to the development of health issues.

Answer:

b. a panic attack

Explanation:

According to the DSM-V, a panic attack refers to an episode in which the individual experiences intense fear and discomfort that reach a peak within a few minutes during which the individual experiences physical symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, breathlessness, sometimes accompanied by the fear of losing control, going crazy or dying.

Darcy is sitting at her desk and unexpectedly her heart races, she starts sweating and she has a terrifying fear that she is about to go crazy.  She is experiencing the typical symptoms of a panic attack.

Note:

A phobic disorder refers to a fear of something specific, in this example Darcy doesn't really has an specific trigger for her symptoms (it happened without warning).

Post-traumatic stress is a disorder that includes episodes of intense fear but they are triggered by an stimulus related to an event that happened before and which caused a trauma in the individual. Again, the example tells us that this happened without warning and without any apparent cause.

A compulsion refers to a behavior an individual realizes to eliminate thoughts that cause him/her anxiety. In this example, Darcy is not having a behavior in order to reduce anxiety.

Answer:

Social control

Explanation:

Social control is related to stop the behavior that is against the law of social norms. All society has its own rules and regulation. There are two types of norms informal norms and formal norms. Informal society control norms are those norms that control violent informal behavior.

The formal society control norms are used to control the behavior that violates the formal norms. It is not perfect in ways as some people always exist in the society who violates the norms of the society.  

There is some antisocial personality that exists in society who violates the norms of society. Thus in the above statement, Jane faces social control at the party.

Final answer:

Janet is facing 'social control' through informal sanctions from party-goers at the Hamptons 'White' party for not adhering to the dress code norms. Option C is correct.

Explanation:

Janet is experiencing a form of  Social control. When she attends the party in the Hamptons wearing ripped jeans and Chuck Taylors, rather than the expected attire, she receives negative feedback from the other party-goers who refuse to socialize with her. This behavior from the party-goers represents informal sanctions, which include actions such as shame, ridicule, and social exclusion to enforce societal norms and expectations.

These informal sanctions result in a powerful form of social control as they encourage individuals to adhere to established social norms to avoid negative reactions from others. Janet's experience is not about cultural superiority or irrational fear, as would be the case with xenocentricism or xenophobia, nor is it an enforced legal consequence, which would suggest a formal sanction. Instead, it's about informal social pressures to conform within a specific social context.

Answer: D

Explanation: The correct answer is letter D, latent content.

Latent content is a concept created by Sigmund Freud to describe the underlying meaning of the things we say, write or do; for example, if we say "i am happy for you" but the tone we use says otherwise, the real meaning is not manifest but latent.

Hey! How are you? My name is Maria, 19 years old. Yesterday broke up with a guy, looking for casual sex.

Write me here and I will give you my phone number - *pofsex.com*

My nickname - Lovely

An intriguing extension of the trait theory of leader performance proposes that certain traits are necessary but not sufficient for leadership excellence. Leadership excellence, on the other hand, is a function of the right person being in the right place at the right time.

Leadership is defined as a research topic and a practical skill, refers to an individual, group, or organization's ability to “lead,” influence, or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations.

The term “leadership” is frequently regarded as a contentious one. Leaders perform four critical functions: they remove roadblocks that impede project results, they build connections across the organization, they connect the employee's vision to the company's vision, and they foster a positive working environment in the company.

Therefore, In contrast, leadership excellence is the result of the right person being in the right place at the right time.

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Answer:

The answer is self-concept.

Explanation:

This refers to the awareness of oneself in terms of skills or unique characteristics. Our self-concept consodilates as we grow up, as we get to "know ourselves" better; however, it's constantly changing through adolescence and early adulthood.

In the example, Anton's self-concept may be categorised as academic self-concept, which is related to success or failure in school.

Answer:

The parental imperative

Explanation:

The parental imperative theory is a gender identity theory that holds the belief that while raising a child both father and mother hold a distinct role. The theory is based on the traditional gender role where male and female play different role in raising a child. This theory is criticized by many scholars for stereotyping gender roles.

As per the question, the different gender roles played by the Bill and Tanya while raising their child upholds the belief of parental imperative theory.

Answer:

Selection bias , Agenda setting  

Explanation:

            Selection bias in media is represented by the stories or news which is covered by the media person and how they are covered in the media. Media selection bias can influence the politics by focusing on the issues that politicians and others pay attention to.

           Agenda setting --- Media plays an important role in agenda settings. It means if some particular news is not covered by the media, then nobody pays attention to those news.

          Thus when the media in the Middle East reports to the war in the region and neglects any positive economic news from the region, it shows the selection bias of the media and it is directly related to the agenda setting power of the media because it affects the political affairs in the region.

Hence the answer is ---

Selection bias , Agenda setting  

The media's power of agenda-setting and gatekeeping is at play when they choose to focus on a war in the Middle East instead of positive economic news from the region.

If the media chooses to focus on a war in the Middle East rather than discussing some positive economic news from that region, it is engaging in agenda-setting. This is directly related to the media's power of gatekeeping.

Agenda-setting is the ability of the media to determine which stories are important and deserve attention, while gatekeeping refers to the media's role in deciding what to show the public and what to ignore. In this case, by choosing to focus on the war rather than economic news, the media is shaping public perception and prioritizing certain issues.

This power of the media is significant as it influences the information people receive and ultimately shapes their understanding of the world.

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Sophia loves to read books. Her parents think that reading books is important, so they reward her with $5 every time she reads a book. Over time, Sophia realizes that she really doesn’t love books all that much.  this an example of the over-justification effect.

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The over-justification effect is a result or event that reduces the interest over some action to perform when doing that action is being rewarded. This over-justification is the result when losing happiness or pleasure while doing it.

The joy attained while doing that action acts as the reward itself. When those actions are rewarded for things that will make to ask a question within themselves. That these rewards as things are valuable than your joy or happiness attained.

Thus it can diminish the motivations or interest in your favorite action of doing something. Sometimes it also results in the behavior since the activities getting changed due to the lack of interest.

Answer:

Native American Culture and Spanish Culture

Explanation:

These two cultures, i.e., Native American and The Spanish are blended together and shaped the development of Mexico.

The Plaza of these cultures incorporate a catholic Church which was constructed by the Spanish and the ruins of the stones of a market place of the Aztecs.

With the dense population of about 18 million people in the Mexico city, the city is the world's second largest and this dense population has also led to the problem of air pollution due to vehicles.

There also exist disparities among the rich and poor of the society.

Answer: Aztec and Hispanic/Spanish are two cultures .....

Explanation: blending together = creolization, hybridization etc. which was a process that was mainly unconscious. Concepts of "colonization", "subjectivity", "culture", "race" or "racism" did not exist at that time. Today´s post-colonial studies use all these concepts that did not exited at that time.  European/Spanish culture was 100% Christian, so (as Portuguese and Gilberto Freyre justified Portuguese colonization) all these conquests were "Christo-centric" and not (primarily) ethnocentric ! I am not sure about 100% successful "blending together".....biologically there is a blend but does it also exist on other levels ? Psychological for example ?

Answer:

D. Yes, because people judged to be more attractive do better on job interviews, even when appearance is not related to the job.

Explanation:

This program refers to a population living in homless shelters. This means that people live in precarious conditions, and most likely won´t have the money to worry about how they look. Poor peolple often don´t have the money or the oportunities to have clean clothes, or to look presentable for a job interview.

Since appliying for a job requires to attend in good conditions, and the way a person looks, affects the impression that others might have on them, this  makes the program to be helpful.

Answer:

Ben most likely has acrophobia.

Explanation:

Acrophobia is a word of greek origin. Derives from Acros, which means "summit", and phobos, which means fear.

Acrophobia is thus, the fear of heights. These can be a serious medical issue in certain situations, as for example, in the scenario described in the question in which acrophobia is affecting Ben so much that he quit his job.

The person mentioned in the question likely has acrophobia, a specific phobia involving fear of heights. Phobias are common and can develop through learning, often following a traumatic experience. Behavior therapy strategies such as systematic desensitization and exposure therapy can help individuals manage and overcome their fears.

The person mentioned in the question, Ben, seems to exhibit symptoms of specific phobia, more precisely acrophobia which is the excessive fear of heights. Like Jayden, who was terrified of elevators, people with specific phobias often experience an irrational fear of a particular object or situation, even though they might know that their fear is unreasonable or excessive. This excessive fear can lead to avoidance of the feared object or situation, as seen in Ben's case with his fear of heights.

Phobias are common, with about 12.5% of the population meeting the criteria for a specific phobia at some point in their lifetime. As many theories suggest, phobias develop through learning, specifically through classical conditioning. For example, a traumatic experience involving the feared object could trigger this irrational fear.

Behavior therapy, such as systematic desensitization and exposure therapy, can help people cope with or even overcome their phobias. Jayden's therapy involved a strategy called systematic desensitization, a method that begins with imagining a mildly anxiety-provoking situation and proceeds towards real-life exposure to that scenario. Similar help could be beneficial for Ben to overcome his fear of heights.

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Answer:

Agoraphobia

Explanation:

Agoraphobia is a psychological situation of fear in which a person feels panic attacks and avoid such places or situations where an individual feel anxiety. In this situation, the person feels trapped in a situation where the individual feel could die. In this situation person fear from the situation or anticipated situation which includes enclosed spaces, crowd, to travel in buses, etc.  

Symptoms:

Thus in the above statement, Mr. Santo was suffering from agoraphobia due to fear of panic attack left his home last 10 years.

Answer:

THE SUPREME COURT

Explanation:

Despite the fact that each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled, the Supreme Court exclusively have the power to ensure the US cancels any amendments whatsoever.

Answer:

Personality disorder

Explanation:

According to the APA (American Psychiatric Association), the term personality disorder refers to long-term patterns of behavior and inner experiences that differs significantly from what is expected (this is based on the individual's culture). The pattern of experience and behavior begins by late adolescence or early adulthood and causes distress or problems in functioning.

Personality disorders affect at least two of these areas:

To be diagnosed, this pattern must not be the result of drugs, medication or a medical condition.

Thus, a Personality disorder is an enduring pattern of experience and behavior that differs greatly from the expectations of the individual's culture and manifests in more than one of the following areas: the way a person thinks, feels, gets along with others, or controls personal behavior.

Education may be considered the most important measure of immigrant assimilation due to its critical role in shaping immigrant identities and preparing immigrants to succeed in American society. `Adequate integration` would imply not only cultural assimilation, but social, educational, and economic inclusion.

Based on the studies discussed, one might argue that the most important measure of immigrant assimilation could be education due to its potential to provide opportunities for upward social mobility, and its role in shaping and mediating immigrant identities. For instance, the research conducted by American anthropologist Ritty Lukose highlights the importance of education in acknowledging immigrant identities, suggesting that it plays an integral role in immigrant assimilation processes. Furthermore, a more inclusionary and respectful representation of diverse immigrant identities and experiences in the curriculum can foster a more accepting multicultural society.

A group might be considered adequately integrated into American society when they are not only accommodated but also fully recognized, respected, and given equal opportunities in key societal institutions, such as education, work, and politics, irrespective of their immigrant origins. Integration is not just about cultural assimilation or losing one's cultural identity, but also about social, educational, and economic inclusion. It's worth noting that 'adequate integration' might vary contextually and isn't easily measurable due to its multi-dimensional and subjective nature.

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To measure immigrant assimilation in the United States, it is best to consider a comprehensive approach, which includes economic, cultural, and civic aspects of assimilation. Immigrant groups are considered adequately integrated when they achieve stability and growth in these three areas. The time for assimilation varies among groups, with newer immigrant groups usually requiring more time due to language, cultural, and institutional challenges.

Measuring the level of immigrant assimilation in the United States can be gauged through various parameters. However, according to Jacob L. Vigdor's report, a comprehensive measure stands as the most accurate way to assess immigrant assimilation.

Comprehensiveness considers economic, cultural, and civic assimilation aspects and merges them into a single index.

From the economic perspective, it assesses the immigrant or group's success in achieving financial stability and growth, as well as employment status. Cultural assimilation examines language proficiency, intermarriage rates, and the ability to navigate the dominant culture with ease.

Civic assimilation gauges a group's involvement in civic duties like voting, community volunteering, and social participation. The group is considered adequately integrated when all three realms, that is, economic, cultural, and civic aspects of assimilation, are positively apparent.

Studies show newer immigrant groups require more time to assimilate, owing to differences in language, culture, and the presence of institutional challenges, as indicated also by research like the Dillingham Commission. This integration process is vital for fostering a diverse, stable, robust, and cohesive society.

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Answer:

true

Explanation: