Answer:
Adaptive radiation
Explanation:
Adaptive radiation occurs when an ancestral species move to a new environment that has various resources that are necessary for survival and also has environmental conditions that would ensure its offspring adapt well over time. In this new environment, the ancestral species would produce offspring with different traits and behaviors that will allow them to survive in this new environment while occupying their various niches. Over a relatively short time, different species arising from the common ancestor would occupy the new environment.
You decide to plant a garden in your backyard. You dig up a strip of grass in a sunny spot. When you have finished digging up the grass, but you haven't planted anything, you have created a(an) _____ in the lawn.
a. ecological disturbance
b. new community
c. None of the answer options is correct.
d. ecological disturbance and a new community
Answer:
The correct answer is a. ecological disturbance
Explanation:
Any event that disrupts the ecosystem by changing the structure of biotic communities and abiotic elements is called ecological disturbance. So ecological disturbance has a devastating effect on communities that like in that ecosystem.
These disturbances can be natural like disturbance from tsunami, volcanic eruptions, landslide, flood, etc. Disturbance created by human activities comes under artificial ecological disturbance for example disturbance created by dams.
Here the disturbance is created by digging up the grass which changes the structure of biotic and abiotic elements of that ecosystem therefore it is an example of ecological disturbance.
Final answer:
Digging up the grass for a new garden creates an ecological disturbance. The immediate effect is the disruption of the existing ecosystem, potentially allowing new species to colonize through ecological succession.
Explanation:
When you have finished digging up the grass to plant a garden, but have not yet planted anything, you have created an ecological disturbance in the lawn. The correct answer to the question is option a. For reference, an ecological disturbance is an event that disrupts ecosystem, community, or population structure and changes resources, substrate availability, or the physical environment. As described in ecological studies, when a disturbance occurs, it often provides opportunities for new species to colonize and potentially creates a new community over time through the process of ecological succession. However, immediately after the disturbance and before any new species have established themselves, the primary effect is the disturbance itself, not the creation of a new community.
Furthermore, to address the follow-up question related to ecological roles, the function of a life-form within a community is called a niche, which is option A.
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up at the spindle equator?
Chromosomes line up at the spindle equator, or metaphase plate, during the metaphase phase of mitosis. This alignment is crucial for even chromatid distribution during cell division.
Explanation:During the mitosis phase known as metaphase, chromosomes, which consist of sister chromatids, align at the spindle equator, also referred to as the metaphase plate or the equatorial plane. This alignment ensures that when the cell divides during anaphase, the sister chromatids will separate evenly and be distributed to the two daughter cells. The attachment of spindle fibers to the centromeres of each pair of sister chromatids is integral to this process.
Charles Darwin developed the theory that explains how new species develop based on evidence from many different kinds of scientific inquiry. Darwin’s theory can only be accurate if the earth is very old. The scientists who provided evidence for the earth’s old age were most likely: a) astronomers such as Edwin Hubble. b) geologists such as James Hutton. c) biologists such as Francis Crick. d) physicists such as Marie Curie.
Answer:
The correct option is b) geologists such as James Hutton
Explanation:
Charles Darwin brought forward the theory that new species developed from older species. The species which were better adapted to live in an environment survived and passed on their traits to the offsprings.
As evolution took long periods of time hence, for evolution to occur the Earth must be very old. Geologist such as James Hutton worked out to find the history of the Earth and James Hutton believed that processes such as sedimentation and erosion could be used to diagnose the history of the Earth.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Upon his visit to Uganda, Churchill described the landscape as a "beautiful garden of death" because so many individuals were chronically infected with African Sleeping Sickness. What is the causative agent of this disease and its corresponding vector?
Answer:
It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. It is a vector-borne parasitic disease transmited by the Tse-tse fly.
Explanation:
African sleeping sickness, named human African trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic disease transmited by the Tse-tse fly (that belongs to the Glossina genus). These flies can acquire the parasite by biting infected humans or animals.
The causative agent is a protozoan of the genus Trypanosoma,
It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. It can be Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense has a prevalence of 98% of the reported cases, while Trypanosoma brucei gambiense accounts for the 2%.
Every day your epidermis normally sheds dead skin cells. What is the first step in the process by which epidermal cells are replaced?
Final answer:
The first step in the replacement of epidermal cells involves cell division in the stratum basale layer of the epidermis. New keratinocytes form and ascend through the epidermis, becoming part of the protective stratum corneum before they are shed.
Explanation:
The first step in the process by which epidermal cells are replaced begins with the innermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum basale (or stratum germinativum). In this layer, cells continuously divide through mitosis to form new keratinocytes. These newly formed cells then start their journey upwards through the multiple layers of the epidermis, producing more of the protein keratin as they move.
As the new keratinocytes accumulate keratin, they undergo a process of cell death (apoptosis), and eventually integrate into the stratum corneum, the outermost layer, becoming the flat, dead skin cells that we see and that are ultimately shed. This cyclical process of cell renewal and shedding helps keep our skin's barrier function intact. The whole turnaround, from cell birth to shedding, takes about 4 weeks in a healthy adult.
What nervous system components would you expect to find in a cephalized invertebrate such as a beetle?
a) a nerve net a brain.
b) spinal cord.
c) sensory ganglia nerve cords.
d) transverse nerves a brain.
e) ventral nerve cords.
f) segmental ganglia.
Answer:
The correct answer are - A brain, ventral nerve cords and segmental ganglia.
Explanation:
Cephalized invertebrates are the invertebrates that shows a degree of cephalization which is an evolutionary trend in which the organism developed the nerve ganglia, sense organs, and mouth over the generations in more concentrated at the anterior end of the organism.
Insects have a relatively simple nervous system components that invelove segmental ganglia, A well developed brain, and ventral nerve cords.
Thus, the correct answer is - A brain, ventral nerve cords and segmental ganglia.
The specialized membranes that surround the spinal cord are termed the
Answer: Spinal Meninges
Explanation:
Answer is spinal meninges
Spinal meninges are specialize membranes that surrounds the spinal cord and the brain. Spinal meninges consist of three membrane layers that surround the spinal cord. The three membrane layers are dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
Dura mater: The outermost and the thickest membrane.
Arachnoid mater is the middle layer which connects the dura mater and the pia mater.
Pia mater is the innermost layer, it forms a coat around the spinal cord and brain.
Also cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are liquid that circulate the Spinal Meninges.
Which meiosis stages is functionally the most similar to mitosis?
Answer:
Stages of Meiosis II
Explanation:
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the four gamete cells, with each of the cells reduced by half of the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
Mitosis is another type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, with each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Meiosis is divided into meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I is completely distinct from mitosis because every change that distinguishes meiosis from mitosis occurs in meiosis I. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in its order of activities. Some of them include:
- Prophase II: This involves condensation of chromosomes and formation of new spindle fibres. The similarity in this stage is that the breaking and rejoining of the arm of a chromatid, a process called crossing-over, does not occur unlike in Meiosis I.
- Anaphase II: sister chromatids (replicated pair of chromosome joined by a centromere) separates. This is similar to what occurs in mitosis unlike Meiosis II, where homologous pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibres moving two sister chromatids to each pole.
-Cytokinesis: After the cytokinesis of meiosis II, each daughter cell has the same number of chromosome as the parent cell that divided e.g. a parent cell with n gives rise to two n cells. This is similar to the cytokinesis of mitosis (equal division) unlike Meiosis I, where the number of chromosomes of the daughter cell has been reduced by half (reduction division) e.g a parent cell with 2n gives rise to two cells with n each.
Water particles adhere tightly to soil particles due to _____. a. adhesive properties of minerals in the soil b. hydrogen bonding with negative charges on soil particles c. the small spaces between particles through which gravity can draw the water d. ionic bonding with negative charges on soil particles e. hydrogen bonding with positive charges on soil particles
A
Water in the soil is held tightly by adhesive forces between the water molecules and the mineral content in soil particles - in the microspores.
Explanation:
While water passes through the macrospores of soil by gravity, water passes through the microspores mainly by cohesion between the water molecules and adhesion between the water molecules and soil minerals. The more surface area for the minerals in the soil (due to finer particle sizes) the higher the water retention rate of the soil. This is why soil with more humus (like silt and clay) retains water more than soils like sand.
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How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE?
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 32 (e) none of the above
An individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE can produce 8 unique gametes through independent assortment, considering the independently assorting genes Aa, Bb, and Dd.
Explanation:The student has asked how many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE. To answer this, we must first consider the alleles that can segregate independently. The genotype AaBbCCDdEE has three genes where independent assortment can occur: Aa, Bb, and Dd. CC and EE do not affect the calculation since they are homozygous and only provide one type of allele. The number of unique gametes is calculated by raising the number of possible allele combinations for a single gene to the power of the number of genes that can segregate independently. In this case, each gene with different alleles (Aa, Bb, and Dd) can produce 2 different gametes (A or a, B or b, D or d). Since we have three such genes, the number of unique gametes is 2^3, which equals 8. Therefore, the correct answer is (b) 8.
How many turns of the citric acid cycle are required for the methyl carbon of acetyl coa to be consumed?
Answer:
two turns
Explanation: At the end of glycolytic pathway, One glucose molecule produces two Acetyl-CoA molecules, the energy output of the Kreb's cycle is usually expressed as the product of the two cycles needed to break down both Acetyl-CoA's.
Steps in the Krebs Cycle
The Krebs Cycle releases energy from acetyl–CoA, but the cellular task is to release energy in a steady and useful way. Thus, the pathway (1) links the acetyl group(2-carbon) of Acetyl-CoA to the substrate(4-carbon) to create a 6-carbon molecule;
(2) rearranges the 6-carbon molecule to a more reactive form;
(3) removes one of the carbon molecules of the substrate to form a 5-carbon molecule and releases energy;
(4) removes another of the carbon atoms of the substrate to form a 4-carbon molecule and releases energy; and
(5) rearranges energy; The main point is that the substratum is first extracted and its carbon atoms emitted in the form of CO2, and only then are the atoms rearranged to reconstruct the substratum in the acetate (from the Acetyl–CoA).
To consume the methyl carbon of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle, approximately three turns are required due to the intricate processes involved in carbon atom distribution and conversion.
The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, processes acetyl-CoA, which enters the cycle contributing two carbon atoms. Each turn of the cycle releases two carbon dioxide molecules, but these do not necessarily contain the same carbon atoms contributed by the acetyl group on that turn. It typically takes multiple turns for the methyl carbon specifically (one of the carbon atoms of acetyl-CoA) to be consumed.
For the methyl carbon of acetyl-CoA to be fully released as carbon dioxide, it requires approximately three turns of the citric acid cycle. This is due to the intricate rearrangement and conversion processes within the cycle that distributes the carbon atoms over subsequent rounds.
Classify a fiber tract that communicates between the left prefrontal lobe and the left parietal lobe.
Answer:
The answer is association fibers
Explanation:
Association fibers communicate between gyri in the same cerebral hemisphere.
The gyri is a ridge tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere.
Research has indicated that during the inflammatory response to P. acnes, both the classical and the alternative complement pathways are activated. Which of the following are outcomes of activating complement pathways?
Select all that apply.
A. activation of T cytotoxic cells
B. inflammation
C. generation of antibodies against P. acnes
D. opsonization
E. cytolysis
Answer:
The correct answers are options B, D and E.
Explanation:
One of the essential parts of the innate immune system is the complement system. This system performs an essential function in elevating the tendency of antibodies and phagocytic cells to eliminate the pathogens. There are three biochemical pathways, which instigate the complement system that comprises the classical, alternative, and lectin complement pathway.
The fundamental activities of the complement system are opsonization, cell lysis, chemotaxis, and agglutination. The process of cytolysis takes place through the complement pathway by the generation of membrane attack complex in the raiding cells. The complement pathway also leads to inflammation.
What is this an example of:
a) a cow who's coat color is roan (red and white)
b) A red flower and a white flower produce a pink flower
c) In rabbits there are 4 different versions of the gene for coat color
Answer:
A) a cow who's coat color is roan (red and white) : Co- dominance
B) A red flower and a white flower produce a pink flower: Incomplete dominance
C) In rabbits there are 4 different versions of the gene for coat color- Multiple alleles
Explanation:
Co-dominance can be described as a phenomenon in which the two different phenotypes of the parents can be seen in the offspring produced by them. For example, In the option A, the cow had a parent with red coat colour and a parent with a white coat colour. Both these traits were seen in the offspring.
Incomplete dominance is a phenomenon in which parents of two different phenotypes give rise to a new phenotype in the offspring which is not present in both of the parents.
The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue. The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue. 25 percent 68 percent 35 percent 15 percent 97 percent
Final answer:
The adult human brain contains almost 97 percent of the body's neural tissue. It is the control center of the nervous system and organism, weighing about 1.5 kg and occupying a volume of roughly 1.1 L. The brain uses about 20 percent of the body's total energy and primarily relies on glucose for energy.
Explanation:
The adult human brain contains almost 97 percent of the body's neural tissue.
The brain is the control center of the nervous system and the entire organism. It weighs about 1.5 kg and occupies a volume of roughly 1.1 L. The brain is made up of an estimated one hundred billion neurons, each with thousands of synaptic connections to other neurons. It also uses about 20 percent of the body's total energy and primarily relies on glucose for energy.
A penetrating stab wound to the heart wall that causes blood to leak into the pericardial cavity would result in A penetrating stab wound to the heart wall that causes blood to leak into the pericardial cavity would result in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. endocarditis. cardiac tamponade. myocardial infarction.
Answer:
The correct answer is cardiac tamponade.
Explanation:
Cardiac tamponade is the cause of the pericardial space being filled with liquid. This syndrome occurs in emergencies, as is the example of a stab penetrating wound and if it is not treated urgently it can result in pulmonary edema, shock and even death.
What happens in this case is that the pericardium receives a high pressure which causes that the pumping of blood it is not carried out correctly, and the heart is compressed decreasing the filling during diastole.
The most appropriate procedure to treat this type of emergency is a pericardiocentesis that allows studying and draining the fluid lodged in the pericardium so that the pressure can decrease.
Ah! I smell cookies baking! I cannot wait to taste them: warm and sweet! Smell and taste are closely related senses. Identify the one statement that does not describe these two senses. A) If an organism does not have a receptor for a particular odor molecule, for that organism, the odor has no smell. B) Both smell and taste use chemoreceptors, which means they are both sensing the chemical environment. C) If one’s sense of smell is not functional, then the sense of taste will also not function. D) The senses of smell and taste combine at the back of the nasal passage
Answer:The answer to this question is D: The senses of smell and taste combine at the back of the nasal passage.
Mendel discovered that the allele for green seed pods (G) is dominant to the allele for yellow seed pods (g). He crossed true-breeding (homozygous) parental plants with green (GG) and yellow (gg) seed pods to produce an F1 generation, all of which were heterozygous (Gg) with green seed pods. He then crossed two of these F1 plants to produce an F2 generation.
Drag the genotypes and phenotypes from the left to correctly complete the Punnett square for the F2 generation. Drag only blue labels to blue targets and pink labels to pink targets. Labels may be used more than once.
Answer:
GG, Gg, Gg, gg
Homozygous green – GG
Heterozygous green – Gg
Homozygous yellow - gg
Explanation:
It is given that allele for green seed pods (G) is dominant to the allele for yellow seed pods (g) which means that if “G” and “g” occur together, a trait associated with G will be expressed.
The genotype of the true breeding Green plant is “GG”
The genotype of the true-breeding yellow plant is “gg”
F1 generation cross
GG * gg
Offspring produced from F1 generation are – Gg, Gg, Gg, Gg
In f2 generation offspring of F1 generation are crossed among each other.
So the offspring produced in F2 generation are
Gg * Gg
GG, Gg, Gg, gg
Homozygous green – GG
Heterozygous green – Gg
Homozygous yellow - gg
"" An experiment was performed to determine the role that ATP plays in kinesin movement along microtubules. Kinesin and microtubules were incubated together in a test tube, but instead of ATP, a non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP was added to the tube. What impact on kinesin function do you expect to observe in the presence of this ATP analog?
Answer:
There will be no movement of kinesin protein along microtubules.
Explanation:
ATP or adenosine tri phosphate is an energy rich compound which undergo hydrolysis to generate free energy that is utilized by the cell to carry out various cellular and biological process such as movement of kinesin along microtubules.
Accoeding to the given question if the kinesin and microtubules are incubated with non hydrolyzable ATP analog instead of ATP then there will be no movement of kinesin along microtubules due lack of free energy.
As non hydrolyzable ATP anolog is used it will unable to undergo hydrolysis to generate free energy.
Despite inhabiting overlapping ranges, the western spotted skunk and the eastern spotted skunk do not interbreed, partly because the western species breeds in early fall and the eastern species breeds in late winter to early spring. This is an example of _______ isolation.
A. chemical
B. gametic
C. post-zygotic
D. temporal
E. mechanical
Answer:
D. temporal
Explanation:
Temporal isolation is a reproductive barrier that occurs when two similar members of a biological population occupying the same habitat breed at different times of the day or at different seasons. When this occurs, the two similar members would be unable to mate with each other. Over time, both individuals become entirely two different species through this evolutionary mechanism
By virtue of their reproductive cycle, all viruses must possess a mechanism for all of the below except exiting the cell. gaining entry into the host cell. using host cell enzymes to translate viral proteins. incorporating their genetic material into the host genome.
Answer:
All viruses possess a mechanism except exiting the cell
Explanation:
There are two main types of reproductive cycle in viruses, the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle.
In the lytic cycle, the bacteriophage attaches itself to the host cell through its tail fibers and gain contact with the host cell wall. The tip of the tail make a hole in the bacterial cell wall by means of enzyme lysozyme. Through this hole or point of entry, the viral genome enters the host cell and transcribe some mRNAs to form enzymes over the host ribosomes and degrades the host DNA and mRNAs. It takes over of the entire cellular machinery. Different components combine to form new phages particles or viruses The eclipse period is the period between entry of viral nucleoid into the host cell and the bursting of host cell to release new viruses.
Contrastingly, in lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA does not take over the control of cellular machinery of the host instead produces a repressor and undergoes reduction to temperate or non violent state.
A physician orders a general health panel, all tests except a creatinine, including cbc with automated differential. what cpt® code(s) is/are reported?
Answer:
The answers are 85025, 84443, 82040, 82247, 82310, 82374, 82435, 82947, 84075, 84132, 84155, 84295, 84460, 84450, 84520.
Explanation:
The panel codes cannot be reported unless the physcian species exactly which tests were performed in the patient. If any test is left out, this test will need to be coded individually.
A young child suffers a debilitating condition that includes progressive degeneration of the motor axons that innervate the masseter muscle. Which of the following muscles is most likely to exhibit the same fate?
A. Genioglossus
B. Tensor veli palatini
C. Orbicularis oris
D. Levator veli palatini
E. Stylopharyngeus
Answer:
The correct answer is option B. "Tensor veli palatini".
Explanation:
Masseter muscle plays an important role in chewing solid foods while the tensor veli palatini acts elevating the palate and preventing that food goes into the nasopharynx. A progressive degeneration of the motor axons that innervate the masseter muscle will likely produce a similar effect in the tensor veli palatini muscle. Not only both muscles have functions during chewing of food, but also both muscles are controlled by similar motor axons.
It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information. Which of the following characteristics of DNA is responsible for this?:
a. sequence of bases
b. sugar-phosphate backbones
c. complimentary base pairs
d. side groups
e. 5-carbon sugars
Answer: a. Sequence of bases
Explanation:
James Watson and Francis Crick, discovered the famous double helix structure or spiral staircase, found in DNA.
DNA is a molecule composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone, which consists of 5-carbon deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups. The monomers of DNA are called nucleotides, and each one contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a base. A sequence of bases is a succession of letters representing the primary structure of DNA with the ability to carry information. The letters are A, C, G, and T, which symbolize the four nucleotide subunits of a DNA (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine) And there is a complementary base pairing which is the phenomenon where guanine always bonds to cytosine, and adenine always binds to thymine.
The sequence of bases in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in a particular protein, which will have a specific structure and function.
Which of the following statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept, is (are) correct?
I. Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation.
II. Biological species are the model used for grouping extinct forms of life.
III. The biological species is the largest unit of population in which successful reproduction is possible.
A) I only
B) II only
C) I and III
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III
Answer:
C) I and III
Explanation:
The biological species concept defines species as a group of individuals that can interbreed together to give rise to fertile and viable progeny. Therefore, a biological species consists of one or more populations whose members are able to interbreed among themselves to produce fertile progeny but can not interbreed with the members of other biological species. Reproductive isolation is the criteria to classify organisms on the basis of the biological species concept.
The concept cannot be applied to the extinct organisms or the organisms that do not reproduce sexually.
Final answer:
Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation and are the largest unit of population in which successful reproduction is possible.
Explanation:
The correct statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept, are:
Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation. This means that individuals of different species cannot reproduce successfully with each other, leading to the formation of distinct species.
The biological species is the largest unit of population in which successful reproduction is possible. This means that individuals within the same biological species have the ability to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C) I and III.
Give an example of how the rock cycle can change one type of rock into another
The three main rock types are igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation. Any rock can transform into any other rock by passing through one or more of these processes. This creates the rock cycle
Answer: in the picture
Explanation:
When Thomas Hunt Morgan crossed his red-eyed F₁ generation flies to each other, the F₂ generation included both red- and white-eyed flies. Remarkably, all the white-eyed flies were male. What was the explanation for this result?
A) The involved gene was on the X chromosome
B) The involved gene was on the Y chromosome.
C) The involved gene was on an autosome.
D) Other in.ilc-spccific factors influence eye color in flies
E) Other fc.nalc-sjxcific factors influence eye color in flics.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-A
Explanation:
Thomas Hunt Morgan performed the experiment in 1910 on the Drosophila which explained the role played by the chromosomes in heredity. When Morgan crossed red-eyed flies he observed that F₂ flies included both red ad white-eyed flies in which the males are white-eyed only.
Morgan concluded that the genetic factor which controlled the eye color was present on the same chromosome which determined the sex of the flies. This indicated that the gene in involved on the X chromosome and the male is hemizygous for the trait.
Thus, option-A is the correct answer.
The explanation for the observed outcome of Thomas Hunt Morgan's fruit fly experiment is that the gene for eye color was on the X chromosome. The white-eyed flies were all male due to inheriting this gene from their mothers, as males only have one X chromosome and thus cannot mask the expression of recessive traits.
Explanation:The explanation for the observed phenomenon in Thomas Hunt Morgan’s experiment pertains to the genes and where they are located. In this case, the correct explanation is A) The involved gene was on the X chromosome. This is because in fruit flies, which is what Morgan used, the sex is determined by the XY system, where males are XY and females are XX. If a male receives a recessive gene (like the one for white eyes) it will be expressed because he has no other allele on a second X to mask it. This is why all the white-eyed flies were male in Morgan’s F₂ generation, as they inherited the white-eye gene on their X chromosome from their mother.
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1. Which of the following are evidences of evolution? *
a. Fossil Record
b. Geographic Distribution of Living Species
c. Homologous Body structures
d. Similarities in Embryology
e. All of the above
2. Which of the following provides evidence that living things have evolved? *
a. Fossil Record
b. Geographic Distribution of Living Species
c. Homologous Body structures
d. Similarities in Embryology
3.What are the structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues? *
Analogous Body Structures
Transitional Forms
Homologous Body Structures
Fossil
T/F: The wing of a bat, human arm, and leg of a turtle are examples of Homologous Body Structures. *
True
False
What are traces of homologous organs in other species (they are often organs that serve no useful function)?
Analogous Body Structures
Transitional Forms
Homologous Body Structures
Vestigial Organs
Which term means that organisms change over time?
Evolution
Herpetology
Ornithology
Paleontology
What is an example of a vestigial organ?
Ear
Nose
Appendix
Foot
T/F: In their early stages of development, chickens, turtles and rats look similar, providing evidence that they shared a common ancestry.
True
False
Answer:
1:e
2:d
3: homologous structure
4:true
5: vestigial structures
6: evolution
7: appendix
8:true
One of the greatest proofs of evolution is the existence of fossil records.
Evolution refers to the gradual changes that took place in living organisms over time. One of the greatest evidences of evolution is the existence of fossil records.
Homologous Body Structures are the structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues. It is a true statement that the wing of a bat, human arm, and leg of a turtle are examples of Homologous Body Structures.
The traces of homologous organs in other species in which they no longer serve a function are called vestigial organs. The appendix in humans is a vestigial organ.
It is a true statement that in their early stages of development, chickens, turtles and rats look similar, providing evidence that they shared a common ancestry.
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What aspect of dna structure makes it possible for the proteins of nucleotide excision repair to recognize many different types of dna damage?
Answer:
The regularity of DNA's overall structure.
Explanation:
DNA is the genetic material of almost all the living organisms but RNA may also acts as the genetic material in some viruses only. The mutation in DNA may cause characteristic disease in individual.
The nucleotide excision repair mechanism excise the wrong nucletide and replace with the correct nucleotide. The overall DNA structure like its nucleotide sequence, the size and angles between the DNA base pair, its methylation helps in recognizing different DNA type.
Thus, the correct answer is the regularity of DNA's overall structure.
The structure of DNA allows the nucleotide excision repair mechanism to identify and fix various types of DNA damage. The mechanism works by unwinding the DNA, removing the damaged segment, and replacing it with correct nucleotides using the complementary strand as a guide. Then, the DNA strand is resealed and rejoined to its complement.
Explanation:The aspect of DNA structure that enables the recognition of various types of DNA damage is especially linked to the nucleotide excision repair mechanism. In this process, erroneous or damaged bases, such as those that may arise from UV-induced thymine dimers, are identified and excised by certain repair proteins. The DNA molecule is unwound, and the damaged segment gets removed by making an incision on both the 3' and 5' ends of the damaged base.
After the removal of the defective nucleotides, the DNA molecule undergoes reparation, during which the correct nucleotides are added in alignment with the complementary strand. This repair, the fill-in of the correct nucleotides, is facilitated by an enzyme named DNA polymerase. Post that, the DNA strand gets sealed and is allowed to rejoin its complement. The ends of the newly synthesized fragment are attached to the remaining DNA using another enzyme called DNA ligase, which forms a phosphodiester bond.
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Preparation for the "rest and digest" response includes activation of the ________ nervous system. Preparation for the "rest and digest" response includes activation of the ________ nervous system. parasympathetic sensory sympathetic somatic]
Answer:
parasympathetic
Explanation:
The parasympathetic nervous system is the part of the autonomic division and is responsible for rest and digest response during rest and recovery time. The parasympathetic nervous system serves to restore and conserve energy. The parasympathetic division is also called housekeeper division since it promotes all the internal responses associated with a relaxed body state. It causes the contraction of the pupil of the eye, promotes digestion and absorption of food, and slows down the heartbeat and other body functions that support the physical activity.