83.23 %
Explanation:We are given;
Mass of the sample mixture is 12.94 g Mass of the remaining mixture after sublimation is 2.17 gWe are required to get the mass percent of NH₄Cl in the original sample
Step 1 : Calculate mass of NH₄Cl in the original sample;Mass of NH₄Cl = Total mass of the mixture - remaining mass after sublimation
= 12.94 g - 2.17 g
= 10.77 g
Step 2: Percent by mass of NH₄Cl in the original sample% of NH₄Cl by mass =(Mass of NH₄Cl÷Total mass of original sample)×100
= (10.77 g ÷ 12.94 g) × 100
= 83.23 %
Therefore, the percent by mass of NH₄Cl in the original sample is 83.23%
Please help me! I am offering 100 points and brainliest!
Write a few sentences summarizing how density is changed by changing the mass without changing the volume and by changing the volume of a substance without changing the mass (both by increasing and decreasing). If you prefer, you can use specific numbers and calculations to show the relationship instead.
Explanation:
Since density is calculated with mass divided by volume, changing either of these variables will affect the density, not necessarily both of them. If only the volume is increased or only the mass is decreased, the density will decrease. If only the volume is decreased or only the mass in increased, the density will increase.
Example:
Original density is 50g/ml. Mass is 50g and volume is 1ml.
Increase mass only:
mass = 100g
Density = 100g/ml <= Density is increased
Decrease mass only:
mass = 25g
Density = 25g/ml <= Density is decreased
Increase volume only:
volume = 2ml
Density = 50g/2ml = 25g/ml <= Density is decreased
Decrease volume:
volume = 0.5ml
Density = 50g/0.5ml = 100g/ml <= Density is increased
Choose the aqueous solution below with the highest freezing point. These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.
These all have the same freezing point.
0.200 m Ba(NO3)2
0.200 m Mg(ClO4)2
0.200 m Na3PO3
0.200 m HOCH2CH2OH
Answer:
HOCH₂CH₂OHExplanation:
The decrease of the freezing point is a colligative property, which means that it depends on the number of particles dissolved (solute particles).
The equation for the decrease of the freezing point is:
ΔTf = m × Kf × iWhere:
ΔTf is the decrease of the freezing pointm is the molality of the solutionKf is the molal freezing constant, which depends on the solventi is the van't Hoff factor.For all the given solutions the molality and Kf are the same. So, the difference is given by the van't Hoff factor.
The ideal van't Hoff factor is assumed to be equal to the number of ions into which a solute dissociates in solutions (for ionic solutes) and equal to 1 for covalent molecules.
Then, you must just need to use the dissociation equation for each solute:
Ba(NO₃)₂ → Ba⁺² + 2NO₃⁻ ⇒ i = 3Mg(ClO₄)₂ → Mg²⁺ + 2 ClO₄⁻ ⇒ i = 3Na₃PO₃ → 3Na⁺ + PO₃³⁻ ⇒ i = 4HOCH₂CH₂OH is a covalent molecule ⇒ i = 1Hence, the solution that will experience the lowest freezing point reduction is HOCH₂CH₂OH because it has the lowest van't Hoff factor, and that will be the solution with the highest freezing point.
In addition to carbon dioxide, which of the following should Callie expect the seeds to give off as a waste product from performing cellular respiration?
Question options:
water
energy
oxygen
glucose
Answer:
The correct answer is water.
Explanation:
During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo complete oxidation to from energy in form of adenosine mono phosphate or ATP and metabolic waste products in form of Carbon monoxide(CO2) and water(H2O).
According to the given question Callie expect seeds to give off water(H2O) as a waste product from performing cellular respiration.
A chemistry teacher carried out several demonstrations, and students recorded their observations. For one of the demonstrations, a student concluded that a physical change took place, but not a chemical change. Which of the following observations could the student have made of the results of the demonstration?
Answer:
It demonstrates that it a physical change because you can't see nothing happening but something happening
Sry if it doesn't make sense
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
A chemistry teacher carried out several demonstrations, and students recorded their observations. For one of the demonstrations, a student concluded that a physical change took place, but not a chemical change. Which of the following observations could the student have made of the results of the demonstration?
a) Two colorless solutions were combined, and the resulting solution was pink.
b) When a solid was added to a liquid, sparks were produced.
c) One piece of solid substance was changed into small pieces.
d) When two solutions were combined, a precipitate formed.
Answer: One piece of solid substance was changed into small pieces.
Explanation:
Physical change is defined as the change in which shape and size of a substance changes, There is no change in the composition of the substance as no new substance is forming. It is usually an reversible reaction.
Chemical change is defined as the change in which a change is the chemical composition takes place resulting in the formation of new substance. It is usually an irreversible reaction.
Indicators showing chemical changes are :
Color change
Characteristic odor
Formation of bubbles
Formation of precipitate
Thus the given change is a physical change as only the physical state i.e. size of solid substance was changed into small pieces.
when naming a binary compound which element is named first metal or nonmetal
Answer:
Metal is named first
Explanation:
Binary compounds:
The compounds which are made up of the atoms of only two elements are called binary compounds.
For example:
The following compounds are binary:
HCl
NaCl
HCl is binary because it is composed of only hydrogen and chlorine.
Sodium chloride is also binary compound composed of only two element hydrogen and chlorine.
When naming these compounds the name of metal or cation is written first and anion is written after the cation. The anions are non meals.
The anion name is end with suffix " ide".
such as sodium chloride.
EC - Activities
Bryanna
bl195552
Mastery Assess It_5 School Year > Week 18 > Day 87
Target due: 1/29/20
CALCULATOR
MATERIALS
1. A scientist counts 5.62 x 1024 molecules of NaCl. How many moles of NaCl are in the sample? Show your work in
space below.
8.16 moles
11.33 moles
9.33 moles
10.5 moles
9.33 units of NaCl
I did not say molecules because sodium chloride is not a molecule, it is an ionic compound.
Explanation:
To find the number of moles of NaCl we use the Avogadro's number to devise the following reasoning:
if 1 mole of NaCl contains 6.022 × 10²³ units of NaCl
then X mole of NaCl contains 5.62 × 10²⁴ units of NaCl
X = (1 × 5.62 × 10²⁴) / 6.022 × 10²³
X = 0.933 × 10
X = 9.33 units of NaCl
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Based on Dalton's atomic theory, what do atoms consist of?
Compounds
Elements
Molecules
Particles
Answer:
Your answer would be particles
Explanation:
The atom consist of subatomic particles like electrons protons and neutrons.
what is true of elements across a period on the periodic table
All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. For example, every element in the top row (the first period) has one orbital for its electrons. All of the elements in the second row (the second period) have two orbitals for their electrons. As you move down the table, every row adds an orbital.
Elements across a period on the periodic table generally show a decrease in atomic radius, and an increase in ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity, with acidity increasing from left to right.
When analyzing the periodic table, elements across a period demonstrate systematic changes in chemical properties. As one moves across a period from left to right, the atomic radius generally decreases due to an increase in the number of protons, pulling electrons closer. Concurrently, ionization energy and electron affinity typically increase. The acidity of elements also increases, with more electronegative atoms forming stronger acids. Understanding these trends allows for the prediction of element behavior and chemical reactivity within a period.
What makes the results of a scientific experiment accurate?
Group of answer choices
A) Having multiple trials
B) Lacking any supporting data
C) Working in a lab
D) Using a hypothesis that is always true
Answer:
A
Explanation:
That's the best answer out of all of them.
Answer:the answer is a it makes the most sense and i tried looking at all of it and a actually made the most sense but umm yea its a
7. How many moles are there in 4.6 gms of Sodium(Na)?
Answer:
0.2mol
Explanation:
mol = mass/mr
mass = 4.6g
mr = 23
mol = 4.6/23
= 0.2mol
The temperature of a 268 mL sample of gas increases from 151. K to 353. K. What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?
Answer:
V₂ = 626.52 mL
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial volume = 268 mL
Initial temperature = 151 K
Final temperature = 353 K
Final volume = ?
Solution:
V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂
V₂ = V₁ T₂/ T₁
V₂ = 268 mL× 353 K / 151 K
V₂ = 94604 mL.K / 151 K
V₂ = 626.52 mL
Given 6 moles of CuCl2, how many moles of AICI, were made?
Upon reacting 6 moles of copper(II) chloride with aluminum, 4 moles of aluminum chloride are produced according to the stoichiometry of the balanced equation.
When 6 moles of copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) react with aluminum (Al), the balanced chemical equation is:
2Al + 3CuCl₂ → 2AlCl₃ + 3Cu
To find the number of moles of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) produced, we use stoichiometry. The ratio of AlCl₃ to CuCl₂ in the balanced equation is 2:3.
Therefore, for every 3 moles of CuCl₂, 2 moles of AlCl₃ are formed. Given 6 moles of CuCl₂, we can set up a proportion:
(2 moles AlCl₃ / 3 moles CuCl₂) = (x moles AlCl₃ / 6 moles CuCl₂)
Solving for x gives us:
x = (2 moles AlCl₃ / 3 moles CuCl₂) x 6 moles CuCl₂ = 4 moles AlCl₃
So, 6 moles of CuCl₂ react to produce 4 moles of aluminum chloride.
The complete question is:
Aluminum reacts with copper(II) chloride to make aluminum chloride and copper(a)2Al+3CuCl₂→2AlCl₃+3Cu. Given 6 moles of CuCl₂, how many moles of AICI, were made?
CH4+ 2O2>CO2 + 2H2O
What will accompany the products as a result of this reaction?
Discuss how your balanced chemical equation agrees with the law of conservation of mass.
Answer:
The given reaction is combustion reaction heat is also produced.
Explanation:
Chemical equation:
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
The given reaction is combustion of methane. When methane burn it produced water and carbon dioxide. Heat is also produced.
The given reaction followed the law of conservation of mass.
Law of conservation of mass:
According to the law of conservation mass, mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical equation.
Explanation:
This law was given by french chemist Antoine Lavoisier in 1789. According to this law mass of reactant and mass of product must be equal, because masses are not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
There are equal number of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms present on both side of equation. So it follow the law of conservation of mass.
Aqueous solutions of lead nitrate and potassium iodide are combined in a test tube. The best proof that a chemical reactions has occurred would be that
Answer:
Observe the yellow color (lead iodide)
What is the relationship between mass, volume, and density? When you change one of those values, why do the others change, too?
Density is the ratio of mass to volume. When one of these variables changes (mass or volume), density changes as well, due to them being directly or inversely proportional. Example: an inflated balloon floats because its volume increases (while mass stays constant), thus its density decreases.
Explanation:The relationship between mass, volume, and density is defined by the formula: density = mass/volume. This means that density is the ratio of mass to volume.
When you change one of these values (mass, volume or density), the others change too, because they are directly or inversely proportional. For example, if you increase the mass of an object while keeping the volume constant, its density will increase. Conversely, if you increase the volume of an object while keeping its mass constant, its density will decrease.
A good example can be found in balloon: when you inflate a balloon, its volume increases while its mass remains nearly constant, resulting in a decrease in its density. That's why the balloon floats in the air (the air around being denser than the balloon).
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what is a hypothesis in an experiment?
i’m doing homework on independent and dependent variables in science PLEASE HELP
Answer:
A hypothesis is an educated guess.
Answer:
The hypothesis is a educated guess that you take before starting an experiment.
Explanation:
If I do blank then blank will happen. If I drink water then I won't feel thirsty. It is something that makes you take a guess about what will happen.
Which reactant is limiting
The limiting reactant is Cl₂ (chlorine).
Explanation:
We have the following chemical reaction:
2 Al (s) + 3 Cl₂ (g) → 2 AlCl₃ (s)
And we start with 2.7 g of Al and 3.12 g of Cl₂.
First we calculate the number of moles of each reactant.
number of moles = mass / molar weight
number of moles of Al = 2.7 / 27 = 0.1 moles
number of moles of Cl₂ = 3.12 / 71 = 0.044 moles
From the chemical reaction we see that 2 moles of Al are reacting with 3 moles of Cl₂ so 0.1 moles of Al are reacting with 0.15 moles of Cl₂ which is a quantity higher than our available one of 0.044 moles of Cl₂. The limiting reactant is Cl₂.
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what is the transfer of electrons in Al + Cl = AlCl3
Answer:
3 e⁻ transfer has occurred.
Explanation
This is a redox reaction.
Oxidation (loss of electrons or increase in the oxidation state of entity)Reduction (gain of electrons or decrease in the oxidation state of the entity)An element undergoes oxidation or reduction in order to achieve a stable configuration. It can be an octet or duplet configuration. An octet configuration is that of outer shell configuration of noble gas.[Ne]= (1s²) (2s² 2p⁶)A combination of both the reactions( Half-reactions) leads to a redox reaction.
Let us look at initial configurations of Al and Cl
[Al]= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
[Cl]= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
Hence, Al can lose 3 electrons to achieve octet config.
and, Cl can gain 1e to achieve nearest noble gas config. [Ar]
This reaction can be rewritten, by clearly mentioning the oxidation states of all the entities involved.
Al⁰ + Cl⁰ → (Al⁺³)(Cl⁻)₃
Here, Aluminum is undergoing an oxidation(i.e loss of electrons) from: 0→(+3)
Chlorine undergoes a reduction half reaction (i.e gain of electrons) from: 0→(-1). There are 3 such chlorine atoms, hence 3 e⁻ transfer has occurred.
PLSS HELP ASAP PLSS
molar concentration of Na⁺ ions = 3 M
molar concentration of CO₃⁻ ions = 1.5 M
First the water will solvate the sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃).
Second the 80 mL of water added will dilute the first solution.
Explanation:
When you dissolve the Na₂CO₃ in water, the following solvation process takes place:
Na₂CO₃ (s) + H₂O (l) → 2 Na⁺ (aq) + CO₃⁻ (aq)
To find the final concentration of Na₂CO₃ solution we use the following formula:
concentration (1) × volume (1) = concentration (2) × volume (2)
concentration (2) = concentration (1) × volume (1) / volume (2)
concentration of Na₂CO₃ solution = 2.5 M × 120 mL / 200 mL
concentration of Na₂CO₃ solution = 1.5 M
molar concentration = number of moles / volume (L)
number of moles = molar concentration × volume (L)
number of moles of Na₂CO₃ = 1.5 M × 0.2 L = 0.3 moles
Knowing the solvation process we devise the following reasoning:
if 1 mole of Na₂CO₃ produces 2 moles of Na⁺ ions and 1 mole of CO₃⁻ ions
then 0.3 moles of Na₂CO₃ produces X moles of Na⁺ ions and Y mole of CO₃⁻ ions
X = (0.3 × 2) / 1 = 0.6 moles of Na⁺ ions
Y = (0.3 × 1) / 1 = 0.3 moles of CO₃⁻ ions
molar concentration = number of moles / volume (L)
molar concentration of Na⁺ ions = 0.6 / 0.2 = 3 M
molar concentration of CO₃⁻ ions = 0.3 / 0.2 = 1.5 M
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19
An emission spectrum shows two distinct lines separated by a small gap. What does this reveal?
A)
the electron dissipated into two photons
the electron took two jumps to return to its ground state
the electron emitted two photons simultaneously during its jump
the electron underwent the transition between a higher and ground state
twice
Answer:
The electron took two jumps to return to its ground state.
Explanation:
If the electron is in nth state then it first goes to (n-1)th to 2nd state and emits one photon of this energy gap. Then, it goes to ground state and emits another photon of different energy. It can emit [tex]\left \{ {{n-1} \atop {2}} \right.[/tex] types of different photons. Fourth option is incorrect because in that case it emits one photon and absorbs one photon to go back to that state and also both photons are of same energy.
A similar chemical analysis is performed on a 200.0g sample of the sugar found in corn
syrup. This sample contains 80.Og of carbon, 13.3 g of hydrogen and 106.7 g of
oxygen. What is the percent composition by mass of carbon in this compound?
Answer:
40%
Explanation:
Calculate the percent of the mass that is carbon:
[tex]\% mass = \frac{80}{200} \times 100 = 40\%[/tex]
The percent composition by mass of carbon in the compound is 40%.
To determine the percent composition by mass of carbon in the compound, one must calculate the ratio of the mass of carbon to the total mass of the sample, and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage.
The mass of carbon in the sample is given as 80.0 g. The total mass of the sample is the sum of the masses of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which is 200.0 g (since the sample itself is 200.0 g).
The formula to calculate the percent composition by mass is:
[tex]\[ \text{Percent composition by mass} = \left( \frac{\text{mass of carbon}}{\text{total mass of the sample}} \right) \times 100 \] Substituting the given values into the formula: \[ \text{Percent composition by mass of carbon} = \left( \frac{80.0 \text{ g}}{200.0 \text{ g}} \right) \times 100 \] \[ \text{Percent composition by mass of carbon} = \left( \frac{2}{5} \right) \times 100 \] \[ \text{Percent composition by mass of carbon} = 0.4 \times 100 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Percent composition by mass of carbon} = 40\% \][/tex]
Therefore, the percent composition by mass of carbon in the compound is 40%.
What force is necessary to accelerates a 1250kg car at a rate of 40 m/s
Answer:
F = 50000 N
Explanation:
The acceleration is rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time.
Formula:
a = Δv/Δt
a = acceleration
Δv = change in velocity
Δt = change in time
Units:
The unit of acceleration is m.s⁻².
Acceleration can also be determine through following formula,
F = m × a
a = F/m
Given data:
Mass of car = 1250 Kg
Acceleration = 40 m/s².
Force = ?
Solution:
F = m × a
F = 1250 Kg × 40 m/s²
Kg.m/s² = N
F = 50000 N
Which of the following is not among the advantages of generating nuclear energy?
A. It does not release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
B. It does not require a specialized process or involve any risk
C. It does not release chemicals that cause acid rain
D. It does not contribute to air pollution
(science)
B
While nuclear energy does not pollute the environment, it poses the risk of radiation which is harmful to organisms because it causes lethal mutations.
Explanation:
Nuclear fission, for example, releases neutrons and other particles (at very high speeds) that can ionize materials including DNA. This will induce mutations of DNA most of which are usually lethal to organisms. Gamma and X- rays are also produced by fusion reactions and if exposed to organisms also cause mutations on DNA through double stranded breaks. Therefore, the risk of an accident of a nuclear reactor can have immense ramifications on the ecosystems.
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Volume is decreased inside the compressor, causing an increase in pressure and
We want materials for the compressor that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of refrigerants.
What is a compressor?The most popular of these is air, and compressors are mechanical devices that are used to raise pressure in a range of compressible fluids or gases.
A compressor is a mechanical device that lowers a gas's volume while raising its pressure.
One particular kind of gas compressor is an air compressor. Pumps and compressors have characteristics in that both raise the pressure on a fluid and can move it via a pipe.
The air is forced into the storage tank by the vacuum and out of the chamber. The compressor shuts off once the storage tank reaches its maximum air pressure. The duty cycle refers to this procedure.
Therefore, Volume is decreased inside the compressor, causing an increase in pressure and Temperature.
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If Fifty tabs of Clarithromycin 500mg costs $25.00, how much would ten tabs of Clarithromycin 500mg cost ?
Answer:
5$
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of tablets = 50
Cost = 25.00$
Number of tablets = 10
Cost = ?
Solution:
we will solve this problem through cross multiplication.
25/50 = x/ 10
x = 25/50×10
x = 0.5 × 10
x = 5
To find the cost of ten tabs of Clarithromycin 500mg, set up a proportion based on given information and solve for the cost.
Explanation:To find the cost of ten tabs of Clarithromycin 500mg, we need to set up a proportion based on the given information.
If 50 tabs cost $25.00, then we can set up the proportion:
50 tabs / $25.00 = 10 tabs / x
Cross-multiplying, we get:
50x = 10 × $25.00
50x = $250.00
Dividing both sides by 50, we find that x = $5.00.
Therefore, ten tabs of Clarithromycin 500mg would cost $5.00.
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determine the mass in grams of 0.500 mol of uranium(molar mass =238.05g)
Answer:
238,02891 grams
Explanation:
1g/mole
The mass in grams of 0.500 mol of uranium whose molar mass is 238.05 g/mol is 119.025g.
What is the relation between mass and moles?Mass of any substance will be calculated by using their moles by using the below formula as:
n = W/M, where
W = required mass = ?
M = molar mass of uranium = 238.05g/mol
n = moles of uranium = 0.5 moles
On putting values we get
W = (0.5)(238.05) = 119.025g
Hence required mass of uranium is 119.025g.
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chemical formula for iron (l) selenide
Answer:
Iron can not form iron(i) selenide however it can form iron(ii) selenide.
Explanation:
The possible oxidation states of iron are +2 and +3.
Iron can form iron (ii) selenide.
The formula of iron (ii) selenide is FeSe.
In iron (ii) selenide the oxidation state of iron is +2.
The ratio of both atoms are 1:1.
Its molecular weight is 134.82 g/mol.
It is toxic compound.
Its melting point is 965°C.
Its density is 4.72 g/cm³.
Iron can also form iron (iii) selenide.
The formula of iron (iii) selenide is Fe₂Se₃.
In iron (iii) selenide the oxidation state of iron is +3.
The ration of both atoms are 2:3.
It also known as ferric selenide.
Its molecular weight is 348.57 g/mol.
Given the balanced equation for the oxidation of ethanol, C2H5OH, by potassium dichromate:
3 C2H5OH + 2 K2Cr2O7 + 16 HCl → 3 C2H4O2 + 4 CrCl3 + 4 KCl + 11 H2O
calculate the volume of a 0.600M K2Cr2O7 solution needed to generate 0.1665 moles of C2H4O2 from a solution containing excess ethanol and HCl
need help stuck
Answer:
185.0 mL of K₂Cr₂O₇ 0.600 M solution
Explanation:
Having the equation balanced in the statement, it is calculated based on the stoichiometric ratio of it, how many moles do I need from K₂Cr₂O₇ to be able to generate 0.1665 moles of C₂H₄O₂
3 moles C₂H₄O₂ _____ 2 moles K₂Cr₂O₇
0.1665 moles C₂H₄O₂ _____ X = 0.111 moles of K₂Cr₂O₇
Calculation: 0.1665 moles x 2 moles / 3 moles = 0.111 moles of K₂Cr₂O₇
Now the volume of solution of K₂Cr₂O₇ that contains the amount of moles calculated above is calculated, as stated in the molar concentration (0.600M), it is calculated:
0.600 moles of K₂Cr₂O₇ _____ 1000 mL solution
0.111 moles of K₂Cr₂O₇ _____ X = 185.0 mL of solution
Calculation: 0.111 moles x 1000 mL / 0.600 moles = 185.0 mL of solution
Therefore, to generate 0.1665 moles of C₂H₄O₂, 185.0 mL of K₂Cr₂O₇ 0.600 M solution is needed.
2. If you had three unknowns which are starch, BaSO4, and MgO, how can you identify starch among them ?
Answer:
A chemical test for starch is to add iodine solution (yellow/brown) and look for a colour change. In the presence of starch, iodine turns a blue/black colour
Explanation:
There is a golden role of solubility, polar solute dissolve in polar solvent and non polar solute dissolve in non polar solvent. Therefore, to identify the starch solution, we need to do iodine test.
What is solution?Solutions are a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solvent and solute molecules. Solvent is a substance that is in large amount in solution. solute is the substance which is in small amount in a solution. There are two types of mixture that is homogeneous and heterogeneous. Solution is a homogeneous solution.
To know which one is starch solution amongst BaSO[tex]_4[/tex] and MgO. Add iodine solution (yellow/brown) as a chemical test for starch and watch for a color change. The color of iodine changes to a blue/black color when starch is present.
Therefore, to identify the starch solution, we need to do iodine test.
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10. What is the specific heat of an unknown substance if a 2.50 g sample releases 12 calories as its
temperature changes from 25°C to 20°C?
Answer:
c = 4016.64 j/g.°C
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of substance = 2.50 g
Calories release = 12 cal (12 ×4184 = 50208 j)
Initial temperature = 25°C
Final temperature = 20°C
Specific heat of substance = ?
Formula:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = amount of heat absorbed or released
m = mass of given substance
c = specific heat capacity of substance
ΔT = change in temperature
Solution:
Q = m.c. ΔT
ΔT = T2 - T1
ΔT = 20°C - 25°C
ΔT = -5°C
50208 j = 2.50 g . c. -5°C
50208 j = -12.5 g.°C .c
50208 j /-12.5 g.°C = c
c = 4016.64 j/g.°C
The specific heat of the substance is calculated using the formula [tex]Q = mc \Delta T[/tex], with given values of mass, heat, and temperature change. The result is a specific heat of 0.96 cal/g°C.
The specific heat is defined as the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. The formula to calculate specific heat (c) when the heat (Q) is lost or gained is:
[tex]Q = mc \Delta T[/tex]
Where Q is heat in calories, m is mass in grams, c is specific heat in cal/g°C, and [tex]\Delta T[/tex] is the temperature change in Celsius.
Using the student's data:
Mass (m) = 2.50 g
Heat (Q) = -12 cal (negative because heat is released)
Temperature change ([tex]\Delta T[/tex]) = 20°C - 25°C = -5°C
Now, solving for c:
-12 cal = (2.50 g) c(-5°C)
c = -12 cal / (2.50 g imes -5°C)
c = 0.96 cal/g°C
Therefore, the specific heat of the substance is 0.96 cal/g°C.