Calculate the approximate radius of the 31P nucleus (assume r0 = 1.3x10-15 m).

Answer:

30.63

Explanation:

v=2x/t

t=2x/v

t=2*1220.5/8.0

t=30.63//

Answer:

B.Freezes

Explanation:

273 k=0 celcius which is converted to a melting point of ice which creates freezing point of water.

So clearly what I'm trying to say is that 273 K is when things turn into freezing ice.

Answer:

Part a)

[tex]\lambda = 300 m[/tex]

Part b)

[tex]E = 2.7 N/C[/tex]

Part c)

[tex]I = 9.68 \times 10^{-3} W/m^2[/tex]

[tex]P = 3.22 \times 10^{-11} N/m^2[/tex]

Explanation:

Part a)

As we know that frequency = 1 MHz

speed of electromagnetic wave is same as speed of light

So the wavelength is given as

[tex]\lambda = \frac{c}{f}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \frac{3\times 10^8}{1\times 10^6}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = 300 m[/tex]

Part b)

As we know the relation between electric field and magnetic field

[tex]E = Bc[/tex]

[tex]E = (9 \times 10^{-9})(3\times 10^8)[/tex]

[tex]E = 2.7 N/C[/tex]

Part c)

Intensity of wave is given as

[tex]I = \frac{1}{2}\epsilon_0E^2c[/tex]

[tex]I = \frac{1}{2}(8.85 \times 10^{-12})(2.7)^2(3\times 10^8)[/tex]

[tex]I = 9.68 \times 10^{-3} W/m^2[/tex]

Pressure is defined as ratio of intensity and speed

[tex]P = \frac{I}{c} = \frac{9.68\times 10^{-3}}{3\times 10^8}[/tex]

[tex]P = 3.22 \times 10^{-11} N/m^2[/tex]

Explanation:

When a body or object falls, basically two forces act on it:  

1. The force of air friction, also called "drag force" [tex]D[/tex]:  

[tex]D={C}_{d}\frac{\rho V^{2} }{2}A[/tex]  (1)

Where:  

[tex]C_ {d}[/tex] is the drag coefficient  

[tex]\rho[/tex] is the density  of the fluid (air for example)

[tex]V[/tex] is the velocity  

[tex]A[/tex] is the transversal area of the object

So, this force is proportional to the transversal area of ​​the falling element and to the square of the velocity.  

2. Its weight due to the gravity force [tex]W[/tex]:  

[tex]W=m.g[/tex]

(2)

Where:  

[tex]m[/tex] is the mass of the object

[tex]g[/tex] is the acceleration due gravity  

So, at the moment when the drag force equals the gravity force, the object will have its terminal velocity:

[tex]D=W[/tex] (3)

[tex]{C}_{d}\frac{\rho V^{2} }{2}A=m.g[/tex]  (4)

[tex]V=\sqrt{\frac{2m.g}{\rho A{C}_{d}}}[/tex]  (5) This is the terminal velocity

As we can see, there is no "falling time" in this equation.

Therefore, the terminal velocity is not dependent on the falling time.

Answer:

The engine's efficiency is 80%.

Explanation:

Given that,

Heat [tex]Q_{in}=75000\ J[/tex]

Remove heat [tex]Q_{out}=15000\ J[/tex]

We need to calculate the engine's efficiency

The efficiency is equal to the difference Input energy and output energy and divided by the input energy.

Using formula of efficiency

[tex]\eta=\dfrac{Q_{in}-Q_{out}}{Q_{in}}[/tex]

[tex]\eta=\dfrac{75000-15000}{75000}[/tex]

[tex]\eta\times100=80\%[/tex]

Hence, The engine's efficiency is 80%.

The best way to reduce the force of friction between the box and the floor while the box is moving is 8%.

If two surfaces are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.

In static friction, the frictional force resists the force that is applied to an object, and the object remains at rest until the force of static friction is overcome. In kinetic friction, the frictional force resists the motion of an object.

Learn more about  kinetic friction at

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Answer:

100 Degrees is boiling point.

Explanation:

Answer:

peak value of magnetic field is

[tex]B_o = 2.9 \times 10^{-6} T[/tex]

peak value of electric field is

[tex]E_o = 868 N/C[/tex]

Explanation:

As we know that the intensity of electromagnetic waves is given by the formula

[tex]I = \epsilon_0 E_{rms}^2 c[/tex]

here we have

[tex]I = 1000 W/m^2[/tex]

[tex]\epsilon_0 = 8.85 \times 10^{-12}[/tex]

[tex]c = 3\times 10^8[/tex]

now we have

[tex]1000 = (8.85 \times 10^{-12})E_{rms}^2(3 \times 10^8)[/tex]

[tex]E_{rms} = 614 N/C[/tex]

now peak value of electric field is given as

[tex]E_o = \sqrt2 E_{rms}[/tex]

So the peak value of electric field is given as

[tex]E_o = 868 N/C[/tex]

Now we have relation between electric field and magnetic field as

[tex]B_o = \frac{E_o}{c}[/tex]

[tex]B_o = \frac{868}{3\times 10^8}[/tex]

[tex]B_o = 2.9 \times 10^{-6} T[/tex]

Answer:

1.25 v

Explanation:

m₁ = mass of first car = m

m₂ = mass of the second car = (0.517) m₁ = (0.517) m

v₁ = initial velocity of first car before collision = v

v'₁ = final velocity of first car after collision = (0.353) v₁ = (0.353) v

v₂ = initial velocity of second car before collision = 0

v'₂ = final velocity of second car after collision = ?

Using conservation of momentum

m₁ v₁ + m₂ v₂ = m₁ v'₁ + m₂ v'₂

(m)(v) + ((0.517) m)(0) = (m)((0.353) v) + ((0.517) m) v'₂

v = (0.353) v + (0.517) v'₂

(0.517) v'₂ = v - (0.353) v

(0.517) v'₂ = (0.647) v

v'₂ = 1.25 v

Answer:

G1

Explanation:

Some specialized cells such as red blood cells, neurons lose their ability to replicate in the G1 phase of cell cycle. G1 phase is indeed the terminal phase of the cell division as now cell do not divide any more. These cells do not have the necessary nucleus for further cellular replication in the G1 phase. They become mature need not divide anymore.

The terminal phase for specialized cells such as neurons and red blood cells that lose their ability to replicate upon maturity is the G0 phase. In this phase, these cells exit the cell cycle and cease active preparation for division. They continue to perform their functions despite the cessation of division.

The terminal phase for these specialized cells such as neurons and red blood cells, which lose their ability to replicate when they mature, is usually referred to as the G0 phase, also known as the resting or quiescent phase. This is as the cell cycle consists of the interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases) and the mitotic (M) phase. After the M phase, cells usually enter the G1 phase of interphase. However, some cells exit the cycle and enter the G0 phase, in which they are not actively preparing to divide.

For non-dividing cells like neurons and red blood cells, they stay in G0 permanently. This means they stop dividing but continue to perform their functions. Such cells have lost the capacity for cell division either temporarily or permanently. This mechanism helps prevent unregulated cell division which can lead to cancers.

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Answer:

The correct answer is d volcanoes

Explanation:

Geothermal energy is a renewable energy that is obtained by harnessing heat from inside the earth that is transmitted through hot rock bodies or reservoirs by conduction and convection, where processes of interaction of groundwater and rocks occur. , giving rise to geothermal systems.

The geothermal energy of volcanoes allows to generate up to ten times more energy than an oil well. And it is an energy, more than renewable, eternal. In short, its characteristics are ideal for a greener future.

In Iceland, geothermal plants have already been put into operation, with an installed capacity of 665 MW, and are giving very good results

Iceland and New Zealand make extensive use of geothermal energy due to the numerous volcanoes in both countries. The heat originating from these volcanoes is harnessed to generate electricity. Their positions on or near the 'Ring of Fire' contribute to their high levels of volcanic activity.

Geothermal energy is used extensively in Iceland and New Zealand because both of these countries host multiple d. volcanoes. Volcanoes are locations where lava, which carries heat from within the Earth, rises to the surface. This heat can be harnessed to produce geothermal energy, which is transformed into electrical energy at geothermal energy plants, such as those found in Iceland and New Zealand.

Both countries are situated on or near the 'Ring of Fire', a belt of frequent volcanic and seismic activity that encircles the Pacific Ocean. This location contributes to their high volcanic activity. It's worth noting that the heat from volcanoes can serve as a source of renewable energy. For instance, the mantle 'hot spot' under the Hawaiian Islands has supplied the heat to maintain active volcanoes for at least 100 million years.

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Answer:

W = 627.2 J

Explanation:

Given:

[tex]\rho_{chain}[/tex] = 2kg/m

length of chain = 12 m

length pulled will be = 8 m

We know

Work done (W) = mgh

where

m = mass of the object

g= acceleration due to gravity

h = displacement

For a small length dy of the chain, the work done can be written as:

dW  = (mass of the small length pulled)× g×dy

dW = 2kg/m ×dy×9.8×y

where, y is the distance from the ground level of the end of chain

integerating the above equation

W = [tex]\int\limits^8_0 {19.6y} \, dx[/tex]

W =[tex][19.6\frac{y^2}{2}]_{0}^{8}[/tex]

W = 627.2 J

Answer:

ZERO

Explanation:

As we know that force due to magnetic field on moving charge is given by

[tex]\vec F = q(\vec v \times \vec B)[/tex]

now here we can say that the force due to magnetic field is always perpendicular to the velocity and it is also perpendicular to the magnetic field.

So we can say that

[tex]\vec F. \vec v = 0[/tex]

so power due to magnetic field is always zero

which shows that rate of work done by magnetic field on moving charge is zero

so here the work done by magnetic field is always zero

Answer: A. Hot air balloon

Explanation: A hot air balloon is the heaviest, at around 800 pounds, because it carries lots of gas and is very large.

Answer:

a) Travel time = 60.56 s

b) Maximum speed = 36.33 m/s

Explanation:

a)  Distance = 1.1 km = 1100 m

 A subway train accelerates at +1.2 m/s² from rest  through the first half of the distance and decelerates at −1.2 m/s² through the second half.

 So half the distance is traveled at an acceleration of +1.2 m/s².

 We have equation of motion [tex]s=ut+\frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

 Substituting

         [tex]\frac{1100}{2}=0\times t+\frac{1}{2}\times 1.2t^2\\\\t=30.28s[/tex]

 Travel time = 2 x 30.28 = 60.56 s

b) We have equation of motion v = u+at

   Substituting t = 30.28 s and a = 1.2 m/s²

   v = 0 + 1.2 x 30.28 = 36.33 m/s

   Maximum speed = 36.33 m/s

c) Photos of graphs are given

Answer:

a) ttotal=60.58 s

b) v^2=36.3 m/s

c) the attached photo shows the graphics.

Explanation:

a) we have the following:

S1=1.1x10^-3/2=550 m

a=1.2 m/s

we have the following formula:

v^2=u^2+2as

replacing values:

v^2=0+(2*1.2*550)=36.33 m/s

The time is equal to:

t1=v/a=36.33/1.2=30.3 s

we have the following:

u=36.33 m/s

v=0

S=550 m/s

using the following expression:

v=u+at2

clearing t2:

t2=(v-u)/a=(0-36.33)/-1.2=30.28 s

ttotal=t1+t2=30.3+30.28=60.58 s

b) the mass speed is equal to:

v^2=u^2+2as=36.3 m/s

The induced current in a loop inside a sinusoidally-driven solenoid can be determined from Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The time derivative of the changing flux through the loop, when divided by the resistance of the loop, provides the value of the induced current.

The question asks about the current induced in a loop placed inside a solenoid driven by an alternating current. This is a physics problem related to electromagnetic induction. The alternating magnetic field in the solenoid induces an electric field that in turn induces a current in the loop, by Faraday's Law.

In this case, the magnetic field B inside the solenoid is oscillating sinusoidally with time as B(t) = B cos(ωt). Thus, the magnetic flux Φ through the loop is changing with time. Using Faraday's law, this flux change induces an emf in the loop, which induces a current I. The emf -dΦ/dt is equal to I*R where R is the resistance of the loop. Hence the induced current I as a function of time can be given by I = -(1/R) * (d/dt) (B cos(ωt) * π * (a/2)^2).

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At the frequency of 5 MHz, the period of the oscillations is 1/5meg. That's a period of 1/5 microsecond.

There are 5 full cycles in one full microsecond, and there are 2.5 full cycles in a 0.5 us pulse.

You'll have to decide for yourself how damped a pulse of 2.5 cycles is, because the parameters of the definition are corrupted in the question.

Answer:

Velocity of golf ball≅ 12.87mph    

Explanation:

Using the theory of conservative momentum to both the club head and the golf ball  we have;

Qi1 + Qi2= Qf1 + Qf2

Qi1: initial momentum for the club head

Qf1: final momentum for the club head

Qi2: initial momentum for the golf ball

Qf2: final momentum for the golf ball

momentum (Q) = Mass x velocity

which means the sum of the momentums of both club head and golf ball has to be the same before and after they have collided.

using the Coeficient of restitution e= 0.83 allows us to know what kind of collision we are dealing with, which is a partially elastic collision since

0> e=0.83 >1.

Qi1= 190 x 94= 17,860 mph.g

Qf1= 190 x Vf1

Qi2= 46 x 0= 0 mph.g

Qf2= 46x Vf2

Using the value of e to determine Vf2 as the final velocity of the golf ball:

e= [tex]\frac{Vf2- Vf1}{Vi1 - Vi2}[/tex]

0.83= [tex]\frac{Vf2 - Vf1}{94 - 0}[/tex]

Vf1= (0.83 x 94)+ Vf2

Vf1= 78.02 + Vf2

Qi1 + Qi2= Qf1 + Qf2

17,860 + 0 = 190xVf1 + 46xVf2    

17,860= 190x (78.02+Vf2) + 46xVf2

17,860= 14,823+ 190xVf2+46xVf2

Vf2≅ 12.87mph                

Answer:

Part a)

[tex]T = 425.6 K[/tex]

Part b)

[tex]KE_{avg} = 8.81\times 10^{-21} J[/tex]

Part c)

in order to find the average speed we need to know about the the gas molar mass or we need to know which gas it is.

Explanation:

Part a)

As per ideal gas equation we know that

[tex]PV = nRT[/tex]

here we know that

[tex]P = 1.60 \times 10^6 Pa[/tex]

n = 3.80 moles

[tex]V = 8.40 L = 8.40 \times 10^{-3} m^3[/tex]

now from above equation we have

[tex]T = \frac{PV}{nR}[/tex]

[tex]T = \frac{(1.60 \times 10^6)(8.40 \times 10^{-3})}{(8.31)(3.80)}[/tex]

[tex]T = 425.6 K[/tex]

Part b)

Average kinetic energy of the gas is given as

[tex]KE_{avg} = \frac{3}{2}KT[/tex]

here we know that

[tex]K = 1.38 \times 10^{-23}[/tex]

T = 425.6 K

now we have

[tex]KE_{avg} = \frac{3}{2}(1.38 \times 10^{-23})(425.6)[/tex]

[tex]KE_{avg} = 8.81\times 10^{-21} J[/tex]

Part c)

in order to find the average speed we need to know about the the gas molar mass or we need to know which gas it is.

Answer:

B = 12.46 T

Explanation:

At n = 1 state we know that radius is given as

[tex]R = 5.29 \times 10^{-11} m[/tex]

now we have

[tex]T = \frac{2\pi R}{v}[/tex]

here we know that speed is given in that

[tex]v = 2.18 \times 10^6 m/s[/tex]

now the time period is given as

[tex]T = \frac{2\pi R}{v}[/tex]

[tex]T = \frac{2\pi (5.29 \times 10^{-11})}{2.18 \times 10^6}[/tex]

[tex]T = 1.52 \times 10^{-16} s[/tex]

Now the electric current due to revolution of charge is given by

[tex]i = \frac{e}{T}[/tex]

[tex]i = \frac{1.6 \times 10^{-19}}{1.52 \times 10^{-16}}[/tex]

[tex]i = 1.05 \times 10^{-3} A[/tex]

now magnetic field at the center position is given as

[tex]B = \frac{\mu_0 i}{2R}[/tex]

[tex]B = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} (1.05 \times 10^{-3})}{2(5.29 \times 10^{-11}}[/tex]

[tex]B = 12.46 T[/tex]

Answer:

0.3659

Explanation:

The power (p) is given as:

P = AeσT⁴

where,

A =Area

e = transmittivity

σ = Stefan-boltzmann constant

T = Temperature

since both the bulbs radiate same power

P₁ = P₂

Where, 1 denotes the bulb 1

2 denotes the bulb 2

thus,

A₁e₁σT₁⁴ = A₂e₂σT₂⁴

Now e₁=e₂

⇒A₁T₁⁴ = A₂T₂⁴

or

[tex]\frac{A_1}{A_2} =\frac{T_{2}^{4}}{T_{1}^{4}}[/tex]

substituting the values in the above question we get

[tex]\frac{A_1}{A_2} =\frac{2100_{2}^{4}}{2700_{1}^{4}}[/tex]

or

[tex]\frac{A_1}{A_2} }[/tex]=0.3659

Explanation:

Light is clearly affected by gravity, just think about a black hole, but light supposedly has no mass and gravity only affects objects with mass. On the other hand, if light does have mass then doesn't mass become infinitely larger the closer to the speed of light an object travels.

Answer:

When the separation between the capacitor plates is increased to 2d, and if the battery is disconnected, the charge between the condenser plates does not change, it is the same, and this is represented by the following expression: Q'= Q

Explanation:

Final answer:

The charge (Q) on a capacitor remains constant when its plates are pulled apart after being disconnected from a circuit, even though the capacitance decreases due to the increased separation.

Explanation:

When a capacitor is charged and then disconnected from any circuit, the charge Q on the capacitor's plates remains constant despite changes in plate separation or other geometrical modifications. This is because, once disconnected, there are no paths available for the charge to leave or enter the capacitor. Therefore, when the plates of a charged capacitor are pulled apart to increase the separation from d to 2d, the charge Q does not change. The process of separating the plates requires work to be done against the attractive force between the charges on the capacitor plates. Capacitance (C), which is defined as C = Q/V, where V is the potential difference, will decrease because the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is inversely proportional to the separation between the plates (d), according to the formula C = ε0A/d, where ε0 is the permittivity of free space and A is the plate area.

(a) [tex]50.4 N\cdot m[/tex]

The torque exerted on the solid disk is given by

[tex]\tau=Frsin \theta[/tex]

where

F is the magnitude of the force

r is the radius of the disk

[tex]\theta[/tex] is the angle between F and r

Here we have

F = 180 N

r = 0.280 m

[tex]\theta=90^{\circ}[/tex] (because the force is applied tangentially to the disk)

So the torque is

[tex]\tau = (180 N)(0.280 m)(sin 90^{\circ})=50.4 N\cdot m[/tex]

(b) [tex]17.2 rad/s^2[/tex]

First of all, we need to calculate the moment of inertia of the disk, which is given by

[tex]I=\frac{1}{2}mr^2[/tex]

where

m = 75.0 kg is the mass of the disk

r = 0.280 m is the radius

Substituting,

[tex]I=\frac{1}{2}(75.0)(0.280)^2=2.94 kg m^2[/tex]

And the angular acceleration can be found by using the equivalent of Newtons' second law for rotational motions:

[tex]\tau = I \alpha[/tex]

where

[tex]\tau = 50.4 N \cdot m[/tex] is the torque exerted

I is the moment of inertia

[tex]\alpha[/tex] is the angular acceleration

Solving for [tex]\alpha[/tex], we find:

[tex]\alpha = \frac{\tau}{I}=\frac{50.4 N \cdot m}{2.94 kg m^2}=17.2 rad/s^2[/tex]

Answer:

Speration between the slits [tex]d=2.86\ \mu m[/tex]

Explanation:

Given that,

Wavelength of light, [tex]\lambda=612\ nm=612\times 10^{-9}\ m[/tex]

It is incident on a double slit produces a second-order maximum at an angle of 25 degree.

The condition for maxima is given as :

[tex]dsin\theta=m\lambda[/tex]

d = seperation between the slits

m = order, m = 2

[tex]d=\dfrac{m\lambda}{sin\theta}[/tex]

[tex]d=\dfrac{2\times 612\times 10^{-9}\ m}{sin(25)}[/tex]

d = 0.00000289

or

[tex]d=2.86\mu m[/tex]

So, the seperation between the silts is [tex]2.86\ \mu m[/tex]. Hence, this is the required solution.

Answer:

Density (φ) = 0,8827 Kg/L

Specific weight (Ws) = 8,65 N/L

Specific gravity (Gs) = 0,8827 (without unit)

Explanation:

The density formula: φ = [tex]\frac{m}{V}[/tex]

I know the mass "m", I need to find out the volume of the cylinder (V)

V = π* r²*h

The radius "r" is equal to half the diameter (150mm) = 75mm

Now I can find out the density (φ)

φ = [tex]\frac{1,56Kg}{1,767145L}[/tex] = 0,8827 Kg/L

The specific weight (Ws) is the relationship between the weight of substance (oil) and its volume. We apply the following formula:

Ws = φ*g

(g = gravity = 9,8 m/s²)

Finally, specific gravity (Gs) is the ratio between the density of a substance (oil) "φ(o)" and the density of water "φ(w)" :

Gs = φ(o) /  φ(w)

(φ(w) = 1 Kg/L

Hope this can help you !!

Answer:

[tex]T = 1.26 \times 10^8 K[/tex]

Explanation:

As we know that rms speed of ideal gas is given by the formula

[tex]v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}[/tex]

here we know that

[tex]v_{rms} = 2.67 \times 10^5 m/s[/tex]

molecular mass of gas is given as

[tex]M = 44 g/mol = 0.044 kg/mol[/tex]

now from above formula we have

[tex]2.67\times 10^5 = \sqrt{\frac{3(8.31)T}{0.044}}[/tex]

now we have

[tex]T = 1.26 \times 10^8 K[/tex]

The root mean square speed of a molecule in an ideal gas can be used to determine the temperature of the gas when vrms is known. This involves solving the formula for temperature using the given vrms and mass of a molecule. We need to ensure that the molar mass is properly converted to the mass of a molecule and that we use SI units.

The subject question is related to the concept of root mean square speed (vrms) in gas physics and involves calculations using the ideal gas model. According to this concept, we know that vrms is given by the equation vrms = sqrt(3kB T / m), where:

Given that vrms = 2.67 x 105 m/s and molar mass (M) = 44.0 g/mol (which must be converted to kg as SI units are used in this context), we can solve the formula for T to find the temperature T = vrms^2×m / (3×kB) after substituting the known values into this equation. Note that one must convert the molar mass to mass of a molecule by dividing it by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³ mol⁻¹).

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To find the mass needed to produce equilibrium, we perform a torque balance about the pivot point. This involves adding up the torques on each side of the pivot point and setting them equal to each other, then solving for the unknown mass at 10 cm.

In this question, we are dealing with torque and equilibrium. For a system to be in equilibrium, the sum of the torques about any pivot point must be zero. Given a 0.5-kg uniform meter stick suspended by a single string at the 30-cm mark, with a 0.2-kg mass hanging at the 80-cm mark, we want to find the mass that should be hung at the 10-cm mark to ensure equilibrium.

To find this, we set up the following equation for the torques about the pivot point (the 30-cm mark):

Torque_due_to_0.5kg_rod + Torque_due_to_hanging_mass_at_10_cm = Torque_due_to_0.2kg_mass_at_80cm

Each torque can be calculated as the product of the force (which is the weight, or mass times gravity) and the distance from the pivot. After plugging in the given values and solving for the unknown mass at 10 cm, you will find the mass that should be hung at the 10 cm mark to produce equilibrium.

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Hey there!:

subject 1

Mechanical work =mgh

= 130 *9.8 *4.4

= 5605.6 J

Mechanical power =Work/time

= 5605.6 / 3.4

= 1648.706 W

Subject 2

Mechanical work =mgh

= 75 * 9.8 * 4.4

= 3234 J

Mechanical power =Work/time

= 3234/2.8

= 1155 W

Athlete 1 is more powerful in absolute sense

relative to mass

athlete 1 power =12.68 W/kg

athlete 2 power =15.4 W/kg

thus athlete 2 is more power in relative to mass power  .

metabolic energy spent by athlete 1 :

= (5605.6 / 0.25)*0.000239 kCal

= 5.359 kCal

metabolic energy spent by athlete 2=(3234/0.25)*0.000239 kCal

= 3.092 kCal

Hope this helps!

Final answer:

To calculate gauge pressure in a tapered water pipe, apply Bernoulli's equation considering changes in radius, height, and flow rate.

Explanation:

The gauge pressure at a point in a tapered water pipe can be calculated using Bernoulli's equation. Given the information provided, we can determine the pressure difference between two points in the pipe based on the change in radius and height along the pipe.

In this scenario, the gauge pressure at a point 2.65 m downstream from the upper end can be calculated by considering the change in radius and height along the pipe as well as the flow rate of water through the pipe.

Understanding fluid dynamics and applying relevant equations helps determine the pressure variation in tapered pipes based on given parameters.