Down syndrome
A genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays.
Cystic fibrosis
An inherited life-threatening disorder that damages the lungs and digestive system.
Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome those are the one I know
Which body of water is home to the ENSO cycle?
A. North Atlantic Ocean
B. Indian Ocean
C. Caribbean
D. Mediterranean
E. equatorial Pacific Ocean
The answer to your question is,
E. Equatorial Pacific Ocean
-Mabel <3
I'm pretty sure the answer is E. equatorial Pacific Ocean.
Which of the following is a negative effect of algal blooms on the environment
Final answer:
Algal blooms can result in dead zones due to oxygen consumption by bacteria, and the production of toxins by certain algae can cause health risks and economic losses. Responsible use of fertilizers and wetland restoration are essential measures to prevent harmful effects on the environment.
Explanation:
Negative Effects of Algal Blooms on the Environment
One negative effect of algal blooms on the environment is the creation of dead zones in aquatic ecosystems. As an algal bloom occurs and the algae subsequently die, they provide a significant amount of organic matter to deep-water bacteria, resulting in a surge of bacterial population growth. These bacteria consume large amounts of oxygen, leading to regions where animal life can scarcely survive due to oxygen depletion. This process is detrimental to aquatic life and disrupts the natural balance of the ecosystem.
Another harmful impact of algal blooms is the production of toxins by certain species of algae such as Karenia brevis, which causes red tides, and cyanobacteria. These toxins can be fatal to fish and accumulate in shellfish, posing health risks to humans who consume them and causing economic losses due to the closure of affected fisheries. In addition, the presence of cyanobacterial toxins like microcystins can lead to allergic reactions and liver damage when ingested in contaminated water.
In conclusion, although fertilizers provide benefits for crops and are not easily banned for political and economic reasons, the resultant algal blooms necessitate responsible fertilizer use, regulation, and efforts like wetland restoration to mitigate the excess nutrients entering aquatic systems.
Which biomolecule does not have a carbon-nitrogen bond? peptide protein carbohydrate nucleic acid
Carbohydrates do not have a carbon nitrogen-bond because nitrogen is not found in this protein. So the answer is C) carbohydrate. I hope this helps.
Carbohydrates lack carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bonds, while peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids have C-N bonds in their structures.
Which biomolecule does not have a carbon-nitrogen bond?Out of the biomolecules mentioned, carbohydrates do not have a carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond. Carbohydrates are organic compounds primarily composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. They do not contain nitrogen (N) atoms in their structure. On the other hand, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids all contain C-N bonds as part of their molecular structure.
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Which of the following best describes REM sleep?
Sleep in which the brain becomes more active but muscle activity is blocked.
Explanation:The brain cycles through five distinct phases during sleep: stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. REM sleep makes up about 25% of your sleep cycle and first occurs about 70 to 90 minutes after you fall asleep. Because your sleep cycle repeats, you enter REM sleep several times during the night.
During REM sleep, your brain and body are energized and dreaming occurs.REM is thought to be involved in the process of storing memories, learning, and balancing your mood.REM sleep begins in response to signals sent to and from different regions of the brain. Signals are sent to the brain's cerebral cortex, which is responsible for learning, thinking, and organizing information.When a single cell of E. coli reproduces, it first duplicates its DNA. Next, the cell elongates as each copy of DNA is pulled toward opposite ends of the cell. The membrane then pinches inward, dividing the cytoplasm into two halves and producing two daughter cells. What is true about these daughter cells?
A.
They are genetically different from the parent because they are produced by sexual reproduction.
B.
They are genetically identical to the parent because they are produced by sexual reproduction.
C.
They are genetically identical to the parent because they are produced by asexual reproduction.
D.
They are genetically different from the parent because they are produced by asexual reproduction.
Reset Next
Answer:
The correct answer would be option C.
E. coli reproduces asexually by the process of binary fission. In this process, single parent cell divides to give rise to two identical daughter cells.
As it is asexual reproduction the daughter cells contain genetic material identical to that of parent cell.
In addition, only single parent cell contributes the entire genetic material of the daughter cells.
Sodium Hydroxide + Copper Sulfate
1.Observations Before Interaction
2.Observations After Interaction
3.Was Mass Conserved?
4.Proof of a Chemical Reaction
Reaction for observation: Sodium Hydroxide + Copper Sulfate
Full reaction:
2NaOH + CuSO4 --> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Part 1.Observations Before Interaction:
Sodium hydroxide is a turbid solution and copper sulfate is in form of bright blue crystals.
Part 2:Observations After Interaction:
When their solutions are mixed with each other, a pale blue precipitate of basic copper hydroxide & a solution of neutral salt sodium sulphate will be formed.
Part 3:Was Mass Conserved?
Yes, mass was conserved.
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that "mass cannot be created or destroyed, but changed into different forms".
Hence mass was conserved.
Part 4..Proof of a Chemical ReactionThe proof of the reaction is the appearance of pale blue precipitates of of basic copper hydroxide & a solution of neutral salt sodium sulphate.
Final answer:
When sodium hydroxide is mixed with copper sulfate, a light blue precipitate of copper hydroxide is formed, and sodium sulfate remains in solution, demonstrating signs of a chemical reaction while conserving mass.
Explanation:
When sodium hydroxide reacts with copper sulfate, there are a couple of observations and principles one should expect:
Observations Before Interaction: Sodium hydroxide is a colorless solution and copper sulfate solution is typically blue.
Observations After Interaction: After mixing, the solution may form a precipitate of copper hydroxide, which is light blue, and sodium sulfate remains in solution.
Was Mass Conserved? Yes, according to the law of conservation of mass, mass is conserved in a chemical reaction. The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.
Proof of a Chemical Reaction: Evidence of a chemical reaction includes color change, formation of a precipitate, temperature change, or emission of gas.
The chemical equation for the reaction is: 2 NaOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + Na2SO4(aq). This provides a balanced representation of the reactants transforming into products.
can white light be dispersed into visible light based on each colors wavelength
Answer:
The bending of the colors when they pass through the prism depends on its wavelength. So violet color has a shortest wavelength as a result it bends the most and followed by indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red respectively.
The splitting of light into its component colors is called dispersion of light. Dispersion of white light can be done by a glass prism. The inclined refracting surface of a glass prism shows this phenomena.
When a prism is placed in a room and a beam of white light is allowed to fall on one of its refracting faces.It is found that light coming out from the other face of the prism is split into seven colors (violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red).
Hemophilia is a sex-linked disorder in which a person’s blood clots very slowly or not at all. Why are males more likely to inherit hemophilia than females?
Hemophilia is the result of a defective X chromosome. males have XY chromosomes; females have XX chromosomes. If a man has a defective X chromosome, he has no normal X chromosome to balance it out. Therefore, he is more likely to present hemophilia. However, a hemophiliac man's male children will all be healthy, assuming his partner is not a hemophiliac, because the defective X chromosome was not passed on. All his daughters will be carriers, though, regardless of whether their mother is a hemophiliac.
Answer:
Males inherit only one X chromosome, which is from the mother.
Explanation:
Rough-skinned newts and common garter snakes are in an "evolutionary arms race." In this phenomenon, two species continually evolve adaptations against one another to increase their own chance of survival. Rough-skinned newts produce tetrodotoxin, a type of poison, as a defense mechanism. Most common garter snakes have some resistance to the toxin. In areas where common garter snakes and rough-skinned newts coexist, rough-skinned newts express very high levels of tetrodotoxin, and common garter snakes have evolved a very high degree of resistance to tetrodotoxin. Based on this information, what is the most likely relationship between common garter snakes and rough-skinned newts?
A.
obligate parasitism
B.
predator and prey
C.
facultative mutualism
D.
commensalism
I got it correct!!!!!!!
B. Predator and prey
Answer:
The correct answer would be B. predator and prey.
Predator and prey is a type of natural relationship in which one organism kills and consume the other organism.
For example, a lion is a predator which kills and consume deer (prey).
During the course of evolution, prey evolves various adaptations to overcome predation and increases its survival rate.
In addition, a predator also evolves to increase its success rate in predation.
Similarly, rough-skinned newts (prey) evolve to produce poison as a defense mechanism and greater snakes (predator) evolve resistance against that poison to increase its survival rates.
Which process stops when a ribosome reaches a stop codon? transcription splicing replication translation
I beleive its Translation
Answer:
The correct answer will be translation.
Explanation:
Ribosomes are cell organelles present either in cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum in protoplasm of a cell.
They are involved in the process of translation or the synthesis of protein by translating the coded information of mRNA into amino acids to form proteins. So, they are also known as translators of cell.
Protein synthesis starts during the initiation phase of translation after reading start codon (AUG). Translation terminates when ribosome reaches any of the stop codons that is UGA, UAA, and UAG at 3'-end the synthesized polypeptide will dissociate from the ribosome.
Thus, translation will be the correct answer.
A woman who has sickle cell anemia passes this disease on to her offspring. This means that the mutation for sickle cell anemia MUST occur in the woman’s
Answer:
The answer is A, gametes.
Explanation:
The mutation for sickle cell anemia must occur in a woman's germ cells, specifically her eggs (ova), to be passed on to her offspring. It is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning a child must inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, to have the disease.
The question concerns the inheritance of sickle cell anemia, which is a genetic disorder. Since a woman with sickle cell anemia can pass this disease to her offspring, it indicates that the mutation for sickle cell anemia must occur in her germ cells, specifically her eggs (ova). Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation at a specific point in the hemoglobin gene. This gene is located on chromosome 11, which is one of the autosomal chromosomes, meaning it is not a sex chromosome.
In genetics, when we say that a trait or disorder, such as sickle cell anemia, is inherited, it typically means that it is passed down through the gametes, which are the sperm cells in men and the egg cells in women. For a person with sickle cell anemia (which is an autosomal recessive condition), they must have two copies of the mutated gene, one inherited from each parent. If a mother has the disease, she has two copies of the mutation and every egg cell she produces will carry one copy of the mutated gene. When that egg is fertilized by a sperm, the resulting offspring will inherit one copy of the mutated gene from the mother. If the father also provides a gene with the mutation (or a healthy gene in the case of sickle cell trait), the child could develop sickle cell anemia (with two mutations) or be a carrier with sickle cell trait (with one mutation).
assuming that other factors are equal how are the birthrate and death rate related in a stable population
If they were different not only will we be overpopulated but everyone would be going crazy. Sorry, just trying to put it as simple as possible.
Order the steps of the urine formation process
1. Filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Secretion
Kidneys filter blood and expel waste through urine. Urine formation involves glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
What is urine formation?Urine is waste. Mostly water and urea. The body removes urea, a nitrogenous waste product. Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion form urine in the kidney.
Filtration. Kidneys filter blood. Arteries feed the kidney's glomerulus. Bowman's Capsule contains the kidney's glomerulus. Filtration. High-pressure blood forces substances through small capillaries. Walls strain. Filtration.
Filtrate—water, sugar, salts, amino acids, nitrogenous wastes, and other microscopic things—enters the kidney. Cells and large blood proteins stay in arteries. Pre-urinary kidney filtrate.
Reabsorption: Filtrate enters proximal tubule. This kidney filters many chemicals. These are absorbed.
Glucose, salts, vitamins, hormones, and amino acids are restored. The filtrate may retain excess sugar or salt from the body. Because glucose cannot be reabsorbed, high-blood-glucose diabetics may pee glucose. Pre-urine is reabsorbed.
Secretion. The Loop of Henle exchanges water and salt. The distal tubule releases it following the Loop of Henle.
Excretion must be accelerated sometimes. Toxins always leave rapidly. No filtering or absorption. The blood artery secretes them into the distal tubule's almost-formed urine.
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BRAINLIEST!!! 100PTS PLEASE HELP!! Create 3 questions about the cause-and-effect relationship between the genetic code and gene expression, mechanisms of gene regulation, and/or the role of DNA segments that do not code for proteins.
Key points:
Bacterial genes are often found in operons. Genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter.
Each operon contains regulatory DNA sequences, which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription.
Regulatory proteins often bind to small molecules, which can make the protein active or inactive by changing its ability to bind DNA.
Some operons are inducible, meaning that they can be turned on by the presence of a particular small molecule. Others are repressible, meaning that they are on by default but can be turned off by a small molecule.
Introduction
We tend to think of bacteria as simple. But even the simplest bacterium has a complex task when it comes to gene regulation! The bacteria in your gut or between your teeth have genomes that contain thousands of different genes. Most of these genes encode proteins, each with its own role in a process such as fuel metabolism, maintenance of cell structure, and defense against viruses.
Some of these proteins are needed routinely, while others are needed only under certain circumstances. Thus, cells don't express all the genes in their genome all the time. You can think of the genome as being like a cookbook with many different recipes in it. The cell will only use the recipes (express the genes) that fit its current needs.
How is gene expression regulated?
There are various forms of gene regulation, that is, mechanisms for controlling which genes get expressed and at what levels. However, a lot of gene regulation occurs at the level of transcription.
Bacteria have specific regulatory molecules that control whether a particular gene will be transcribed into mRNA. Often, these molecules act by binding to DNA near the gene and helping or blocking the transcription enzyme, RNA polymerase. Let's take a closer look at how genes are regulated in bacteria.
In bacteria, genes are often found in operons
In bacteria, related genes are often found in a cluster on the chromosome, where they are transcribed from one promoter (RNA polymerase binding site) as a single unit. Such a cluster of genes under control of a single promoter is known as an operon. Operons are common in bacteria, but they are rare in eukaryotes such as humans.
Answer:
1) How is DNA compacted to form a chromosome?
2) How do cells undergo differentiation to form the numerous types of cells in the body?
3) What are some functions for non-coding DNA [e.g. Centromere, telomere, promoter, terminator, silencer, enhancer, introns (alternative splicing)]
Explanation:
1) Involves packing of DNA that involves DNA associating with H1, H2a, H2b, H3, H4 histone, scaffolding proteins, and link genes)
2) Since all somatic cells are genetically identical, differentiation involves silencing certain genes through different chemical signals that the stem cell's environment is in, resulting in certain genes related to its function being expressed while other genes are silenced.
3) Non-coding sequences although the bulk of DNA has numerous important roles. ( Centromere allow for association of kinetochore proteins to form kinetochore that acts as a site of attachment for microfibrils during mitosis or meiosis) (telomere acts as sacrificial DNA that prevents erosion of Coding DNA during every round of semi-conservative DNA replication)...
Explanation:
IM A DIFFERENT BREEED!
When two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize (form a covalent bond between them), what happens to the DNA?
The DNA of every higher organism consists of two strands which are joined together through bonding between nitrogenous bases. We know well that the base of one strand forms hydrogen bond between the base of the other strand to hold the DNA intact. Thymine always pairs with Adenine and Guanine always pairs with Cytosine, this way an intact and normal DNA structure is formed.
However, sometimes the Ultra violet (UV) rays cause serious damage to DNA. When UV rays are absorbed by DNA, where the bases are thymine or cytosine they add energy at that point. This energy causes the formation of covalent bond between adjacent cytosine- cytosine or thymine-thymine bases of same DNA strand (Please see attached figure). This abnormal process is called the formation of Pyrimidine dimers.
What harm they can incur to us?
Our body cells have excellent DNA proofreading mechanisms that correct the errors in DNA. But sometimes when DNA has to replicate, the dimers don’t let the DNA polymerase enzyme to correctly read DNA strand because there are abnormal structures. The enzyme incorporates wrong base, at the position of dimers for example if C-C dimer is present, adenine instead of guanine will be added at that position. This causes the presence of incorrect base in newly synthesized DNA.
This process leads to mutation in the cells which is very common cause of increased risk of cancers nowadays.
Adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerizing (forming a covalent bond) results in distortions in the normal double helix structure of DNA and can disrupt the processes of replication and transcription. This situation can lead to the induction of mutations. A common example is when ultraviolet light induces the bonding of two adjacent thymines.
Explanation:When two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize, a situation like thymine dimer can occur, a covalent linkage forms between two adjacent thymine bases on exposure to ultraviolet radiation. This type of dimer formation results in abnormal covalent bonds within the DNA strand and can produce distortions or kinks in the normal double helix structure of DNA, which in turn can interfere with normal DNA processes including replication and transcription.
While normal DNA structure largely depends on relatively weak hydrogen bonds that connect diverse base pairs (adenine with thymine, and cytocine with guanine), dimerization of two adjacent bases creates a strong covalent bond changing the DNA strand's behavior, interfering with its usual operation and causing possible mutations. An example of this strong dimerization is when ultraviolet light induces dimer formation between two adjacent pyrimidine bases, commonly two thymines, within a nucleotide strand leading potentially to frameshift or point mutations.
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A U.S. law that protects
biodiversity → Endangered Species Act (ESA)
True
False
The diagram shows some of the steps in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. The arrows represent the transfer of energy. Label each arrow with the type of energy being transferred.
The arrows in the diagram represent the transfer of energy in an ecosystem. Energy enters the ecosystem through photosynthesis and flows from plants to herbivores to carnivores. The arrows can be labeled with the type of energy being transferred.
Explanation:The diagram shows some of the steps in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. The arrows represent the transfer of energy. To label each arrow with the type of energy being transferred, we need to understand the flow of energy in an ecosystem. Energy enters the ecosystem through photosynthesis, which converts sunlight into chemical energy in plants. This energy is then passed from producers (plants) to herbivores (animals that eat plants) and then to carnivores (animals that eat other animals).
For example, the arrow from the sun to the plant represents the transfer of solar energy through photosynthesis. The arrow from the plant to the herbivore represents the transfer of chemical energy from the plant to the herbivore. And the arrow from the herbivore to the carnivore represents the transfer of chemical energy from the herbivore to the carnivore.
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Why is water considered to be a complex compound?
A.
it is a clear liquid
B.
it can be boiled
C.
it can freeze
D.
it can exist in three different states of matter simultaneously
Answer:its (D) goodluck
Explanation:its d because all the other answer choices about water is true
Dr. Phil believed that he could grow bigger fish in his pond if he played music to them. Dr. Phil set up some speakers and played rock music 24 hours a day for six months. Dr. Phil's observations and data are compiled in the data table. Based on his data, what can Dr. Phil conclude about the relationship between music and the mass of the fish in his pond?
Answer:
C, There was no relationship between music and mass.
Explanation:
There was some change in fish mass, but there is no evidence that it was related to the music.
The conclusion about the relationship between music and the mass of the fish in Dr. Phil's pond can only be drawn after analyzing the collected data. If fish mass increased, it would imply a positive relationship. If it stayed the same or decreased, it would suggest no or a negative relationship.
Explanation:Based on the question, Dr. Phil believed that playing music to fish might result in bigger fish. To test this belief, he plays rock music for six months straight, all the while collecting data. Despite this information, we cannot draw definitive conclusions from the description alone, it is necessary to analyze the observations and data he gathered. An increase in the mass of fish in the pond after the music has been played would imply a positive relationship between music and fish mass. On the other hand, if the fish's mass remained consistent or decreased, it could be concluded that there is no or a negative relationship between music and the mass of the fish. Please note that this conclusion might not be definitive, other factors might influence fish growth, such as food supply and water quality.
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Blood, bone, and cartilage are examples of
A. Three different tissue types found in the body
B. Connective tissue
C. Epithal tissue
D. Organs of the body
Blood, bone, and cartilage are all connective tissue so your answer will be B
Blood, bone, and cartilage are all examples of connective tissue. They form part of the body's structure, with each having its unique characteristics and functions.
Explanation:
Blood, bone, and cartilage are examples of B. Connective tissue. Connective tissues are composed of cells that form the body's structure. Three of the most common types are blood, bone, and cartilage. Blood is considered a connective tissue because it is made up of a liquid plasma matrix and cells. Bone is a hard tissue that provides a structure for the body, while cartilage is a flexible tissue found in many areas of the body including the joints, ear, and nose.
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Which characteristic of living things is BEST represented when a tree sheds it leaves during the autumn? reproduction made of cells maintain homeostasis respond to the environment
Answer: maintain homeostasis
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the feature of the body resists any change occurring in it with respect to the changes happening in the external environment.
The trees shed their leaves in autumn so as to conserve water in autumn season. As in autumn season the trees may experience the scarcity of water due to lack of rainfall or low rainfall in a region. As the leaves may loose water by the process of transpiration also they will utilize water for the process of photosynthesis. The trees may experience wilting or may die. This is a process of maintenance of homeostasis in terms of conservation of water.
1. Iodoacetamide inactivates enzymes by covalently modifying the R-group of ㅡㅡㅡ?
2.Which of the following is TRUE in the presence of competitive inhibitors?Vmax decreasesKm decreasesVmax increasesKm increasesBoth Km and Vmax decrease
3.If an enzyme is operating at very high substrate levels, and an irreversible site specific inhibitor is added, so that the reaction rate is reduced by 50%, what is TRUE about the resulting condition of the enzyme and/or substrate?half of the substrate does not bind to the enzymethe Km of the enzyme has changed by 50%all of the enzyme molecules exhibit a 50% loss of activityhalf of the enzyme molecules are completely active and half of the enzyme molecules are completely inactivethe binding affinity of the substrate is different for all of the enzyme molecules
4.Which of the following is NOT true about irreversible enzyme inhibitors?They usually covalently modify the enzymeThey often carry reactive groups that combine chemically with protein R-groupsThe protein R-groups modified are often nucleophiles such as sulfhydryl or hydroxyl groups.In many cases they alter the active site of the target enzymeIn most cases the inhibitor can be removed by dialysis
5.Which of the following is true for catalysis of a reaction by an enzyme?The equilibrium constant decreasesThe activation energy increasesThe initial velocity decreasesThe standard free energy of the reaction increasesThe initial velocity increases in the presence of an enzyme
6.Which of the following is TRUE?The Vmax is reached when the concentration of substrate is double the KmThe Km value decreases in the presence of a competitive inhibitorAt high substrate levels the reaction velocity increases in a liner manner with increasing S concentrationAt very low substrate levels doubling the S concentration nearly doubles the observed reaction rate so that the rate increases in a linear manner.When the substrate level is equal to the Km, the reaction rate does not increase if more substrate is added
1. Iodoacetamide combines with the thiol group of cysteine, thus, the protein cannot produce a disulfide bond. So, iodoacetate is an inhibitor of cysteine peptidase.
2. In the presence of competitive inhibition, the Km increases. In the presence of a competitive inhibitor -1/Km increases, thus, 1/Km decreases, and hence Km increases. The competitive inhibitors work by combining reversibly with the active site of an enzyme. Thus, more concentration of substrate is required to attain half of the maximum velocity.
3. In the given case, half of the molecules of the enzyme are completely active and half of the molecules of the enzyme are completely inactive.
Irreversible inhibition is one of the reasons for the reduction in the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the given case. The loss of activity of the enzyme molecules due to irreversible inhibition is time dependent and it is the reason behind the reduction in reaction rate.
Reduction in the rate of reaction is proportional to the loss of activity. Therefore, a 50 percent reduction in reaction rate will result in 50 percent of the enzyme molecules to be inactive and the other 50 percent of the enzyme molecules to be completely active.
4. The statement, that is, in the majority of the cases, the inhibitor can be removed by dialysis is not true about irreversible enzyme inhibitors.
The irreversible inhibitors combine with the enzymes permanently and make covalent bonds with the enzyme. Therefore, it cannot get removed by the process of dialysis in the majority of cases.
5. The correct statement is that the initial velocity increases in the presence of an enzyme.
6. The correct statement is that the Vmax is attained when the concentration of the substrate is double the Km.
The Km is illustrated as the concentration of substrate at which the reaction velocity reaches half of the maximum velocity. Therefore,
Km = 1/2 Vmax
2 Km = Vmax
Vmax = 2 Km
An irreversible inhibitor inactivates an enzyme by bonding covalently to a particular group at the active site. In the presence of competitive inhibitors, Vmax decreases and Km increases. When an irreversible site-specific inhibitor is added to an enzyme operating at very high substrate levels, the reaction rate is reduced by 50%, resulting in half of the enzyme molecules being completely active and half of the enzyme molecules being completely inactivated.
Explanation:1. Irreversible InhibitionAn irreversible inhibitor inactivates an enzyme by bonding covalently to a particular group at the active site. When the inhibitor is bound, the enzyme active site is blocked, the substrate does not bind, and catalysis cannot occur, similar to competitive inhibition. The difference here is that the inhibition is irreversible, meaning that the inhibitor remains bound and does not dissociate from the enzyme because the enzyme-inhibitor covalent bonds are not easily broken.
2. Competitive InhibitionCompetitive inhibition is when an inhibitor reversibly binds to an enzyme at the enzyme active site; competing with the substrate for binding. A competitive inhibitor must be a molecule that is structurally similar to the substrate molecule, allowing it to interact with the enzyme active site through similar non-covalent interactions, but it does not, or cannot, undergo the same chemical reaction. When the inhibitor is bound to the active site, it blocks the correct substrate from binding and catalysis from occurring. However, as a reversible inhibitor, it can disassociate from the enzyme eventually allowing for the correct substrate to bind and the catalysis to occur.
3. Enzyme Kinetics In the presence of an irreversible site-specific inhibitor, the reaction rate is reduced by 50%. This indicates that half of the enzyme molecules are completely active and half of the enzyme molecules are completely inactivated. The substrate, on the other hand, can still bind to all available active enzyme molecules, but the binding affinity may differ for each enzyme molecule.
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A(n) ____________ reaction occurs when the bonds of the reacting compounds are broken and new combinations are formed.
A- Decompisition
B- Reversible
C- Exchange
D- Sythesis
An exchange reaction, also known as a displacement or metathesis reaction, takes place when the bonds of reacting compounds break and form new combinations. This is a type of chemical reaction involving the recombination of atoms and the transfer of electrons.
Explanation:A(n) exchange reaction occurs when the bonds of the reacting compounds are broken and new combinations are formed. This type of reaction is also known as a displacement or metathesis reaction. It is categorized under chemical reactions, which involve the recombination of atoms and the transfer of electrons. For example, if compound AB reacts with compound CD, the products of the exchange reaction would be AD and CB.
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Help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
a. Filtration
Filtration is any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass.
Why are biologists still debating the classification of protozoans
The biologists have categorized protozoans as a part of Kingdom Protista, they have attempted to sort protists in comparison to three of the other kingdoms, that is, animals, plants, and fungi. However, this has not worked as several of the protists demonstrate features from two or more of these kingdoms.
The protozoans show considerable diversity, that is, some live as predators, some as parasites, and some others are thriving as producers. Scientists have attempted to categorize the organisms within the protists as either fungus-like, plant-like, or animal-like.
However, close testing and genetic examination have shown that these classifications often does not imply.
How is the relationship between ADP and ATP cyclical?
ATP, a powerful particle, changes over to low-control ADP to proceed with the procedure of glycolysis
When energy is required , ADP takes one phosphate and ATP is formed.
ExplanationADP (Adenosine diphosphate) is different from ATP (adenosine triphosphate) in the number of phosphate groups in its structure. These are the source of energy for the cells and the presence of phosphate groups in these compounds indicate the strength of energy. ADP has two phosphate groups while ATP has three. When the cell requires energy ADP gains one phosphate and ATP is formed which is responsible for energy production. Then again ATP is broken down and forms ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate) release.
Quinn went to her biology laboratory. They were doing an experiment with dangerous chemicals and so the teacher told the students to get ready for the experiment. Before putting on her goggles, she decided to take off her glasses and put in her contacts so she would be more comfortable. She then put on her laboratory coat and gloves.
Which statement is true?
She should have asked her teacher if she had to wear gloves.
She properly prepared for lab.
She should have should have put her lab coat on first.
She made the error of putting in her contacts.
" All of the substances are ____________, which cause inheritable changes in genetic material."
mutagens.
Hope this helps!
-Payshence
Answer:
Mutagens are substances which cause inheritable changes in a genetic material
Explanation:
Mutagens are chemical compounds or radiations that can cause changes in a genetic material. These changes are referred to as mutations which occurs in the cellular genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid, of a biological molecule.
what was rudolf virchows involvement in the cell theory
He was responsible for the formation of the last part of the cell theory which stated that "cells arise from pre-existing cells ". Rudolf Virchows laid the foundation of cellular pathology which explained more clearer how diseases occurred at cellular level.Through his work, scientists are now able to diagonose diseases more accurate.
Which of the following is exclusively a natural resource of carbon dioxide?
A. Clearing land with fire
B. Coal Power Plants
C. Decomposition
D. Photosynthesis
Decomposition is a process in decaying of rotting. The thermal decomposition of CO2 to CO and O2 is a possible way for the waste and utilization of CO2. However, this effect is confined by both the thermodynamic stability and the kinetic boundary. At 900 degrees C, this catalytic method achieves 100% of CO generation selectivity at 15.8% of CO2 changes.