We use the expression for Kp in terms of partial pressures, set up an equation incorporating the given initial pressures and the changes in pressure that occur as the reaction proceeds, and solve that equation to find the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2.
Explanation:To answer this question, we need to use the expression for the equilibrium constant (Kp) in terms of partial pressures. Kp is defined as the ratio of the products of the partial pressures of the products, each raised to their stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation, to the product of the partial pressures of the reactants, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients. Based on this, the expression is:
Kp = (pCO2 * pH2) / (pCO * pH2O)
where pCO, pH2O, pCO2 and pH2 are the equilibrium partial pressures of CO, H2O, CO2 and H2 at equilibrium, respectively. We know that initially, the partial pressure of CO2 and H2 is 0 because the reaction has not yet occurred. Also, the initial partial pressures of CO and H2O are given as 1320 torr and 1760 torr respectively.
As reaction proceeds to the right, the pressures of CO and H2O will decrease while that of CO2 and H2 will increase. Let's assume the decrease in the pressures of CO and H2O is by x.
Therefore, at equilibrium:
pCO = 1320 - xpH2O = 1760 - xpCO2 = xpH2 = x
So, plug these values into the Kp expression we get:
0.0611 = (x*x) / {[1320 - x]*[1760 - x]}
Solving this quadratic equation will give the value of x.
Substituting 'x' in pCO2 = x will give us the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2.
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The equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 in a chemical reaction can be calculated using an ICE table and the given Kp value in the application of Le Chatelier's principle.
Explanation:The subject of this question is the calculation of the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 in a chemical reaction according to Le Chatelier’s principle. We first identify the given Kp value and initial partial pressures for CO and H20. Using the equation for the reaction, CO(g) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + H2(g), we can create an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table to track changes in the partial pressures during the reaction. As the reaction proceeds, the concentrations of CO and H2O decrease while those of CO2 and H2 increase until equilibrium is reached. The changes for CO and H2O are negative while those for CO2 and H2 are positive. Using the equilibrium expressions and the given Kp value, we can solve for the change and add this to the initial concentrations to get the equilibrium concentrations.
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Calculate the [h+] in a solution that has a ph of 9.88.
The concentration of H⁺ ions present in the solution that has a pH of 9.88 is 1.3 × 10⁻¹⁰M.
What is pH?pH of any solution is define as the negative logarithm of the concentation of H⁺ ions present in the solution and it will be represented as:
pH = -log[H⁺]
After removing log equation becomes,
[H⁺] = [tex]10^{-pH}[/tex]
Given value of pH = 9.88
On putting this value of above equation we get,
[H⁺] = [tex]10^{-9.88}[/tex]
[H⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻¹⁰M
Hence the concentration of H⁺ ions is 1.3 × 10⁻¹⁰M.
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A sealed beaker of what you are told is aqueous nickel sulfide was given to you by the local chemist and you put it on the window sill. after a few days, you notice that the mixture is getting thick toward the bottom. what is the nature of the initial nickel sulfide mixture, assuming that the temperature on the sill remained approximately constant?
The nature of the initial nickel sulfide mixture : suspension
Further explanationA pure substance can be an element or compound.
The element is a single substance that cannot be broken down anymore or the simplest substance.
While the compound is a pure substance that is formed from a combination of two or more elements through chemical reactions and has a constant chemical ratio.
A mixture is a combination of two or more single substances. The properties of the mixture component are not lost / unchanged as in compounds.
The mixture can be divided into a homogeneous mixture if the composition/ratio of each substance in the mixture is the same and heterogeneous mixture if the ratio of the composition of the substances is not the same (can be varied) in each place.
Mixtures can also be divided into solutions, suspensions, and colloids based mainly on the size of the particles
Homogeneous mixture = Solution
Heterogeneous mixture = suspension, and
The mixture is located between suspension and solution = Colloid
The solution is a mixture of two or more substances consisting of a solute and a solvent. The particle size of the solution is very small, less than 1 nm, it cannot be distinguished between the solute and its solvent medium. Substances in a solution cannot be separated through filtering.
The solution has the same composition in each of its parts.
Suspensions are rough mixes and are heterogeneous. Particle size more than 100 nm.
The mixture is a murky solution, but it gradually separates due to the influence of gravity (undergoes precipitation). Suspension can be separated by filtering.
Colloids are mixtures of dispersed particles and dispersing particles. The size of colloidal particles lies between 1 nm - 100 nm
colloid mixtures cannot be separated through ordinary filtering, but rather with ultrafilters.
Aqueous nickel sulfide (NiS) has been deposited after being placed several days, so it can be classified into a mixture of suspensions
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A heterogeneous mixture
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a homogeneous mixture
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an example of a physical change
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Which chemical agent will you use to modify the frog heart rate?
To study Earth’s interior, geologists often rely on indirect methods, such as evidence from fossils. true or false
Answer:
the answer is false, the person that said true is incorect.
Explanation:
Answer: FALSE
Explanation:To study Earth’s interior, geologists often rely on indirect methods, such as evidence from fossils.
Which of the following indicates that an exothermic reaction has occurred? Temperature increases Heat is absorbed Salt is produced Water is formed
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A chemical reaction where heat energy is absorbed by the reactant molecules is known as an endothermic reaction.For example, [tex]A + B + Heat \rightarrow AB[/tex]
The value of [tex]\Delta H[/tex] = +ve for an endothermic reaction.
In an endothermic reaction, heat being absorbed is utilized to break the bonds. Therefore, temperature of the system decreases.
On the other hand, a chemical reaction in which heat energy is released by the reactant molecules is known as an exothermic reaction. For example, [tex]C + D \rightarrow CD + Heat[/tex] is an exothermic reaction.Generally, there occurs an increase in temperature of the substance or system because of the evolution of heat during an exothermic reaction.
Thus, we can conclude that temperature increases indicates that an exothermic reaction has occurred.
Answer:
Temp increases
Explanation:
liam uses a machine that counts waves on a metal cable. The machine counts 25 waves in 2 seconds. what is the frequency of the wave?
Final answer:
The frequency of the waves on the metal cable that Liam is using is calculated by dividing the number of waves, which is 25, by the time period over which they are counted, which is 2 seconds. This results in a frequency of 12.5 Hertz (Hz).
Explanation:
The question asks us to determine the frequency of a wave given the number of waves and the time it took for those waves to be counted. In this case, Liam's machine counts 25 waves in 2 seconds. Frequency is the number of waves that pass a given point in one second, and it is measured in Hertz (Hz).
To calculate the frequency, you divide the number of waves by the period. Using the information from the question:
Count of waves passing by 25 wavesTime period: 2 seconds.Frequency (f) = Number of waves / Time (T) = 25 waves / 2 s = 12.5 Hz. Hence, the frequency of the waves on the metal cable is 12.5 Hertz.
What is the pH of a solution of 0.750 M KH2PO4, potassium dihydrogen phosphate?
Final answer:
The pH of a 0.750 M KH₂PO₄ solution cannot be accurately determined without additional information such as the pKa value of the dihydrogen phosphate ion (H₂PO₄₋).
Explanation:
The pH of a solution of 0.750 M KH₂PO₄, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, depends on the acid dissociation constants of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄), as KH₂PO₄ is its conjugate salt. Typically, to calculate the pH of such a solution, one would use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation which relates the pH of a buffer solution to the pKa of the acid and the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base.
However, because there is no other species like phosphoric acid or its other salts present to form a buffer system, and because H₂PO₄₋ (from dissociation of KH₂PO₄) is a weak acid, we may need to approach this problem differently.
Since the direct calculation of pH in this context isn't possible without additional information such as the pKa value of the dihydrogen phosphate ion (H₂PO₄⁻), and because the problem does not ask for assumptions to be made or provide a relevant pKa value, the task cannot be completed.
In practical applications, a pKa value would be required to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, or for the weak acid formula: pH = -log[H⁺] where [H⁺] can be obtained through the equilibrium expression involving the dissociation constant (Ka) and the concentration of H₂PO₄⁻.
Carbon dioxide gas and liquid water form solid glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas during photosynthesis. Chlorophyll absorbs light in the 600-700 nm region.
a) Write a balanced thermochemical equation for the formation of 1.00 mol of glucose.
... I know that it goes like this: 6CO2(g)+6H2O(l)-->C6H12O6(s)+6O2(g)... this is already balanced but not yet considered a "thermochemical equation"
b) What is the minumum number of photons with Y=680 nm needed to form 1.00 mol of gluscose?
a)
A thermochemical equation is the one which includes heat of the reaction
Heat of reaction is also known as "enthalpy of reaction" ( ΔH rxn) and it is the amount of heat absorbed or evolved during the reaction.
The balanced equation for the reaction can be written as
[tex] 6 CO_{2}(g)+ 6 H_{2}O(l)\rightarrow C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}(s)+ 6O_{2}(g) [/tex]
Let us find ΔH rxn for the given reaction
We need heat of formation of the reactants and products. We will use standard reference table to get this data.
From standard table of enthalpies, we have
[tex] H_{f}^{0} Glucose (s) = -1273.3kJ/mol [/tex]
[tex] H_{f}^{0} CO_{2}(g)= -393.5 kJ/mol [/tex]
[tex] H_{f}^{0} H_{2}O(l)= -285.8 kJ/mol [/tex]
[tex] H_{f}^{0} O_{2}(g)= 0 [/tex]
Enthalpy of reaction can be calculated using following formula
[tex] \bigtriangleup H^{0} _{rxn}= \sum H_{f} (products) - \sum H_{f} ( reactants) [/tex]
Let us plug in the standard enthalpy of formation values we found out from reference table.
[tex] \bigtriangleup H^{0} _{rxn}= [-1273.3 kJ.mol + 0]- [6\times (-393.5kJ/mol) + 6\times (-285.8 kJ/mol)] [/tex]
[tex] \bigtriangleup H^{0} _{rxn}= [-1273.3 kJ.mol]- [-4075.8kJ/mol)] [/tex]
[tex] \bigtriangleup H^{0} _{rxn}= -1273.3 kJ.mol+ 4075.8kJ/mol [/tex]
[tex] \bigtriangleup H^{0} _{rxn}= 2802.5 kJ/mol [/tex]
The thermochemical equation for the given reaction can be written as
[tex] 6 CO_{2}(g)+ 6 H_{2}O(l)\rightarrow C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}(s)+ 6O_{2}(g).....\bigtriangleup H_{rxn} = 2802.5 kJ/mol [/tex]
b)
The wavelength of the light absorbed by chlorophyll is 680 nm.
Let us find the energy of one photon having wavelength = 680 nm.
The relationship between energy and wavelength is given by the following equation.
[tex] E = \frac{h\times c}{\lambda } [/tex]
Where E = energy of the photon
h = Plank's constant = 6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J.s
c = velocity of light = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s
λ = wavelength of light = 680 nm.
We need the wavelength in meters.
[tex] 680 nm\times \frac{1 m}{10^{9}nm}= 6.80 \times 10^{-7}m [/tex]
λ = 6.80 x 10⁻⁷ m
Let us find E now.
[tex] E = \frac{6.626\times 10^{-34}J.s\times 3.00 \times 10^{8}m/s}{6.80 \times 10^{-7}m} [/tex]
[tex] E = \frac{1.9878 \times 10^{-25}}{6.80\times 10^{-7}}J [/tex]
[tex] E = 2.92 \times 10^{-19}J [/tex]
Let us convert this to kJ.
[tex] 2.92 \times 10^{-19}J \times \frac{1kJ}{1000 J}= 2.92 \times 10^{-22}kJ [/tex]
Energy of 1 photon = 2.92 x 10⁻²² kJ
The total amount of energy absorbed during the photosynthesis reaction is 2802.5 kJ
Number of photons = Total energy absorbed / Energy of 1 photon
Number of photons = [tex] \frac{2802.5 kJ}{2.92 \times 10^{-22}kJ} [/tex]
Number of photons = 9.60 x 10²⁴
The minimum number of photons needed to form 1.0 mol of glucose is 9.60 x 10²⁴
Marie and Calvin dissolved 10 grams of KNO3 in 100 grams of water at 25oC. Next they added 5 grams more. Calvin told Marie that they could continue to add solute until they reached 40 grams because the solution was still
Of the molecules AlC l 3 and AlB r 3 , which has bonds that are more polar?
AlCl₃ has stronger polar bonds than AlBr₃ due to chlorine's higher electronegativity. The overall polarities of these compounds would also consider their similar trigonal planar structures.
Explanation:Of the molecules AlCl₃ and AlBr₃, AlCl₃ has more polar bonds. Bond polarity arises from the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms forming a bond. Chlorine (Cl) is more electronegative than Bromine (Br), hence, electrons in AlCl₃ are pulled towards Cl more than electrons in AlBr₃ are pulled towards Br. This makes the bonds in AlCl₃ more polar than those in AlBr₃.
In the context of a molecule being polar or nonpolar, apart from just electronegativity, we also need to consider the molecule's geometric structure. However, since both AlCl₃ and AlBr₃ have a similar structure (trigonal planar), influencing factors remain the bond polarities.
The two idealized extremes of chemical bonding: (1) ionic bonding—in which one or more electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another, and the resulting ions are held together by purely electrostatic forces—and (2) covalent bonding, in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms. Most compounds, however, have polar covalent bonds, which means that electrons are shared unequally between the bonded atoms. Figure 3.4.4 compares the electron distribution in a polar covalent bond with those in an ideally covalent and an ideally ionic bond. Recall that a lowercase Greek delta ( δ
) is used to indicate that a bonded atom possesses a partial positive charge, indicated by δ+
, or a partial negative charge, indicated by δ−
, and a bond between two atoms that possess partial charges is a polar bond.
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2. In the reaction NO + NO2 ⇌ N2O3, an experiment finds equilibrium concentrations of [NO] = 3.8 M, [NO2] = 3.9 M, and [N2O3] = 1.3 M. What is the equilibrium constant Kc for this reaction?
A. 0.064
B. 0.088
C. 0.114
D. 0.193
Answer:
B. 0.088
Explanation:
I got it right
Part a ammonia can be produced via the chemical reaction n2(g)+3h2(g)⇌2nh3(g) during the production process, the production engineer determines the reaction quotient to be q = 3.56×10−4. if k = 6.02×10−2, what can be said about the reaction? view available hint(s) ammonia can be produced via the chemical reaction during the production process, the production engineer determines the reaction quotient to be = 3.56×10−4. if = 6.02×10−2, what can be said about the reaction? the reaction has reached equilibrium. the reaction is not at equilibrium and will proceed to the left. the reaction is not at equilibrium and will proceed to the right. the reaction is not at equilibrium, but it is not possible to determine whether the reaction needs to proceed right or left to reach equilibrium. submit
Please help!
Explain what happens to the pitch of a cell phone ring when the amplitude of a sound wave increases. Justify your reasoning using complete sentences and key vocabulary.
Pitch is sometimes defined as the fundamental frequency of a sound wave. For most practical purposes, this is fine, and pitch and frequency can be thought of as equivalent. On the other hand, for most practical purposes, amplitude can be thought of as volume.
However, technically, pitch and volume are human perceptions. Thus, our perception of pitch and volume are not solely based on frequency and amplitude respectively, but are based on a combination of both. Frequency overwhelming dictates perceived pitch, but amplitude also does have some small, small effect on our pitch perception, especially when it is very large. For example, a very loud sound can have a different perceived pitch than you would predict from its frequency alone.
Hope that helps!
The ka value for acetic acid, ch3cooh(aq), is 1.8× 10–5. calculate the ph of a 2.20 m acetic acid solution.
which is a dangerous thing to do when working with flames in a laboratory?
The part of the flower that becomes a fruit to protect the seeds is the _______. stigma style ovary anther
ovary is your answer dude
This solution contains equal concentrations of both hf(aq) and naf(aq). write the proton transfer equilibrium (net ionic) reaction that includes f– as a reactant. include states of matter.
In a reaction of NaF and H₂O, NaOH and HF is produced.
The reaction can be shown as follows:
HF(aq.) + OH⁻(aq.) ----->F⁻(aq.) + H₂O(l)
Or it can be shown as below:
Here the reactants are: NaF, H₂O
While the product is: NaOH, HF
So the reaction in ionic can be shown as:
HF(aq.) + OH⁻(aq.) ----->F⁻(aq.) + H₂O(l)
So the reaction can be that includes the states of matter too can be:
HF(aq.) + OH⁻(aq.) ----->F⁻(aq.) + H₂O(l)
oxidation states of N2 + 3H2 --> 2NH3
Write balanced complete ionic equation for the reaction AgNO3(aq)+KCl(aq)→AgCl(s)+KNO3(aq).
Explanation:
A balanced equation is an equation in which number of reactants equal the number of products.
The given equation is as follows.
[tex]AgNO_{3}(aq) + KCl(aq) \rightarrow AgCl(s) + KNO_{3}(aq)[/tex]
Therefore, the ionic equation for the given reaction is as follows.
[tex]Ag^{+}(aq) + NO^{-}_{3}(aq) + K^{+}(aq) + Cl^{-}(aq) \rightarrow AgCl(s) + K^{+}(aq) + NO^{-}_{3}(aq)[/tex] ....... (1)
Now, cancel [tex]NO^{-}_{3}(aq)[/tex] and [tex]K^{+}[/tex] from both left and right side of the equation (1).
Hence, the net ionic equation will be as follows.
[tex]Ag^{+}(aq) + Cl^{-}(aq) \rightarrow AgCl(s)[/tex]
For the reaction of AgNO3(aq)+KCl(aq)→AgCl(s)+KNO3(aq), the balanced complete ionic equation is Ag+ (aq) + NO3- (aq) + K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → AgCl(s) + K+ (aq) + NO3- (aq), which shows the ions involved and distinguishes between the reacting ions forming the precipitate, and the spectator ions.
Explanation:The question is asking for a balanced complete ionic equation, which emphasizes the ions in a chemical equation. For the reaction of AgNO3(aq)+KCl(aq)→AgCl(s)+KNO3(aq), the balanced complete ionic equation would be written as:
Ag+ (aq) + NO3- (aq) + K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → AgCl(s) + K+ (aq) + NO3- (aq)
In this equation, Ag+ and Cl- are the ions reacting to form the precipitate AgCl(s), while K+ and NO3- are the spectator ions, which exist in the same form on both reactant and product side of the equation.
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A 0.465 g sample of an unknown compound occupies 245 ml at 298 k and 1.22 atm. what is the molar mass of the unknown compound?
a.26.3 g/mol
b.33.9 g/mol
c.12.2 g/mol
d.38.0 g/mol
e.81.8 g/mol
Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
It is know that for an ideal gas PV = nRT
where P = pressure
V = volume
n = number of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]
R = gas constant = 0.082 [tex]L atm K^{-1} mol^{-1}[/tex]
T = temperature
Therefore, put the given values in the formula above as follows.
PV = nRT
or, PV = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}RT[/tex]
[tex]1.22 atm \times 0.245 L = \frac{0.465 g}{molar mass} \times 0.082 L atm K^{-1} mol^{-1} \times 298 K[/tex]
molar mass = 38.12 g/mol
= 38.0 g/mol (approx)
Therefore, we can conclude that the molar mass of the unknown compound is 38.0 g/mol.