Answer:
1. Number of gas particles (atoms or molecules)
2. Number of moles of gas
3. Average kinetic energy
Explanation:
Since the two gas has the same volume and are under the same conditions of temperature and pressure,
Then:
1. They have the same number of mole because 1 mole of any gas at stp occupies 22.4L. Now both gas will occupy the same volume because they have the same number of mole
2. Since they have the same number of mole, then they both contain the same number of molecules as explained by Avogadro's hypothesis which states that at the same temperature and pressure, 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02x10^23 molecules or atoms.
3. Being under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, they both have the same average kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of gas is directly proportional to the temperature. Now that both gas are under same temperature, their average kinetic energy are the same.
The answer choices which are the SAME for these two gas samples are
1. Number of gas particles (atoms or molecules)2. Number of moles of gas3. Average kinetic energyWhat is Kinetic Energy?This refers to the type of energy which has to do with the motion of an object.
Hence, we can see that since the two gas has the same volume and are under the same conditions of temperature and pressure,
We would infer that:
They have the same number of moles They have the same number of molecules based on Avogadro's number.They have the same average kinetic energy because of the similar conditions of temperature and pressureRead more about kinetic energy here:
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The decomposition of in solution in carbon tetrachloride is a first-order reaction: The rate constant at a given temperature is found to be . If the initial concentration of is 0.200 M, what is its concentration after exactly 10 minutes have passed?
Answer:
see below
Explanation:
The rate constant is missing in question, but use C(final) = C(initial)e^-kt = 0.200M(e^-k·10). Fill in k and compute => remaining concentration of reactant
Answer:
C(initial)e^-kt = 0.200M(e^-k·10).
Explanation:
The rate constant is missing in question, but use C(final) = C(initial)e^-kt = 0.200M(e^-k·10).
Fill in k and compute => remaining concentration of reactant
A correct name for the following compound is: a. 1-Methylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane b. 1-Methylbicyclo[4.3.1]nonane c. 2-Methylbicyclo[4.3.1]nonane d. 2-Methylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane e. 7-Methylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane
Answer:
The correct name for the following compound is
2 - methylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane
Explanation:
Rule 1
Numbering of bicyclic compound is done from bridgehead carbon
Rule 2
The system is numbered with one of the bridgeheads, numbering proceeding by the longest possible path to the second bridgehead.
Name of the given bicyclic compound is 2 - methylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane
A rapid reaction is distinguished by A rapid reaction is distinguished by having a small value of activation energy. having a large value of activation energy. being unaffected by catalysts. having a large heat of reaction. having a small heat of reaction.
Answer:
A rapid reaction is distinguished by having a relatively small value of activation energy.
Explanation:
Chemical kinetics is involved in determining the rate of a reaction, how fast or slow a reaction will occur in a particular condition. The factors affecting the rate of reaction determining whether it will be a rapid reaction includes nature of the reactants, temperature, pressure, surface area of solid state, catalysts, concentration and so on. Based on temperature, temperature affects the collision frequency of a reaction and this contributes to a portion of the increased rate of reaction. At a given temperature, the rate of a reaction depends on the magnitude of the activation energy, pre-exponential factor A, molar gas constant, R, and temperature. This is true based on the Arrhenius equation K = Ae^-Ea/(RT). So therefore, from the equation, it is revealed that at small activation energies, reaction rate is rapid and slow at high activation energies.
Final answer:
A rapid reaction is characterized by a low activation energy, which allows for a faster reaction rate. Catalysts can lower this energy barrier, further speeding up the reaction without altering the overall energy change of the reaction.
Explanation:
A rapid reaction is distinguished by having a small value of activation energy. Activation energy (Ea) is the barrier that must be overcome for reactants to transform into products. A low activation energy indicates that the reactants can more easily reach the transition state and react to form products, leading to a faster reaction rate.
Catalysts are substances that lower the activation energy and provide a new pathway for the reaction to occur, thus speeding up the reaction without being consumed in the process. They do not affect the overall energy change of the reaction (∆H), but they make it easier for the reaction to occur.
This is especially valuable in biological systems where catalysis allows for important cellular reactions to occur at appreciable rates without the need for high temperatures that could harm the cell.
It is the heat of the reaction (∆H) that determines whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic, not the activation energy.
Therefore, whether a reaction has a large heat of reaction or a small heat of reaction does not directly relate to its speed.
How many hydrogen atoms are present in a 2.65 gram sample of hydrazine (N2H4)?
Answer:
4.95×10^22 atoms of hydrogen.
Explanation:
Now, we must remember that the number of elementary entities in one mole of a substance (atoms, molecules, ions,etc) is given by the Avogadro's number. Avogadro's number is numerically equal to 6.02×10^23.
We must first find the number of moles of hydrazine corresponding to 2.65 g
We find that from;
Number of moles= mass of hydrazine given/ molar mass of hydrazine
Molar mass of hydrazine= 32.0452 g/mol
Number of moles of hydrazine= 2.65/32.0452 g/mol= 0.0823 moles
If 1 mole of hydrazine contains 6.02×10^23 hydrogen atoms
0.0823 moles of hydrazine will contain 0.0823 moles × 6.02×10^23 = 4.95×10^22 atoms of hydrogen.
Mass is defined as anything that can be observed.
Question 4 options:
True
False
Provide the IUPAC name for the following compound: a. 2,4,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane b. 4-Isobutyl-4,5-dimethylheptane c. 4-sec-Butyl-2,4-dimethylheptane d. 3,4,6-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane e. 4-Isobutyl-3,4-dimethylheptane
Final answer:
The IUPAC name for the compound is 4-sec-Butyl-2,4-dimethylheptane, which is determined by identifying the longest continuous carbon chain and naming the substituents.
Explanation:
The IUPAC name for the compound is 4-sec-Butyl-2,4-dimethylheptane.
The name is determined by identifying the longest continuous carbon chain, which in this case is heptane. The substituents are then named using prefixes such as sec-, iso-, or tert-, which indicate the position of the substituent on the main chain. The substituents are listed alphabetically, followed by the position number and the main chain name.
In this case, the compound has a butyl group attached at the 4th position on the main chain, and two methyl groups attached at the 2nd and 4th positions. Therefore, the IUPAC name is 4-sec-Butyl-2,4-dimethylheptane.
Which of the given statements are true of low molecular weight carboxylic acids? Low molecular weight carboxylic acids are volatile. Low molecular weight carboxylic acids are completely safe for handling and can even be used without laboratory protection. The vapors of low molecular weight carboxylic acids are harmless. One should use caution when handling low molecular weight carboxylic acids.
Answer:
Low molecular weight carboxylic acids are volatile.
One should use caution when handling low molecular weight carboxylic acids.
Final answer:
Low molecular weight carboxylic acids are volatile and can have strong odors. They are not completely safe for handling without protection due to possible irritation from the vapors. Therefore, caution and appropriate safety measures are necessary when handling these substances.
Explanation:
Low molecular weight carboxylic acids tend to be volatile, implying they can easily vaporize at room temperature, and often have strong, sharp odors. One commonly known example is ethanoic acid (acetic acid), which is found in household vinegar. While they are usually colorless and can be found in everyday products such as foods and household items, it is not accurate to say that they are completely safe and can be handled without protection. The vapors of low molecular weight carboxylic acids can be irritating and, in some cases, harmful if inhaled in large amounts. Therefore, caution should be used when handling these substances.
Carboxylic acids are weak acids that do not completely ionize in water. This characteristic makes them less dangerous than strong acids; however, they can still cause irritation and should be treated with respect in a laboratory setting. Carboxylic acids such as propionic acid, while not highly toxic, can still pose safety risks if not handled properly, reinforcing the need for appropriate safety measures such as gloves and eye protection when handling these compounds.
Thea dissolves 0.33 mole of glucose into 450 mL of water. What is the concentration of the solution?
a
0.73M
b
1.5M
c
1.0M
d
14M
Answer:
0.73M
Explanation:
What is the fate of glucose 6‑phosphate, glycolytic intermediates, and pentose phosphate pathway intermediates in this cell? Glycolytic intermediates can only enter the pentose phosphate pathway through conversion to pyruvate and subsequent gluconeogenesis. The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway reaction catalyzed by glucose 6‑phosphate dehydrogenase is slowed down. Most of the glucose 6‑phosphate enters the pentose phosphate pathway. One molecule of glyceraldehyde 3‑phosphate and two molecules of fructose 6‑phosphate are used to generate three molecules of ribose 5‑phosphate. Most of the glucose 6‑phosphate enters the glycolytic pathway and is converted to fructose 6‑phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3‑phosphate. Under the given conditions, all triose phosphates are converted to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway.
Answer:
The Phosphorylated glucose(glucose +inorganic phosphate), with the energy supplied from ATP hydrolysis formed glucose 6- phosphate, which is later converted to 2 molecules of fructose 6-phosphate- this is phosphorylation.And represented the fate of glucose -6-phosphate.
The fructose 6-phosphate are converted to triose phosphate- which is a 2-molecules of 3C compound. The latter is oxidized by NAD→ NADH+ to form intermediates in the glycolytic pathways .
These intermediates are converted to ribose 5-phosphates in the presence of transketolase and transaldolase enzymes.And they are finally converted to pyruvate in the glycolytic pathway with the production of 2ATPs per molecule of glucose.
Basically the phosphate pathway reaction is very slow due to enzyme catalysis.
Which element is an actinoid?
Answer:Neptunium; Protactinium; Thorium; Uranium
Explanation:
Propose a mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cyclohexanone dimethyl acetal. (Remember that this reaction is reversible, so each step in the hydrolysis is the same as the acetal synthesis, only in reverse.)
Answer:
The proposed mechanism is shown on the first uploaded image
Explanation:
Calcium carbonate can be broken
down by heating what . What is the scientific
term for this? (Hint: your answer
should be two words.)
Answer:
Thermal decomposition
Explanation:
Calcium carbonate can be broken down by heating. The following equation represents this chemical change.
CaCO₃(s) ⇒ CaO(s) + CO₂(g)
The scientific term for this process is thermal decomposition.
Thermal refers to the fact that heat is required.Decomposition refers to the kind of reaction in which a big substance breaks down into smaller substances.The breakdown of calcium carbonate by heating is called thermal decomposition. This process involves a single substance breaking down into simpler compounds upon heating. The process is demonstrated in the reaction - CaCO3 (s) -> CaO(s) + CO2 (g), where calcium carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
The process of breaking down Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) by heating is scientifically known as Thermal Decomposition. This is a chemical process where a single substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances when heated. To demonstrate this, let's use the following reaction:
CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
In this instance, calcium carbonate (which can come from limestone or chalk) decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated. It's important to note that the reaction is reversible and to ensure a 100% yield of CaO, the CO2 should be allowed to escape.
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For the process O2(g)→2O(g), ΔH° = 498 kJ·mol–1. What would be the predicted sign of ΔS°rxn and the conditions under which this reaction would be spontaneous? Question 13 options: 1) ΔS°rxn is positive, and the process is spontaneous at low temperatures only. 2) ΔS°rxn is positive, and the process is spontaneous at high temperatures only. 3) ΔS°rxn is negative, and the process is spontaneous at high temperatures only. 4) ΔS°rxn is negative, and the process is spontaneous at low temperatures only.
Answer:
2) ΔS°rxn is positive, and the process is spontaneous at high temperatures only.
Explanation:
ΔS = ΔH / T , ΔS is change in entropy , ΔH is change in enthalpy
Since ΔH is positive , ΔS is positive .
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
For spontaneous reaction . ΔG should be negative .
As ΔS is positive , at high temperature the value of TΔS will be more and hence the value of TΔS will be higher than Δ H . Hence ΔG will be negative.
Hence at higher temperature , the reaction will be spontaneous.
The predicted sign of ΔS°rxn and the conditions under which this reaction would be spontaneous should be option 2) ΔS°rxn is positive, and the process is spontaneous at high temperatures only.
Predicted sign of ΔS°rxn and its conditons:We know that
ΔS = ΔH / T
Here ΔS means a change in entropy
And, ΔH means a change in enthalpy
Since ΔH is positive so ΔS is positive.
Now
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
However, For spontaneous reaction. ΔG should be negative .
Since ΔS is positive, at high temperature the value of TΔS should be more and due to this the value of TΔS will be more than Δ H . Thus, ΔG will be negative.
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Write the balanced chemical equations for the reactions in which sodium phosphate is added to copper(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride, respectively. Include states of matter.
Explanation:
1. When sodium phosphate is added to copper (II) sulfate it gives solid precipitate of copper(II) phosphate and solution of sodium sulfate.
The balanced equation is given as:
[tex]2Na_3PO_4(aq)+3CuSO_4(aq)\rightarrow Cu_3(PO_4)_2(s)+3Na_2SO_4(aq)[/tex]
2. When sodium phosphate is added to iron(III) chloride it gives solid precipitate of iron (III) phosphate and solution of sodium chloride.
The balanced equation is given as:
[tex]Na_3PO_4(aq)+Fe(Cl)_3(aq)\rightarrow FePO_4(s)+3NaCl(aq)[/tex]
The fuel used in many disposable lighters is liquid butane, C4H10
C
4
H
10
. Butane has a molecular weight of 58.1 grams in one mole. How many carbon atoms are in 3.50 g
g
of butane?
Answer:
1.45 *10^23 atoms C
Explanation:
3.50 g butane * 1 mol butane/58.1 g butane =0.06024 mol butane
in 1 mol C4H10 -------- 4 mol C
in 0.06024 mol C4H10 -------- 4*0.6024 = 0.241 mol C
0.241 mol C * 6.02*10^23 atoms C/1 mol C = 1.45 *10^23 atoms C
Ok yea need some help on this Chem question.
Answer:
Combustion
Explanation:
Combustion reactions are the one where the oxygen is a reactant and the products are always water and carbon dioxide.
It is also a redox type because the oxygen is reduced and the carbon from the C₄H₁₀O oxidized to CO₂
C₄H₁₀O + 6O₂ → 4CO₂ + 5H₂O
1 mol of butyl alcohol burns in prescence of 6 moles of oxygen in order to produce 4 moles of carbon dioxide and 5 moles of water.
Answer:
This is a combustion reaction
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
A single-replacement reaction is a reaction where we will replace one element with a similar element in the compound.
A single-replacement or displacement reaction has the following form:
A+BC→AC+B
Element A is usually a metal and will replace element B in the compound , this should also be a metal.
If the elemnent isn't a metal ( so a nonmetal), the replacing element will either be a metal.
In a double-replacement reaction we will exchange positive and negative ions of two ionic compounds, what will cause the formation of two new compounds.
A double-replacement reaction has the following form:
AB+CD→AD+BC
IIn this example, A and C are positively-charged ions (cations), and B and D are negatively-charged ions (anions).
In a decomposition reaction a compound will break down into two or more substances ( those are smaller, more simple).
A decomposition reaction uses the following form.
AB→A+B
In a combustion reaction a substance will react with oxygen gas (O2). Oxygen gas is needed to start the reaction.CO2 gas and water vapor (H2O) will be produced.
In a combination reaction we will combine two or more substances to form a single new substance. This is also known as a synthesis reaction, and uses the general form:
A+B→AB
Step 2: The equation
C4H10(g) + 6O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 5H2O(g)
Step 3: What kind of reaction is this
Since the reaction requires oxygen and will produce carbon dioxie and water vapor. This means this reaction is a combustion reaction.
(Combustion of butane).
Gaseous methane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . Suppose 9.3 g of methane is mixed with 52.3 g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to significant digits.
Answer:
26 g
Explanation:
Write the balanced reaction first
CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O
9.3g + 52.3g --> ? CO2
You must determine how much carbon dioxide can be made from each of the reactants. The maximum mass that can be made is the lower of the two.
From CH4:
9.3g CH4 (1molCH4/16.05gCH4) (1molCO2 / 1molCH4) (44.01g CH4 / 1molCO2) = 26 g
From O2:
52.3g O2 (1molO2/32gO2) (1molCO2/2molO2)(44.01g/1molCO2) = 36 g
Write the balanced chemical reaction for the following nitrogen cycle reactions. These reactions are mediated by bacteria and plants in nature and in wastewater treatment. (a) nitrification of ammonium to nitrite using molecular oxygen. (b) nitrification of nitrite to nitrate using molecular oxygen. (c) denitrification of nitrate to N2 using succinic acid as the carbon
Answer:
Nitrification is a biological process by which ammonia is oxidized to nitrites ([tex]NO_{2} ^{-}[/tex]) and then to nitrates ([tex]NO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]) by action of specialized bacteria in nature (such as nitrosomonas and nitrobacter).
Explanation:
This two-step process utilizes molecular atmospheric oxygen and ammonia and ammonium components of soil and nature.
(a.) Ammonia and ammonium compounds to nitrite
[tex]NH_{4} ^{+} + O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]NO_{2} ^{-} + 4H^{+}[/tex]
[tex]2NH_{3} ^{+} + 3O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]2NO_{2} ^{-} + 2H^{+} + 2H_{2} O[/tex]
(b.) Nitrite to nitrate
[tex]2NO_{2} ^{-} + O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]2NO_{3} ^{-} + energy[/tex]
(c.) The reverse process involves reduction of nitrates to molecular nitrogen, called denitrification (with succinic acid in the equation below).
[tex]4NO_{3} ^{-} + 10H^{+} + (CH_{2})_{2}(COOH)_{2}[/tex] → [tex]2N_{2} +4CO_{2} + 8 H_{2} O[/tex]
([tex]NO[/tex] and [tex]N_{2}O[/tex] is an intermediate product in this process.)
A galvanic cell is powered by the following redox reaction: Br2 H2 2OH Answer the following questions about this cell. If you need any electrochemical data, be sure you get it from the ALEKS Data tab. Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that takes place at the cathode. Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that takes place at the anode. Calculate the cell voltage under standard conditions. Round your answer to decimal places.
Final answer:
In a galvanic cell, half-reactions occur at separate electrodes: reduction at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. The cathode is the positive electrode, while the anode is the negative electrode. Standard cell potential can be calculated but requires the standard reduction potentials for the specific half-reactions.
Explanation:
Galvanic Cell Half-Reactions, Electrodes, and Potentials
In a galvanic cell, a spontaneous redox reaction occurs that drives the flow of electrons from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit. The original question does not provide a complete redox reaction, but assuming it involves bromine (Br2), hydrogen (H2), and hydroxide ions (OH-), the following can be considered:
For the provided redox reaction, the half-reaction that occurs at the cathode (reduction) might be:
2H+ + 2e- → H2
And the half-reaction at the anode (oxidation) could be:
2Br- → Br2 + 2e-
The cathode is the positive electrode, as it undergoes reduction, and the anode is the negative electrode, as it undergoes oxidation. Without actual potential values given, the cell voltage under standard conditions cannot be calculated here. However, the standard cell potential can be found by using standard reduction potential tables and subtracting the anode potential from the cathode potential.
In the reaction, 2 Al (s) + 6HCL (aq) --> 2ALCL3 (aq) + 3 H2 (g), 2.00 g of Al will react with how many milliliters of 0.500 M HCl?
Answer:
The volume of HCl required is [tex]V = 420 mL[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The chemical equation for this reaction is
[tex]2 Al _{(s)} + 6 HCl _{(aq)} -----> 2 Al Cl_{3} _{(aq)} + 3 H_2 _{(g)}[/tex]
The mass of Al is [tex]m__{Al}} = 2.00g[/tex]
The concentration of HCl is [tex]C__{HCl}} = 0.500M[/tex]
The number of moles of [tex]Al[/tex] given is [tex]n__{Al}} = \frac{mass \ of Al}{Molar \ mass \ of \ Al}[/tex]
The molar mass of Al is [tex]M = 27 g/mol[/tex]
So
[tex]n__{Al} = \frac{2}{27}[/tex]
[tex]n__{Al} = \ 0.07 \ moles[/tex]
From the balanced equation
2 moles of Al reacts with 6 moles of HCl
So 0.07 moles of Al will react with x
Therefore
[tex]x = \frac{0.07 *6}{2}[/tex]
[tex]x = 0.21 \ moles[/tex]
Now the volume of HCl can be obtained as
[tex]Volume(V) = \frac{moles}{concentration }[/tex]
So [tex]V = \frac{0.21}{0.500}[/tex]
[tex]V = 420 mL[/tex]
can decomposition determine the property of a substance
Answer:The general properties of matter such as color, density, hardness, are examples of physical properties. Properties that describe how a substance changes into a completely different substance are called chemical properties. Flammability and corrosion/oxidation resistance are examples of chemical properties.
Explanation:
Which of the following properties of matter can be explained on a submicroscopic level?
Question 7 options:
Structure
Composition
Behavior
All the above
The properties of matter including structure, composition, and behavior can all be explained on a submicroscopic level. The atoms or molecules' arrangement, what they are composed of, and their response to different conditions, helps in understanding the properties of the matter.
Explanation:The properties of matter such as structure, composition, and behavior can all be explained on a submicroscopic level. In fact, observing matter at this level allows us to understand why material behaves in the way that it does.
Structure refers to the arrangement of atoms in a material. For example, diamonds and graphite are both made of carbon atoms, but their different structures make them drastically different in hardness.
Composition refers to what a material is made of at the elemental level. For example, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, leading to its unique properties.
Behavior can be understood as the way that material reacts under different conditions, this can be due to the interaction of its molecules. For example, water boils at 100 degrees Celsius because that's the temperature at which its molecules have enough energy to change from a liquid to a gas.
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The molar mass of an unknown organic liquid (M ~ 100) is determined by placing 5 mL of the liquid in a weighed 125-mL conical flask fitted with a piece of Al foil with a pin hole in it. The flask is heated in a boiling water bath until the liquid evaporates to expel the air and fill the flask with the unknown vapor at atmospheric pressure. After cooling to room temperature the flask and its contents are reweighed.
The uncertainty in which piece of apparatus causes the largest percentage error in the molar mass?
A) balance (+/-0.01 g)
B) barometer (+/-0.2 mm Hg)
C) flask (+/-1.0 mL)
D) thermometer (+/-0.2 ˚C)
At the equivalence point for a weak acid-strong base titration an equal number of moles of OH- and H have reacted, producing a solution of water and salt. What affects the pH at the equivalence point for a weak-acid/strong-base titration
Answer:
The pH shifts less with small additions of titrant near the equivalence point.
Explanation:
Explanation:
In an acid-base titration, the titration curve reflects the strengths of the corresponding acid and base.
If one reagent is a weak acid or base and the other is a strong acid or base, the titration curve is irregular, and the pH shifts less with small additions of titrant near the equivalence point.
Acid-base titrations depend on the neutralization between an acid and a base when mixed in solution.
The endpoint and the equivalence point are not exactly the same: the equivalence point is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction, while the endpoint is just the color change from the indicator.
Feldspars producing clay is an example of ___
Answer: A
Explanation:
Hydrolysis reactions break down not only feldspars but many other silicate minerals as well, amphiboles, pyroxenes, micas, and olivines.
How many L of carbon dioxide at 1.00 atm and 298.15 K are released from a car's engine upon consumption of a 60.0 L LIQUID tank gasoline? (Gasoline density: 0.77 kg/L, Molar mass of C₈H₁₈: 114.2 g/mol) C₈H₁₈ (l) + ²⁵/₂ O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g)
Answer:
79,000 litersExplanation:
1. Number of moles of gasoline
a) Convert 60.0 liters to grams
density = 0.77kg/literdensity = mass / volumemass = density × volume mass = 0.77kg/liter × 60.0 liter = 46.2 kg46.2kg × 1,000g/kg = 46,200gb) Convert 46,200 grams to moles
molar mass of C₈H₁₈ = 114.2 g/molnumber of moles = mass in grams / molar massnumber of moles = 46,200g / (114.2 gmol) = 404.55 mol2. Number of moles of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced
a) Balanced chemical equation (given):
C₈H₁₈ (l) + ²⁵/₂ O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g)b) mole ratio:
1 mol C₈H₁₈ / 8 mol CO₂ = 404.55 mol C₈H₁₈ / xSolve for x:
x = 404.55mol C₈H₁₈ × 8 mol CO₂ / 1mol C₈H₁₈ = 3,236.4 mol CO₂3. Convert the number of moles of carbon dioxide to volume
Use the ideal gas equation:
pV = nRTV = nRT/pp = 1 atmT = 298.15Kn = 3,236.4 molR = 0.08206 (mol . liter)/ (K . mol)Substitute and compute:
V =3,236.4 mol × 0.08206 (mol . liter) / (K . mol) 298.15K / 1 atmV = 79,183 literRound to two significant figures (because the density has two significant figures): 79,000 liters ← answer
The liters L of carbon dioxide at 1.00 atm and 298.15 K released from the car's engine upon consumption of a 60.0 L LIQUID tank gasoline is 79230.76 L
From the given information;
The equation for the reaction can be expressed as:
[tex]\mathbf{C_8H_8 _{(l)} + \frac{25}{2}O_2_{(g)} \to 8 CO_2_{(g)} + 9H_2O_{(g)}}[/tex]
Given that:
Pressure = 1.00 atmTemperature = 298.15 Kamount of gasoline used = 60.0 Lgasoline density = 0.77 kg/LMolar mass of C₈H₁₈: 114.2 g/molThe first thing to do is to determine the mass amount of gasoline used by using the relation:
[tex]\mathbf{Density = \dfrac{mass}{volume}}[/tex]
[tex]\mathbf{0.77 \ kg/L = \dfrac{mass}{60 \ L}}}[/tex]
mass amount of gasoline used = 0.77 kg/L × 60 L
mass amount of gasoline used = 46.2 kg
mass amount of gasoline used = 46.2 × 1000g
mass amount of gasoline used = 46200 g
Now, since we know the mass amount of the gasoline used, we can determine the number of moles of the gasoline by using the formula:
[tex]\mathbf{number of moles = \dfrac{mass}{molar \ mass}}[/tex]
[tex]\mathbf{number of moles = \dfrac{46200 \ g}{114.2 \ g/mol}}[/tex]
[tex]\mathbf{number \ of \ moles = 404.6 \ moles }[/tex]
From the given reaction, 1 mole of gasoline react to produce 8 moles of CO₂
As such, 404.6 moles of gasoline will produce = (404.6 moles × 8)/ 1
= 3236.8 moles of CO₂ is produced.
Now, using the ideal gas equation to determine the volume of CO₂ that are released;
PV = nRT
[tex]\mathbf{1.00 atm \times V = 3236.8 moles \times 0.0821 atm L /K/mol \times 298.15 \ K}[/tex]
[tex]\mathbf{V = \dfrac{3236.8 moles \times 0.0821 atm L /K/mol \times 298.15 \ K}{1.00 atm}}[/tex]
V = 79230.76 L
Therefore, we can conclude that the liters L of carbon dioxide at 1.00 atm and 298.15 K released from the car's engine upon consumption of a 60.0 L LIQUID tank gasoline is 79230.76 L
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Draw the structure of the organic product(s) of the Grignard reaction between dimethyl oxalate and excess methylmagnesium bromide, followed by aqueous workup. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. If a compound is formed more than once, add another sketcher and draw it again. Alternatively, you may use the square brackets tool to add stoichiometries greater than one. Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu.
Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
The Grignard Reaction refers to the organomagnesium halide (also known as the Grignard reagent) addition to a ketone or aldehyde, just to create a secondary or tertiary alcohol, respectively. When there’s a reaction with the formaldehyde, it leads to a primary alcohol. It is a multipurpose material that can be utilized in creating new carbon–carbon bonds.
Kindly check the image below to see the structure of the organic product(s) of the Grignard reaction between dimethyl oxalate and excess methylmagnesium bromide.
The product of the reaction is a diol obtained by nucleophilic addition of methylmagnesium bromide to each ester group in dimethyl oxalate, followed by aqueous acid workup.
Explanation:The organic product of the Grignard reaction between dimethyl oxalate and excess methylmagnesium bromide, followed by aqueous workup, is the diol resulting from the nucleophilic addition of the Grignard reagent to the carbonyl group of the ester. Each ester group in the dimethyl oxalate is replaced by a methyl group from methylmagnesium bromide. After acidic workup, the final product is a diol with two primary alcohol groups. The mechanism involves the formation of a magnesium alkoxide intermediate, which upon acid treatment, delivers the alcohol. To start, the Grignard reagent methylmagnesium bromide acts as a strong nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of the first ester group, then similar addition occurs to the second ester group after another equivalent of the Grignard reagent. Finally, hydrolysis during the aqueous workup completes the reaction.
pure potassium hydrogen phthalate is used for the standardization of the sodium hydroxide solution. suppose that the potassium hydrogen phthalate is not completely dry. will the reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution be too high too low or unaffected because of the moistness of the potassium phthalate ? explain
Answer:
the reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution will be too high.
Explanation:
The term "standardization" in science or in analytical Chemistry simply means the process involved in the determination of a standard or the concentration of a particular substance.
One of the advantages and the most important of the advantages of Standardization is that it Helps in making sure that we get a result with the least error.
So, let me explain the answer. The reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution will be TOO HIGH because the potassium hydrogen phthalate is NOT completely dry. The weight of the moisture will create an additional weight which will increase the weight of potassium hydrogen phthalate in the solution
If potassium hydrogen phthalate is not completely dry, it will make the reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution too low. This is due to the added water from the moisture which causes a dilution effect.
Explanation:In the situation where the potassium hydrogen phthalate is not completely dry, the reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution will be too low. This is because the water from the phthalate's moisture can dilute the sodium hydroxide solution, which leads to a lower than actual molar concentration. It's essential to have a completely dry potassium hydrogen phthalate when standardizing sodium hydroxide solutions to get an accurate molar concentration.
For instance, when potassium hydroxide, a highly soluble ionic compound, is dissolved in a dilute solution, it completely dissociates, giving a certain concentration of [OH-] ions. Suppose this reaction occurs in an environment where excess water is introduced due to the moisture in potassium hydrogen phthalate. In that case, this equilibrium will be affected, leading to a lower concentration of hydroxide ions and thus, a lower reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution.
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What are the two main differences between the 2 ecosystem in terms of organism population
Answer:
The answer to the question above is explained below
Explanation:
There are so many differences between the two ecosystem (terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems). The most important ones will be highlighted:
1. Aquatic environments are so rich in nutrients they support more live than equivalent terrestrial ecosystems as aquatic ecosystems have availability of water more than the terrestrial ecosystems. Presenting the consequent importance of water as a limiting factor in the terrestrial ecosystems.
2. Aquatic ecosystems are much more stable than terrestrial ecosystems, with smaller fluctuations in temperature and other variables.
3. In terrestrial ecosystems, there is hardly ever a shortage of light, while it can be a limiting factor in some aquatic ecosystems.
4. Gravity has so much influence on terrestrial animals. That is not the case for their aquatic counterparts where water supports aquatic organisms.
An ecosystem is a large community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a particular area in conjunction with the non-living components of their environment, interacting as a system.
Terrestrial Ecosystem includes: Grasslands, Forests, Desert.
Aquatic Ecosystem includes: Freshwater ecosystem, Marine Ecosystem.
Calculate the Ka for the following acid. Determine if it is a strong or weak acid. HClO2(aq) dissolves in aqueous solution to form H+(aq) and ClO2−(aq). At equilibrium, the concentrations of each of the species are as follows: [HClO2]=0.24M [H+]=0.051M [ClO2−]=0.051M
Answer:
The value of Ka [tex]= 1.1*10^{-2}[/tex]
It is a weak acid
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The concentration of [tex][HClO_2]=0.24M[/tex]
The concentration of [tex][H^+]=0.051M[/tex]
The concentration of [tex][ClO_2^-]=0.051M[/tex]
Generally the equation for the ionic dissociation of [tex]HClO_2[/tex] is
[tex]HClO_2_(aq) -------> H^{+}_{(aq)} + ClO_2^{-}_{(aq)}[/tex]
The equilibrium constant is mathematically represented as
[tex]Ka = \frac{concentration \ of \ product }{concentration \ of \ reactant }[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{[H^+][ClO_2^-]}{[HClO_2]}[/tex]
Substituting values since all value of concentration are at equilibrium
[tex]Ka = \frac{0.051 * 0.051}{0.24}[/tex]
[tex]= 1.1*10^{-2}[/tex]
Since the value of is less than 1 it show that in water it dose not completely
disassociated so it an acid that is weak