Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis. how do these differences relate to the role of makes and female reproduction

Answers

Answer 1
Spermatogenesis takes place in the testes of males, oogenesis takes place in the ovary of the females.
Spermatogenesis produces small, motile spermatozoa whereas in oogenesis the ovum is spherical, not motile and is much larger with more food reserves and cytoplasm.
Spermatogenesis involves a metamorphosis stage called spermiogenesis, in oogenesis there is no metamorphosis stage.
In spermatogenesis, 4 gametes are produced from each meiotic division, whereas in oogenesis there is only 1 gamete produced from each division as the unequal cytokinesis leads to the formation of polar bodies.
Spermatogenesis occurs in males (human males) continuously from puberty to death whereas oogenesis starts in females at puberty and then occurs on a monthly basis until the menopause. It takes 70 days for sperm to be produced in males. 
In oogenesis, the development of the oocyte is arrested at prophase I of meiosis until puberty, and then stops at metaphase II of meiosis until fertilisation, where the meiotic division is finally completed. In males meiosis occurs continuously
The hormones in the 2 processes have different effects - in oogenesis, FSH is responsible for the choice of the primary oocyte and causes the cells of the membrana granulosa to proliferate to form the theca interna which secretes oestrogen, and the theca externa. LH in females stimulates ovulation and the maturation of the Graafian follicle. In males, on the other hand, FSH increases the activity of the Sertoli cells which are involved in spermiogenesis (the metamorphosis stage of spermatogenesis). LH in males stimulates the Leydig cells to secrete testosterone

Related Questions

The maximum velocity (vmax) of an enzymatic reaction is an important piece of information regarding how the enzyme works. what series of measurements can be taken in order to infer the maximum velocity of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Answers

Normally when one studies an enzymatic reaction you need to do the following:
1. The initial rate of the reaction - or initial velocity - Vo - (when you've just combined the enzyme and the substrate) - you measure the amount of product made per unit time right at the beginning of the reaction.
2. You have to do this for each concentration of substrate - this would be a range of substrate concentrations.
3. You plot these on a graph with (substrate, Vo) as your (x,y)
What you will see is a graph that rises from 0,0 and eventually plateaus.
The plateau indicates that the enzyme is saturated with the substrate and is working as fast as it can. This is the maximum velocity or Vmax.

What happens as a direct result of an endangered species dying out ?
A. Loss of biodiversity
B. Ecosystem balance
C. Habitat loss
D. Climate change

Answers

Answer: A. Loss of biodiversity

Endangered species are those animal or plant species which are at risk of being extinct. The number or population of such species decreases either rapidly or suddenly due to loss of habitat, migration, hunting, poaching, climate change and because of other reasons.

The loss of endangered species from the native habitat can directly reduce the available biodiversity.

Answer:

Loss of biodiversity

Explanation:

To what are greater body size and facial gracility documented in homo erectus likely related?

Answers

Greater body size and facial gracility documented in Homo erectus are likely related to changes in tool technology and increasing access to meat and other proteins. Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like double arches and adducted big toe, they had a cranial capacity range from 650 cc to 1,200 cc. 

What two layers of the egg must the sperm penetrate to reach the egg's plasma membrane?

Answers

the celvex and the uterus

Some isotopes are_____ , which makes them suitable for medical imaging procedures.

Answers

Some isotopes are radioactive, which makes them suitable for medical imaging procedures. Radioactive isotopes have found a wide range of use in medicine. For example, they are used as tracers for diagnostic as well as research on metabolic processes. They are also used in medical imaging procedures, these isotopes include fluorine-18, gallium-67 among many others.

Answer:

Isotopes such as fluorine-18, gallium-67, krypton-81m, rubidium-82, nitrogen-13, technetium-99m, indium-111, iodine-123.

Explanation:

For diagnostics, medical imaging radiopharmaceuticals are used intravenously or orally. After which external detectors catch the images from the radiation that is emitted from these isotopes also used in MRI and CT scanners.

Iodine 123 is used for examining the whole body part. In developed countries about 26 % of the population use 2%/ year of these medications for the therapies, and these nuclear medicines were developed in the 1950s by physicians who emphasized there use of Iodine 131 for the treatment of thyroid disease.

These isotopes consist of molybdenum-99, which has half-life 66 hours,

The rabies virus is most commonly transferred through what?

Answers

Saliva

Rabies virus is an infectious virus which causes rabies in human and animals. Rabies is transmitted mostly through the saliva of infected animals such as birds and bats. Transmission of the virus through the human saliva is rare. Signs and symptoms of rabies virus include fever, headache, partial paralysis, and vomiting.






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1. Based on Dalton's atomic theory, which of the following is true about all atoms of the same element?

They have different masses.
They have the same properties.
They can be divided into molecules.
They are composed of visible matter.

2. Boron is to the immediate left of carbon in the same row in the periodic table. Which of the following statements compares the radius and pull exerted by the protons of boron and carbon atoms?

Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert less pull.
Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert less pull.

Answers

One is: They can be divided into molecules. 
and
Two is:Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
Answer 1:
The corret option is that they have same properties.
Reason:
According to Dalton atomic theory an element is made from identical atoms having same chemical properties but different physical properties.

Answer:
The correct option is that boronhas a larger radius and the proton in carbon exert a greater pull
Reason:
According to trends in periodic table if move from left to right of periodic table along rows, nuclera charges increse as a result atomic radius decreases. Boron is present in group 3rd A while carbon is present in group 4th A. Thats why boron has has a larger atomic radius and carbon has smaller atomic radius due to greater nuclear charges.

Process by which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane; active transport

Answers

The answer should be Endocytosis

The human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) that causes the disease known as aids selectively infects ________ cells.

Answers

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes the disease known as aids selectively infects helper T cells (CD4+).

This retrovirus also infects macrophages and dendritic cells. When CD4+ T cell numbers decrease below a critical level (due to the killing of this cells with different mechanisms), cell-mediated immunity is lost. As a result, the body becomes progressively more susceptible to infections, leading to the development of AIDS.

 HIV can be transmitted only via body fluids like blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk, which means that people usually get or transmit HIV through sexual behaviours and use of the needle. For HIV infection, these fluids must come in direct contact with a mucous membrane or damaged tissue. Another way is to be directly injected into the bloodstream (from a needle for example).

The lac repressor in bacteria is analogous to _____ in eukaryotes. genes general transcription factors, such as tfiid specific transcription factors the p21 cdk inhibitor

Answers

The answer is transcription factors. They are proteins that bind to promoter regions of genes and promote the binding of polymerase protein for transcription to begin. Some transcription factors are repressors that prevent the binding of the polymerase protein to the promoter region.

Why did researchers think that protein was the genetic material?

Answers

Mostresearchers thought protein was the genetic material because; proteins were macromolecules with great heterogeneity and functional specificity. Little was known about nucleic acids.
Final answer:

Researchers initially believed proteins were the genetic material due to their complexity and diversity, but experiments by Chase and Hershey in 1952 confirmed DNA as the genetic material.

Explanation:

Researchers initially thought that protein was the genetic material because of its abundance, diversity, and complex structure. Proteins, with their wide array of 20 different amino acids, appeared to offer the biological specificity necessary to explain an organism's myriad genetic traits. By contrast, DNA seemed too simple, with only four types of nucleotides, to account for the vast complexity of hereditary information. For many decades, the remarkable structural diversity of proteins led scientists to view them as the more plausible candidates for carrying genetic information. In 1952, decisive experiments by Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey provided confirmatory evidence that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material. Their work with bacteriophages marked a turning point in our understanding, proving that DNA, despite its simplicity, carried the code of life.

Experiments conducted by Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey in 1952 provided confirmatory evidence that DNA was the genetic material and not proteins. Chase and Hershey were studying a bacteriophage, which is a virus that infects bacteria. Viruses typically have a simple structure: a protein coat, called the capsid, and a nucleic acid core that contains the genetic material, either DNA or RNA. The bacteriophage infects the host bacterial cell by attaching to its surface, and then it injects its nucleic acids inside the cell. The phage DNA makes multiple copies of itself using the host machinery, and eventually the host cell bursts, releasing a large number of bacteriophages. Hershey and Chase labeled one batch of phage with radioactive sulfur, ³5S, to label the protein coat. Another batch of phage were labeled with radioactive phosphorus, ³2p. Because phosphorous is found in DNA, but not protein, the DNA and not the protein would be tagged with radioactive phosphorus.

Naphthylamine is a carcinogen compound found in cigarette smoke. it chemical modifies dna, distorting the dna helix. what cellular mechanism would you expect to be involved in fixing dna damaged by naphthylamine

Answers

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Is a jellyfish unicellular or multicellular?

Answers

jellyfish are multicellular

Adipose tissue that surrounds organs in the abdomen is known as

Answers

Adipose tissue that surrounds organs in the abdomen is known as visceral (active) fat.  
Visceral fat is body fat (adipose tissue) that is stored in the abdominal cavity. It is located around important internal organs such as the liver, pancreas and intestines. An excess of visceral fat is called central obesity and it is often linked to diabetes type 2 and insulin resistance.

The pancreatic duct delivers chemicals to what part of the digestive system

Answers

The Chemical digestion which happens in the small intestine is based on the three digestive organs namely the liver,gallbladder and pancreas. The pancreas has exocrine cells secreting buffers and enzymes and produces pancreatic juice containing carbonate ions and would deliver it to the duodenum which is the answer.

Answer:

Pancreatic duct delivers chemicals to duodenum of small intestine.

Explanation:

Pancreatic duct is the complex structure, also called the hepatopancreatic duct. It is formed of pancreatic duct itself along with common bile duct, carrying bile juice from liver, and opens into the lesser curvature of duodenum.

The pancreatic duct delivers pancreatic juice, contains a lot of enzymes like amylase, lipase, DNAase, RNAase, carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase etc and bile juice containing bile salts and cholesterol, with heavy metal ions, and bile pigments etc.

Which of the following comparisons would be an inaccurate analogy between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

A) A eukaryotic cell is like a college campus while prokaryotic cell is like a one-room schoolhouse

B) A eukaryotic cell is like a flip phone while a prokaryotic cell is like a iPhone

C) A eukaryotic cell is like the mall while a prokaryotic cell is like Walmart

D) A eukaryotic cell is like a car while a prokaryotic cell is like a bicycle

Answers

A is the correct answer for this question. 
. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multi-celled, such as you, me, plants, fungi, and insects.
Bacteria are an example of prokaryote.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle. 
the answer is A

What do we call an organized profile of a person's chromosomes?

Answers

I think DNA is the answer

Why is gallbladder positioned so closely to the liver in frog?

Answers

The reason as why gallbladder is being positioned close to the liver is because gallbladder stores the bile being produce in the liver. The bile being secreted in the liver and there are bile salts aiding in the digestion as well as the absorption of fats and this then will be stored temporarily in the gallbladder.
The Gallblader stores the bile produced by the liver.
 The gallbladder is positioned close to the liver in frogs  because it serves as a store of the bile being produced in the liver.The role of the bile is to aid in the breakdown of fats.



PLEASE HELP Can lip print evidence prove that an individual committed a crime can lip print evidence be used to exonerate an individual explain?

Answers

Lip prints are similar to finger prints in a way that they are unique in every individual. 

According to a study that was published in the National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, considering the consistency of lip prints over time and the accurate correlation of indirect prints to direct prints, lip prints can be used as a reliable forensic tool.

However, lip prints alone won't be enough to convict or exonerate a person of interest, as there are other factors to consider, like: circumstantial evidence and others.

Lip print evidence can potentially contribute to proving that an individual committed a crime, or it may be used to exonerate someone, but it cannot conclusively prove guilt or innocence on its own. It's a type of forensic evidence that, like fingerprints, can be unique to an individual and may place a person at a crime scene.

Forensic evidence, such as lip prints, is often part of the puzzle that investigators piece together when solving a crime. Lip prints, known as cheiloscopy, are the pattern of lines on the lips that are unique to each person. Just as fingerprints can be used to identify individuals, lip prints can also serve as a means of identification. However, the presence of someone's lip prints at a crime scene does not, by itself, prove that the person committed the crime. It can suggest that the individual was present, but additional evidence is generally needed to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Similarly, if an individual's lip prints are not found at a crime scene, this might help to exonerate them, but it is not definitive proof of innocence either, as the perpetrator might not have left any lip prints, or they could have been removed or obscured. The use of lip print evidence in court depends on the expert testimony that establishes the relevance and reliability of the method used to obtain and interpret the lip prints.

What two processes of digestion begin in the mouth how do they differ?

Answers

mechanical & chemical: mechanical is when food is chewed chemical is using the saliva in the mouth

The condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome is known as

Answers

Is called Trisomy 13 also called Patau Syndrome

What neurotransmitter systems do methylated amphetamines affect?

Answers

Methamphetamine is neurotoxic to dopaminergic neurons in the human’s midbrain. It increases the amount of the dopamine in the brain and as a result, produces the euphoria feeling that many people experience. It is also indicated that high-dose methamphetamine use can be neurotoxic to serotonin neurons (with the potential of damaging neurons).

Which of the following sentences are correct? (1)for millions of years dinosaurs ruled the earth; they roamed freely over the land and through the oceans. (2)most dinosaurs had amazingly small brains for their size, therefore, they did little more than eat and reproduce. (3)although some dinosaurs were carnivorous, most fed only on plants?

Answers

2 is correct all animals have a similar goal is survive and reproduce 
Final answer:

All sentences asked are grammatically correct once minor punctuation and capitalization errors are fixed. These sentences discuss various aspects of dinosaur life, including their reign on Earth, their brain size relative to body size, and their diets. Fun fact: Modern birds are descendants of theropod dinosaurs.

Explanation:

All three sentences are grammatically correct, but they require minor fixes with punctuation and capitalization. Once corrected, these sentences would look like this:

For millions of years, dinosaurs ruled the Earth; they roamed freely over the land and through the oceans.Most dinosaurs had amazingly small brains for their size; therefore, they did little more than eat and reproduce.Although some dinosaurs were carnivorous, most fed only on plants.

It's worth remembering that dinosaurs were a diverse group of terrestrial reptiles that dominated the Mesozoic era.

Modern birds are actually descendants of theropod dinosaurs.

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Memories that are related to specific life experiences, such as recalling the events of a vacation, are called __________ memories.

Answers

 such type of memory is called
strategic memory

Answer:

Memories that are related to specific life experiences, such as recalling the events of a vacation, are called episodic memories.

Explanation:

Human memory is composed of different types of memory. Episodic memory require recollections of a specific event or an episode for remembering events that occurred during a vacation, People associates particular details with an episodic memory, such as how they felt, the time and place, and other particulars. Thanks to this memory we have the ability to recall and mentally re-experience specific episodes from one's personal past, the individual is able to re-experience individual events. For example people can remember who was on vacation, where it occurred, and their own personal interactions.

What Are Genes?
A. the observable characteristic
B. the expressed trait
C. the basic unit on inheritance
D. the measurable factor

Answers

C. the basic unit on inheritance

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1. Boron is to the immediate left of carbon in the same row in the periodic table. Which of the following statements compares the radius and pull exerted by the protons of boron and carbon atoms?

Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert less pull.
Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert less pull.

2. Which of the following is a compound?

Cl2
H2O
He
H2

Answers

1.) Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert less pull.

2.) H2O is a compound

1. Boron has a smaller radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.

2. H2O

1. Boron and carbon have the same number of electron shells, but boron has one less proton in its nucleus than carbon. This means that boron has a smaller radius than carbon due to a weaker nuclear charge, but carbon has a greater pull exerted by its protons due to a stronger nuclear charge.

2. A compound is a substance that consists of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.

Cl2 and H2 are both molecules, but they are not compounds because they consist of only one element (chlorine and hydrogen, respectively).

He is a noble gas and exists as individual atoms, not as a compound.

Which is the best description of sexual reproduction in plants

Answers

It is not A sexual but is sexual because the plant has to have the pollen and the seed to produce more plants.

Plants reproduce sexually through their flowers. The flowers have both the male and the female organs. Pollens contain the male gametes and the stimage is a long tube connecting to the female organ of ovary that has the female gametes. The pollen grains need to stick to the stigma for the pollination to begin. This can happen in two ways:

a. Self-pollination: When the pollens of the same plant or flower end up on its stigma. This can happen by the force of wind.

b. Cross-pollination: When the pollens of one plant end up on the stigma of the other plant's flower. This happens when insects while visiting a flower get pollen grains stuck on their body and deposit it at the stigma of the other plant's flower when they sit on it.

The best example would be of the Hibiscus and the Yucca plant flower, each of which gets pollinated by insects.

______ vision is the vision that identifies specific objects.

Answers

Final answer:

Objective vision is the ability to identify specific objects through sight, which is enabled by the complex interaction between the eyes and the brain.

Explanation:

Objective vision” is the type of vision that identifies specific objects. Vision is crucial for many aspects of life and is the ability to detect light and see. The eye and the brain play essential roles in this sensory experience, allowing us to see in color, and three dimensions, and focus on various distances. Vision issues like myopia and hyperopia can be corrected with optical lenses or surgery. Animals and humans have evolved complex visual systems that prioritize vital visual information, making vision one of the most important senses. Around one-third of the human cerebral cortex is dedicated to processing visual information, highlighting the significance of vision in our daily lives.

Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. this is the result of radiation's ability to create __________ in human tissue and possible biochemical changes.
a. ionizations
b. radio waves
c. sound waves
d. thermal changes

Answers

This is the result of radiation's ability to create ionizations in human tissue and possible biochemical.  Exposure to any amount of ionizing radiation are always a risk of damage to cells or tissues being exposed. The exposure to radiation may cause cancer and other health problems.  However, the risk of getting cancer from being exposed to small amounts of radiation is minimal. 

Dr. proctor is conducting an experiment to see if hummingbirds will visit red flowers more or less often than they visit yellow ones. what will be the independent variable in dr. proctor's experiment

Answers

The independent variable is the variable that changes and affects the dependent variable. In this case, the independent variable is the COLOR of the FLOWER. The changing variable is the color because you want to see if the hummingbird will go to the yellow or red ones. 

The humming bird in this case is the dependent variable because it cannot be change and it is the one that is affected by the changes of the independent variable. 

Again, the answer is the color of the flower.

Final answer:

The independent variable in Dr. Proctor's experiment is the color of the flowers, specifically whether they are red or yellow.

Explanation:

In Dr. Proctor's experiment, the independent variable is the color of the flowers, specifically whether they are red or yellow. The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable, which is the variable being measured or observed. In this experiment, Dr. Proctor is testing whether hummingbirds will visit red flowers more or less often than yellow flowers, so the color of the flowers is the independent variable.

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