Answer:
Metals are malleable due to the layers of atoms which can move over each other. Ionic crystals are made of rigid lattice structures
Explanation:
The molecular structure of metals consists of metallic ions in a sea of de-localized electrons. The ions are closely packed in a regular arrangement. The layers of ions are held together due to the electrostatic forces between the ions and electrons. The layers of ions are not bonded to each other directly, which allows them to move when force is applied. This is why metals are malleable
Ionic crystals are strongly bonded lattice structures with oppositely charged ions strongly attracted to each other. As the ions are bonded directly to each other, the application of a force has the potential to break existing bonds, making the structure brittle.
A solution is made by mixing 48.0 ml of ethanol, c2h6o, and 52.0 ml of water. assuming ideal behavior, what is the vapor pressure of the solution at 20 °c?
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
A solution is made by mixing 45.0 mL of ethanol, [tex]C_2H_6O[/tex], and 55.0 mL of water. Assuming ideal behavior, what is the vapor pressure of the solution at 20 °C?
Constants @ 20°C:
ethanol = 0.789 g/mL (Density) & 43.9 Torr (Vapor Pressure)
water = 0.998 g/mL (Density) & 17.5 Torr (Vapor Pressure)
Answer: The vapor pressure of the solution at 20°C is 23.4 Torr
Explanation:
To calculate the mass of substance, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}[/tex] ......(1)
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] .....(2)
Mole fraction of a substance is given by:
[tex]\chi_A=\frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}[/tex] ......(3)
For ethanol:Density of ethanol = 0.789 g/mL
Volume of ethanol = 48.0 mL
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]0.789g/mL=\frac{\text{Mass of ethanol}}{48.0mL}\\\\\text{Mass of ethanol}=(0.789g/mL\times 48.0mL)=37.9g[/tex]
Given mass of ethanol = 37.9 g
Molar mass of ethanol = 46 g/mol
Putting values in equation 2, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of ethanol}=\frac{37.9g}{46g/mol}=0.824mol[/tex]
For water:Density of water = 0.998 g/mL
Volume of water = 52.0 mL
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]0.998g/mL=\frac{\text{Mass of water}}{52.0mL}\\\\\text{Mass of water}=(0.998g/mL\times 52.0mL)=51.9g[/tex]
Given mass of water = 51.9 g
Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol
Putting values in equation 2, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of water}=\frac{51.9g}{18g/mol}=2.88mol[/tex]
Calculating the mole fractions by using equation 3:
Mole fraction of ethanol, [tex]\chi_{ethanol}=\frac{n_{ethanol}}{n_{ethanol}+n_{water}}=\frac{0.824}{0.824+2.88}=0.222[/tex]
Mole fraction of water, [tex]\chi_{water}=\frac{n_{water}}{n_{ethanol}+n_{water}}=\frac{2.88}{0.824+2.88}=0.778[/tex]
To calculate the total pressure of the mixture of the gases, we use the equation given by Raoult's law, which is:
[tex]p_T=\sum_{i=1}^n(p_{i}\times \chi_i)[/tex]
[tex]p_T=(p_{ethanol}\times \chi_{ethanol})+(p_{water}\times \chi_{water})[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]p_T=(43.9\times 0.222)+(17.5\times 0.778)\\\\p_T=23.4Torr[/tex]
Hence, the vapor pressure of the solution at 20°C is 23.4 Torr
Which of the following is not a best practice for soil conservation?
Question 1 options:
Mulching—covering the soil with wood chips or other protective cover
Mechanical methods—building structures to improve drainage and decrease erosion
Crop management—changing planting patterns & planting cover crops
Bioresurfacing- increasing land and agriculture usage
how many moles of co2 are produced from 1.0 mol butane c4h10
. Why do carpenters use a screw instead of nails to join two pieces of wood?
Screws have phenomenal tensile strength which is far greater than nails. Screws build a tight adhesion between two pieces of wood.
Nails are used for joints, because even after multiple twists the wood at the joints will remain together when nails are used. But a screw will come off after a single twist, if screws are used to hold wood at the joints.
For any static wood work screws are better than nails because of their tensile strength.
How many minutes make up one week?
A) 7*60^2
B) 7*24*60
C) 7*24*60^2
D) (7*24/60)
PLEASEEE HELP!!!!!!
water has a Ka value of what?
1 x 10-10
1 x 10-13
1 x 10-15
1 x 10-14
Final answer:
The water has a Ka value, more precisely referred to as ionization constant (Kw), of 1.0 × 10^-14 at 25 °C.
Explanation:
The water has a Ka value that is actually known as the ionization constant for water, Kw. The Ka value is a specific term generally used for the acid dissociation constant of substances other than water. For water at 25 °C, the product of the concentrations of the hydrogen ions ([H3O+]) and the hydroxide ions ([OH-]) is 1.0 × 10^-14, so Kw is 1.0 × 10^-14. This means that in pure water, or in a neutral aqueous solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are both 1.0 × 10^-7 M. Therefore, the correct answer to the question 'water has a Ka value of what?' is 1 × 10^-14.
n atom of an element is shown by the model. mc016-1.jpg How is this model useful? It shows how electrons are distributed in the shells of an iron atom. It shows how electrons are distributed in the shells of a cobalt atom. It shows how orbitals are distributed in the shells of an iron atom. It shows how orbitals are distributed in the shells of a cobalt atom.
Atom is the smallest unit of any element which can participate in a chemical reaction. Each atom of any element contains a central nucleus and outer shells
the central nucleus contains positive protons and neutral neturons
The outer part of nucleus has shells. These shells are occupied by electrons.
so the model must be a representation of how electrons are distributed in the shells of an iron atom
A population of Purple Gorillas feeds entirely on plants. But some of these Gorillas are good at digesting Plant A, while others are good at digesting Plant B. Still other Purple Gorillas are good at digesting Plant C. What might be an advantage of a single population of animals, such as the Purple Gorilla, having a very large amount of variability surrounding certain traits? A. There is no evolutionary advantage to this situation. B. It increases the chance that some members of the population will survive under changing environmental conditions. C. It makes it more difficult for poachers to hunt them. D. It makes it less likely that the population will split into different species, when selective pressures are increased.
Answer:
Answer is C
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Write a balanced equation for the thermal dehydration barium chloride
Final answer:
The balanced equation for the thermal dehydration of barium chloride is [tex]\[ BaCl_2 \cdot 2H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{}]{\text{Heat}} BaCl_2 + 2H_2O \uparrow \][/tex]
Explanation:
The thermal dehydration of barium chloride (BaCl₂) involves the removal of water molecules from its hydrated form. Barium chloride commonly exists as a dihydrate, BaCl₂·2H₂O. The balanced chemical equation for the thermal dehydration of barium chloride dihydrate is:
[tex]\[ BaCl_2 \cdot 2H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{}]{\text{Heat}} BaCl_2 + 2H_2O \uparrow \][/tex]
In this equation, the dihydrate on the left side loses two water molecules upon heating, producing anhydrous barium chloride (BaCl₂) and releasing water vapor. The upward arrow indicates the release of water in the form of steam or water vapor.
This process is a common example of thermal decomposition reactions, where a substance breaks down into simpler components upon exposure to heat. Understanding such reactions is crucial in various chemical and industrial processes, providing insights into the behavior of compounds under specific conditions.
What could you make by chopping a copper wire into small pieces?
Consider the balanced equation. 2hcl + mg mgcl2 + h2 if 40.0 g of hcl react with an excess of magnesium metal, what is the theoretical yield of hydrogen? 1.11 g 2.22 g 52.2 g 104 g
The correct answer is option (A). The theoretical yield of hydrogen (H₂) is approximately 1.11 g.
To find the theoretical yield of hydrogen gas (H₂) produced in this reaction, follow these steps:
1. Determine the molar mass of HCl:
- The molar mass of HCl = 1.01 g/mol (for H) + 35.45 g/mol (for Cl) = 36.46 g/mol.
2. Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 40.0 g:
[tex]\text{moles of HCl} = \frac{40.0 \, \text{g}}{36.46 \, \text{g/mol}} = 1.095 \ moles[/tex]
3. Using the stoichiometry of the balanced equation:
For every 2 moles of HCl, 1 mole of H₂ is produced.
Therefore, moles of H₂ produced = [tex]\frac{1.095 \, \text{moles of HCl}}{2} = 0.5475 \ moles \ of \ H_2[/tex].
4. Determine the molar mass of H₂:
- The molar mass of H₂ = 2.016 g/mol.
5. Calculate the theoretical yield of H₂ in grams:
[tex]{mass\ of {H_2}} = 0.5475 \times 2.016 = 1.103824 g[/tex]
6. Round to the nearest gram: - 1.11 g
So, the theoretical yield of hydrogen gas is approximately: A) 1.11 g
The complete question is:
Consider the balanced equation. [tex]2HCl + Mg \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2[/tex] if 40.0 g of HCl react with an excess of magnesium metal, what is the theoretical yield of hydrogen?
A) 1.11 g
B) 2.22 g
C) 52.2 g 1
D) 104 g
A reaction occurs when solid X is placed into solution Y. As a result, the temperature of the new solution increases by 3°C. The temperature rises another 2°C when more of solid X is added to the solution. What does this indicate about the effect of adding more solid? It increased the number of molecular collisions. It decreased the number of molecular collisions. It decreased the space between the molecules and lowered the reaction rate. It increased the space between the molecules and increased the reaction rate
Answer: It increased the number of molecular collisions.
Justification:
The collision theory states the reaction is the result of the collisions between the particles (atoms, ions, or molecules).
The increase of the temperature as solid is added is the result of the reaction of solid X when it is placed into the solution.
Since, the main postulate of the collision theory is that the particles have to collide to react, the amount of particles is a decisive factor of the reaction rate. The raise of the temperature when the solid is added is an evidence of this postulate: more particles → more collisions → more reactions → increase in temperature.
Identify which method of thermal energy transfer would be fastest through a vacuum, which would be fastest through a gas, and which would be fastest through a solid.142
The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation, in gas is convection and in solid is conduction.
There are three modes of heat transfer, they include;
conductionconvection, andradiationThe method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in gas is convection. Heat transfer by convection involves that actual movement of the particles of the fluid. The average distance between gas molecules are large which enables fast and easy transfer of heat through the movement of the molecules.
The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation. Heat transfer by radiation does not require material medium. Vacuum is the best medium for heat transfer by radiation.
The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in solid is conduction. Heat transfer by conduction involves the vibration of the solid particle about their mean position.
Thus, we can conclude that the method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation, in gas is convection and in solid is conduction.
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WHY is there a difference between how an electrolytes and non electrolytes affect collegiative properties? Be specific.
Conservation of Matter states that the reactants have to equal the _______. products enablers 2. Products and reactants in a balanced chemical reaction have the same number of _______ of each element. atoms molecules 3. If the equation on the board had shown 3 atoms of carbon on the reactants side, how many atoms of carbon would need to be represented on the products is
Answer:
1) Conservation of Matter states that the reactants have to equal the products.
2) Products and reactants in a balanced chemical reaction have the same number of atoms of each element.
3) Three (3) atoms of carbon would need to be represented.
Explanation:Number of atoms on the left and on the right side of the balanced chemical reaction is the same, for example: Mg + 2HCl → H₂ + MgCl₂. There are two hydrogen atoms, two chlorine atoms and one magnesium atom on both side of chemical reaction.
1. Conservation of Matter states that the reactants have to equal the products.
2. Products and reactants in a balanced chemical reaction have the same number of atoms of each element.
3. If the equation on the board had shown 3 atoms of carbon on the reactants side, then there would need to be 3 atoms of carbon on the products side.
Conservation of Matter is a law of science that states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. This means that the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must equal the total mass of the products.
Atoms are the basic unit of matter. A molecule is a group of atoms that are bonded together.
In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element is the same on the reactant side and the product side. This is because the law of conservation of matter must be obeyed.
So, if the equation on the board had shown 3 atoms of carbon on the reactants side, then there would need to be 3 atoms of carbon on the products side in order for the equation to be balanced.
Here is an example of a balanced chemical equation:
2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
In this equation, there are 2 hydrogen atoms on the reactant side and 2 hydrogen atoms on the product side. There is also 1 oxygen atom on the reactant side and 1 oxygen atom on the product side. This is a balanced equation because the law of conservation of matter is obeyed.
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A student says that since the atomic theory is just a theory, it should not be considered useful. Which statement best argues against the student’s opinion?
a) scientific theories change over time
b)scientific theories are the results of many experiments and observations
c) scientists often do not agree about specific details of scientific theories
d) scientists often propose competing theories
e) scientific theories do not become scientific laws
Answer:
b
It's the only one that would oppose to the student
Elements with similar properties are located
in the same row on the periodic table
on opposite ends of the periodic table
in the same column of the periodic table
next to each other on the periodic table
Elements with similar properties are located in the same column of the periodic table, as these elements have the same number of valence electrons, which determine their chemical properties.
Explanation:Elements with similar properties are found in the same column of the periodic table. This is due to the fact that elements in the same column (also known as a group) have the same number of electrons in their outermost energy level, also known as valance electrons. These valance electrons determine an element's chemical properties. For example, Group 18 elements, or noble gases, all have a complete set of electrons in their outermost shell, making them extremely stable and unreactive.
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Iron combines with oxygen to form rust. Given the chemical reaction, how many grams of rust would be produced if 3 grams of reactants were consumed? A) 0 grams B) 1 gram C) 3 grams D) 7 grams
Hello!
If 3 grams of reactants were consumed, then C) 3 grams of rust must be produced.
Why?There are two possible chemical reactions between iron and oxygen to form rust:
2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO (Ferrous Oxide)4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃ (Ferric Oxide)These two chemical reactions obey the Law of Conservation of Matter, which states that matter is conserved in a chemical reaction.
So, if there are 3 grams of reactants initially, and they react completely, then 3 grams of rust (either Ferrous Oxide or Ferric Oxide) must be produced for the reaction to obey the Law of Conservation of Matter.
Have a nice day!
Write the balanced ka and kb reactions for hso3– in water. be sure to include the physical states of each species involved in the reaction.
The Ka and Kb reactions for the HSO3- ion in water, acting as an acid and base respectively, are: 1) Ka Reaction: HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + SO3 2-(aq), 2) Kb Reaction: HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → OH-(aq) + H2SO3(aq).
Explanation:The HSO3- ion is amphoteric, meaning it can act as both an acid and a base. The ka and kb reactions for this ion in water would be as follows:
As an acid (Ka Reaction): HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + SO3 2-(aq).As a base (Kb Reaction): HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → OH-(aq) + H2SO3(aq).In the Ka reaction, the bisulfite ion (HSO3-) donates a hydrogen ion (H+) to water, thereby acting as an acid. The resultant ions are hydronium (H3O+) and sulfite (SO3 2-).
In the Kb reaction, the bisulfite ion (HSO3-) accepts a hydrogen ion (H+) from water, thus acting as a base. The resulting species are hydroxide ion (OH-) and sulfurous acid (H2SO3).
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The balanced reactions for [tex]HSO_{3}^{-}[/tex]⁻ in water are [tex]HSO_{3}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]SO^{2-} _{3}[/tex]⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq) for its Ka, and [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex](aq) + OH⁻(aq) for its [tex]k_{b}[/tex]. The equilibrium constant expressions for these reactions are written accordingly. This demonstrates [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex] acting both as an acid and a base.
When (hydrogen sulfite ion) behaves as an acid in water, it donates a proton (H⁺) to form [tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex]and H₃O⁺. The balanced equation for this equilibrium reaction is:
[tex]HSO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex](aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)
The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction ([tex]k_{a}[/tex]) can be written as:
[tex]k_{a}[/tex] = [[tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex]⁻][H₃O⁺] / [[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]]
When [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex] behaves as a base, it accepts a proton (H⁺) from water to form [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] and OH⁻. The balanced equation for this equilibrium reaction is:
[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] (aq) + OH⁻(aq)
The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction ([tex]k_{b}[/tex]) can be written as:
Kb = [[tex]H_{2}SO_{3}[/tex]][[tex]OH_{-}[/tex]] / [[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]]
Presently, earth's atmosphere is dominated by which two gases? hydrogen and helium oxygen and carbon dioxide carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide nitrogen and oxygen
Earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen accounts for about 78% of the atmosphere and oxygen makes up approximately 21%. The rest is made up of argon and trace gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Explanation:Presently, Earth's atmosphere is dominated by nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂). Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere, while oxygen accounts for around 21%. The remaining 1% consists of gases such as argon, with trace amounts of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. These percentages refer to the volume mix in the air at Earth's surface. This is a significant shift from early in the Earth's history, when the atmosphere was dominated by carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen-containing gases. That initial chemical composition changed over time due to processes like photosynthesis, which resulted in the release of oxygen, and the effects of solar ultraviolet light, which caused lighter hydrogen atoms to escape from Earth.
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A chemist dissolves silver nitrate (agno3) in water. he also dissolves ammonium chloride (nh4cl) in water. he mixes the two solutions. a precipitate of silver chloride (agcl) forms. which chemical equation correctly represents this reaction? agno3(s) + nh4cl(s) agcl(s) + nh4no3(s) agno3(aq) + nh4cl(aq) agcl(aq) + nh4no3(aq) agno3(aq) + nh4cl(aq) agcl(s) + nh4no3(aq)
Based on what you read on the Marie Curie and the Science of Radioactivity website, name the scientists who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and describe their contributions that were recognized by the award.
An atom has three full orbitals in its second energy level.
How many electrons are present in the second energy level of the atom?
6
12
3
9
Answer:
6 hope this helps
If we want to produce pure aluminum (Al) using AlCl3 as a reactant, what other reactants should we use?
A. Fe
B. Ni
C. Au
D. Li
considering that silicon is a metalloid, which of the following statements is true
a. silicon's ability to conduct electric current does not vary with temperatures
b. silicon does not conduct electric current under any conditions
c. silicon is a better conductor of electric current than silver is
d. silicon is a better conductor of electric current than sulfur
#1: When you heat an air-filled, sealed can, what happens inside?
A. The collisions of air molecules against the wall of the can are weaker and less frequent.
B. The collisions of air molecules against the wall of the can are stronger and more frequent.
C. The collisions of air molecules against the wall of the can do not change.
**my answer: B
is that correct @aaronq ?
Yes, your answer is correct. Heating an air-filled, sealed can results in stronger and more frequent collisions of air molecules against the wall, leading to an increase in pressure.
When you heat an air-filled, sealed can, the collisions of air molecules against the wall of the can become stronger and more frequent. This is because as the temperature inside the can increases, the air molecules move faster and collide more energetically with the can walls. This increased movement results in a rise in pressure inside the can due to an increased number of collisions and force per collision. This concept is based on the principles of gas pressure and the kinetic molecular theory, which relate temperature, molecular speed, and pressure in a contained gas.
Gas pressure is indeed caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls. An increase in temperature causes the molecules to move faster, leading to more collisions with the walls, which translates into an increase in pressure. Furthermore, the concept that gas pressure can be increased by compressing a gas into a smaller volume explains why a canister feels cold when its gas is released: the surrounding air absorbs the energy from the expanding gas.
If 4.50 l of water vapor at 50.2 °c and 0.121 atm reacts with excess iron, how many grams of iron(iii) oxide will be produced?
When the balanced equation for this reaction is:
2Fe + 3H2O → Fe2O3 + 3H2
and according to the formula for vapor pressure:
PV = nRT
when we have P is the vapor pressure H2O = 0.121 atm
and V is the volume of H2O = 4.5 L
and T in Kelvin = 52.5 +273 = 325.5 K
R = 0.08205 atm-L / g mol-K
So we can get H2O
So, with substitution:
n H2O = PV / RT
= (0.121 * 4.5) / (0.08205 * 325.5) = 0.02038 g/mol
n Fe2O3 = 0.02038 * (1Fe2O3 / 3H2O) = 0.00679 g/mol
Note: we get the ratio (1FeO3 / 3H2O) of the balanced equation.
we can get Fe2O3 Mass from this formula:
Mass = number of moles * molecular weight
we have a molecular weight of Fe2O3 = 159.7
= 0.00679 * 159.7 = 1,084 g
So, 1,084 grams will produce Fe2O3
Further ExplanationThe chemical reaction in the event of chemical change from substances that react (reactants) into substances that result from reactions (products). In chemical reactions, new substances are always produced with new properties. Chemical reactions are written using the element symbol. Let's look at how to express a reaction using symbols.
Material conservation law states that in ordinary chemical reactions no material is lost even though it might change. The number of atoms in reagents must remain the same as those produced, however, they change to form new molecular patterns. If an equation fulfills the conditions, it can be said that the equation is balanced.
Characteristics of Chemical Reactions
When a chemical reaction occurs, there are changes that we can observe. Consider the following characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Chemical Reactions Can Cause Color Change Chemical reactions can form deposits Chemical Reactions Can Cause Changes in Temperature Chemical Reactions Can Cause GasLearn more
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Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
keywords: The chemical reaction
What might cause the percent yield of sodium chloride to be less than 100%? How about when it is more than 100%? o.o
Elaborate on the suitability of "cola" type drinks to polish chrome surfaces. A) The basic pH of cola allows for easy removing of oils. B) The phosphoric acid in cola easily removes dirt and grime. C) The neutral nature of cola allows it to function like water. Eliminate D) The sugar in cola makes it likely to cause the chrome to rust.
please help 30 points please answer all correctly 5 total thank you