explain why sodium (metal) is soft and can be bend, whereas NaCl is hard and brittle.

Explanation:

Molar mass of [tex]CH_{3}SSCH_{3}[/tex] is 94 g/mol. As it is known that number of moles is equal to mass of a substance divided by its molar mass.

Then, calculate the number of moles as follows.

     No. of moles = [tex]\frac{86.0 g}{94 g/mol}[/tex] in 1 s

                           = 0.914 mol

So, in 60 sec number of moles will be equal to 0.914 x 60 = 54.89 mol/min.

Hence, the molar flow rate = 54.89 mol/min

Also, density is equal to mass of a substance divided by its volume.

                    Density = [tex]\frac{mass}{volume}[/tex]

                      Volume = [tex]\frac{mass}{Density}[/tex]

                                     = [tex]\frac{86.0 g}{1.0625 g/cm^{3}}[/tex]

                                     = 80.941 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex]

As, 80.941 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] of volume flows in 1 s . Therefore, flow of volume in 1 hour will be calculated as follows.

                 In 1 hr = 80.941 [tex]cm^{3} \times 3600[/tex]

                            = 291388.24 [tex]cm^{3}/hr[/tex]

Since, 1 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] = 0.001 L.

So,              291388.24 [tex]cm^{3}/hr \times 0.001 L/cm^{3}[/tex]

                            = 291.38824 L/hr

Thus, we can conclude that molar flow rate in mol/min is 54.89 mol/min and the volumetric flow rate in L/hr is 291.38824 L/hr.

Answer:

The volume of a chlorine solution a homeowner should add to her swimming pool is [tex]4.480\times 10^3 mL[/tex].

Explanation:

The solution contains 5.50 percent chlorine by mass.

Mass of the chlorine required to added in the pool= x

Mass of the water in the pool = y

Volume of the water ,V= [tex]6.52\times 10^4 gal=2.464\times 10^5 L[/tex]

(1 gal = 3.78 L)

V = [tex]2.464\times 10^5 L=2.464\times 10^8 mL[/tex]

( 1 L = 1000 mL)

Density of the water ,d= 1.00 g/mL

[tex]y=d\times V=1.00 g/mL\times 2.464\times 10^8 mL=2.464\times 10^8 g[/tex]

y = [tex]2.464\times 10^8 g[/tex]

1.00 g of chlorine per million grams of water .

Then for  [tex]2.464\times 10^8 g[/tex] of water, we required x amount of chlorine:

[tex]z=\frac{2.464\times 10^8 g}{10^6 g}=246.4 g[/tex]

x = 246.4 grams of chlorine

Mass of the chlorine solution = M'

[tex](w/w)\%=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}}\times 100[/tex]

[tex]5.5\%=\frac{z}{M'}\times 100[/tex]

[tex]M'=\frac{246.4}{5.5}\times 100=4,480 g[/tex]

Density of the chlorine solution = D = 1 g/mL

Volume of the chlorine solution to be added in the pool : v

[tex]v=D\times M'=1 g/mL\times 4,480 g=4480 mL[/tex]

[tex]v=4.480\times 10^3 mL[/tex]

The volume of a chlorine solution a homeowner should add to her swimming pool is [tex]4.480\times 10^3 mL[/tex].

Answer:

4.45 L

Explanation:

The concentration of chlorine in the pool must be 1.00g/10⁶g, and the solution has 5.50g/100g, so it will be diluted in the pool.

The product of the concentration by the volume is always constant in a solution, thus, we can use the equation:

C1V1 = C2V2

Where C is the concentration, V is the volume, 1 represents the solution, and 2 the pool. So, C1 = 5.50g/100g, C2 = 1.00g/10⁶g, V2 = 6.52x10⁴ gal = 247108 L. Thus,

(5.50/100)*V1 = (1.00/10⁶)*247108

0.055V1 = 0.247108

V1 = 4.5 L

Answer:

The correct option is: a) 2 U.S. pounds;

B) 1.672622×10⁻²⁷ kg

Explanation

Pound is a United States customary unit for mass and is abbreviated as lb. One pound is defined as being equal to 0.45359237 kilograms (kg), exactly.

Kilogram is the SI unit of mass and is abbreviated as kg.

Since, 1 lb = 0.45359237 kg  

Therefore, 1 kg = 1 ÷ 0.45359237 lb ≈ 2.20462 lb

Therefore, we can say that 1 kilogram is slightly more than 2 pounds.

A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle, that possesses +1e electric charge and has mass approximately equal to 1.672622×10⁻²⁷ kg.

Answer:

The correct option is: a. degrees Celsius

Explanation:

The anion gap is the difference in the cations and anions in plasma, serum or urine, calculated from medical lab test results. It can be calculated by measuring the concentration of the anions or cations, which are expressed in millimoles/litre (mmol/L) or milliequivalents/liter (mEq/L).

The temperature in this test is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

Explanation:

The chemical reaction is as follows.

            [tex]CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + 2H_{2}O[/tex]

It is given that 2094 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex]. And, it is known that 1 [tex]m^{3}/s[/tex] = 127133 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex]

Hence, convert 2094 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex] into [tex]m^{3}/s[/tex] as follows.

                [tex]\frac{2094 ft^{3}/hr}{127133 ft^{3}/hr} \times 1 m^{3}/s[/tex]

                  = [tex]0.0165 m^{3}/s[/tex]

As ideal gas equation is PV = nRT. So, calculate the number of moles as follows.

                   n = [tex]\frac{PV}{RT}[/tex]

                      = [tex]\frac{1 atm \times 0.0165 m^{3}}{0.0821 \times 298 K}[/tex]

                       = 0.673 mol/sec

According to the stoichiometry of the given reaction, 1 mol of methane reacts with 2 mol of oxygen.

So, 1 mol [tex]CH_{4}[/tex] = 2 mol [tex]O_{2}[\tex]

Hence, [tex]O_{2}[\tex] required theoretically = [tex]2 \times 0.673 mol/s[/tex] = 1.346 mol/s

Hence, air required theoretically = [tex]\frac{1.346}{0.21}[/tex] = 6.4095 mol/s.

Since, 6% of excess air is being supplied. Therefore, total air supplied will be calculated as follows.

                Total air supplied = [tex]6.4095 mol/s [1 + \frac{6}{100}][/tex]

                                              = 6.794 mol/s

Now, calculate the volume using ideal gas law equation as follows.

                            PV = nRT

           [tex]1 atm \times V = 6.794 mol/s \times 8.21 \times 10^{-5} Latm/K mol \6 times 298 K[/tex]

                           V = 0.166229 [tex]m^{3}/s[/tex]

Converting calculated volume into [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex] as follows.

                  1 [tex]m^{3}/s[/tex] = 127133 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex]

So,        0.166229 [tex]m^{3}/s[/tex] = [tex]0.166229 m^{3}/s \times 127133 \frac{ft^{3}/hr}{1 m^{3}/s}[/tex]  

                                        = 21133.191 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that 21133.191 [tex]ft^{3}/hr[/tex] of air are drawn from outside  per hour by the fan that supplies the air.

Answer:

You can use a thermal analysis called Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

Explanation:

The glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) are thermal properties of substances, such as polymers. You can determine them with a very low sample quantity by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

In DSC, there are two aluminium pans. In one pan, you put the sample, and the other pan is empty because is the reference pan. The pans are placed in a chamber of a DSC calorimeter and they are heated at a temperature range you select at a given speed (usually in ºC/min). The system register the difference of heat between the pans (sample pan and reference pan) and it shows you a plot of heat flow (in J/s) vs temperature.                                                                      

Tg is commonly detected as a step in the plot

Tm is usually an endothermic peak (upwards in the plot), because is a process in which heat is absorbed.

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under quasi-isothermal conditions is utilized to accurately determine the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of a polymer, reflecting its chain interactions and molecular weight.

Determining Glass Transition and Melting Temperature

To easily and accurately determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) of a polymer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is the most commonly used technique. The glass transition is a measure of the change in the polymer's heat capacity (Cp) as it crosses certain heat energy thresholds, and it can be more accurately determined under quasi-isothermal conditions as these conditions produce precise Cp measurements as a function of time. When a polymer is heated to its Tg, it enters a molten state, and upon cooling, becomes brittle. If the heating continues beyond Tg, the polymer will soften, allowing it to be molded or deformed.

The glass transition temperature can also provide insight into a polymer's chain length and structure, as it reflects the number of van der Waals or entangling chain interactions. Additionally, the molecular weight of a polymer influences Tg, typically following the Flory-Fox equation. The melting temperature (Tm) is the temperature at which a polymer transitions from a crystalline to a molten state and is detectable as a peak on a DSC trace above Tg.

Overall, by using DSC and applying quasi-isothermal steps across the apparent glass transition range, we can observe changing Cp rates that indicate the exact Tg range. Similarly, for Tm, we can detect the transition between crystalline and molten states as the temperature rises above Tg.

Answer:

the price of the new computer was [tex]\$ 731.34[/tex]

Explanation:

let's assume that the price of the computer was [tex]\$ x[/tex] when it was new.

As price depreciates at a rate of 15% therefore we can mathematically express this situation when the computer is 5 yrs old as-

              [tex]x\times (1-0.15)^{5}=324.50[/tex]

            or,   [tex]x\times (0.85)^{5}=324.50[/tex]

            or, [tex]x=\frac{324.50}{(0.85)^{5}}[/tex]

             or, [tex]x=731.34[/tex]

So, the price of the new computer was [tex]\$ 731.34[/tex]

The answer is unknown

To calculate the mass of iodine solid that participates in a chemical reaction, multiply the number of moles of iodine by its molar mass.

To calculate the mass of iodine solid that participates in a chemical reaction, we need to use the concept of moles and the molar mass of iodine. Given that 0.0200 moles of iodine solid participate in the reaction, we can convert moles to grams by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of iodine. The molar mass of iodine (I2) is 253.8 grams per mole. Multiplying 0.0200 moles by 253.8 grams/mole gives us a mass of 5.08 grams of iodine solid that participates in the chemical reaction.

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Answer:

a) 21.133 minutes for series

b) 84.54 minutes when split into 4

Explanation:

Data provided:

Total flow, V₀ = 45 MGD

total volume of each basin, V = 2500 m³

Now,

1 MGD = 3785.4118 m³/day

also,

1 day = 1440 minutes

thus,

45 MGD =  45 × 3785.4118 m³/day

or

45 MGD = 170343.5305 m³/day

and,

170343.5305 m³/day  in 'm³/min'

= 170343.5305 / 1440

= 118.2941 m³/min.

Therefore,

The retention time, t = [tex]\frac{\textup{Volume of tank}}{\textup{Volumetric Flowrate }}[/tex]

or

The retention time, t = [tex]\frac{\textup{2500}}{\textup{118.2941 }}[/tex]

or

The retention time, t = 21.13 min

Hence,

for series of tanks the retention time is 21.133 min.

Now,

on splitting the tanks in 4

the volumetric flow rate will be

= [tex]\frac{\textup{118.2941}}{\textup{4}}[/tex]

= 29.57 m³/min.

Therefore,

The retention time = [tex]\frac{\textup{Total Volume of tank}}{\textup{Volumetric Flowrate }}[/tex]

or

The retention time, t = [tex]\frac{\textup{2500}}{\textup{29.57 }}[/tex]

or

The retention time, t = 84.54 min

Answer:

Raoult's law is not a good approximation when the compound is very dilute in the liquid phase.

Explanation:

Thermodynamics defines ideal mixture as a mixture in which all the molecules of the different species involved are so similar between each other that intermolecular forces between different molecules are the same to those of similar molecules. Thus, Raoult's law takes this definition and stablish that when a compound is highly concentrated in the solution behaves as if it is in a pure solution.

Also, the Raoult's law stablish that the partial pressure ([tex]P_{i}[/tex]) of every component in an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the pressure of the pure component ([tex]P_{i}^{*}[/tex]) multiplicated by the molar fraction in the solution of that component ([tex]x_{i}[/tex])

[tex]P_{i} = P_{i}^{*}. x_{i}[/tex]

The answer "When the compound has a high mole fraction in the liquid phase" is wrong because this is the case that follows the Raoult's law. And the answer "When the compound has a high mole fraction in the vapor phase." talks about the fraction in the vapor, and Raoult's law use the molar fraction in the solution.

Answer: In the reaction rate law the rate is expressed in terms of concentrations of species. It is important to know how much time a reaction will take to complete itself. It depends on some factors. Temperature, concentration of component, catalyst and pressure. On increasing these factors the rate of reaction of a respective reaction increases. It doesn't depends upon reactor type.

Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

                 [tex]mass_{1}[/tex] = 5 g,        [tex]Volume_{1}[/tex] = 1 L

                 [tex]mass_{2}[/tex] = 1 g,         [tex]Volume_{1}[/tex] = ?

No. of moles of helium present in 5 g helium gas are as follows.

                   No. of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{\text{molar mass}}[/tex]

                                         = [tex]\frac{5 g}{4 g/mol}[/tex]  

                                         = 1.25 mol

No. of moles of helium present in 1 g helium gas are as follows.

                 No. of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{\text{molar mass}}[/tex]

                                         = [tex]\frac{1 g}{4 g/mol}[/tex]  

                                         = 0.25 mol

According to the ideal gas equation, PV = nRT. And, since temperature and pressure are held constant. Therefore,

                      [tex]\frac{V_{1}}{n_{1}} = \frac{V_{2}}{n_{2}}[/tex]

                      [tex]\frac{1 L}{1.25 mol} = \frac{V_{2}}{0.25 mol}[/tex]

                             [tex]V_{2}[/tex] = 0.2 L

Thus, we can conclude that the new volume of the balloon is 0.2 L.

The final volume of the balloon after adding 5.00 g of helium to the already present 1.00 g of helium, under constant temperature and pressure, is 6.00 L.

The subject of your question pertains to the ideal gas law which is represented by the formula PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R refers to the gas constant, and T is temperature. Since the question states that there is no change in temperature or pressure, you can use Avogadro's law which states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain an equal number of molecules.

In your problem, you are adding more helium to the balloon. Therefore, the volume of the balloon will increase proportionally. Since the initial volume of 1.00 L corresponds to 1.00 g of Helium, 5.00 g of Helium will correspond to 5.00 L. This is because the amount of Helium has increased by a factor of 5, and thus, the volume will also increase by a factor of 5.

Therefore, the final volume of the balloon will be the sum of the initial volume and the increase, which equals 1.00 L + 5.00 L = 6.00 L.

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Answer:

8.83 moles of Hydrogen

Explanation:

We are told that 1.92 moles of H2 occupies 22.2 L at a certain pressure and temperature, and we are asked to calculate the quantity of moles of H2 are necessary to fill a container of 102.1 L. So, if the pressure and temperature are constant, then the equality expressed before 1.92 H2 moles = 22.2 L maintains. Therefore, we can calculate what is being asked as follows:

22.2 L ----- 1.92 H2 moles

102.1 L ---- x = (102.1 L × 1.92 H2 moles)/22.2 L = 8.83 H2 moles

This means that 8.83 H2 moles are necessary to fill a 102.1 L container at a certain pressure and temperature.

Answer:

The energy transferred between samples of matter because of a difference in their temperatures is called a. heat.

Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics establishes that when two bodies with different temperatures are put in contact they will find thermic equilibrium to a final temperature by transferring heat. Thus the correct answer is (a).

Thermochemistry is the study of the transformations of heat energy on the chemical reactions. Chemical kinetics is the study of the rate of chemical reactions. And temperature is the measure of the heat.

Answer:

12 mL

Explanation:

Density is expressed as mass divided by volume, so the expression can be rearranged to solve for volume:

D = m/V ⇒ V = m/D

V = m/D = (8.410 g)/(0.71g/mL) = 12 mL

Final answer:

The volume of a substance with a mass of 8,410 g and a density of 0.71 g/mL is 12,000 mL, rounded to two significant figures to match the precision of the given density.

Explanation:

To calculate the volume of a substance, you can use the density formula: Density = Mass / Volume. Given the density of the substance is 0.71 g/mL and the mass is 8,410 g, the volume can be found by rearranging the formula to Volume = Mass / Density.

Volume = 8,410 g / 0.71 g/mL = 11,845.07042 mL. This raw calculation has more significant figures than is justified by the precision of the given data. Since the density value has two significant figures, the volume should also be reported with two significant figures, resulting in 12,000 mL.

Answer : The mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate needed are, 36.969 grams.

Explanation : Given,

Moles of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate = 0.150 mole

Molar mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate = 246.46 g/mole

Formula used :

[tex]\text{Mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate}=\text{Moles of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate}\times {\text{Molar mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate}[/tex]

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get:

[tex]\text{Mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate}=0.150mole\times 246.46g/mole[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate}=36.969g[/tex]

Therefore, the mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate needed are, 36.969 grams.

To obtain 0.150 moles of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, you will need 36.969 grams.

To determine the weight needed to obtain 0.150 moles of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO₄·7H₂O), you can use the molar mass and the number of moles given.

Mass = Number of Moles x Molar Mass

Substitute the values into the formula:

Mass = 0.150 moles x 246.46 g/mol

Mass = 36.969 g

Therefore, to obtain 0.150 moles of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, you need 36.969 grams.

Explanation:

According to the Le Chatelier's principle, any disturbance caused in an equilibrium reaction will shift the direction of equilibrium where there is less stress or disturbance.

For example, [tex]A + B \rightleftharpoons C + D[/tex]

So, when we increase the concentration of D in this reaction then disturbance will increase on the product side.

And, frequency of successful collisions between the reactant atoms will decrease. Hence, there will be less stress on reactant side.

As a result, equilibrium will shift in the backward direction that is, on the reactant side it will shift.

Answer:

pH = 5,22

Explanation:

A buffer consist in a solution with both conjugate acid (HA) and conjugate base (A⁻). To know the concentration of both A⁻ and HA you use Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pka + log₁₀ [tex]\frac{A^{-} }{HA}[/tex]

In the problem:

5,23 = 5,14 + log₁₀ [tex]\frac{A^{-} }{HA}[/tex]

1,23 = [tex]\frac{A^{-} }{HA}[/tex] (1)

Also, you know buffer concentration is 1,0 M:

1,0 M = A⁻ + HA (2)

Replacing (2) in (1):

HA = 0,45 M, thus:

A⁻ = 0,55 M.

The addition of 1.50 mL of 5.00 M HCl represents a concentration of:

1,50x10⁻³ L×[tex]\frac{5,00 mol}{L}[/tex] ÷ 0,5 L = 0,015 M of HCl

The buffer equilibrium is:

HA ⇄ A⁻ + H⁺ ka = [tex]10^{-5,14}[/tex]

The concentrations in equilibrium are:

[HA] = 0,45 M + x

[A⁻] = 0,55 M - x

[H⁺] = 0,015 M -x

Because the equilibrium is displaced to the left.

The equation of equilibrium is:

[tex]10^{5,14}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{[0,015M -x][0,55M-x]}{[0,45M-x]}[/tex]

You will obtain:

x² - 0,565x + 8,24674x10⁻³ = 0

Solving:

x = 0,5500061 ⇒ No physical sense

x = 0,01499391

Thus, [H⁺] = 0,015 - 0,01499391 = 6,09x10⁻⁶

As pH = -log₁₀ [H⁺]

pH = 5,22

I hope it helps!

Answer:

The strong acid reacts with the weak base in the buffer to form a weak acid, which produces few H+ ions in solution and therefore only a little change in pH.

Explanation:

When a strong acid is added to the buffer, the acid dissociates and furnish hydrogen ions which combine with the conjugate of the weak acid, forming weak acid. The weak acid dissociates to only some extent and can furnish only some protons and there is no significant change in the pH.

Hence, option B is correct.

In a buffer, a strong acid reacts with the weak base to form a weak acid, yielding fewer H+ ions, so only a slight change in pH is noted. Buffer solutions, including weak conjugate acid-base pairs, resist pH changes. However, the buffering ability may be disrupted if large amounts of acid or base are added, a concept known as buffer capacity.

A buffer essentially resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to the solution. This is due to the presence of a weak conjugate acid-base pair. In the buffer, a strong acid will react with the weak base to form a weak acid, thus producing fewer H+ ions. This, in essence, leads to only a slight change in pH.

A typical example of a buffer might include a solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate. This buffer consists of a weak acid and its salt. Similarly, a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride could serve as a buffer consisting of a weak base and its salt.

It's crucial to note, however, that buffers do not have infinite capacity to resist pH changes. This is known as the buffer capacity. If a large amount of acid or base is added to the buffer solution, potentially lowering the concentration of the conjugate acid or base pair, the ability of the buffer to regulate pH may be disrupted.

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Answer:

(a) Yes, he should be worried. The Fatal accident rate (FAR) is too high according to standars of the industry. This chemical plant has a FAR of 167, where in average chemical plants the FAR is about 4.

(b) FAR=167 and Death poer person per year = 0.0033 deaths/year.

(c) The expected number of fatalities on a average chemical plant are one in 12500 years.

Explanation:

Asumming 50 weeks of work, with 40 hours/week, we have 2000 work hours a year.

In 300 years we have 600,000 hours.

With these estimations, we have (1/600,000)=1.67*10^(-6) deaths/hour.

If we have 2000 work hours a year, it is expected 0.0033 deaths/year.

[tex]1.67*10^{-6} \frac{deaths}{hour}*2000 \frac{hours}{year}=0.0033 deaths/year[/tex]

The Fatal accident rate (FAR) can be expressed as the expected number of fatalities in 100 millions hours (10^(8) hours).

In these case we have calculated 1.67*10^(-6) deaths/hour, so we can estimate FAR as:

[tex]FAR=1.67*10^{-6} \frac{deaths}{hour}*10^{8}  hours=1.67*10^{2} =167[/tex]

A FAR of 167 is very high compared to the typical chemical plants (FAR=4), so the worker has reasons to be worried.

If we assume FAR=4, as in an average chemical plant, we expect

[tex]4\frac{deaths}{10^{8} hour} *2000\frac{hours}{year}=8*10^{-5} \frac{deaths}{year}[/tex]

This is equivalent to say

[tex]\frac{1}{8*10^{-5} } \frac{years}{death}=1.25*10^{4} \frac{years}{death} =12500 \, \frac{years}{death}[/tex]

The expected number of fatalities on a average chemical plant are one in 12500 years.

Answer:

The pressure in the vessel is 13,3 atm.

Explanation:

The reaction that occurs in vessel (where limestone is 96% of CaCO₃) is:

2 HCl (aq)+ CaCO₃ (s) → CaCl₂(aq)+ H₂O(l)+ CO₂(g)

The increase in the pressure of the vessel after the reaction is by formation of a gas (CO₂). So we have to find the produced moles of this gas and apply the gas ideal law to find the pressure.

We have to find the limit reactant, to do so, we have to calculate the moles of each reactant in the reaction, the one that have the less moles will be the limit reactant:

HCl:

1,0L × (35/100) × (1000 cm³/1L) × (1,28 g/ 1cm³) × (1mol HCl/ 36,46 g) ÷ 2mol

(Concentration)      (L to cm³)         (cm³ to g)      (g to mol)  (moles of reaction)

moles of HCl= 6,14 mol

CaCo₃:

   1,0 kg     ×       (96/100)                ×   (1000 g/1kg) × (1 mol/100,09g)

(Limestone) (CaCo₃ in limestone)          (kg to g)            (g to mol)

moles of CaCo₃= 9,59 mol

So, reactant limit is HCl

This reaction have a yield of 97%. So, the CO₂ moles are:

6,14 mol × 97÷ = 5,96 mol CO₂

The ideal gas formula to obtain pressure is:

P = nRT/V

Where: n = 5,96mol; R= 0,082 atm×L/mol×K; T = 273,15 (until STP conditions) and V= 10,0 L

Replacing this values in the equation the pressure is

P = 13,3 atm

I hope it helps!

Answer:

Amount of Carbon dioxide equals 4.49625 grams.

Explanation:

From the basic stichometric reaction between carbon and oxygen we know that 1 mole of carbon combines with 1 mole of oxygen to form 1 mole of carbon dioxide.

Thus we can say that 12 grams of carbon combines with 32 grams of oxygen to form 44 grams of carbon dioxide.

In the given question assuming that there is no limited supply of carbon we can find the find the amount of carbon dioxide formed from 3.27 grams of Oxygen using ratio and proportion method.

As we can see that 32 grams of oxygen form 44 grams of carbon dioxide thus we can say 1 gram of oxygen yields [tex]\frac{44}{32}grams[/tex] Carbon Dioxide

Thus the carbon dioxide formed by 3.27 grams of Oxygen equals

[tex]3.27\times \frac{44}{32}=4.49625grams[/tex]

Answer : The correct answer is, [tex]0.274\times 10^{12}[/tex]

Explanation :

Engineering notation : It is the representation of expressing the numbers that are too big or too small and are represented in the decimal form times 10 raise to the power.  It is similar to the scientific notation but in engineering notation, the powers of ten are always multiples of 3.

The engineering notation written in the form:

[tex]a\times 10^b[/tex]

where,

a = the number which is greater than 0 and less than 999

b = an integer multiple of 3

For example : [tex]45.89\times 10^3[/tex]  or [tex]56.45\times 10^{-6}[/tex]

If the decimal is shifting to right side, the power of 10 is negative and if the decimal is shifting to left side, the power of 10 is positive.

As we are given the 274,541,005,000 in standard notation.

Now converting this into engineering notation, we get:

[tex]\Rightarrow 274,541,005,000=0.274\times 10^{12}[/tex]

As, the decimal point is shifting to left side, thus the power of 10 is positive.

Hence, the correct answer is, [tex]0.274\times 10^{12}[/tex]

Final answer:

To write 274,541,005,000 in Engineering Notation with 3 significant figures, we need to move the decimal point so that we have a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. The number becomes 2.75 × 10¹¹.

Explanation:

Engineering Notation is a way of expressing numbers in scientific notation but with the power of 10 always being a multiple of 3. To write 274,541,005,000 in Engineering Notation with 3 significant figures, we need to move the decimal point so that we have a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. The number becomes 2.75 × 10¹¹.

Answer:

c) 3.41 atm

Explanation:

We can calculate the final pressure using Boyles Law, P₁V₁ = P₂V₂.

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

(0.983 atm)(10.0 L) = P₂(2.88 L)

9.83 ÷ 2.88 = P₂

P₂ = 3.41 atm

The final pressure can be determined by using Boyles law and will be 3.41 atm.

The force delivered perpendicularly to a surface of the structure per unit area throughout whom that force would be dispersed is known as pressure.

According to Boyle's law, the relationship between a gas's pressure as well as volume seems to be inverse.

Given data:

[tex]P_{1} = 0.983 atm\\V_{1} = 10 L\\V_{2} = 2.88 L[/tex]

Calculation of pressure.

The formula of Boyles law:

[tex]P_{1} V_{1} = P_{2} V_{2}[/tex]

Put the value of given data:

[tex](0.983) (10 ) = P_{2} (2.88)\\P_{2} = 3.41 atm[/tex]

Therefore, the final pressure will be 3.41 atm.

To know more about Boyle's law and pressure

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Answer:

Its A

Explanation:

Its A

The correct answer is B. A gas is formed

Explanation:

In chemistry, changes in substances or elements occur as a product of chemical reactions in which a substance reacts with others or decomposes. In any of these cases, the original substance or element changes into new or new substances, which does not occur in physical changes. This change in composition can be identified through different changes and signals that include a change in odor, color or temperature; the production of bubbles or gas; and the formation of a precipitate. According to this, the situation that is an indication of a chemical change is the formation of a gas, because only if the original substance has changed there would be a new substance such as a gas.

Answer:

The number of moles of calcium phosphate is 0.0485 mol. The mass is 15.1 g.

Explanation:

The balanced equation is:

[tex]3 Ca(OH)_{2} + 2 H_{3}PO_{4} => Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} + 6H_{2}O[/tex]

As we can see, 3 moles of calcium hidroxide produced 1 mol of calcium phosphate. So the quantity of moles of Calcium posphate is:

[tex]10.8g Ca(OH)_{2}*\frac{1 molCa(OH)_{2}}{74.093gCa(OH)_{2}} *\frac{1mol Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}}{3molCa(OH)_{2}} =0.0485 molCa_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} [/tex]

The mass of calcium phosphate in grams is:

[tex]0.0485 molCa_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}*\frac{310.176g}{mol} =15.1 g[/tex]

Answer:

Explanation has been given below

Explanation:

A cis-1,3-disubstituted cyclohexane is more stable than its trans isomer due to lower steric hindrance in the cis configuration as compared to the trans.

A cis-1,3-disubstituted cyclohexane is more stable than its trans isomer because of a property known as steric hindrance. In organic chemistry, steric hindrance is a phenomenon where the size of groups within a molecule prevents chemical reactions from taking place. In a cis isomer, the substituents are on the same side of the ring, specifically on the ring's axial position. This arrangement minimizes the steric hindrance, which makes it more stable. On the other hand, the trans isomer has the substituents on opposite sides of the ring, causing more steric hindrance and thus it is less stable.

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Final answer:

One photon of microwave radiation with a wavelength of 0.122m has an energy of approximately 1.63 x 10⁻²⁴ joules, calculated using Planck's equation (E=hc/λ).

Explanation:

The energy of a photon can be calculated using the equation E = hc/λ, where E is the energy of the photon in joules, h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s), c is the speed of light in a vacuum (3.00 x 10⁸ m/s), and λ is the wavelength of the photon in meters. Using the given wavelength of 0.122 meters for the microwave radiation, we can calculate the energy of one photon by substituting the values into the equation:

E = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s)(3.00 x 10⁸ m/s) / 0.122 m

E = 1.63 x 10⁻²⁴ Joules per photon. Therefore, one photon of microwave radiation with a wavelength of 0.122m has an energy of approximately 1.63 x 10⁻²⁴ joules.

Answer: b. accepts [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from acids

Explanation:

According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions [tex](OH^-)[/tex] when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydronium ions [tex](H_3O^+)[/tex] in water.

According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates [tex]H^+[/tex] ions and a base is defined as a substance which accepts [tex]H^+[/tex] ions.

[tex]NH_3+H_2O\rightarrow NH_4^++OH^-[/tex]

Here water is donating [tex]H^+[/tex] ions, and thus act as acid and ammoia [tex]NH_3[/tex] is accepting [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from water and thus is a base.

According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.

Thus base is a substance which accepts  [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from acids.