Why might someone choose to use U-238 over C-14 to determine the age of a specimen?
The half life of C-14 is 5700 years and that of U-238 is 4.5 billion years. So U-238 can be used to determine the age of ancient objects. U-238 is used to date the age of the Earth. U-238 is found in volcanic rocks but not in fossils. Fossils contain C-14 only. C-14 is used to date fossils of recent age.
If a sample of a certain solution is determined to have a [h3o+][h3o+] concentration of 4.91×10−44.91×10−4 moles/liter, what is its ph? round off your answer to one decimal place.
The energy stored in the motion or vibration of molecules in a substance is a definition for
A. heat.
B. work.
C. radioactivity.
D. electromagnetism.
HEEELLLPPP PPLEEAASSEE
Which statement best describes a battery?
Identical cells are arranged in the same orientation to increase the energy output.
Identical cells are arranged in opposite orientations to reverse the half reactions.
Different cells are arranged in the same orientation to increase the energy output.
Different cells are arranged in opposite orientations to reverse the half reactions.
OXIDATION UNIT TEST
1. Which statement best explains why magnesium and chlorine combine in a 1:2 ratio?
A. Magnesium has two valence electrons, and chlorine can accept one electron in its outer shell
2. Hydrogen and nitrogen combine to form ammonia. When nitrogen and hydrogen bond, nitrogen pulls the electrons from hydrogen toward itself. Which statement about the reactants is correct?
C. Hydrogen is oxidized, and nitrogen is reduced.
3. C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O + energy
Which type of reaction is shown?
C. combustion
4. Which phrase best defines a redox reaction?
D. a reaction in which electrons are transferred between different atoms
5. Which statement describes the process of oxidation?
D. Oxidation results in a loss of electrons, so the oxidation number increases.
6. Which chemical equation represents a redox reaction?
D. Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s) → Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(l)
7. Which statement correctly describes the oxidation number of the manganese atom (Mn) in MnI2 and MnO2?
A. Manganese has an oxidation number of +2 in MnI2 and +4 in MnO2.
8. Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) → I2(s) + 2NaBr(aq)
Which elements are oxidized and reduced in the reaction?
D. Iodine (I) is oxidized, and bromine (Br) is reduced.
9. Which action occurs at an electrode of a galvanic cell?
D. electron transfer
10. Which statement best compares a battery and a galvanic cell?
A. A battery’s source of power is a galvanic cell in which a redox reaction produces electrical energy.
11. Zn + 2H+ → Zn2+ + H2
2Al + 3Cu2+ → 2Al3+ + 3Cu
Which elements are oxidized?
A. zinc (Zn) and aluminum (Al)
12. 2Cr(s) + 3Cu2+(aq) → 2Cr3+(aq) + 3Cu(s)
Which half reaction occurs at the cathode?
B. 3Cu2+(aq) + 6e– → 3Cu(s)
13. Written
14. Written
15. Written
I hope this helps!
A battery can be described as identical cells arranged in the same orientation to increase energy output. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is a battery?Batteries are used in various electronic devices as a source of power. A battery can be described as an electronic device that is needed for storing chemical energy and transforming it into an electrical one.
The battery is an important device that helps electronic devices to work seamlessly and stores chemical energy, It provides electrical energy to many devices to work.
An electrochemical cell helps in the functioning of the battery. A battery may consist of only one or many electrochemical cells. The chemical reaction occurring inside the cell produces electrons at one electrode. These electrons start moving and produce electricity.
The identical cells in a battery are arranged in the same orientation to increase the energy output.
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How many hydroxide ions are needed to completely neutralize 1.0 liter of 0.50 m hcl?
To neutralize 1.0 liter of 0.50 M HCl, you need 3.011 × 10²³ of hydroxide (OH⁻) ions.
To determine how many hydroxide ions are needed to completely neutralize 1.0 liter of 0.50 M HCl, follow a simple stoichiometry process:
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is:HCl + OH⁻ → H₂O + Cl⁻
Given:
Volume of HCl solution = 1.0 literMolarity of HCl solution = 0.50 MFirst, calculate the moles of HCl in the solution:
Moles of HCl = Molarity × Volume = 0.50M × 1.0L = 0.50moles
Since each mole of HCl provides one mole of H⁺ ions, there are 0.50 moles of H⁺ ions.
To completely neutralize these H⁺ ions, we need an equal number of OH⁻ ions:
Moles of OH⁻ needed = 0.50 molesSince 1 mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of entities (ions, molecules, etc.), which is approximately 6.022 x 10²³ entities per mole, we can convert moles of OH⁻ to number of ions:
Number of OH⁻ ions = 0.50moles x 6.022 x 10²³ ions/mole = 3.011 x 10²³
Which must be the same when comparing 1 mol of oxygen, O2, with 1 mol of carbon monoxide has, CO?
What will be the effect on the amount of gas produced if the experiment is repeated using 0.35g of k?
The effect on the amount of gas produced if the experiment is repeated using 0.35g of potassium is that less amount of hydrogen gas is produced.
What is the stoichiometry?Stoichiometry of any reaction gives idea about the amount of species present and before the completion of the reaction.
Chemical reaction with repect to Lithium (Li) and Potassium (K) will be represented as:
2K + 3H₂O → 2H₂ + 2KOH
2Li + 3H₂O → 2H₂ + 2LiOH
From the stoichiometry of the reaction it is clear that 2 moles of K & Li produces 2 moles of hydrogen gas.
Moles will be calculated as:
n = W/M, where
W = given mass = 0.35g
M = molar mass
Moles of 0.35g Li = 0.35 / 6.9 = 0.0507 moles
Moles of 0.35g K = 0.35 / 39 = 0.0089 moles
From the moles of both elements it is clear that lithium will produce more gas.
Hence on replacing lithium with potassium, less gas will be produced.
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"what is the concentration of positive charge and mass in rutherford's atomic model called?"
Calculate h3o+ in an aqueous solution that is 0.10M NaNO2 and 0.055M HNO2
A gas is contained in a thick walled balloon. when the pressure changes from 417 mm hg to 576 mm hg, the volume changes from ____ L to 4.78 L and the temperature changes from 497 K to 386 K
Answer: 8.5
Explanation:
What is the waste product bilirubin produced from? globin chains of hemoglobin iron found in hemoglobin molecules heme molecules lacking iron heme molecules with iron?
Heme molecules deficient in iron produce the waste product bilirubin. Heme molecules are broken down into bilirubin during the breakdown of red blood cells.
Bilirubin is a waste product formed by iron-deficient heme molecules. The heme molecules are metabolised and transformed into bilirubin as red blood cells degrade. This bilirubin is then taken to the liver and processed further before being eliminated from the body via bile. Bilirubin is a yellowish pigment produced by the body during the breakdown of red blood cells. It is a byproduct of the heme metabolism. When red blood cells reach the end of their useful life, they undergo a process known as hemolysis. Heme molecules within red blood cells are transformed into bilirubin during this process.
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Iron, an important component of the steel used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and railroads, combines with oxygen to form fe2o3, which we recognize as rust. at room temperature, iron
A substance that is not soluble in a polar solvent is
calculate the pressure in atm, if 0.00825 moles occupies 174 mL at -15 celcius.
T = 15°C = 288.15 K; temperature.
R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K, universal gas constant.
Ideal gas law: p·V = n·R·T.
p =
n·R·T / V.
p = 0.00825 mol · 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K · 288.15 K /
0.174 L.
p = 1.12 atm.
The pressure is calculated using the Ideal Gas Law. Given the moles, volume in liters, and temperature in Kelvin, the pressure is approximately 0.100 atm. This calculation involves converting units and applying the gas constant.
To calculate the pressure in atmospheres (atm) given the number of moles, volume, and temperature, we need to use the Ideal Gas Law formula:
PV = nRT
Here:
P is the pressure in atm.V is the volume in liters. Since the given volume is in milliliters (174 mL), we need to convert it to liters:174 mL × 0.001 L/mL = 0.174 L.
n is the number of moles, which is 0.00825 moles.R is the ideal gas constant, which is 0.0821 (L atm)/(K mol).T is the temperature in Kelvin. We need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:T = -15 °C + 273 = 258 K.
Now, we substitute the known values into the Ideal Gas Law equation:
P × 0.174 L = 0.00825 moles × 0.0821 (L atm)/(K mol) × 258 K
Simplify and solve for P:
P = (0.00825 moles × 0.0821 × 258) / 0.174
P ≈ 0.100 atm
When bismuth-212 undergoes alpha decay, it becomes which of the following?
A asatine-208 + an alpha particle
B lead-210 + an alpha particle
C polonium-210 + and alpha particle
D thallium-208 + and alpha particle
What mass of KBr is present in 25 mL of a 0.85 M solution of potassium chloride?
Answer : The correct answer for mass of KBr = 2.53 g
Given :
Molarity of KBr solution = 0.85 M
Volume of KBr solution = 25 mL
Converting volume from mL to L ( 1 L = 1000 mL )
[tex] Volume of solution = 25 mL * \frac{1 L }{1000mL} [/tex]
Volume of solution = 0.025 L
Mass of KBr = ?
Mass of KBr can be calculated using following steps :
1) To find mole of Kbr :
Mole of KBr can be calculated using molarity .
Molarity : It is defined as mole of solute present in volume of solution in Liter .
It uses unit as M or [tex] \frac{mol}{L} [/tex]
It can be expressed as :
[tex] Molarity = \frac{mol of solute (mol)}{volume of solution (L)} [/tex]
Plugging value of molarity and volume
[tex] 0.85 \frac{mol}{L} = \frac{mol of Kbr}{0.025 L} [/tex]
Multiplying both side by 0.025 L
[tex] 0.85 \frac{mol}{L} * 0.025 L = \frac{mole of KBr}{0.025 L} * 0.025 L [/tex]
Mole of KBr = 0.02125
2) To find mass of Kbr :
Mass of Kbr can be calculated using mole . Mole can be expressed as :
[tex] Mole (mol) = \frac{mass (g) }{molar mass \frac{g}{mol} } [/tex]
Mole of Kbr = 0.02125 mol
Molar mass of KBr = 119.00 [tex] \frac{g}{mol} [/tex]
Plugging values in mole formula
[tex] 0.02125 mol = \frac{mass (g)}{119.00 \frac{g}{mol}} [/tex]
Multiplying both side by 119.00 [tex] \frac{g}{mol} [/tex]
[tex] 0.02125 mol * 119.00 \frac{g}{mol} = \frac{mass (g)}{119.00 \frac{g}{mol}} * 119.00\frac{g}{mol} [/tex]
Mass of KBr = 2.53 g
Final answer:
To find the new volume of a diluted 0.885 M KBr solution after dilution to 0.500 M, use the formula (M1×V1) / M2, resulting in a new volume of 266.85 mL.
Explanation:
The subject of this question is determining the new volume of a diluted potassium bromide (KBr) solution in chemistry. When a 0.885 M solution of KBr with an initial volume of 76.5 mL is diluted to a concentration of 0.500 M, we can use the concept of molarity (M), which is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, to find the new volume.
To find the new volume (V2) after dilution, we can apply the formula M1×V1 = M2×V2, where M1 and V1 are the initial molarity and volume, and M2 is the final molarity. By rearranging the formula, V2 = (M1×V1) / M2. Substituting the given values, we get V2 = (0.885 moles/L × 76.5 mL) / 0.500 moles/L = 133.425 mL / 0.500 = 266.85 mL. Thus, the new volume is 266.85 mL.
Compared to the nucleus 5626Fe, what is the radius of the nucleus 112 48Cd?
How many kj of heat are needed to completely vaporize 1.30 moles of h2o? the heat of vaporization for water at the boiling point is 40.6 kj/mole?
Explanation:
Heat of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat required to change one mole of a liquid into vapor state without any change in the temperature.
It is known that for 1 mole of water, latent heat of vaporization is 40.6 kJ/mol.
Therefore, heat of vaporization for 1.30 moles will be calculated as follows.
[tex]1.30 moles \times 40.6 kJ/mol[/tex]
= 52.78 kJ
Thus, we can conclude that the 52.78 kJ of heat are needed to completely vaporize 1.30 moles of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex].
Object A has 604 J of kinetic energy and 285 J of gravitational potential energy. Object B has 481 J of kinetic energy and 300 J of gravitational potential energy. Which object has more mechanical energy? Object A has more mechanical energy. Object B has more mechanical energy. They have the same amount of mechanical energy. There is not enough information to know.
Answer:
Object A has more mechanical energy.
Explanation:
Object A has more mechanical energy.
What is the new mass/volume (m/v)% of a koh solution that is prepared by diluting 110 ml of a 6% (m/v) koh solution to 330 ml?
Le Châtelier's principle tells us that chemical _____ will adjust in an attempt to remove a stressor.
a. formulas
b. equations
c. equilibrium
d. concentrations
Which reaction may be described as an acid-base neutralization reaction? 1. be(oh)2 + h2so4 → beso4 + 2 h2o 2. ba(oh)2 + 2 licl → bacl2 + 2 lioh 3. naoh + h2o → h3o + + nao− 4. hno2 + h2o → h3o + + no− 2?
Assume that the rate law for a generic chemical reaction is rate = [a][b]3 . what is the reaction order in a, the reaction order in b, and the overall reaction order?
The order of reaction in a is 1 while the order of reaction in b is 3.
What is order of reaction?The rate law is obtained from the reaction equation or from experiment. We can determine the order of reaction by summing up the exponents in the rate law as shown in the equation of the rate law.
Now, we have; rate = k[a][b]3, the order of reaction in a is 1 while the order of reaction in b is 3.
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Which quantity or quantities must always be the same on both sides of a chemical equation? (a) the number of atoms of each kind (b) the number of molecules of each kind (c) the number of moles of each kind of molecule (d) the sum of the masses of all substances involved?
Explanation:
An equation that contains same number of atoms on both reactant and product side is known as a balanced chemical equation.
Also, mass of substances involved and formed in a chemical reaction will be equal.
For example, [tex]2K + Cl_{2} \rightarrow 2KCl[/tex]
Number of K atoms on both reactant and product side are 2.
Number of Cl atoms on both reactant and product side are 2.
Therefore, this equation is balanced.
Also, mass of K = 39.09 g/mol, mass of Cl = 35.45 g/mol.
Sum of reactant molecules = [tex](2 \times 39.09 g/mol) + (2 \times 35.45 g/mol)[/tex]
= 149.08 g/mol
Sum of product molecules = [tex]2 \times (39.09 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol)[/tex]
= 149.08 g/mol
Therefore, masses of atoms involved is same on both reactant and product side.
Thus, we can conclude quantity or quantities that must always be the same on both sides of a chemical equation are as follows.
the number of atoms of each kind.the sum of the masses of all substances involved.The quantities which must always be the same on both sides of a chemical equation is:
(a) the number of atoms of each kind.
(d) the sum of the masses of all substances involved.
A chemical reaction refers to a chemical process that involves the rearrangement or transformation of the ionic, atomic or molecular structure of a chemical element through the breakdown and formation of chemical bonds in order to produce a new compound.
A chemical equation is typically used to denote or represent a chemical reaction between two or more chemical elements.
A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms on the reactant (left) side is equal to the number of atoms on the product (right) side.
This ultimately implies that, both the charge on each atom and sum of the masses of the chemical substances in a chemical equation are properly balanced.
Additionally, all chemical equations must be in accordance with the Law of Conservation of Mass because mass can neither be created nor destroyed.
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In alpha and beta decay the parent element and the daughter element can be
A 5.00 L sample of helium at STP expands to 20.0 L. What is the new pressure on the gas?
What volume of O2(
g. at 810. mmHg pressure is required to react completely with a 4.50g sample of C(s) at 48°C? 2 C(s) + O2(
g. → 2 CO(
g.
Which energy changes are associated with a liquid boiling?
A. Energy is released, and potential energy decreases.
B. Energy is absorbed, and potential energy increases.
C. Energy is released, and kinetic energy decreases.
D. Energy is absorbed, and kinetic energy increases.
When a liquid boils, energy is absorbed, and potential energy increases.
The energy changes associated with a liquid boiling are:
Energy is absorbed, and potential energy increases.Boiling involves supplying energy to break intermolecular forces and convert the liquid into a gas, leading to an increase in potential energy.
During boiling, energy is absorbed to convert the liquid into gas, increasing the potential energy of the molecules. The temperature remains constant as energy is used for the phase change. The correct answer is B.
A liquid changes phases from a liquid to a gas as it boils. This process is associated with the absorption of energy. Specifically, energy in the form of heat is absorbed by the liquid to overcome the intermolecular forces that hold the molecules together. The molecules' potential energy rises as a result.
Kinetic energy does not increase significantly during the boiling process. Instead, the absorbed energy converts to potential energy, allowing molecules to move from the liquid phase to the gas phase. This is why the temperature of the liquid remains constant at its boiling point; all additional energy is used for the phase change rather than increasing the temperature.An example of this can be seen when water boils. When you heat water on a stove, the temperature rises until it reaches [tex]100^{\circ}C[/tex] ([tex]212^{\circ}F[/tex]). At this boiling point, the water does not get hotter. Instead, the energy absorbed continues to be used to convert the water from liquid to vapor, indicating that the energy is going into increasing the potential energy.
Sulfuric acid reacts with aluminum hydroxide by double replacement.
a. if 30.0 g of sulfuric acid reacts with 25.0 g of aluminum hydroxide, identify the limiting reactant.
b. determine the mass of excess reactant remaining.
c. determine the mass of each product formed. assume 100% yield.
a.
The balanced equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and aluminium hydroxide is,
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
The products formed from the reaction between
aluminium hydroxide and sulfuric acid are Al₂(SO₄)₃ and H₂O
The limiting reactant is H₂SO₄
The stoichiometric ratio between H₂SO₄
and Al₂(SO₄)₃ is 3 : 1
Reacted moles of H₂SO₄ =
0.306 mol
Hence the moles of Al₂(SO₄)₃ formed = 0.306 mol / 3
= 0.102 mol
Molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 342 g/mol
Mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ formed = 0.102 mol x 342 g/mol
= 34.884 g
The stoichiometric ratio between H₂SO₄
and H₂O is 3 : 6
Reacted moles of H₂SO₄ =
0.306 mol
Hence the moles of H₂O formed = 0.306 mol x (6 / 3)
= 0.612 mol
Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Mass of H₂O formed = 0.612 mol x 18 g/mol
= 11.016 g
The limiting reactant is sulfuric acid. The mass of excess reactant remaining is 13.075 g. The mass of aluminum sulfate formed is 104.738 g and the mass of water formed is 5.562 g.
Explanation:The question is about a chemical reaction where sulfuric acid reacts with aluminum hydroxide by double displacement to produce aluminum sulfate and water.
To identify the limiting reactant, we need to know the moles of sulfuric acid and aluminum hydroxide. Using the molecular weights (98.09 g/mol for sulfuric acid and 78.0 g/mol for aluminum hydroxide), we find that we have 0.306 moles of sulfuric acid and 0.32 moles of aluminum hydroxide. The reaction ratio from the balanced chemical equation is 1:2, implying we need twice as many moles of sulfuric acid as aluminum hydroxide. Therefore, sulfuric acid is the limiting reactant.Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, we find out that all the sulfuric acid is consumed, leaving excess aluminum hydroxide. The mass of excess reactant remaining is calculated by subtracting the mass of aluminum hydroxide consumed from the initial mass of aluminum hydroxide. Aluminum hydroxide consumed is (0.306 moles / 2) * 78.0 g/mol = 11.925 g. So, the mass of excess reactant remaining is 25.0 g (initial) - 11.925 g(consumed) = 13.075 gIn terms of mass of each product formed, we get aluminum sulfate and water. The mass of aluminum sulfate formed is the moles of limiting reactant times the molar mass of the product, i.e., 0.306 moles * 342.15 g/mol = 104.738 g. The mass of water formed is also calculated similarly, giving 5.562 g.Learn more about Limiting Reactant here:https://brainly.com/question/33417913
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Help Please earth science
Use the image to determine which of the following statements is true?
1) The granite is younger than unit B.2) Unit B and the granite are the same age.3) The relative ages of teh granite and unit B cannot be determined from the information given.4) Unit B is younger than the granite.