How can karyotype analysis detect genetic disorders lab 12-2 answers?

Answers

Answer 1

 Karyotype enable viewing of the physical attributes of chromosomes. When compared to the karyotype of a normal individual, any abnormalities in chromosomes can be identified by either noticing an abnormal number of chromosomes or pairing (aneuploidy), or regional changes within chromosomes such as shorter or longer than normal chromosomes due to translocations.






Answer 2
Answer:Karyotype is the image or a visual aid which present the pair and order of all the chromosome in an organism.An analyst can detect genetic disorder by comparing that karyotype with the normal person karyotype.Now he can locate the difference either in number of chromosomes or in the structure of chromosome.Through looking at karyotype he can tell number of chromosome having abnormality.

Related Questions

Which list places the layers of the sun in the correct order from innermost to outermost?

A. Corona, photosphere, chromosphere

B. Photosphere, convective zone, radiative zone

C. Convective zone, chromosphere, corona

D. Radiative zone, corona, convective zone

Answers

The correct answer is: C. Convective zone, chromosphere, corona.

The Sun can be divided into six layers (from innermost to outermost):

1. Core-the interior of the Sun which produces heat and light

2. Radiative zone-high density; radiation

3. Convective zone

4. Photosphere – visible layer

5. Chromosphere

6. Corona


Answer:

Convective, chromosphere, corona best fits the order in which the sun is layered

Explanation:

what do you mean by white matter?

Answers

White matter is the slightly more pale tissue in the areas of the brain and spinal cord. It consists of nerve fibers with their myelin sheaths (the fatty substance that surrounds and "protects" the axon.

Neurons and muscle cells perform different functions. In the body, these cells have the same . The function of muscle cells is , while the function of neurons is to send nerve signals. NextReset

Answers

Neurons and muscle cells perform different functions, however they have the same DNA (genetic material) contained within them.

The function of muscle cells is to mechanically contact to allow the body to move in space.

The function of nerve cells is to send and receive signals. in order to trigger an event or elicit a response.

Neurons and muscle cells perform different functions. In the body, these cells have the same basic parts. The function of muscle cells is contraction, while the function of neurons is to send nerve signals.

Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system and are responsible for sending electrical signals throughout the body. These signals may originate from various stimuli and are essential for different bodily functions such as movement, sensation, and thought processes. The structure of a neuron typically includes dendrites, which receive information, and an axon, through which the neuron sends its signals to other cells.

On the other hand, muscle cells are specialized for contraction and are essential for movement and bodily support. When a neuron sends an impulse to a muscle cell, it triggers the muscle to contract. This interaction is crucial for voluntary and involuntary movements within the body.

The correct question is:

Fill in the blanks:

Neurons and muscle cells perform different functions. In the body, these cells have the same ____. The function of muscle cells is _____, while the function of neurons is to send nerve signals.

Which of these is not an area that is prone to landslide hazards?

Answers

Thick, moist soils is not an area that is prone to landslide hazards.

Subtilisin is used in some laundry detergents to help remove protein-type stains. what unusual kind of stability does this suggest for subtilisin?

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Out of the following given choices;

a) The enzyme must be stable to very high pressures.

 

b) The enzyme must be stable in the presence of hydrogen.

 

c) The enzyme must be stable both in the presence of detergents and to high pressures.

 

d) The enzyme must be stable both in the presence of detergents and to moderately high temperatures.

 

The answer is D. Subtilisin is a non-specific protease enzyme hence its use to remove protein stains. For its to be used with detergents it has to be stable in the presence of detergents. Since detergents work optimally in moderately high temperatures, Subtilisin must also be stable at the same temperatures.


The reason for a "blind spot" in the visual field is that ______ select one:
a. the lens cannot focus all of the visual field onto the retina.
b. there are no photoreceptors in the retina where the axons exit the eye.
c. blood vessels collect together and enter the eye at the blind spot.
d. retinal cells die with age and overuse, resulting in blind spots.
e. rods are less sensitive to light than are cones.

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Answer:

its b

Explanation:

Match the blood type with the possible genotype(s) type a blood

Answers

Type A - AA or AO 
Type B - BB or BO 
Type AB - AB 
Type O - OO 

This diagram shows that embryos of certain species develop almost identically in the earliest stages of embryonic development. These physical similarities indicate that there are also genetic similarities among these organisms. The physical and genetic embryological similarities among these organisms suggest that they A. descended from a common ancestor. B. have multiple vestigial organs in common. C. are members of the same genus. D. hunt and breed in similar habitats.

Answers

The correct option is A.
The observation that the embryos of certain species have physical and genetical similarities in the earliest stages of embryonic development shows that individual development of an organism shows its revolutionary history and this is taken as an evidence of common ancestry. Scientists takes this observation to mean that all life on earth developed from a single ancestor.

The snowshoe rabbit has unusually large hind feet. This adaptation helps the snowshoe rabbit

Answers

Hello!

It helps the Rabbit walk on top of the snow

Answer:

to stay on top of the snow

Explanation:

Imagine a day of fresh snow, soft as foam. Yes, the first snow is beautiful and everything around it is white. With the drier air and greater reflection of light, the day seems to invite you for a walk outdoors. However, we know that it is difficult to walk in the snow and even stand on it, sometimes it is a difficult task, as it can be very slippery.

Standing and moving in the snow is not an easy task for us, nor for the animals, so some of them have adaptations that facilitate this movement, as is the case of the snowshoe rabbit, whose feet in sizes larger than those of a normal rabbit, has the ability to help the rabbit stay on top of the snow.

What are animals everywhere doing in solidarity with the animals of animal farm?

Answers

They are Singing "Beasts of England"

Answer:

They're helping Cinderella put on her clothes

the way plant shoots grow toward the light

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From what I can understand from this, plants go toward the sun b/c it wants more sunlight. This is apparent when you just let a tiny piece of sunlight to the plant. The plant will grow toward the sunlight so that it can get more.

Solve it: which insulin mutations may result in disease? mastering biology

Answers

Final answer:

Insulin mutations can result in diseases like type 1 diabetes, where there is a lack of insulin production. Injecting synthetic insulin can treat this condition.

Explanation:

Insulin is a hormone that helps cells take up glucose from the blood. Mutations in the gene that codes for insulin can lead to diseases like type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, there is a mutation in the insulin gene that prevents the production of insulin, resulting in high blood glucose levels. This can be treated by injecting synthetic insulin into the body from outside sources.

The end of the Paleozoic Era was signaled by

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mass extinction of land and water animals

Paleozoic era lasted for millions of years ago. It is divided in 6 different periods. It also signal various events in evolution which include the development of most invertebrate groups. Fish and fish like vertebrates arose from the early Paleoozoic and comprise more than 50 percent of the diversity of vertebrates that inhabits today. This period ended when the mass extinction of animals occured.

What is the most likely cause of this person's color blindness? what does 20/300 vision indicate, and how is that corrected by lasik surgery?

Answers

Final answer:

Color blindness is caused by genetic factors affecting the cones in the retina and includes three types related to different cones. Vision of 20/300 is severely impaired, and LASIK surgery can correct this by reshaping the cornea. Presbyopia affects reading vision due to lens flexibility issues and may remain after LASIK surgery.

Explanation:

Color blindness is typically caused by genetic factors that affect the cones in the retina of the eye. The three types of color blindness are: protanopia (red), deuteranopia (green), and tritanopia (blue). Each type corresponds to the deficiency or absence of different cone types in the retina. In context of genetics, the Law of Dominance explains how a dominant allele can mask the presence of a recessive allele, which may relate to inheritance patterns in color blindness.

Regarding visual acuity, a measure of 20/300 indicates that what a person with normal vision can see at 300 feet, someone with a 20/300 vision sees at 20 feet, reflecting severe visual impairment. LASIK surgery corrects this by reshaping the cornea to correct the focus of light onto the retina.

For individuals with presbyopia, LASIK can correct distant vision but will not solve the issue of close-up focus required for reading because presbyopia is related to the eye's lens flexibility, which diminishes with age. The patient may still need reading glasses after LASIK. The procedure of LASIK involves a fixed percent uncertainty in the reshaping of the cornea, and those requiring greater correction have a higher risk of not achieving normal distant vision due to the greater variability in the surgical outcome.

What species of bacteria or archaea might you find associated with these green beans?

Answers

Rhizobium affects the bean plants by providing them withnitrogen-fixed nodules that help them grow and get the nu-trients they need

How does evaporation help moderate temperature? a. water absorbs little energy with a great change in temperature. b. water absorbs little energy without great change in temperature. c. water absorbs a great deal of energy with no change in temp. d, Water absorbs a great deal of energy with a great change in temperature

Answers

The answer to this question is option c: 'water absorbs a great deal of energy with no change in temp.' This is because water has a relatively high heat capacity, i.e., it can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises. 

The right answer is c.

Our body is made up of about thirty thousand billion cells. Each of these cells contains hundreds of mitochondria that use the nutrients to produce the energy needed to perform all of our bodily functions. Some of this energy is dissipated as heat.

* If this energy is not enough because the outside temperature is very low, we shiver, because our muscles start to tremble. This friction of the muscles generates heat. In addition, brown adipose tissue can elevate TC by using as heat most of the energy produced by mitochondria. If the outside temperature is winter, the blood vessels in the skin contract to reduce heat loss on the body surface.

* If the TC is too high, we can dissipate heat through perspiration (evaporation of water on the surface of the body has a cooling effect) and by the exhalation of hot air.

______________________ is a specific portion of an antigen to which an antibody binds. for t cells, this is the peptide portion that is complexed with mhc molecules on apcs for recognition by the tcr. cytokine antigen hapten epitope

Answers

The epitope is a specific portion of an antigen to which an antibody binds.  
T cell epitopes are presented by MHC class I or class II and both of the classes are proteins. The part of an antibody that binds to the epitope is called a paratope.

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Emanuel jones, 60 years of age, is male patient diagnosed with small cell carcinoma. he underwent surgery in the past to remove the left lower lobe of his lung. he is receiving chemotherapy. two weeks before a round of chemotherapy, a complete blood count with differential, and a renal and metabolic profile are obtained for the patient. the patient presents to the oncology clinic for chemotherapy with a temperature of 101°f. further assessment reveals decreased breath sounds in the

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 right base of the right lung,and a productive cough expectorating green colored mucus. The patient is short of breath and has a pulse oximetry reading that is SaO2 of 85% on room air. The patient has a history of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and has complaints of urinary frequency and burning upon urination.

What producers serve as the basis of the food chain in this layer of the ocean answers?

Answers

In the first segment that covers the top part of the ocean the whale sharks producers serve as the basis of the food chain. In the top layer of the ocean enough sunlight hits the water which makes it a good place for planktons to grow. These planktons are then eaten by the whale sharks.

If 70 percent of the hypothetical population passed along allele b, the dominant allele for brown eyes, and 30 percent passed along allele b, the recessive allele for blue eyes, the proportion of the subsequent generation with brown eyes would be ___________, given the hardy-weinberg equilibrium.

Answers

Dominant phenotype will be expressed on homozygous dominant(BB) and heterozygous(Bb) type. Using hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the percentage of individual with brown eye would be:
homozygous dominant= BB= 70%*70%= 49%
heterozygous = 2Bb= 2* 70%*30%= 42%
Total= 49%+42%= 91%

"which part of the cell would be of most interest when in studying production of atp and nadph?"

Answers

mitochondria bc that where cellular respiration occurs

The most superiorly located bony landmark of the scapula is the _______.

Answers

acromion process
have a good day!

Primary consumers depend on energy from plants for survival. Higher consumers depend on energy from primary consumers for survival. Which of the following is also true about plants and consumers?

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The answer is C
The more plants there are, the more consumers there are. If there aren't enough plants, the consumers have no way of getting energy, and therefore cannot survive. The species also matters, because certain species of plants can only be eaten by certain species of consumers.

Final answer:

The true statement about plants and consumers is that primary producers convert light energy through photosynthesis and consumers gain energy by feeding on them or on other consumers.

Explanation:

Primary consumers depend on energy from plants for survival, while higher consumers depend on energy from primary consumers. The statement that is also true about plants and consumers is that primary producers convert light energy by photosynthesis and consumers gain energy by feeding on them or other consumers which have consumed these producers.

Within ecosystems, the base of the food chain is typically occupied by photosynthetic organisms, referred to as producers. These producers, like plants or phytoplankton, harness solar energy and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Primary consumers, such as herbivores, directly consume these producers and gain their energy from them. Subsequent consumers, including secondary and tertiary consumers, obtain their energy by consuming organisms from the previous trophic levels.

It's important to clarify that primary producers do not convert light energy through chemosynthesis, but rather, through photosynthesis. While chemosynthesis is another form of biological energy conversion, it is not relevant to the typical processes that plants use to acquire energy.

The wobble hypothesis predicts that codons coding for the same amino acid _____.

Answers

The wobble hypothesis predicts that codons coding for the same amino acid may differ at the third position.

Francis Crick defined the wobble hypothesis, which states that, in mRNA codons, the third base can pair "incorrectly" with the tRNA's anticodon's first base. What this means is that there is variability in the pairing of the anticodons and codons when it comes to the third base of the mRNA codon.

This hypothesis explains why the only variability that exists between different codons, that code for the same amino acid, is in the third base. The first two bases of the mRNA codon normally form hydrogen bonds with the bases on the tRNA codon in the process of translation (the process of forming proteins out of mRNA strands), so they pair in a usual Watson-Crick way, meaning that they form base pairs only with complementary bases.

The hydrogen bonds between the codon's third base, and the anticodon's first base can occur in a non-complementary way, so they form base pairs different to those that are usual at this position. This wobble hypothesis can explain why there are multiple codons that code for the same amino acid, since one tRNA molecule can attach to multiple codons due to less precise base pairing between the bases that don't follow the Watson-Crick complementary base pairing rule.

This explains why there are more codons than tRNA molecules for specific amino acids.

How do frogs utilize extensor and flexor muscles in order to swim, jump, and do other frog things efficiently; include specific names of these muscles located in the upper and lower limbs of the frog?

Answers

The structure of the feet and legs varies greatly among frog species, depending in part on whether they live primarily on the ground, in water, in trees or in burrows. Frogs must be able to move quickly through their environment to catch prey and escape predators, and numerous adaptations help them to do so. Most frogs are either proficient at jumping or are descended from ancestors that were, with much of the musculoskeletal morphology modified for this purpose. The tibia, fibula, and tarsals have been fused into a single, strong bone, as have the radius and ulna in the fore limbs (which must absorb the impact on landing). The metatarsals have become elongated to add to the leg length and allow the frog to push against the ground for a longer period on take-off. The illium has elongated and formed a mobile joint with the sacrum which, in specialist jumpers such as ranids and hylids, functions as an additional limb joint to further power the leaps. The tail vertebrae have fused into a urostyle which is retracted inside the pelvis. This enables the force to be transferred from the legs to the body during a leap 
The muscular system has been similarly modified. The hind limbs of ancestral frogs presumably contained pairs of muscles which would act in opposition (one muscle to flex the knee, a different muscle to extend it), as is seen in most other limbed animals. However, in modern frogs, almost all muscles have been modified to contribute to the action of jumping, with only a few small muscles remaining to bring the limb back to the starting position and maintain posture. The muscles have also been greatly enlarged, with the main leg muscles accounting for over 17% of the total mass of the frog.

Answer:

The muscles in the stomach of the frog bend the spine forward, opposing the muscles in the back which bend the spine backwards.  The upper muscles in the chest help to push the upper limbs out using triceps brachii as extensors to jump, while the upper back muscles help to draw the upper limbs back in as well as biceps brachii.  The pectoralis major are responsible for moving the arms at the shoulders. The rectus abdominus bends the spine downward and also adds an extra layer of protection for the frogs internal organs.  There are muscles on top of the theigh such as the satorious, which extend the lower legs to kick out when jumping or swimming.  The tribalis anterior longus is a flexor of the foot, meaning it pulls the foot up, one uses this muscle when they lift their foot to take a step.  The gastrocenemius is an extensor for the foot, bending it down, used whenever a frog jumps.  

Compare energy diagrams a and

d. assuming all other factors (such as concentrations and temperature) are identical for the two processes, identify which process will occur more rapidly.

Answers

D would occur more rapidly.

Which part of the brain serves to regulate the endocrine system ?
Adrenal gland
Thymus
Hypothalamus
Thyroid

Answers

Answer:

The answer would be hypothalamus. Hypothalamus is a part of the brain in which regulates the endocrine system.

plz help me out and say thanks ;-;

A scientist is testing the effectiveness of Drug X on cancer. She gives a small amount of the drug to mice that have cancer. She gives each mouse a different amount from 1 to 10 grams, and then measures the size of the tumor in each mouse before the drugs and two weeks after the drugs. She gives one of the mice sugar instead of Drug X. What is her control in this experiment?

Answers

The mice not receving the drug is the control group, meaning that mouse is the baseline for the expirement.

Answer:

The control of this experiment is the rat that received sugar in place of the drug.

Explanation:

In a scientific experiment, control is characterized by the individual (or object) who has not received what is being tested in the experiment. In the case of the above question, the experiment wants to test the effectiveness of a drug in fighting cancer. All rats received different doses of this medicine, except for one mouse that received sugar in place of the medicine. This mouse is the control of the experiment and will serve to compare how cancer is reduced in individuals who received the drug compared to those with cancer who did not receive the drug.

This question refers to the abo blood type locus. remember that the a and b alleles are codominant to each other and both are dominant to the o allele. a man has blood type
a. mark all genotypes below that are possible for this man.

Answers

The man with blood type  A might have one of two genotypes:
1. Iᵃ  I 
2. Iᵃ  i
In this case, Iᵃ is an allele for A group, and i is an allele for 0 group.
The ABO blood type is controlled by a single gene (the ABO gene) with three types of alleles (Iᵃ   Iᵇ    and   i)

The Mohs scale is used to determine a mineral's

Answers

it's hardness
Example 10 is diamond
and 1 is Talc
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