The lichens show mutualism and they are found in every biome of the Earth. The lichens have algae and fungus associated with them and they live in a mutualistic relationship with each other. Lichens can grow on soil where no other species can grow like rocks, barren soils and they enrich the soil on dying where other plants and trees can grow.
Lichens being pioneer species change the environment by building up the soil and liberating nutrients. Also the lichens contribute to the chemical weathering of the soil releasing phosphate along with erosion and weather conditions.
When the simple plants die, the wildflowers and other plants start growing replacing lichens or mosses.
From the above explanation it can be concluded that lichens alter the abiotic environment and favor other species of plants to grow by breaking down rocks from soil and providing nutrients.
Lichens, formed from a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism, are capable of colonizing harsh abiotic environments. They contribute to environmental changes by breaking down rocks to create soil and fixing atmospheric nitrogen, making it available to plants. This enhances the nutrient profile of the environment, paving the way for the establishment of other plant species.
Explanation:Lichens are pioneer organisms made up of a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism, such as an alga or cyanobacterium. This union allows lichens to survive in harsh abiotic environments, often being the first living organisms to establish a presence.
One of the ways lichens contribute to environmental modification is by leaching nutrients from rocks and breaking them down, initiating the process of soil creation. This soil produced becomes a supportive substrate for the growth of other plant species.
Moreover, some lichen partnerships feature cyanobacteria which can fix nitrogen from the atmospheric air, converting it to a form usable by plants. This enriches the nutrient content of the soil, further aiding plant establishment.
These multifaceted roles of lichens, alongside their ability to survive in various environments, not only foster plant establishment but also contribute to ecosystem succession and stability.
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What could be a result of an injury to the dorsal column? loss of sensation to pressure and touch loss of control over all involuntary movements inability of the body to maintain homeostasis inability to regulate the sleep-wake cycle loss of motor control
Answer:
The correct answer would be a loss of sensation to pressure and touch.
The dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway abbreviated as DCML refers to the sensory pathway of the central nervous system (CNS) which transmits sensations of vibration, fine touch, proprioception, and two-point discrimination from the skin as well as joints.
Thus, injury to the dorsal column would result in the loss of sensation to touch and pressure.
Answer:
The answer is A: loss of sensation to pressure and touch
Explanation:
the situation in which allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population remain constant brainly
The situation in which allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population remain constant is called genetic equilibrium or Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
This concept is based on the Hardy-Weinberg principle, which describes the relationship between allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in an idealized population under certain conditions. In order for a population to be in genetic equilibrium, the following conditions must be met:
No mutations: The allele frequencies remain constant in the absence of new mutations.
Random mating: Individuals in the population mate randomly, without any preference for specific genotypes or phenotypes.
No gene flow: There is no migration of individuals or genetic material between populations, preventing the introduction or loss of alleles.
No genetic drift: The population is large enough that random chance does not significantly impact allele frequencies.
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During which process does a cell convert ADP to ATP?
a) Using energy to build a new protein
b) Capturing energy that was previously contained in a sugar molecule
c) Moving water from one side of a membrane to the other
d) Making a RNA molecule from a DNA template
Extinction can be caused by _____. Select all that apply.
a) habitat destruction
b) invasive species
c) natural disasters
d) disease
Not sure if invasive species is one
Explain how the anole lizard species on caribbean islands demonstrate both convergent and divergent evolution
The nurse is assisting in the birthing room. the physician performs an episiotomy, an incision in the client's perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate childbirth. which interventions should the nurse perform when caring for the client after this procedure? select all that apply.
Atty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis is particularly important in public health because in this application, microbiologists seek to identify specific microbial pathogens in
He originally suggested that galaxies are moving farther away. He also suggested that the distance of a galaxy is proportional to its recessional speed. He is _____. A.Georges Lemaitre. B.Edwin Hubble. C.Albert Einstein. D.Robert Tolman.
Answer:
The correct answer is option B, that is, Edwin Hubble.
Explanation:
Edwin Hubble who lived within 1889-1953 is an American astronomer, who completed his studies from the University of Chicago. He discovered that nebulae are the galaxies and postulated the Hubble's law on the basis of which the universe is expanding.
According to him, the galaxies are going away from each other, and also stated that the distance of a galaxy is equivalent to its recessional speed.
One species of fish feeds in the muddy bottom of a lake. a second species eats insects that land on the water surface. this is an example of
Final answer:
The example given is a demonstration of ecological niches and resource partitioning, where two fish species have different feeding habits that reduce competition for food resources, an instance of disruptive selection and assortative mating contributing to species divergence.
Explanation:
The scenario presented where one species of fish feeds in the muddy bottom of a lake, while a second species eats insects landing on the water surface, illustrates the concept of ecological niches and resource partitioning. In the context of ecology and evolutionary biology, these behaviors reflect how species utilize different parts of their environment to avoid direct competition for resources – a phenomenon known as disruptive selection. This form of ecological divergence often leads to species developing specialized feeding habits and adaptations.
Disruptive selection and assortative mating are important mechanisms contributing to the formation of new species within ecosystems. As species evolve to exploit different resources, they may also exhibit preferences in mating with individuals that have similar resource usage patterns, further contributing to the divergence of species. The example of the three-spined stickleback fish described by Dr. Luke Harmon's research highlights how variations in feeding habits could lead to evolutionary changes that impact the ecosystem environment.
"clumping" or "clouding" in the mixture of the blood and the blood serum is caused by
The clumping or clouding of blood and blood serum is caused by the agglutination reaction, which happens when antibodies in the serum bind to antigens in the blood cells.
Explanation:Clumping, or clouding, in the mixture of blood and the blood serum is most commonly caused by a reaction known as agglutination. This reaction occurs when antibodies present in the blood serum interact with antigens found on the surface of blood cells. When an antibody finds its corresponding antigen, it attaches to it and triggers a response that ultimately results in the clumping or clouding of the blood.
For example, during a blood transfusion, if the recipient's blood type and the donor's blood type are not compatible, the antibodies in the recipient's blood can cause the incoming blood to clump or cloud, leading to a serious health risk.
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The correct answer is The clumping or clouding in the mixture of blood and blood serum is caused by the presence of agglutinins in the serum reacting with antigens on the red blood cells.
When blood is mixed with blood serum, certain reactions can occur that lead to clumping or clouding of the mixture. This phenomenon is typically observed in blood typing procedures, such as the ABO blood group system. The clumping or clouding is due to a specific immune reaction known as agglutination.
Agglutination occurs when agglutinins, which are antibodies present in the serum, recognize and bind to antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). Antigens are specific molecules or structures on the cell surface that can elicit an immune response. In the context of blood typing:
Agglutinin 'anti-A' is present in the serum of individuals with blood type B or O and reacts with the 'A' antigen found on the surface of type A red blood cells.Agglutinin 'anti-B' is present in the serum of individuals with blood type A or O and reacts with the 'B' antigen found on the surface of type B red blood cells.Individuals with blood type AB have no agglutinins in their serum because their blood contains both 'A' and 'B' antigens, and thus their immune system does not produce antibodies against these antigens.Individuals with blood type O have both 'anti-A' and 'anti-B' agglutinins in their serum because their blood lacks both 'A' and 'B' antigens.When the wrong type of blood is mixed with incompatible serum, the agglutinins in the serum will bind to the antigens on the red blood cells, causing them to clump together, which is visible as clumping or clouding. This reaction is a critical factor in blood transfusion compatibility and is the basis for determining a person's blood type and ensuring that transfused blood does not cause a dangerous immune reaction in the recipient.
The complete question is:
"clumping" or "clouding" in the mixture of the blood and the blood serum is caused by ________.
describe what happens to the fur of a Himalayan rabbit after prolonged exposure to a low temperature. The change in fur color is most likely due to 1) the effect of heredity on gene expression 2) the arrangement of genes on chromosomes 3) environmental influence on gere action 4) mutations resulting from a change in the environment
The fur color change in Himalayan rabbits exposed to low temperatures is due to an environmental influence on the action of a temperature-sensitive gene product, with cooler temperatures allowing for pigment production in the extremities.
The fur of a Himalayan rabbit changes color after prolonged exposure to low temperature due to a temperature-sensitive gene product responsible for pigment production. This gene product, an allele for tyrosinase, is active only at lower temperatures, resulting in pigment being produced in the cooler parts of the rabbit's body, such as the ears, nose, and feet. In a cold environment, the extremities are colder, and thus more pigment is produced, leading to darker fur in these areas. Conversely, in warmer body areas or warmer climates, the enzyme is not as effective, and so the fur remains lighter.
Therefore, the change in fur color in the Himalayan rabbit due to low temperatures is most likely due to environmental influence on gene action. The gene is already present in the rabbit's genetic makeup, but its expression is influenced by environmental temperatures. This is why you would see a difference in fur coloration in rabbits living in different climates, such as the arctic versus the tropics.
The gastrovascular cavity differs from the alimentary canal in that only the gastrovascular cavity _____.
The gastrovascular cavity differs from the alimentary canal in that only the gastrovascular cavity has only a single opening
Explanation:
Both gastro vascular cavity and the alimentary canal are the digestive organs. They both have a sole difference. The gastro vascular cavity is a digestive organ that can be found only in the organisms with one openings like the Jelly fish, flat worms.
But the alimentary canal consists of a mouth in one end and an anus at the end to send away the excretion due to digestion. The alimentary canal is the organ of digestion found in birds, animals, birds. It helps to intake food, digest it, extract the nutrient and supply it to the other parts of the body and send the unwanted digestive products to the excretory system.
The gastrovascular cavity differs from the alimentary canal in that only the gastrovascular cavity has a single opening that serves both as a mouth and an anus. This type of digestive system is often referred to as an incomplete digestive system
Organisms with a gastrovascular cavity, such as hydras and jellyfish, use this cavity for both digestion and distribution of nutrients throughout their body. In contrast, an alimentary canal, which is present in organisms like nematodes, has two separate openings: a mouth for ingesting food and an anus for eliminating waste, making it a more complex and complete digestive system.
Why do grocery stores spray vegetables with water? select one:
a. the cells of the vegetables will absorb water and expand against their cell walls, making the vegetables crisper.
b. the water will be hypertonic relative to the intracellular fluid of the vegetables, allowing the cells to lose excess water.
c. the water will help keep the vegetable's cell membranes fluid.
d. the water will be hypotonic relative to the interacellular fluid of the vegetables, allowing the cells to excrete excess ions?
The correct option is C. The water will help keep the vegetable's cell membrane fluid.
Why do grocery stores spray vegetables with water?Green leafy vegetables and fruits can be kept hydrated and kept from drying out throughout their shelf life by being sprayed with water. Additionally, it gives those greens a more appealing and fresh appearance to buyers.
Plants require water for a variety of biochemical and metabolic processes that keep them alive, much like people do.
They receive all the water they require while still rooted in the earth from the soil where they were planted. Through a biological mechanism known as osmosis, plant roots enable them absorb water and vital nutrients from the soil.
Therefore, The correct option is C. The water will help keep the vegetable's cell membrane fluid.
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It is possible for a cell to make proteins that last for months; hemoglobin in red blood cells is an example. however, many proteins may be degraded in days or even hours. what is the advantage of short-lived proteins?
A partial sequence of a molecule is "aactgct." the molecule is:
The correct answer is c. nucleic acid. The sequence 'AACTGCT' represents nucleotides, making the molecule a nucleic acid.
Understanding the Molecule Sequence
The given sequence "AACTGCT" represents a specific type of molecule. Let's analyze why the correct answer is determined as follows:
Nucleic Acid - The sequence "AACTGCT" is composed of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Each letter A, C, T, and G stands for adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine respectively, which are nitrogenous bases common in nucleic acids.Not a Triglyceride - Triglycerides are molecules consisting of glycerol and three fatty acids, not a sequence of nucleotides.Not a Protein - Proteins are made up of amino acids and the sequence provided does not represent any conventional order of amino acids.Not an Oligosaccharide - Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates composed of a small number of monosaccharides. The sequence does not match this structure.Not a Polysaccharide - Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of repeated monosaccharide units, which again do not match the sequence given.Therefore, the correct answer is that the molecule is a c. nucleic acid.
Complete question:
A partial sequence of a molecule is "AACTGCT." The molecule is a(n):
a. triglyceride.
b. protein.
c. nucleic acid.
d. oligosaccharide.
e. polysaccharide.
When using a compound light microscope with a 10x eyepiece and objectives of 5x, 10x, and 50x, what is the highest possible magnification for that microscope?
A.50x
B.60x
C.100x
D.500x
What three kingdoms hold the most common pathogens?
As an embryo develops, new cells are produced as the result of
As an embryo develops ; new cells are produced as a result of mitosis cell division. A series of cell division occurs called cleavage. During cleavage number of cells increases without increasing the size of the cell. An embryo divides into a number of smaller cells called blastomeres. An embryo with blastomeres is called balstula.
A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n) _____.
A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a Phototroph.
Phototropic bacteria or archaea are a group of prokaryotes which use the source of energy as light. These prokaryotes convert the light energy to chemical energy in the form of chemical bonds and have several photochemical mechanisms in their metabolic pathways. Depending on the metabolic pathway the bacteria follow, the phototropic prokaryotes use carbon sources and are autotrophs undergoing the process of photosynthesis.
The cyanobacteria are the most commonly known prokaryotes which are phototropic in nature.
If the frequency of p^2 equals 0.49, what is the value of q?
A. 0.3
B. 0.009
C. 1
D. 0.7
The answer would be A 0.3
The winds that move from cold upland areas into lower elevations under the influence of gravity are described as __________.
What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during dna replication?
During replication, the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesised DNA strand is determined by the template strand of the parent DNA. From the 5' end to the 3' end, DNA is synthesized.
What is DNA replication?DNA replication is a process in which a copy of the DNA is synthesised from the parent DNA. In the DNA synthesis, both strands are separated by the helicase enzyme.
This enzyme unwinds the double strand of DNA and converts it into a single strand. The single strand is taken as a template by the DNA polymerase. The DNA polymerase synthesises the new DNA by adding the nucleotide from 5' to 3'.
The 3' OH of the existing nucleotide is attached to the 5' phosphate of the upcoming nucleotide by making a phosphodiester bond. Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine makes a pair with the cytosine base during DNA replication. These are nitrogenous bases.
Hence, the existing nucleotide bases of parent DNA strands make new strands complementary.
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Which of the following describes an interaction between the musculoskeletal system and the respiratory system?
The air sacs absorb more oxygen during vigorous exercise.
The air sacs are used due to signals from the brain.
The blood delivers glucose and oxygen to cells.
The blood carries waste materials to the kidneys.
PLEASE ANSWER QUICK
Answer:
The air sacs absorb more oxygen during vigorous exercise.
Explanation:
Function of respiratory system is to carry out gaseous exchange to makes the blood rich in oxygen. Musculoskeletal system is involved in movement of body and needs oxygenated blood to drive the muscle contraction and body movements. Musculoskeletal system needs increased oxygen supply during vigorous physical activity to support the movement which in turn is fulfilled by increased absorption of oxygen by air sacs.
What is the function of the waxy,transparent top layer of leaves
It prevents water evaporation.
100% correct
The waxy, transparent top layer of leaves is known as cuticle. It is a non-cellular protective covering found outside the epidermis of many plants. The cuticle functions by acting as a water permeability barrier that prevents excess water loss from the body of plants through evaporation. It also protects plant tissues by preventing the entry of microorganisms and external water.
If one species in a community dies out or moves, the community will
A) be affected.
B) stop working.
C) not be affected.
D) replace the species
Answer:
A) be affected
Explanation:
Proteins are made from what subunits?
Proteins are created from subunits called amino acids, which join together through peptide bonds. The structure and function of a protein is determined by the unique combination and interactions of these amino acids. Hemoglobin is a notable example of protein structure.
Explanation:Proteins are important components for all body tissues, and they are made from subunits called amino acids. These amino acids are nitrogen-containing monomers that join together by peptide bonds. The structure and function of proteins largely depends on their shape, which in turn is determined by the interactions between these amino acids and their subsequent folding into various secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
There are 20 different types of amino acids that contribute to the thousands of different proteins in the human body. Each protein contains a unique combination of these amino acids.
An example to demonstrate this concept is hemoglobin, a protein that has a quaternary structure made up of four globular protein subunits: two alpha and two beta polypeptides.
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Professor murphy is studying neurons that release a particular small-molecule neurotransmitter. in these many of these neurons, the professor should expect to see no other types of neurotransmitters. at least one type of neuropeptide neurotransmitter. at least one other type of small-molecule neurotransmitter and multiple types of neuropeptides neurotransmitters. a second type of small-molecule neurotransmitter.
The _______________ transmits information about odors from the nose to the brain
Coral bleaching, which causes high coral mortality, has been occurring widely in coral reefs. coral bleaching actually refers to the death of symbiotic dinoflagellates living within the corals. why does coral bleaching cause the corals to die?\
Answer:
Explanation:
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A client with laënnec cirrhosis has a sengstaken-blakemore tube in place. the client becomes increasingly confused and tries to climb out of bed. the client's breath becomes fetid. what is the nursing priority