Answer:
The three opsin molecules respond to different wavelengths of light because of the different structure of the protein bound to the opsin molecules.
Explanation:
Opsin is a protein that is released by the action of light and forms part of the visual pigment rhodopsin. There are two groups of protein termed opsins, type I opsins, which are employed by prokaryotes and by some algae and fungi, and type II opsins which are used by animals.
Though the retinal molecular structures of the opsin molecules are identical, they respond to different wavelengths of light because of the different structure of the protein bound to the opsin molecules.
An apple in a tree has a gravitational store of 8J. As it falls, it accelerates constantly until it hits the ground. What is the apple’s maximum kinetic energy store? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Explanation:
Given that on the tree the gravitational energy stored is 8J
Then, mgh = 8J.
The apple begins to fall and hit the ground, what is the maximum kinetic energy?
Using conservation of energy, as the above is about to hit the ground, the apple is at is maximum speed, and the height then is 0m, so the potential energy at the ground is zero, so all the potential of the apple at the too of the tree is converted to kinetic energy as it is about to hits the ground. Along the way to the ground, both the Kinetic energy and potential energy is conserved, it is notice that at the top of the tree, the apple has only potential energy since velocity is zero at top, and at the bottom of the tree the apple has only kinetic energy since potential energy is zero(height=0)
So,
K.E(max) = 8J
Which of the following treatments would enhance the level of the Pfr form of phytochrome?A) exposure to far-red lightB) exposure to red lightC) long dark periodD) inhibition of protein synthesisE) synthesis of phosphorylating enzymes
Answer:
B) exposure to red light
Explanation:
Plants use a phytochrome system to sense the level, intensity, duration, and color of environmental light do as to adjust their physiology.
The phytochromes are a family of chromoproteins with a linear tetrapyrrole chromophore, similar to the chlorophyll. Phytochromes have two photo-interconvertible forms: Pr and Pfr. Pr absorbs red light (~667 nm) and is immediately converted to Pfr. Pfr absorbs far-red light (~730 nm) and is quickly converted back to Pr. Absorption of red or far-red light causes a massive change to the shape of the chromophore, altering the conformation and activity of the phytochrome protein to which it is bound. Together, the two forms represent the phytochrome system.
how does an antenna produce radio waves?
Answer:
As the electrons (tiny particles inside atoms) in the electric current wiggle back and forth along the antenna, they create invisibleelectromagnetic radiation in the form ofradio waves. ... 1) Electricity flowing into the transmitter antenna makes electrons vibrate up and down it, producing radio waves.
Answer:
As the electrons (tiny particles inside atoms) in the electric current wiggle back and forth along the antenna, they create invisible electromagnetic radiation in the form of radio waves.
Explanation:
Peter was holding a Human Physiology textbook that weighs about 4lbs with his non- writing arm for one minute. His elbow remained exactly at a 45° isometric position. He did not complain of any muscle fatigue or muscle weakness. a) i. Is the number of activated motor units stay the same while he was holding the book for two minutes? (0.5 pt) ii. Why? (0.5 pt) Increasing the period Peter is holding the texting will only cause the motor units to fire more frequently to keep the muscles from relaxing. b) i. Are the same motor units activated while he was holding the book for two minutes? (0.5 pt) ii. Why? (0.5 pt)
Answer:
a
When peter held the book for one minute the rate at which motor unites are fired increase steeply but as the duration increases the increese in the rate at which it is being fired becomes linear so the number of activated motors stay the same but are being activated at a more rapidly
b
The same motors are activated whilest he is hold the book for 2 minutes this is because for peter to hold the book in one fixed position one specific motor units need to be activated
Note changing the motor unites would change the positon of the hand
Explanation:
What is the energy difference between the h2 molecule and the separated atoms?
Answer:My answer its a little large so
Explanation:
i write in a paper for you i believe you can be able to read it good
The bond energy is the difference in energy between a molecule and its separated atoms. For the H2 molecule, the energy difference is 7.24 × 10-19 J at a bond distance of 74 pm.
Explanation:The energy difference between the H2 molecule and the separated hydrogen atoms is the bond energy, which is the difference between the energy minimum at the bond distance and the energy of the separated atoms. For the H2 molecule, at a bond distance of 74 pm, the system is lower in energy by 7.24 × 10-19 J compared to the separated atoms. This small energy difference is important for the stability of the H2 molecule.
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Which statement best explains the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance?
A) If we increase the amount of voltage applied, and do not change the resistance, this will result in a decrease in current.
B) If we decrease the current applied, and do not change the resistance, we increase the voltage.
C) If we increase the amount of voltage applied, and do not change the resistance, we will also increase the current.
D) If we decrease the amount of current, this will not affect the amount of voltage, only the amount of resistance.
(FLVS Physical Science 03.09)
Answer:
c
Explanation:
big brain
Technician A says that failure analysis will assist the technician in determining whether it is more cost effective to replace rather than repair an engine. Technician B says that when an engine fails under warranty, the manufacturer may want it back for complete analysis of why it failed. Who is correct?
Final answer:
Both Technician A, who speaks about failure analysis for cost effectiveness, and Technician B, who discusses manufacturers' interest in analyzing engine failures under warranty, are correct. These considerations involve complex decision-making in modern automotive engineering, influenced by sophisticated technology and warranty strategies.
Explanation:
Both Technician A and Technician B are correct in their statements. Technician A remarks that a failure analysis is beneficial for determining the most cost-effective option between repairing or replacing an engine. Modern engine complexities mean assessment is critical for understanding the financial impacts of such decisions. Meanwhile, Technician B highlights the interest manufacturers may have in retrieving a failed engine under warranty for complete analysis to understand the failure reasons and improve future manufacturing processes.
Modern car engines have become sophisticated computer-controlled systems, and professionals often require expensive computerized equipment to carry out repairs. This necessity can change the business dynamics for auto repair shops. Warranties also play a significant role, helping to distinguish between higher and lower quality cars, with longer warranties often indicating confidence from the manufacturer in the vehicle's reliability.
Final answer:
Both Technician A and Technician B are correct; Technician A emphasizes the importance of a cost-benefit analysis, while Technician B points out the manufacturer's need for quality control and improvement.
Explanation:
The question revolves around the roles and statements made by two hypothetical technicians, Technician A and Technician B, in the context of engine failure analysis in the automotive industry. Technician A contends that failure analysis is beneficial for determining if it is more cost-effective to replace rather than repair an engine, which is a question of balancing the costs of new equipment against the costs and risks of continued equipment failure. Technician B states that when an engine fails while under warranty, the manufacturer might request the engine to determine the cause of failure, which is a matter of quality control and learning from product errors to prevent future occurrences.
In this scenario, both Technician A and Technician B are correct. Technician A highlights the importance of a cost-benefit analysis when deciding to repair or replace an engine. Technician B discusses the manufacturer's interest in warranty cases which is crucial for improving the product and maintaining customer satisfaction and safety.
Suppose a dolphin sends out a series of clicks that are reflected back from the bottom of the ocean 80 m below. How much time elapses before the dolphin hears the echoes of the clicks? (The speed of sound in seawater is approximately 1530 m/s.)
Answer:
Time, t = 0.104 seconds
Explanation:
Frequency of the click of the Dolphin, f = 55.3 kHz
A dolphin sends out a series of clicks that are reflected back from the bottom of the ocean 80 m below, d = 80 m
The speed of sound in seawater is, v = 1530 m/s
Once the sound is send and reflects, the total distance covered by it is 2d such that,
[tex]t=\dfrac{2d}{v}\\\\t=\dfrac{2\times 80}{1530}\\\\t=0.104\ s[/tex]
So, the time elapses before the dolphin hears the echoes of the clicks is 0.104 seconds.
Sphere A with mass 80 kg is located at the origin of an xy coordinate system; sphere B with mass 60 kg is located at coordinates (0.25 m, 0); sphere C with mass 0.20 kg is located in the first quadrant 0.20 m from A and 0.15 m from B. In unit-vector notation, what is the gravitational force on C due to A and B?
Answer:
Fc = [ - 4.45 * 10^-8 j ] N
Explanation:
Given:-
- The masses and the position coordinates from ( 0 , 0 ) are:
Sphere A : ma = 80 kg , ( 0 , 0 )
Sphere B : ma = 60 kg , ( 0.25 , 0 )
Sphere C : ma = 0.2 kg , ra = 0.2 m , rb = 0.15
- The gravitational constant G = 6.674×10−11 m3⋅kg−1⋅s−2
Find:-
what is the gravitational force on C due to A and B?
Solution:-
- The gravitational force between spheres is given by:
F = G*m1*m2 / r^2
Where, r : The distance between two bodies (sphere).
- The vector (rac and rbc) denote the position of sphere C from spheres A and B:-
Determine the angle (α) between vectors rac and rab using cosine rule:
[tex]cos ( \alpha ) = \frac{rab^2 + rac^2 - rbc^2}{2*rab*rac} \\\\cos ( \alpha ) = \frac{0.25^2 + 0.2^2 - 0.15^2}{2*0.25*0.2}\\\\cos ( \alpha ) = 0.8\\\\\alpha = 36.87^{\circ \:}[/tex]
Determine the angle (β) between vectors rbc and rab using cosine rule:
[tex]cos ( \beta ) = \frac{rab^2 + rbc^2 - rac^2}{2*rab*rbc} \\\\cos ( \beta ) = \frac{0.25^2 + 0.15^2 - 0.2^2}{2*0.25*0.15}\\\\cos ( \beta ) = 0.6\\\\\beta = 53.13^{\circ \:}[/tex]
- Now determine the scalar gravitational forces due to sphere A and B on C:
Between sphere A and C:
Fac = G*ma*mc / rac^2
Fac = (6.674×10−11)*80*0.2 / 0.2^2
Fac = 2.67*10^-8 N
vector Fac = Fac* [ - cos (α) i + - sin (α) j ]
vector Fac = 2.67*10^-8* [ - cos (36.87°) i + -sin (36.87°) j ]
vector Fac = [ - 2.136 i - 1.602 j ]*10^-8 N
Between sphere B and C:
Fbc = G*mb*mc / rbc^2
Fbc = (6.674×10−11)*60*0.2 / 0.15^2
Fbc = 3.56*10^-8 N
vector Fbc = Fbc* [ cos (β) i - sin (β) j ]
vector Fbc = 3.56*10^-8* [ cos (53.13°) i - sin (53.13°) j ]
vector Fbc = [ 2.136 i - 2.848 j ]*10^-8 N
- The Net gravitational force can now be determined from vector additon of Fac and Fbc:
Fc = vector Fac + vector Fbc
Fc = [ - 2.136 i - 1.602 j ]*10^-8 + [ 2.136 i - 2.848 j ]*10^-8
Fc = [ - 4.45 * 10^-8 j ] N
In the space below, explain why you agree or disagree with the first statement: Each person in a family has the same traits. There are no differences in traits between parents and offspring or among siblings.
Answer:
I disagree.
Explanation:
Yes, traits may be similar, but it all depends on the dominant and recessive alleles that are passed on. No one person can look alike. Even with twins, a widow's peak or close lobes can be different.
I hope this was the brainliest answer! Thank you for letting me help you.
If deep-sea divers rise to the surface too quickly, nitrogen bubbles in their blood can expand and prove fatal. This phenomenon is known as the bends. If a scuba diver rises quickly from a depth of 25.0 m in Lake Michigan (which is fresh water), what will be the volume at the surface of an N2 bubble that occupied 1.00 mm3 in his blood at the lower depth?
Answer:
3.42 cubic mm
Explanation:
Let density of fresh water be [tex]\rho_w = 1000 kg/m^3[/tex]
And atmospheric pressure at the water surface be [tex]P_a = 101325 Pa[/tex]
Let g = 9.8 m/s2. The pressure at the dept of h = 25 m is
[tex]P = P_a + \rho_wgh = 101325 + 1000*9.8*25 = 346325 Pa[/tex]
Using ideal gas law and assume constant temperature, we have the following equation to calculate the volume at the water surface [tex]V_a[/tex], knowing that the volume at the lower depth V = 1 mm3:
[tex]P_aV_a = PV[/tex]
[tex]V_a = PV/P_a = 346325*1/101325 = 3.42 mm^3[/tex]
The volume of a nitrogen bubble in a diver's blood will expand when the pressure decreases as they rise to the surface. If the bubble was 1.00 mm3 at 25.0 m depth, it would expand to 2.5 mm3 at the surface. Rapid ascent can cause the bubbles to expand too quickly, leading to the condition known as Decompression Sickness, or The Bends.
Explanation:The volume expansion of nitrogen bubbles in a diver's blood due to rapid ascent from a certain depth is governed by Boyle's Law that states the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, assuming the temperature remains constant. When a diver rises quickly from a depth of 25.0 m (approximately 2.5 atm, as each 10m of water is approximately 1 atm) to the surface (1 atm), the pressure decreases. According to Boyle's Law, the volume would therefore increase, thus, if a nitrogen bubble occupied 1.00 mm3 at the depth, at the surface it would expand to 2.5 x 1.00 mm3, or 2.5 mm3. This is why divers must ascend slowly, to allow gases to dissipate gradually and avoid the dangerous condition known as Decompression Sickness or The Bends.
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An electric circuit consists of a variable resistor connected to a source of constant potential difference. If the resistance of the resistor is doubled, then
Does the air exert a buoyant force on all objects in air or only on objects such as balloons that are very light for their size? Does the air exert a buoyant force on all objects in air or only on objects such as balloons that are very light for their size? Air exerts a buoyant force on all objects. Air has too low a density to exert a buoyant force. Air exerts a buoyant force only on objects less dense than air. Air exerts a buoyant force only on objects more dense than air.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
Solution:-
Buoyancy is the force that causes objects to float. It is the force exerted on an object that is partly or wholly immersed in a fluid. Buoyancy is caused by the differences in pressure acting on opposite sides of an object immersed in a static fluid. It is also known as the buoyant force. Buoyancy is the phenomena due to Buoyant Force.
It is as an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an object immersed in a fluid. As we know, the pressure in a fluid column increases with depth. Thus, the pressure at the bottom of an object submerged in the fluid is greater than that at the top. The difference in this pressure results in a net upward force on the object which we define as buoyancy.
- The formula for buoyant force (Fb) is given:
Fb = ρ*g*V
- The force acts on all objects. However, it depends on the fluid density and amount of volume displaced.
- The Buoyant force exerted by air with density = 1.225 kg/m^3 on an object with volume (V) is:
Fb = ρ*g*V = 1.225*9.81*V = 12.02*V
- For the similar object with mass (m), the downward weight would be:
W = m*g
- For the object to float the buoyant force (Fb) must be greater than weight of the object:
Fb > W
12.02*V > m*9.81
V / m > 0.816
- The ratio of V / m must be at-least = 0.816.
- Assuming the object is fully immersed in air, then the volume displaced V = ρ_material*V
ρ_material < 1 / 0.816
ρ_material < 1.225 or ( ρ_air )
- So the for an object to float in air its material density must always be less than that of air. That why in balloons lighter gas is used which have density less than that of air like Helium.
Final answer:
The air exerts a buoyant force on all objects due to Archimedes' principle, which states that the force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. An object's ability to float is determined by its density relative to the surrounding air. All objects are subject to this force, whether they rise, sink, or remain suspended.
Explanation:
The air does indeed exert a buoyant force on all objects, not just on light objects like balloons. This buoyant force is a result of Archimedes' principle, which states that the force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Therefore, if an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. On the other hand, if an object's density is greater, it will sink. The key factor is the object's density relative to the air around it, determining if it will rise, fall, or remain suspended.
This principle extends to all objects in fluids, including gases such as air. It means that even objects that do not float, such as rocks or metal items, experience a buoyant force; however, this force is not enough to overcome their weight and make them float. Similarly, our bodies are buoyed by the atmosphere to some degree; it's just that the effect is not as noticeable as it is with helium balloons, which have a density much lower than that of air.
The time between a lightning flash and the following thunderclap may be used to estimate, in kilometers, how far away a storm is. How far away is a storm if 6 seconds elapse between the lightning and the thunderclap?
Given Information:
Elapsed time = t = 6 seconds
Required Information:
Distance = d = ?
Answer:
Distance = d = 2.058 km
Explanation:
We know that the speed of sound in the air is given by
v = 343 m/s
The relation between distance, speed and time is given by
distance = speed*time
substituting the given values yields,
distance = 343*6
distance = 2058 m
There are 1000 meters in 1 km so
d = 2058/1000
d = 2.058 km
Therefore, the storm is about 2.058 km away when elapse time between the lightning and the thunderclap is 6 seconds.
An automobile tire having a temperature of 6.7 ◦C (a cold tire on a cold day) is filled to a gauge pressure of 25 lb/in2 . What would be the gauge pressure in the tire when its temperature rises to 33◦C? For simplicity, assume that the volume of the tire remains constant, that the air does not leak out and that the atmospheric pressure remains constant at 14.7 lb/in2 . Answer in units of lb/in2 .
Answer: The gauge pressure in the tire when its temperature rises to 33◦C will be 28.7 lb/in2
Explanation: Please see the attachments below
A sheet of gold leaf has a thickness of 0.125 micrometer. A gold atom has a radius of 174pm. Approximately how many layers of atoms are there in the sheet?
Final answer:
To calculate the number of gold atom layers in a 0.125 micrometer thick gold leaf, convert the thickness to picometers and divide by the diameter of a gold atom, which is twice its radius of 174pm, resulting in approximately 359 layers.
Explanation:
The question "A sheet of gold leaf has a thickness of 0.125 micrometer. A gold atom has a radius of 174pm. Approximately how many layers of atoms are there in the sheet?" is asking us to calculate the number of gold atom layers in a given thickness of a gold leaf.
First, we need to convert the given thickness of the gold leaf from micrometers to picometers to match the atomic radius unit. There are 1,000,000 picometers in a micrometer, so 0.125 micrometers is equal to 125,000 picometers. Since the diameter of a gold atom is twice the radius, we have a diameter of 174pm x 2 = 348pm. Now, to find out how many atoms can fit in the thickness, we divide the total thickness by the diameter of one atom:
125,000 pm / 348 pm ~= 359 layers of atoms
Therefore, there are approximately 359 layers of gold atoms in the sheet of gold leaf.
There are approximately 20 layers of atoms in the sheet of gold leaf.
To determine the number of layers of atoms in the sheet of gold leaf, we need to compare the thickness of the sheet with the diameter of a single gold atom.
First, we convert the thickness of the gold leaf from micrometers to picometers (pm) to match the units of the gold atom's diameter.
Since 1 micrometer is equal to 1000 picometers, the thickness of the gold leaf in picometers is:
[tex]\[ 0.125 \times 1000 = 125 \text{ pm} \][/tex]
Next, we need to consider the diameter of a gold atom, which is twice the radius.
Given that the radius is 174 pm, the diameter is:
Using the FCC packing efficiency of 74%, we get:
[tex]\[ \frac{1}{0.74} \approx 1.35 \][/tex]
Again, rounding up to the nearest whole number, we get 2 layers.
Therefore, considering the packing efficiency of gold atoms in the sheet, there are approximately 20 layers of atoms in the sheet of gold leaf.
A student throws a 130 g snowball at 6.5 m/s at the side of the schoolhouse, where it hits and sticks. What is the magnitude of the average force on the wall if the duration of the collision is 0.18 s?
Answer:
4.7 N
Explanation:
130 g = 0.13 kg
The momentum of the snowball when it's thrown at the wall is
[tex]p = mv = 0.13*6.5 = 0.845 kgm/s[/tex]
Which is also the impulse. From here we can calculate the magnitude of the average force F knowing the duration of the collision is 0.18 s
[tex]p = F\Delta t[/tex]
[tex]F*0.18 = 0.845[/tex]
[tex]F = 0.845 / 0.18 = 4.7 N[/tex]
If an alloyed guitar B string (147 Hz resonance) has an average diameter of .6 mm over an effective oscillating length of 65 cm, what is the tension in Newtons if the alloy is 10% aluminum and 90% copper? (assume the specific gravities of the metals are 2.6 and 8.9 grams per cubic centimeter, respectively)
Answer:
73.8 N
Explanation:
The total volume is,
V = [tex]\frac{m_Al}{P_Al} = \frac{m_copper}{P_copper}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{10m}{(100)(2.6)} = \frac{90m}{(100)(8.9)}[/tex]
= 0.1396 m
The average density is,
[tex]p = \frac{m}{V}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{m}{0.1396}[/tex]
= 7.169 g/cm³
The linear mass density is,
μ = pπr²
= (7.169 x 10⁹) (π (0.3 x 10⁻³)²)
= 2.026 x 10⁻³ Kg/m
The fundamental mode of length is,
L = λ/2
λ=2L
= 2 x 0.65
= 1.3 m
The speed of the wave is,
v = λf
= 1.3 m x 147 Hz
= 1.91 m/s
The tension is,
v = √T/ц
T = ц v²
= 2.026 x 10⁻³)(1.91 m/s)²
= 73.769N
73.8N
Describe what is happening within the system when it is at equilibrium in terms of concentrations
Answer:
When a system is at equilibrium in terms of concentration what happens is that the rate of change of the concentration of the product and the reactants does not vary or change with time.
Explanation:
What is equilibrium?
A chemical reaction is in equilibrium when the concentrations of reactants and products are constant - their ratio does not vary.
Equilibrium does not necessarily mean that reactants and products are present in equal amounts. It means that the reaction has reached a point where the concentrations of the reactant and product are unchanging with time, because the forward and backward reactions have the same rate.
Final answer:
A chemical system at equilibrium reflects no net change in reactant and product concentrations. Upon a concentration change, Le Chatelier's principle dictates that the system will adjust to partially counteract the change and set up a new equilibrium.
Explanation:
When a system is at equilibrium, it means no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products takes place. This is because the rate of the forward reaction, in which reactants are converted into products, is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, in which products transform back into reactants. However, when there is a change in concentration of either reactants or products during equilibrium, the system responds according to Le Chatelier's principle. This principle states that the system will adjust to partially counteract the change and reestablish a new equilibrium state.
For example, if you were to increase the concentration of a reactant, the system tends to counter this by producing more product, essentially shifting the equilibrium to the right. Conversely, if you decrease the concentration of a product, the system will proceed to produce more of that product from the reactants, again shifting the reaction to the right, until a new equilibrium is established.
The magnetic field within a long, straight solenoid with a circular cross section and radius r is increasing at a rate of dbdt. part a what is the rate of change of flux through a circle with radius r1 inside the solenoid, normal to the axis of the solenoid, and with center on the solenoid axis? express your answer in terms of the variables r, b, r1, and appropriate constants.
Answer:
[tex]\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}=\frac{d(\pi r_1^2B)}{dt}=\pi r_1^2\frac{dB}{dt}[/tex]
Explanation:
To calculate the rate of change of the flux we have to take into account that the magnetic flux is given by
[tex]\Phi_B=\vec{B}\cdot \vec{A}[/tex]
in this case the direction of B is perpendicular to the direction of A. Hence
[tex]\Phi_B=BA[/tex]
and A is the area of a circle:
[tex]A=\pi r^2[/tex]
in this case we are interested in the flux of a area of a lower radius r1. Hence
[tex]A=\pi r_1^2[/tex]
Finally, the change in the magnetic flux will be
[tex]\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}=\frac{d(\pi r_1^2B)}{dt}=\pi r_1^2\frac{dB}{dt}[/tex]
hope this helps!!
A student throws a rock horizontally from the edge of a cliff that is 20 m high. The rock has an initial speed of 10 m/s. If air resistance is negligible, the distance from the base of the cliff to where the rock hits the level ground below the cliff is most nearly
a.5m
b.10m
c.20m
d.40m
e.200m
Answer:
c.20
Explanation:
Which category of materials allows electrons to travel through them freely
Complete the sentence to explain when waves interact.
Waves interact with
and other
.
Answer:
Objects and waves
Explanation:
Answer:
Objects, Waves.
Explanation:
Use the following terms to write a short paragraph that describes what you learned from this lab: potential energy, kinetic energy, mass, velocity, collision and momentum. (underline or bold the terms in your paragraph, thank you!)
please help me~
due tomorrow at 12 pm
Answer:
Kinetic Energy is proportional to mass and velocity squared. Potential energy can be transferred to and from Kinetic Energy by doing work on a mass to raise it from the ground. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved during elastic collisions.
The lab illustrated energy transformation from potential to kinetic, the role of mass and velocity in kinetic energy and momentum, and the principles of elastic collision conserving total kinetic energy and momentum.
Explanation:Through this lab, I better understood the concepts of energy and its transformation. Initially, an object at rest on a height possesses potential energy, which depends on its mass and the height from the ground. As it falls, this potential energy converts into kinetic energy, which is directly proportional to the mass of the object and the square of its velocity. Moreover, when two objects collide, they exchange energy and momentum, where momentum is calculated as the product of an object's mass and velocity.
An elastic collision is a special scenario in which the total kinetic energy before and after the collision remains the same, demonstrating the law of conservation of momentum and kinetic energy.
3 examples of mechanical force we use in daily life?
Answer:
Picking up a cup, throw or stop a ball, eating food.
Explanation:
A mechanical force can be defined as a force that features some direct contact between two objects (one applying the force and another which is in a state of rest or in a state of motion) and results in the production of a change in the state of the object (state of rest or state of motion).
So anything that moves an object to a different state of rest.
Killer whales are known to reach 32 ft in length and have a mass of over 8,000 kg. They are also very quick, able to accelerate up to 30 mi/h in a matter of seconds. Disregarding the considerable drag force of the water, calculate the average power a killer whale named Shamu with mass 8.00 x 103 kg would need to generate to reach a speed of 12 m/s in 6 s
Answer:
Power, P = 96 kW
Explanation:
Mass of Shamu, m = 8000 kg
Initial velocity, u = 0
Final velocity, v = 12 m/s
We need to find the average power of the whale. It is equal to the work done per unit time. Work done is equal to the change in kinetic energy. So,
[tex]P=\dfrac{\Delta K}{t}\\\\P=\dfrac{mv^2}{2t}\\\\P=\dfrac{8000\times 12^2}{2\times 6}\\\\P=96000\ W[/tex]
or
P = 96 kW
So, the average power of the killer whale is 96 kW.
Final answer:
To calculate the average power Shamu the killer whale needs to generate to reach a speed of 12 m/s in 6 seconds, we first find the acceleration and then use it to calculate the work done. Dividing the work by the time gives us the average power, which is 96 kilowatts (kW).
Explanation:
The question asks us to calculate the average power required for a killer whale named Shamu to accelerate up to a speed of 12 m/s in 6 seconds, ignoring the drag of water. To find the power, we first need to calculate the work done in accelerating Shamu, and then divide that work by the time taken to find the average power.
Calculating Work Done
Work done is given by the equation:
Work = Force × Distance
First, we need the acceleration, which can be found using the equation:
Acceleration (a) = (Final speed - Initial speed) / Time
Since Shamu is starting from rest, the initial speed is 0. Thus, the acceleration is:
a = (12 m/s - 0 m/s) / 6 s = 2 m/s²
Next, we use Newton's second law to find the force:
Force = Mass × Acceleration
Force = 8.00 × 10³ kg × 2 m/s² = 16,000 N
Now we find the distance covered using the equation:
Distance = (Initial speed + Final speed) / 2 × Time
Distance = (0 + 12 m/s) / 2 × 6 s = 36 m
Thus, work done = 16,000 N × 36 m = 576,000 J
Calculating Average Power
Average power is work done divided by time:
Power = Work / Time
Power = 576,000 J / 6 s = 96,000 W or 96 kW
The average power generated by Shamu to reach the required speed is 96 kilowatts (kW).
Two technicians are discussing a problem where the brake pedal travels too far before the vehicle starts to slow. Technician A says that the brakes may be out of adjustment. Technician B says that one circuit from the master cylinder may be leaking or defective. Which technician is correct?
Answer:
Technician A
Explanation:
If Technician B was correct, and the master cylinder is defective - then no braking action would occur.
This is not true however, as some breaking action eventually occurs, meaning it must be out of adjustment.
Both Technician A, suggesting the brakes are out of adjustment, and Technician B, suggesting a leak or defect in the master cylinder, could be correct in the scenario of extended brake pedal travel before the vehicle slows.
Explanation:Both Technician A and Technician B could be correct in diagnosing a problem where the brake pedal travels too far before the vehicle starts to slow down. Technician A suggests that the brakes may be out of adjustment. If the brakes are not properly adjusted, the brake pads or shoes may be too far from the rotor or drum, causing the pedal to travel further before the pads make contact and slow the vehicle.
Technician B considers a hydraulic issue, proposing that one circuit from the master cylinder may be leaking or defective. In a hydraulic brake system, if there is a leak or a defect in one of the cylinders, it could result in a loss of pressure when the brake pedal is applied. This loss of pressure means the braking force is not adequately transmitted to the brake pads, leading to increased pedal travel.
Hydraulic brakes use Pascal's principle, where pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions. The master cylinder, when the brake pedal is applied, generates pressure that is transferred to the slave cylinders located at each wheel. If the master cylinder is compromised or out of adjustment, the result is insufficient pressure and force at the slave cylinders, hence longer pedal travel before effective braking occurs.
A conducting loop is lying flat on the ground. The north pole of a bar magnet is grought down toward the loop. As the magnet approaches the loop, will the magnetic field created by the induced current point up of down?
Answer:
The current in the loop will flow in anticlockwise direction , and the magnetic field created by the induced current point up.
Explanation:
When musicians tune their instruments, they listen for "beats" in the sound the instruments produce when matched to a standard pitch. These beats are moments when the sound becomes louder, then softer, then louder again. Musicians adjust the pitch of their instruments until they do not hear any more beats in the tuning process. Which statements explain the phenomenon described in the scenario? Check all that apply. 1.The moments of loudness represent constructive interference. 2.The tuning process depends on diffraction. 3.The moments of softness represent destructive interference. 4.The beats are produced by reflections. 5.The instrument is tuned when the frequencies of the standard and the instrument align.
Answer:
1. The moments of loudness represent constructive interference.
3.The moments of softness represent destructive interference.
5. The instrument is tuned when the frequencies of the standard and the instrument align.
Explanation:
Beats are the periodic and repeating fluctuations heard in the intensity of a sound when two sound waves of very similar frequencies interfere with one another.
Constructive interference is the process whereby two waves of identical wavelength that are in phase form a new wave with an amplitude equal to the sum of their individual amplitudes.
In the case of musical instruments, the loudness is due to a wave of larger amplitude formed as a result of the constructive interference of two waves that are in phase
Destructive Interference is the interference of two waves of equal frequency and opposite phase, resulting in the formation of a wave of lesser amplitude or even total cancellation.
The softness in sound is due to the destructive interference of two waves in opposite phase.
When there is an alignment in the frequency of the standard and the instrument, the instrument is tuned
Answer:
1. The moments of loudness represent constructive interference.
3.The moments of softness represent destructive interference.
5. The instrument is tuned when the frequencies of the standard and the instrument align.
Explanation:
if an electron in an electron beam experiences a downward force of 2.0x10^-14N while traveling in a magnetic field of 8.3x10^-2T west, what are the direction and the magnitude of the velocity?
Answer:
[tex]1.51\cdot 10^6 m/s[/tex] north
Explanation:
When a charged particle moves in a magnetic field, the particle experiences a force given by the formula:
[tex]F=qvB sin \theta[/tex]
where
q is the magnitude of the charge
v is its velocity
B is the magnetic field
[tex]\theta[/tex] is the angle between the directions of v and B
In this problem,
[tex]q=1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C[/tex] (charge of the electron)
[tex]B=8.3\cdot 10^{-2} T[/tex] (strength of magnetic field)
[tex]F=2.0\cdot 10^{-14} N[/tex] (force)
[tex]\theta=90^{\circ}[/tex]
Therefore, the velocity is
[tex]v=\frac{F}{qB sin \theta}=\frac{2.0\cdot 10^{-14}}{(1.6\cdot 10^{-19})(8.3\cdot 10^{-2})(sin 90^{\circ})}=1.51\cdot 10^6 m/s[/tex]
The direction of the force is perpendicular to both the direction of the velocity and the magnetic field, and it can be found using the right-hand rule:
. Thumb: direction of the force (downward) --> however the charge is negative, so this direction must be reversed: upward
- Middle finger: direction of the field (west)
- Index finger: direction of velocity --> north
So, the electron is travelling north.