How does substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon affect the resulting compound?

A.
All the single bonds in the original molecule change to double bonds.
B.
The boiling point of the new compound increases.
C.
The bonds between the carbon atoms in the molecule become weaker.
D.
The resulting compound is called a saturated hydrocarbon.
E.
The substitution allows each carbon atom to accept more than four valence electrons.

Among all the given options, the correct option is option D. Electrons are shared when molecules are formed.

It's not always clear what a molecule, compound, or atom means. Here are some examples of typical molecules along with an explanation about what a molecule are (and is not). When a group of atoms interact chemically, molecules are created. Whether the atoms are identical or dissimilar to one another is unimportant.

Elements' lone atoms are not molecules. O, the symbol for oxygen, is not really a molecule. When oxygen forms a link with another element or with itself, molecules are created. Electrons are shared when molecules are formed. Both simple and complicated molecules exist.

Therefore, the correct option is option D.

To learn more about molecules, here:

https://brainly.com/question/29254782

#SPJ2

               Option-A (BaTiSi₃O₉)

Step 1: Calculate Moles of each Element;

                      Moles of Ba  =  %Ba ÷ At.Mass of Ba

                      Moles of Ba  = 33.21 ÷ 137.33

                      Moles of Ba  =  0.241 mol

                      Moles of Ti  =  %Ti ÷ At.Mass of Ti

                      Moles of Ti  = 11.58 ÷ 47.88

                      Moles of Ti  =   0.241 mol

                      Moles of Si  =  %Si ÷ At.Mass of Si

                      Moles of Si  = 20.38 ÷ 28.09

                      Moles of Si  =  0.725 mol

                      Moles of O  =  %O ÷ At.Mass of O

                      Moles of O  = 34.83 ÷ 16.0

                      Moles of O  =  2.176 mol

Step 2: Find out mole ratio and simplify it;

       Ba                            Ti                                Si                          O

     0.241                       0.241                          0.725                    2.176

 0.241/0.241           0.241/0.241                0.725/0.241            2.176/0.241

         1                             1                                    3                           9 

Hence,  Empirical Formula  =  BaTiSi₃O₉

Step 3: Calculating Molecular Formula:

Molecular formula is calculated by using following formula,

                    Molecular Formula  =  n × Empirical Formula  ---- (1)

Also, n is given as,

                     n  =  Molecular Weight / Empirical Formula Weight

Molecular Weight  =  413.44 g.mol⁻¹

Empirical Formula Weight  =  137.33 (Ba) + 47.88(Ti) + 28.09 (Si₃) + 16 (O₉)  =  413.48 g.mol⁻¹

So,

                     n  =  413.44 g.mol⁻¹ ÷ 413.48 g.mol⁻¹

                     n  =  1

Putting Empirical Formula and value of "n" in equation 1,

                    Molecular Formula  = 1 × BaTiSi₃O₉

                   Molecular Formula  =  BaTiSi₃O₉

Answer:

A.  

BaTiSi3O9

Explanation:

the molecular formula for the mineral benitoite is  BaTiSi3O9

drop a like if brainly is life

Dalton's atomic theory was not the first to propose tiny indestructible pieces of matter, and it was not based on experimental evidence from leading scientists.

The false statement about Dalton's atomic theory is number 3. While Dalton's theory was significant in proposing that matter consists of tiny indestructible pieces, it was not the first theory to do so. The idea of atoms had been previously suggested by the Greek philosopher Democritus. Dalton's theory also did not incorporate experimental evidence from leading scientists of his time, so statement 4 is also false. Despite these inaccuracies, the other two statements are true: scientists have indeed improved parts of Dalton's atomic theory, and some parts of the theory are no longer accepted as correct.

https://brainly.com/question/11682922

#SPJ2

This missing mass is known as the mass defect, and represents the binding energy of the nucleus. The binding energy in the carbon-12 atom is therefore 0.098931 u * 931.5 MeV/u = 92.15 MeV.

Pressure will increase

If gas is moved from a large container to a small container but its temperature and number of moles remain the same then its pressure will increase. Because whenever a gas is moved from a large container toward small container it pressures increases this is also true for liquids there pressure also increases when they move from a large surface area to small surface area.

Hey there!:

H is always +1 so the H's have a +3 charge.

O is always -2 so the O's have a -8 charge .

Now, suppose oxidation state for P = X , then :

+3  + X + (-8) = 0      (because of neutral molecule)

x = 8 - 3

x = + 5

So, X = +5 oxidation state.

Answer  C

Hope that helps!

Given:

Force acting on the car moving it to the right = F1= 300 N

Force due to friction and air resistance moving it to the left = F2 = 150 N

To determine:

The net force on the car

Explanation:

Force is a vector. The force of friction acts in a direction opposite to the applied force.

If, F1 = 300N, right, then F2 = -150 N, left

Therefore, the net force acting on the car will be:

F = F1+F2 = 300 - 150 = 150 N

Ans: Since the force acting on the right is greater, the car will experience a net force of 150 N which will accelerate it to the right

Consider the balanced equation below.

4NH3 + 3O2  2N2 + 6H2O  

What is the mole ratio of NH3 to N2?    4:2

Answer:

Mole ratio NH3: N2 = 4:2

Explanation:

The given equation depicts the reaction between ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2) to form nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O). The balanced equation is:

[tex]4NH_{3} +3 O_{2} \rightarrow 2 N_{2}+ 6H2O[\tex]

Based on the reaction stoichiometry:

4 moles of NH3 combines with 3 moles of O2 to form 2 moles of N2 and 6 moles of H2O

Thus the mole ratio of NH3: N2 = 4:2 (or 2:1)

Answer is: The chemical equation must be balanced so that it follows the law of conservation of mass.

For example, ablanced chemical reaction:  

Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + Li₂SO₄(aq) → PbSO₄(s) + 2LiNO₃(aq).

According to law (principle) of mass conservation, number of atoms must be equal on both side of balanced chemical reaction.  

There are two lithium atoms, one lead atom, one sulfur atom, ten oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms on both side of reaction.

A chemical equation should be balanced because of law of mass conservation.

Given that the pancake mix can be used for the preparation of 10 pancakes. The other ingredients added to the pancake mix would be eggs, cheese, milk, salt and baking soda. If all of thee ingredients are added to the pan cake mix in required proportions, we can make 10 pan cakes. So, the theoretical yield will be 10 pancakes. But in real Sam was able to prepare only 8 pancakes. That means the number of pancakes produced was limited by the amount of other ingredients. So, the actual yield will be 8 pancakes.

Hence the correct answer B) Theoretical yield

Final answer:

The number 10 represents the theoretical yield, as it is the amount of pancakes anticipated by the recipe. Sam's 8 pancakes represent the actual yield, which is often less than the theoretical yield.

Explanation:

When Sam makes 8 pancakes from the mix, while the box indicates that it makes 10, the number 10 represents the theoretical yield. This is because the theoretical yield is the amount of product that could be made based on the recipe or, in chemical terms, the amount calculated using stoichiometric methods. In contrast, the actual yield is the amount of product actually produced, which in Sam's case is 8 pancakes. The actual yield is often less than the theoretical yield, due to factors such as incomplete reactions or measurement inaccuracies.

Answer: 25.3

Explanation:

The question aks to convert 19 quibs, which is the amount of skvarnick that you obtained, to sleps.

Since, you are given the equivalence between sleps and quibs, you can build your own conversion factor, which is how the sciientific calculations are made:

Now, you can multiply 19 quibs by the conversion factor:

The quibs units cancel out since they are in the numerator and denominator, leaving only sleps.

Ionization energy increases from left to right because the left wants to lose elctrons and the right wants to gain electron

As you go a group it is easier lose lose because the electrons are farther away from the nucleus and there is less attraction from the positive charges.

It should be 3p3. the p level can hold 6 electrons

Rubidium group 1, 1 valence electrons very reactive

Mg2,2 very reactive

Al 3, 3 reactive

Ionization energy increases from left to right across a period due to increased nuclear charge and decreases down a group due to electron shielding. The provided electron configuration for phosphorus is incorrect because it adds an electron in the 4s orbital before the 3p orbitals are filled. Reactivity for Rubidium, Magnesium, and Aluminum varies based on their eagerness to lose valence electrons, with Rubidium being the most reactive.

Ionization Energy Trends in the Periodic Table

Ionization energy refers to the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Moving from left to right across a period, ionization energy tends to increase. This is because, as you move across a period, atoms have more protons (adding to the effective nuclear charge), but the additional electrons are being added to the same energy level. The increased nuclear charge attracts the electrons more strongly, making it harder to remove an electron. Therefore, ionization energy increases.

When moving down a group, ionization energy decreases due to the electron shielding effect. Each additional energy level adds more electrons between the nucleus and outermost electrons, which shield the outermost electrons from the nucleus's pull. With less effective nuclear charge on the outermost electrons, they are easier to remove, hence the lower ionization energy.

Incorrect Electron Configuration for Phosphorus

The electron configuration provided (1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p², 4s¹) is incorrect because it places an electron in the 4s orbital when there are still unoccupied p orbitals in the third shell. The correct configuration for a neutral atom of phosphorus is 1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p³, filling the 3p orbitals before proceeding to the next energy level.

Reactivity of Selected Metals

Rubidium (Rb): Group 1, 1 valence electron; very high reactivity due to its eagerness to lose its single valence electron and achieve a stable noble gas configuration.

Magnesium (Mg): Group 2, 2 valence electrons; high reactivity owing to its tendency to lose two valence electrons to reach a stable configuration.

Aluminum (Al): Group 13, 3 valence electrons; moderate reactivity as it requires more energy to remove three valence electrons compared to elements in groups 1 and 2.

Answer: Option 1, 4 and 5 describe acids accurately.

Explanation:

Option 1: Acids have a sour taste because of the concentration of [tex]H^+[/tex] ion.

Option 2: They are corrosive in nature, that is they are not at all gentle with the skin and fabric as some acids intend to burn skin such as [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] is a strong acid which can burn skin as well as fabric.

Option 3: Acids need electrons to release [tex]H^+[/tex] ions and non-metals do not donate electrons hence, there is no reaction between a non-metal and an acid.

Option 4: All acids do contain hydrogen. They dissociate in the presence of water to produce [tex]H^+[/tex] ions.

                                 [tex]HCl\overset{H_2O}{\rightarrow} H^++Cl^-[/tex]

Option 5: Acids do conduct electricity that is they carry electrical charges. This was explained by Arrhenius. He said that the acids dissociate into [tex]H^+[/tex]ions, when it is dissolved in water. These ions hence acts as charge carriers in water.

When they are close together and can slide, it will be in the state of a liquid, which takes a particular volume, but not a form.

When energy is decreased, the atoms move slower, and eventually locked in place, which will give it a fixed form, i.e. a solid.

The change of state is therefore that from a liquid to a solid, i.e. freezing.

Explanation:

As we known that atoms in a liquid substance are closer to each other and they are able to slide past each other because the attractive forces between them are neither too strong or too weak.

Hence, liquid substance are able to take the shape of a vessel in which they are placed. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.

On the other hand, atoms of a solid do not have enough kinetic energy. As they are held by strong attractive forces and they only vibrate at their mean position.

Hence, solids have fixed shape and volume.

Thus, we can conclude that in the given situation liquid to solid change of state is taking place.

The empirical formula is Ca₃P₂O₈.

Assume that you have 100 g of the compound.

Then you have 38.76 g Ca, 19.97 g P, and 41.28 g O.

Now, we must convert these masses to moles and find their ratios.

If the number in the ratio are not close to integers, you multiply them by a number that makes them close to integers.

From here on, I like to summarize the calculations in a table.

Element  Mass/g     Moles         Ratio       ×2       Integers  

     Ca       38.76      0.967 07     1.4998   2.9995         3

     P         19.97       0.644 82     1             2                   2

     O        41.28       2.580 0       4.0011   8.0023          8

The empirical formula is Ca₃P₂O₈.

The empirical formula for this compound in the given case would be - Ca₃P₂O₈ or  [tex]Ca_3(PO_4)_2[/tex].

Let assume the given compound is 100g than the molar quantities of each element.

=> Moles of calcium

=  

=  0.967 mol

=> Moles of phosphorus

=  [tex]\frac{19.97g}{31.0g}[/tex]  

=  0.644 mol

=> Moles of oxygen

=

= 2.58 mol

Multiply integers of molecules by a number that makes them close to integers.

Element  Mass/g     Moles         Ratio       ×2       Integers       

Ca       38.76      0.967 07     1.4998       2.9995         3     

P         19.97       0.644 82     1                   2                2     

O        41.28       2.580 0       4.0011        8.0023          8

Thus, the empirical formula is Ca₃P₂O₈.  

Learn more about the empirical formula:

https://brainly.com/question/11588623

Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. Examples of objects with kinetic energy include a moving car, a flying bird, and a rolling ball. The kinetic energy of these objects depends on their mass and speed.

In the realm of physics, kinetic energy refers to the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. Here are three examples of objects that exhibit kinetic energy:

https://brainly.com/question/33783036

#SPJ2

When you decrease the pressure, molecules don't hit each other as often and the rate of reaction decreases. Pressure is also related to concentration and volume. By decreasing the volume available to the molecules of gas, you are increasing the concentration of molecules in a specific space.

Lowering the amont of reactants

PWR stands for many things. Since you're talking about nuclear power reactors I think PWR stands for pressurized water reactor.

A pressurized water reactor follows many steps but the main goal is to obtain thermal energy from water.

Hope it helped,

BioTeacher101

[tex]174 \; \text{protons} / (29 \; \text{copper atoms} \cdot \text{proton}^{-1}) = 6 \; \text{copper atoms}[/tex]

Thus 174 protons would make at most 6 copper atoms. However, it would take 174 extra electrons (29 per atom) and even more neutrons than that to construct neutral copper atoms with stable nuclei.

The best method to separate a mixture of water and pentane is distillation, utilizing their different vapor pressures to achieve separation. Hence, option d) distillation is correct.

To separate a liquid mixture of water (H₂O) and pentane (C₅H₁₂), the best method would be distillation. The process of distillation involves choosing which parts of a liquid mixture to evaporate and condense. The difference in the vapour pressures, or volatilities, of the individual components is the basis of separation. This process leverages the significant difference in the vapor pressures of the two liquids. By heating the mixture, the component with the higher vapor pressure (in this case, pentane) will vaporize first. The vapor can then be condensed back into a liquid and collected, effectively separating it from water. The process of decanting involves separating mixtures of immiscible liquids or liquids and solids, like a suspension. Filtration is a physical technique that uses a filter media with a complicated structure that only allows fluid to flow through to separate solid matter and fluid from a mixture. Chromatography is a technique for separation in which a stationary phase is pushed through a liquid or gaseous mobile phase containing the analyte.

Hello!

So, we are given a ball with a density of 1100 kg/m³, and two liquids: water (1000 kg/m³) and honey (1400 kg/m³). Our goal is to determine if the ball will sink or float in the given liquids.

Let's take two common substances: water and ice. Water has a density of 1000 kg/m³ and ice has a density of about 917 kg/m³. You would notice that the ice is always floating when you put ice and water together. This would occur if you have other substances.

Here's what you should know:

Since the ball has a density of 1100 kg/m³, and water's density is 1000 kg/m³, then the ball will sink. If the ball is placed in honey, then it will float because the density of honey (1400 kg/m³) is greater than the ball's density.

Therefore, objects with a greater density than the surrounding liquid sink, while objects with a smaller density than the surrounding liquid float, which is the fourth choice.

Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Sodium has atomic number 11 ans its electronic configuration is [tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}[/tex].

Sodium has one extra electron. Therefore , in order to gain stability sodium readily loses an electron to an electronegative atom. Hence, it becomes stable.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options, Na is the most reactive metal.

Answer: phosphorous (P)

Explanation: Trust Me :)

Answer:

the answer is phosphorous

Explanation:

I just took test and got 100%

Answer:

Explanation:

The given number is 6.02 × 10⁹. It is written is scientific notation.

As you see it has two parts:

If the exponent is negative means that the decimal point must be moved to the left and if the exponent is positive means that the decimal point must be moved to the right.

In the number 6.02 × 10⁹ the exponent is 9, so you must move the decimal point 9 places to the right:

Carbon atoms have the unique ability to form stable covalent bonds with themselves and other elements, enabling them to create large and complex macromolecules. This versatility allows for the formation of carbon-based macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Carbon's bonding properties are crucial to the diversity and functionality of organic molecules in living organisms.

The structure of a carbon atom is such that it can form stable covalent bonds with a variety of other atoms, including itself. This unique capability enables carbon to act as a building block for large molecules or macromolecules, essential to life. For instance, carbon's ability to bond with up to four different atoms allows for the formation of complex structures such as long chains, branching chains, and rings -- all of which are foundational structures in organic chemistry.

Macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids all utilize carbon as their structural backbone. These macromolecules are essentially polymers, made of repeating units called monomers. These monomers, comparable to beads on a string, covalently bond together to form the larger polymers. The great variety of ways these carbon-based monomers combine results in the extraordinary diversity of organic compounds found in living organisms.

The ability to form multiple bonds with itself and other elements leads to a nearly limitless array of organic molecules. This property is foundational to the fields of organic chemistry and biochemistry, which study the complex molecules that determine the forms and functions of living systems.

Final answer:

The carbon atom's unique capacity to form stable covalent bonds with up to four different atoms, including itself, enables the construction of assorted large molecules essential for life, such as macromolecules and biochemistry's complex structures.

Explanation:

The structure of a carbon atom enables it to form large molecules due to its unique ability to establish stable covalent bonds with a wide variety of atoms, including other carbon atoms. A carbon atom can bond to as many as four different atoms simultaneously, creating a flexible backbone for macromolecules and allowing for the formation of complex structures. This versatility is evident in the fact that carbon is at the heart of an immense diversity of organic compounds, ranging from simple monomers to complex polymers and various functional groups. Carbon's capacity for forming long chains, branches, and rings plays a crucial role in the development of complex molecules needed for life, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

The ability of carbon to link with other elements like nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus further expands the repertoire of biological macromolecules. Subsequently, this accounts for the vast diversity of forms and functions in living organisms, earning carbon a central place in the study of biochemistry.

Petroleum is a primary source of hydrocarbons. Therefore, the correct option is option C among all the given option.

Only hydrogen and carbon atoms make up the organic molecules known as hydrocarbons. They are the basic elements that make up fossil fuels including coal, oil, and natural gas. Hydrocarbons have a wide range of uses and are essential to many sectors of the economy, including manufacturing, energy, transportation, and agriculture. The energy component of hydrocarbons is one of its primary uses. Hydrocarbons are dependable sources of energy since they burn with a lot of heat released. Petroleum is a primary source of hydrocarbons.

To know more about hydrocarbon, here:

https://brainly.com/question/30907363

#SPJ4