Answer: pumps, passive and active transport.
Explanation:
The plasma membrane separate the cell from external environmental, it is selectively permeable.
The plasma membrane is made of lipid bilayer. Only lipid soluble molecules can diffuse through the lipid layer. Water and ions are impermeable and require carrier mediated transport.The plasma membrane also contain integral protein that control the entry and exit of polar molecules and ions through transport mechanism.
Transport mechanism are
1. Passive transport
2. Active transport
3. Pumps
The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell through selective permeability and processes like passive and active transport. Additionally, it contains protein channels and carrier proteins that assist in the transfer of specific molecules.
Explanation:The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, controls what enters and leaves the cell through its selective permeability. This means it only allows certain substances to cross it. This is achieved through various processes including passive transport (like diffusion and osmosis), where substances move from an area of high concentration to low concentration; and active transport, where the cell uses energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Moreover, the plasma membrane also has protein channels and carrier proteins that assist in the tranportation of specific molecules.
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The energy to sustain normal daily activities is provided by
Answer:
Carbohydrates.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are very essential food nutrients that meet out our entire cellular energy requirement. They play a special role of providing energy during exercise and are commonly found is grains (wheat, rice) , fruits, vegetable, milk products and beans. They make human being sharper and provide energy for all their metabolic process with in the body.
Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugar molecules such as glucose, fructose, and galactose.
which of these is NOT true of cells?a. they are much like empty rooms.b. they were first discovered in the 1600sc. they can be found in pond waterd. they contain a huge array of working parts
Answer:
The answer is a. they are much like empty rooms.
Explanation:
Cells are pretty much the opposite of empty rooms. There are many organelles and processes happening in them, so there's no space for empty rooms. Even when there are spaces, which anyway would be full of liquid, these spaces have a purpose.
When we say that a liquid has a high viscosity, we mean that itA) is runny like water.B) flows slowly like honey.C) is very dark in color.D) is very light in color.E) conducts electricity.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Viscosity is the state of how thick and sticky a liquid is. the lower the viscosity, the quicker the liquid flows, the higher viscosity, the slower the liquid goes.
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
This is becaus the word "viscous" means thick, or flows slowly
Identify the muscular structure that anchors the lens in place.
Answer:
ciliary body
Explanation:
The association of ciliary muscles known as ciliary body is responsible for keeping the lens at its right position. Ciliary is circular structure which is just extension of iris. Ciliary muscles regulate the shape of eye lens in order to clearly focus on objects.
There are three layers ciliary bodies or IRIS
a) Endothelium,
b) Stroma
c) Epithelium.
The ciliary muscle, part of the ciliary body, is the muscular structure in the human eye that anchors the lens in place. It adjusts the lens's shape for near or distant vision through a process called accommodation.
Explanation:In regards to the anatomy of the human eye, the muscular structure that anchors the lens in place is known as the ciliary muscle. This muscle is part of the ciliary body, which also comprises the ciliary processes. When the ciliary muscle contracts or relaxes, it alters the shape of the lens, thus adjusting the eye's focus for near or distant vision. This phenomenon is known as accommodation.
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Parietal cells of the gastric glands in the stomach produce
Answer:
HCL and intrinsic factor
Explanation:
The oxyntic cells/ delomorphous cells also called as parietal cells. The cells are present in the gastric glands the fundus lining and cardia. These parietal cells are the epithelial cells. The cells secretes intrinsic factor and HCL (hydrochloric acid).
The hydrochloric acid secreted helps in converting inactive pepsinogen to active enzyme pepsin. This helps to break bond between amino acids. This process is called proteolysis. The intrinsic factor helps in vitamin B12 absorption from the intestine and absence of this factor is responsible for pernicious anemia.
Final answer:
Parietal cells in the stomach's gastric glands produce hydrochloric acid, which contributes to the stomach's acidity and activates digestive enzymes, and intrinsic factor, which is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption.
Explanation:
The parietal cells of the gastric glands are primarily located in the middle region of the gastric glands in the stomach. They are highly differentiated epithelial cells responsible for secreting both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. Hydrochloric acid plays a crucial role in maintaining the stomach's high acidity, with a pH range of 1.5 to 3.5, enabling the activation of pepsin, an enzyme crucial for protein digestion. The acidity also acts as a protective barrier by killing ingested bacteria and denaturing proteins for easier digestion. Intrinsic factor, on the other hand, is vital for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine, important for preventing pernicious anemia.
Blood types are determined by the presence of protein located on
Answer:
Red blood cells.
Explanation:
Our blood is made up of blood cells and plasma which is an aqueous fluid. Blood type is determined by the identifiers presence and absence which is present on the surface of red blood cells. These identifiers are known as antigens which helps in the immune system to identify its own red blood cell types.
There are 4 types of blood type:
A, B, O, and AB. These blood types are determined with the help of the antigen which is present on the surface of the blood cell and antibodies which is present in the plasma.
The crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster planci, preys on the flesh of live coral. If coral animals are attacked by these sea stars, then what actually provides nutrition to the sea star, and which chemical (besides the toxin within their nematocysts) do the corals rely on for protection?
A) medusae; silica
B) polyps; silica
C) exoskeleton; calcium carbonate
D) polyps; calcium carbonate
Answer:
d) polyps; calcium carbonate
Explanation:
The Acanthaster planci It is a kind of invasive starfish, which destroys corals: it has poisonous spines and feeds on coral polyps at the expense of the reef.
On the other hand, CO2 reacts with water, forming carbonic acid and reducing the available calcium carbonate, an essential element so that marine organisms, from clams to hedgehogs, can form their skeletons and shells.
Answer: The correct answer is : D) polyps; calcium carbonate
Explanation: This starfish feeds exclusively on hard corals. It can be brown, dark gray, purple, orange or red, the difference in color lies in the food they eat. It has its body covered with thorns that uses them as a means of defense.
The blood-testis barrier:
consists of tight junctions between interstitial (Leydig) cells.
is the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules.
protects sperm antigens from exposure to the cells of the immune system.
all of these choices
Answer:
R/ Protects sperm antigens from exposure to the cells of the immune system.
Explanation:
In mammals there is a barrier (blood-testis barrier) within the seminiferous tubes formed by tight junctions between Sertoli cells that separates spermatogonias from primary spermatocytes. This barrier separates the seminiferous tube into two compartments, the basal and the adluminal. The basal compartment between the basement membrane and the tight junctions can be accessed by elements of the plasma and immune cells, while the second compartment is not.
When a male donkey is bred with a female horse, the offspring produced is a mule, which is healthy but sterile. Karyotyping experiments have revealed that horses and donkeys have different numbers of chromosomes, 64 for horses and 62 for donkeys. The mule, therefore, has 63 chromosomes. Knowing this, what is the best explanation for the inability of mules to produce offspring?
Answer:
In an organism with even number of chromosomes, the chromosomes become half in number during gamete formation . For example: A horse has 64 chromosomes. Its gametes will have 32 chromosomes. The gamete formation process in mules will fail because of its odd number of chromosomes.
63 chromosomes would not be able to divide perfectly for gamete formation. This will happen because proper pairing of homologous chromosomes will not occur during meiosis I. Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes before they segregate and chromosomal crossover also occurs during this stage. In mules, some gametes will be formed with missing chromosomes and some will have extra chromosomes because synapsis formation will be abnormal. Hence, mules are not able to produce viable gametes and are sterile.
A phospholipid bilayer with equal amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids displays a specific permeability to glucose. What effect will increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the bilayer have on the membrane's permeability to glucose?
A. Permeability to glucose will stay the same.
B. Permeability to glucose will increase.
C. Permeability will decrease initially then increase as the bilayer fills with glucose.
D. Permeability to glucose will decrease
Answer
The correct answer is option B
B. Permeability to glucose will increase.
Explanation:
A phospholipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane comprising two lipid molecules. It regulates the diffusion of ions and proteins and is impermeable to most water molecules. A balances amount of saturated and unsaturated phospholipid regulates the permeability of glucose, allowing only a specific amount to pass through but when there's more unsaturation, permeability increases.
B: Permeability to glucose will increase is correct option.Increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the phospholipid bilayer enhances membrane fluidity. .
The phospholipid bilayer is crucial in maintaining cell membrane permeability.By increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, the membrane's fluidity also increases because the kinks in the unsaturated fatty acid chains prevent tight packing.This increased fluidity allows membrane components, including glucose transporters, to move more freely, thereby enhancing the permeability of glucose.Thus, the correct answer is B. Permeability to glucose will increase.Bacteria and humans use the same DNA components, and both kinds of cells also perform transcription and translation. Which of the following choices is a potentially significant outcome of this shared mechanism?
a) Bacteria are able to transcribe and translate human DNA. thus, they could evolve into human's
b) Bacteria are able to transcribe and translate human DNA. and thus, they potentially could produce human proteins
c) Bacterial and human proteins are identical in amino acid sequence because the mechanism for producing them is the same
d) Bacterial and human DNA are identical in sequence because the method for producing them is the same
Answer:
The correct answer is b) Bacteria are able to transcribe and translate human DNA. and thus, they potentially could produce human proteins.
Explanation:
Bacteria could produce human proteins, but they don't need them, so their physiological mechanism produces only the proteins and secondary metabolites needed.
Bacteria can transcribe and translate human DNA due to the shared machinery between bacterial and human cells, allowing the potential production of human proteins in bacterial systems. This similarity supports the concept of common ancestry and is applied in biotechnology, such as the synthesis of human insulin in E. coli.
Explanation:The potentially significant outcome of the shared mechanism of transcription and translation between bacteria and humans is b) Bacteria are able to transcribe and translate human DNA, and thus, they potentially could produce human proteins. This shared genetic machinery allows for the possibility of expressing human proteins in bacterial cells, which is a foundational principle in the field of recombinant DNA technology. The commonality in cellular machinery is evidence of a common ancestor and underlies many modern biotechnological applications, like the production of insulin using E. coli. It's important to note that, although the mechanisms for DNA replication, transcription, and translation are similar, this does not mean that bacterial and human proteins are necessarily identical in amino acid sequence or that bacterial and human DNA are identical in sequence, as each organism has its own unique genetic code that specifies its individual protein sequence.
Bacterial ribosomes and the mechanism of protein synthesis share similarities with eukaryotic systems, which supports the idea of common ancestry. Additionally, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells follow the central dogma of molecular biology, where genes along the DNA are transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins. Although ribosomes in bacteria are slightly different in size compared to those in eukaryotic cells, they are functionally similar and capable of translating eukaryotic mRNA in certain conditions.
If a cross between two strains produces 130 parental ditype, 10 non parental ditype and 100 tetratype asci in the progeny, waht is the genetic map distance between the two loci (without correction for undetected double crossovers)?
Answer:
A genetic map is a type of chromosomal map that shows the relative location of genes and other important characteristics. The map is based on the concept of linkage, which means how close two genes are on the chromosome, the mayor will be the probability that they are inherited together. Following the inheritance patterns, the relative location of the genes throughout the entire chromosome can be established.
Illustration
[A genetic map] is a map that shows the relative location of two genetic traits. And the way to determine this is to use the descendants of an organism and keep track of how many times two genetic traits specify here together, for example, hair color and eye color. The higher the percentage of the descendants that have both characteristics at the same time, the closer to the chromosome the genes responsible for the characteristic characteristics.
which best describes food when it reaches the stomach
Answer:
The polysaccharides have been broken down.
Explanation:
The polysaccharides have been broken down in to monosaccharides by the process of hydrolysis to make them small particles which can be easily absorbed by the body .
Answer:
It can be described as work efficiency
Explanation:
Food is the fuel and nutrients provide the body's cells with energy and that is required to function. But, for that, food must be digested, breaking down into smaller pieces so that they can be absorbed and taken advantage of.
The digestive system works efficiently and the stomach muscles agitate food and mix with digestive juices that have acids and enzymes, which achieves fragmentation into smaller, digestible pieces. Food leaves the stomach when it has been transformed into a thick liquid known as chyme. When the chyme is ready, it passes into the small intestine, where digestion continues so that the body absorbs nutrients, which will then go to the blood.
After finishing six pieces of toast with butter, Sally prepares a batch of brownies while eating large bowls of ice cream, yogurt, and cottage cheese. She then eats half a bag of cookies, an entire pizza, and three baked potatoes, even though she does not feel hungry. After eating, she feels guilty, ashamed, and sad but does not vomit or make any other efforts to eliminate the calories she consumed. Sally appears to meet criteria for
a. anorexia nervosab. bulimia nervosac. binge-eating disorderd. restrictive dieting
Answer: Binge-Eating Disorder
Explanation: Sally did not vomit the food away, and she ate way too much food in a short amount of time, which would be Binge-Eating Disorder.
In the 1950s, when Watson and Crick were working on their model of DNA, which concepts were well accepted by the scientific community?
a. Chromosomes are made up of protein and nucleic acid.
b. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus.
c. Genes are made of DNA.
d. Genes are located on chromosomes.
Answer:
Option (1), (2) and (3).
Explanation:
DNA is the genetic material of all the living organisms present on earth. The DNA contains the nitrogenous bases, pentose sugar and the phosphate group. DNA strands runs in the opposite direction and shows polarity.
Watson and Crick explain the structure of DNA based on the X ray diffraction produced by Rosalind. According to the structure, chromosomes are present in the nucleus and contains the DNA and wrapped around the proteins. The genes is considered as the functional segment of DNA.
Thus, the correct answer is option (1), (2) and (3).
Alleles for other genetic diseases also provide protection against malaria when only one copy of the allele is present. In what cell type would you expect these genes to be active
Answer:
The correct answer will be- red blood cells (RBC)
Explanation:
Malaria has proved endemic to the human species as it has killed the humans in large numbers and it has acted as one of the strongest selective force.
The malaria disease has caused the mutation in the genes in the red blood cells which carries the oxygen to different organs of the body. The mutation in the genes causes the circular shape of red blood cell to sickle-shaped cells which carry less oxygen to the organs.
The change in the shape of red blood cell provides resistance against malaria disease but it becomes a problem where malaria is not a problem.
Thus, red blood cells (RBC) is the correct answer.
Which of the following features are common to transformation, transduction, and conjugation? (1) unidirectional transfer of genes (2) incomplete gene transfer (3) homologous recombination (4) meiosis occurring in the recipient
Answer: 1,2 and 3.
The following are common to transformation, transduction and conjugation.
1. Unidirectional transfer of genes.
2. Incomplete gene transfer.
3. Homologous recombination.
Explanation:
Transformation is the taking up of free DNA from the environment.
Transduction is the transfer of DNA by bacteria to a viruses.
Conjugation is the transfer of Plasmid or circular DNA through a tube between the cells. Incomplete DNA are transferred unidirectional .
While attempting to capture the scorpion, the mouse's heart rate increases, and there is an increase in epinephrine in the mouse's blood. What nervous system division is responsible for the mouse's physiological state? Please use the following information to answer the questions below. The southern grasshopper mouse feeds regularly on the Arizona bark scorpion, the most venomous scorpion in the United States. While attempting to capture the scorpion, the mouse usually gets stung multiple times by the scorpion but does not seem to be affected. While attempting to capture the scorpion, the mouse's heart rate increases, and there is an increase in epinephrine in the mouse's blood. What nervous system division is responsible for the mouse's physiological state?a.sympatheticb.parasympatheticc.sensoryd.enteric
Answer:
a. sympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system that is specifically responsible for the “fight or flight” response of the body when exposed to stress or threat. These responses to danger or stress are often involuntary. It is characterized with increased heart rate, constriction of blood vessels, profuse sweating, increased blood pressure etc.
When the sympathetic nervous system is activated in he presence of stress or a threat, epinephrine is released, initiating various reactions in the body against such threat or stimulus.
The mouse's increased heart rate and high epinephrine level during scorpion hunting is controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which drives the 'fight or flight' response.
Explanation:The physiological state of the mouse, characterized by high epinephrine levels and a high heart rate while hunting the scorpion, is primarily governed by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. This part of the nervous system enacts the "fight or flight" response, mobilizing the animal's resources to respond to threatening situations. Functions controlled by the sympathetic nervous system include faster heart rate and inhibited digestion, all aiming to prepare the organism for physical strain required to confront danger or escape it.
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Pea flowers may be purple (P) or white (p). Pea seeds may be round (R) or wrinkled (r). What proportion of the offspring from a cross between purple-flowered, round-seeded individuals (heterozygous for both traits) will have both white flowers and round seeds? b. 1/2 c. 3/16 a. 1/16 e. 9/16 d. 3/4
Answer:
The correct answer is c. 3/16.
Explanation:
In the given question two traits being studied, the traits are flower color and seed shape.
This is a typical Mendel’s dihybrid cross. According to the question purple colour (P) and round seed (R) are dominant traits.
When heterozygous purple-flowered (Pp), round-seeded (Rr) individuals are crossed, four different types of plants are produced phenotypically in the ratio 9:3:3:1.Out of 16 offspring, 9 are purple flowered, round seeded pea plants, 3 pea plants are white-flower with round seed, 3 are purple- flower with wrinkled seed and 1 pea plant is white-flowered with wrinkled seed pea plant is produced.
What is located in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe?
Answer: The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the post central gyrus of parietal lobe.
Explanation:
Post central gyrus is the gyrus of the parietal lobe which is one of the four major lobes of the human brain that house the primary somatosensory cortex which is the main receptive area for sense of touch. There is a map of sensory space found in this area called the sensory homunculus.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome.If she moves the repressor gene (lacI), along with its promoter, to a position at some several thousand base pairs away from its normal position, we would expect the _____.repressor will no longer bind to the operatorlac operon will be expressed continuouslylac operon will function normallyrepressor will no longer bind to the inducerrepressor will no longer be made
Answer:
The correct option is lac operon will function normally.
Explanation:
The promoter region can be described as a region due to which transcription begins for a certain gene. Promoters can be present near to the gene for which they initiate transcription or they might be present several sequences away upstream.
The promoter region will still be able to initiate transcription several base pairs away hence the lac operon will function normally. The repressor will also detect the promoter and function normally.
"In Graves disease, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) contain an active site that can mimic the active site of TSH to stimulate thyroid hormone production. One would expect TSI to cause:"
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:
"In Graves disease, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) contain an active site that can mimic the active site of TSH to stimulate thyroid hormone production. One would expect TSI to cause:"
A. An increase in thyroid gland size because of the trophic effect of TSH.
B. A decrease in thyroid gland size because of competitive inhibition with TSH.
C. No change in thyroid gland size because antibodies only recognize foreign particles.
D. An immune response against TSH molecules.
Answer:
A. An increase in thyroid gland size because of the trophic effect of TSH.
Explanation:
Thyroid-stimulating hormone is a trophic hormone and is released by the anterior pituitary gland. It targets the thyroid gland and stimulates it to release the thyroid hormones. Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the person produces antibodies such as thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins that mimic the action of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
These antibodies continually stimulate the thyroid gland to grow and produce thyroid hormones. The result is an abnormally enlarged thyroid gland. The affected individuals also develop peculiar edema behind the eyes that causes the eyes to protrude.
What minerals are formed when shale and basalt are exposed to low grade metamorphism
Answer:
Slate and Analcime minerals are formed when shale and basalt are exposed to low grade metamorphism.
Explanation:
As a result of metamorphosis of clay, shale and basalt a fine grained rock is formed that is unique slate texture. Slate is formed by low grade metamorphosis i.e low temperature and pressure.Slates are the older rocks perhaps in some places the recent formation can also be seen. It can be of various colours like black, blue, purple, red, green and grey.
Dark colour of the slate is due to the presence of more carbon material. Analcime is a white, colourless or can be grey tecto-silicate mineral. It consist of hydrated sodium aluminium silicate in cubic crystalline form. Analcime is similar to that of zeolite mineral with which it is sometime classed
Final answer:
Shale and basalt exposed to low grade metamorphism typically form minerals such as chlorite, muscovite, and biotite, while rocks like chlorite schist, mica schist, and amphibolite might be produced. The presence of index minerals like chlorite and kyanite can help determine the metamorphic grade and the pressure-temperature conditions of the rock.
Explanation:
When shale and basalt are subjected to low grade metamorphism, several new minerals can form as a result. With shale as the parent rock, we often see the development of minerals such as chlorite, muscovite, and biotite, which can lead to the formation of rocks like chlorite schist or mica schist. Furthermore, if garnets are present, a mica-garnet schist may be formed. On the other hand, when basalt undergoes low-grade metamorphism, chlorite and amphibole minerals are often prevalent, leading to the creation of chlorite schist or amphibolite. Index minerals such as chlorite and muscovite are indicative of the metamorphic grade experienced by these rocks.
During metamorphism, certain index minerals act as indicators for the temperature and pressure conditions. For shale-derived rocks, these index minerals may include garnet, staurolite, sillimanite, kyanite, and andalusite. The presence of kyanite and sillimanite usually indicates medium-pressure conditions, often associated with continent-continent collision, whereas andalusite together with sillimanite suggests low-pressure terranes, possibly in areas of divergent tectonic zones or unique ocean-continent collisions.
Reversible lanes are marked with unique signs, signals and markings, such as_____.
A) a flashing yellow X, which means use this lane ONLY for a right turn
B) a solid yellow X, which means stay in the lane but slow down
C) a red X, which means the lane is closed
D) a flashing red X, which means to prepare to stop
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
The reversible traffic lanes are a regulatory tool/mechanism to control the traffic in rush hour where the directions of traffic are kept opposite to each other at a particular time of the day. So, symbolically they are represented by pavement markings along with special lane signals, symbols, and sign which are as follows –
a) Solid white line marking the edge of the pavement
b) Stop lines, crosswalks and parking spaces are marked by white lines
c) Symbols in white color
d) Single yellow line marks to highlight the left edge of one-way road and all divided road.
e) Yellow-colored marked curbs
f) Central lane marking arrow
Hence, option A is correct
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
According to the safety guidelines the roads that are closed is marked with red lines in order to let the people known that the road is closed and there is a reversible lane which should be opted by the people.
The reversible lane is a lane which is made in order to make travel in either directions. When there is a rush hour there is a a proper display of signals in order to show closed driving or turning.
There is a red X made on the lane when the road is closed and is not available for use.
What effect do aldehydes have on microbial organisms? Group of answer choices
They damage proteins and DNA.
They inhibit enzymes.
They disrupt membranes and enzyme function.
They damage nucleic acids.
They disrupt cytoplasmic membranes.'
They damage proteins and DNA.
Explanation:
Aldehydes damage proteins and DNA of microbial organisms. They typically inhibits the growth of microbial organisms by causing alteration to proteins and DNA.
They cause damage to proteins ans are used as disinfectants. The aldehydes generally cross link functional groups in proteins and short changes their structures. Formalin is one example that is used to arrest bacteria growth and it is an aldehyde.Learn more:
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Which of the following is a characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Select all that apply.
a. More common in type 1 diabetes
b. Normal arterial pH level
c. Rapid onset
d. Absent ketones
e. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
Answer:
The answers are: a. More common in type 1 diabetes, c. Rapid onset and e. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine.
Explanation:
These three factors are very characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis. Mostly the elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, that can be fastly detected with urine tests.
Surfactants work by Select one:a. coating the organism preventing interaction with its environment.b. blocking transport into the organism.c. blocking transport out from the organism.d. disrupting membrane integrity.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-D
Explanation:
Surfactants are the complex amphiphilic compounds which reduce or lower the surface tension between the two states that is liquid-liquid or solid-liquid.
The surfactants arrange themselves in a state that their hydrophobic part is exposed in the air whereas their hydrophilic part is in the water.
The biosurfactants are produced by the micro-organisms which are considered superior emulsifiers as compared to the synthetic surfactants. Their amphiphilicity allows the insertion of the surfactant into the membrane which disrupts the integrity of the membrane.
Thus, option-D is the correct answer.
Surfactants work mainly by disrupting membrane integrity. They lower the surface tension between two liquids or a liquid and a solid, enabling, for example, oils to be washed away. This is achieved by surfactants causing a breakdown of cell or organelle membranes, causing vital molecules and ions from inside to be lost.
Explanation:Surfactants work mainly by d. disrupting membrane integrity.
A surfactant is a compound that lowers the surface tension between two liquids or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants can also emulsify oils, which enable them to be washed away. They achieve this function largely by disrupting the normal integrity of certain types of membranes, especially those in the cells of organisms. Their action leads to a breakdown of the cell or organelle membrane, resulting in the loss of vital molecules and ions from inside the cell or organelle.
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A busy 45-year-old female executive has been diagnosed with diverticulitis. Her primary treatment is an increase in the fiber content of her diet. What effect will the fiber have on the diverticula?
Answer&Explanation:
Diverticulosis is a disease condition found in people of the age of 40, it is a conditions that involve the development of small sacs or pockets in the wall of the colon, inside the lower part of the small intestine. Diverticulitis worsens when there's diverticular bleeding and constipation.
The increase in fibre diet, softens the stool and promotes bulk in defecation. It also increases colonic contents and colon diameter.
A diet rich in fiber can reduce and heal diverticulitis bleeding by prevent inflammation.
Almeda’s skin has lost some flexibility and the lens of her left eye is beginning to cloud. She is concerned that the normally separate protein fibers that make up her body’s connective tissue are forming bonds with one another. You can tell Almeda that she can reduce cross-linking by: .
Answer: Eating a healthy diet
Explanation:
Connective tissue is characterized by varying amounts of extracellular matrix, which surrounds various cell types. This tissue is also called support tissue, since it is related to the epithelial and muscular tissues to which it gives support and fills the spaces between cells and organs. Also, the eye's outer layer is made of dense connective tissue, which protects the eyeball. In addition, the connective tissue transports nutrients from the blood capillaries to the various tissues and, conversely, also mobilises waste products from metabolism into the blood.
There are many protein fibers found in connective tissues such as collagen which provide strength to the tissue, preventing it from being torn. So, formation of connective tissue proteins like is affected by a nutrition deficiency.
A healthy, balanced diet, including the proper amounts of protein, can prevent the skin and vision problems she has.
Two populations of mice exist on either side of a river. After a bridge is constructed across the river, the two populations come to resemble each other more.
What is the most likely explanation for this?
A) Stabilizing selection
B) Directional selection
C) Gene flow
D) Genetic drift
E) Nonrandom mating
Answer:
C) Gene flow
Explanation:
Gene flow refers to the movement of alleles between local populations. It results from the migration of individuals. Two adjacent populations can exhibit gene flow due to the mating between their individuals and can have significant evolutionary consequences as it does not allow the reproductive isolation of these populations. In the given example, the two mice populations are present on either side of a river. Mating between the mice of the two populations resulted in gene flow and maintained resemblance among their members.