Hypercompetition implies that any architecture must be designed with maximum flexibility and _____ to ensure it can handle the imminent business changes. modularity quantity scalability sustainability availability

Answer:

B. iterator

Explanation:

An iterator is an object that produces each element of a container, such as a linked list, one element at a time.

An iterator is an object that produces each element of a container, such as a linked list, one element at a time. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

An element may be characterized as the constituent parts of a work of computer that is an essential characteristic of all works of programming and spoken narrative fiction. These elements include plot, theme, character, and tone.

According to the context of this question, an iterator is an object that significantly enables a programmer in order to transverse a container, particularly lists. The various types of iterators considerably provide numerous interfaces to the programmer in order to develop program.

Therefore, an iterator is an object that produces each element of a container, such as a linked list, one element at a time. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

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Answer:

Algorithm()

1. p = Enter the price of item A.

2. c = Enter the number of A’s purchased.

3. Now the price per item with tax is:

              t= p+(p*6/100)

4. The total cost of c items:  

             ct= t * c.

5. Print ct.

In this algorithm, we are taking the price per item and counting it’s cost including tax. Then we are multiplying the price per item with tax with the number of items we purchase, to find the overall cost with tax.

You may calculate the overall cost without tax as (p*c). Then you can find the overall cost with tax as ((p*c)+(p*c*6/100)), as in both way, we will get the same result.

Final answer:

To calculate the total cost of an item including a 6% sales tax, multiply the price of item A by the quantity purchased to get the total price before tax. Then calculate the sales tax by multiplying the total price by 0.06 and add this to the total price to get the total cost.

Explanation:

To write an algorithm that calculates the total cost of an item including sales tax, you need to first find the price of the item A and the quantity purchased. Then, to calculate the sales tax, you will convert the percent to a decimal and multiply it by the total price (price multiplied by quantity). Lastly, you will add this sales tax to the total price to get the total cost.

Algorithm:

For example, if the price of item A is $50 and the quantity purchased is 2, then the total cost before tax is $100. The sales tax at 6% would be $6. Therefore, the total cost including sales tax would be $106.

Answer: option A) First

In a circular linked list the last node points to the first node.

Explanation: As in a circular linked list, the node will point to its next node. Since the node next to last node is the first node hence last node will point to first node in a circular way. The elements points to each other in a circular path which forms a circular chain.

Answer:

\n

Explanation:

\n is called the new line character.It is used to go to the next line or the start of the new line.\n is used in Linux while in windows uses \r\n called carriage return.But generally \n is used in most of the programming languages also.

To speed up item insertion and deletion in a data set, use B. linked lists.

Hope this helps!

Final answer:

To enhance the speed of insertion and deletion in a data set, linked lists are superior to arrays as they allow for quick updates of references without needing to shift elements. Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation:

To speed up item insertion and deletion in a data set, the best choice would be B. linked lists. Unlike arrays, which require shifting elements when inserting or deleting an item particularly if it's not at the end, linked lists can efficiently add or remove items because they only need to update the references (or pointers) to the neighboring elements.

When working with a sorted linked list, the structure will maintain items in a sorted order. When inserting a new item, it determines the correct location within the order to insert, based on comparison operators like <. In Python, this can be implemented using special methods such as __lt__() and __eq__(). This comparison flexibility allows for the linked list to handle various data types including integers, floats, and strings, facilitating the sorted order efficiently.

Answer:

matrix

Explanation:

The two dimensional array store the value similar to matrix.

Two dimensional array contain row and column similar to matrix.

For example:

int arr[3][3], it means 3 rows and 3 column

and [tex][A]_{3*3}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1&2&3\\4&5&6\\7&8&9\end{array}\right][/tex]

and if we want to retrieve the data from array arr[1][2], it means first row and second column.

so, 2 dimensional array is basically a matrix.

Answer:

No for GOTO

Yes for Pointer

Explanation:

GOTO statement

This declaration is used to pass control to the program's marked declaration. The label is the valid identifier and is positioned just before the declaration from which the control is transmitted.

It becomes hard to trace a program's control flow, making it hard to comprehend the program logic. Any program in C language can be written without using a GOTO statement.

Pointers

A C # pointer is nothing but a variable holding another type of memory address. However, in C # pointer only the memory address of the value types and arrays can be declared.

C # supports pointers to a restricted extent. Unlike reference kinds, the default trash collection system does not track pointer kinds. Pointers are not allowed to point  to a type of structure containing a type of reference or a type of reference.

During the garbage collection process, the C #garbage collector can move objects in memory as they wish. The C #offers a unique fixed keyword for telling Garbage Collector not to move an item. This implies that the place of the value kinds referred to is fixed in memory. This is called pinning in C #.

The GOTO statement and pointers in C# can simplify some coding tasks but can also make the code harder to read and C# controls these downsides by offering structured programming constructs and by restricting pointer usage to unsafe contexts.

The introduction of the GOTO statement and pointers in C# can be seen both positively and negatively. While the GOTO statement allows for easier navigation and breaking out of control structures, it often results in code that is hard to read and maintain. To mitigate such issues, C# provides structured programming constructs like loops, conditional statements, and methods to manage control flow more effectively.

C# also manages the risks of pointers by requiring explicit permissions and special contexts for their usage, thus limiting their misuse.

Control Mechanisms in C#

Answer:v True

Explanation: Open source operating system is the system that has source code that can be modified and enhance them . It can also be shared between the public as it is available in the open form . There are many examples of the open source operating system like Linux, Ubuntu etc. which has both executable code and source code as well. so therefore the given statement is true.

Answer:

5

Explanation:

The operator '--number', it is a pre decrement operator which decrement first and then assign. It decrement the value by 1.

initially the number is 6.

x is 0.

then, x = --number;

it decrement the number by 1 first and then assign to x.

so, x assign the value 5.

finally, print the value.

Therefore, the answer is 5.  

Answer:

a. True

b. False

Explanation:

Constructor is used to initialize the object of the class.

Rules of constructor:

1. Constructor name must same as the class name. it means, if the class name is animalType, then constructor name must be animalType.

2. Constructor does not have any return type. it means, it does not return anythings.

Therefore, part (a) is true,  Constructor name must same as the class name.

and part (b) is false, because constructor does not have any return type.

Answer:

Prolog program are used in the artificial intelligence and the web development in a systematic manner process. As, it is also sometimes known as declarative language which basically consist of some facts and list. Prolog program are divided into the sections that are:

We need each section of the prolog program because all the sections introduced the systematic program and performed there particular functions so by using all these processing steps an efficient function are formed.

Answer:

a) Maximum subnets=8

b) if there is no subnet , no. of hosts will be 32-2 = 30. If there are 8 subnets as above, then no. of hosts will b 4-2=2.

c)  Valid subnets are  6

                         192.168.10.32          

                         192.168.10.64                    

                         192.168.10.96

                         192.168.10.128

                         192.168.10.160

                         192.168.10.192

Explanation:

a) Maximum number of sub nets in the network

    For number of sub nets in a network , which class this ip address belongs to

         IP address  192.168.10.0

         subnet mask 255.255.255.224

192 in ip address means it is a class C address.

In class C address -

Network address-24 bits

Host address-8bits

For number of subnets we check last block of subnet mask.

224 -covert this into binary

                11100000

From binary form ,we can conclude that 3 bits are used for sub network as only 3 are 1.

  =2^n

  = 2^3 =8  

b)  Number of hosts

In a network,

     Number of hosts is (2^host no -2)

We have subtracted 2 because out of these hosts two are used in broadcasting and other purposes.  

Host number is equal to the 0's in the Subnet mask

                     255.255.255.224

convert this into binary number i.e

   11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

So,5 0's are there

           Number of valid hosts= 2^5 -2

                                                = 32-2

                                                =  30

c) The Valid subnets are

For valid we have to perform Logical AND with IP Address and subnet    mask.

       IP address  192.168.10.0

       subnet mask 255.255.255.224

    Convert these in binary -

IP address  11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000

Subnet mask  11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

after performing And operation- 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000

                192.168.10.0

           this is the host address

                 192.168.10.224 this is the broadcast address

    These are the valid sub nets

                         192.168.10.32          

                         192.168.10.64                    

                         192.168.10.96

                         192.168.10.128

                         192.168.10.160

                         192.168.10.192

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

ETL & ELT are NOT the same.

Answer and Explanation:

The five indicators are

Answer:

most probably the answer is 'to'

Answer:

b. instance

Explanation:

Methods used with object instantiations are the instance methods. When a class is instantiated we get a reference to the object. Invoking a method on the object , executes the corresponding instance method.

For example:

String s = new String("test");

int len = s.length();

Here length() is an instance method of String object s.

Answer:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

   //initialization

  float x=0.0;

  float y;

  char operation;

  //print the message

   cout<<"Please enter the operation (Addition or Subtraction): ";

   cin>>operation;

   //loop for enter th operand again until enter 'q'

  while(operation != 'q'){

       //print the message for operand x

      cout<<"\nPlease enter the operand x: ";

      cin>>x;

       //print the message for operand y

      cout<<"\nPlease enter the operand y: ";

      cin>>y;

   //check for condition for '+' and if true then add the operands

      if(operation == '+'){

          x=x+y;

      }else if(operation == '-'){  //if user enter '-' then subtract the operands

          x=x-y;

      }

      //print the output

      cout<<"\nThe output is: "<<x<<endl;

      cout<<"\nPlease enter the operation (Addition or Subtraction): ";

      cin>>operation;

  }

  return 0;

}

Explanation:

Create the main function and define the variable x equals zero and declare the variables y and operation.

print the message for the user to enter the operation ('+' or '-') by using the instruction cout.

Store the value in the variable by using the instruction cin.

Then, take the loop to repeat the statement again and again until the condition is true.

print the message inside the loop for asking about the operands from the user.

then, use condition statement for checking the operation and if condition match, then execute the particular operation.

The above operation executes until the user enters not enter the character 'q'.

when the user enters the 'q', the loop terminates and print the output.

Answer:

A graph is a collection of set of edges E and vertices V, where each edge joins pair of vertices.

A graph is undirected when the edges has no direction.

A graph is directed when the edges has confined direction.

An edge is directed if it is defined to come out from one vertex and goes to another fixed vertex.

A loop is an edge from a vertex to itself.

A path from a vertex x to another vertex y is a sequence of distinct edges that joins sequence of distinct vertices:

                   (x,[tex]x_{1}[/tex])→([tex]x_{1}[/tex], [tex]x_{2}[/tex])→([tex]x_{2}[/tex], [tex]x_{i}[/tex])→ .... → ([tex]x_{j}[/tex],y)

A cycle is path that starts and ends at same vertex.

A circuit is a path that starts and ends at same vertex, but not necessarily contain distinct vertices.

An Euler circuit is circuit that traverse each edge of the graph exactly once and covers all vertices.

An Hamiltonian circuit is a simple circuit that traverse each vertex of the graph exactly once and covers all edges.

Degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident on it.

Explanation:

Answer:

b. []

Explanation:

Arrays are represented using [] . When a method returns an array reference, the method header contains an entry of the type <data-type>[].

For example, a method test which returns a reference to integer array and takes no parameters is of the form:

int[] test();

Similarly a method list_chars which takes a String as an argument and returns an array of chars has the form:

char[] list_chars(String s);

Answer:

Inner class in Java is basically a class in a class, i.e. a member of another class.

There are 4 types of inner classes in Java.

a)  Nested Inner class

b)  Method local Inner class

c)  Anonymous Inner class

d)  Static nested class

Answer:

 The stored program concept is defined as, in the architecture of computer where computer acts as internal store instruction and it is important because has high flexibility and user does not required to execute the instruction again and again. It is basically works on the principle of Von neumann architecture, as in which the instruction and the data are both same logically and can be used to store in the memory.

Answer:

integers=[]

while True:

      number=int(input())

      if number<0:

       break

      integers.append(number)  

print("",min(integers))

print("",max(integers))

Explanation:

Answer:

A checked exception indicates something beyond your control has gone wrong. ... If an exception does not have a matching catch clause, the current method terminates and throws the exception to the next higher level. If there is no matching catch clause at any higher level, then the program terminates with an error.

Answer:

provides an overview of class's data and methods

Explanation:

Class Diagram is used in software engineering to represent:

- classes

- attributes

- methods

- relationship between classes

It provides a representation of the static layout of the application in object oriented design. It does not provide method implementation details. In fact code skeleton can be automatically generated from class diagram using appropriate UML tools.

Answer: For frequency reuse, telephone systems use 7 sets of frequencies in metropolitan areas.

Explanation:

As the population is high in metropolitan cities it requires faster reuse of frequencies so that everyone within the network region is being able to use their cellular devices. It can be imagined in the form of a hexagon with 6 points and one at the center enabling faster reuse of free frequencies.

Answer:

Call showValue (12)

Explanation:

The function is a block of the statement which performs the special task.

if you define the function, then you have to call that function.

Then, program control moves to the function and start to execute otherwise not execute the function.

the syntax for calling the function:

name(argument_1, argument_2,....);

we can put any number of arguments in the calling.

check the options one by one for finding the answer:

Call showValue( Integer): this is valid calling but it passes the variable, not the 12. this is not correct.

Call showValue( Integer 12): This is not valid calling, because it passes the data type as well which is incorrect.

Call showValue( Real): this is valid calling but it passes the variable, not the 12. this is not correct.

Call showValue (12): this valid calling and also pass the value 12.

Therefore, the correct answer is option b.

Answer:

while(userNum > 1){

        userNum = userNum /2;

        System.out.print(userNum+" ");

     }

Explanation:

Probably don't need the print statement, but it doesn't cause an error.

This solution uses a while loop in Java to repeatedly divide a number by 2 and print the result until the number is less than 1. The example code and explanation illustrate the process clearly.

To solve this problem, you need to write a while loop in Java. This loop will continue dividing the given number by 2 until it reaches 1. Here's the step-by-step solution:

Example Code:

In this code:

The output for userNum = 20 will be: 20 10 5 2 1 .

Answer:

I think there are no disadvantages of for loop as far as i know.

Since for loop is entry controlled loop (i.e , the condition is checked for entering in the loop body).So when you want to execute the body first in the program for loops are not good fit for this type of conditions.You can use do while loop in these cases which is an exit controlled loop(body is executed first after the condition is checked) .

for example:-Iterating over and printing the circular linked list.

The simplest statement you can use to make a decision is the if statement. Thus, option C is correct.

A statement within a programming language is just a syntactic construct of an arbitrary programming language that also expresses a course of action. A series of one or more statements make up a program built in this language. There could be internal parts to a proposition.

The simplest illustration of a decision framework in Java seems to be the if statement. A conceptual test that can result in a positive or negative outcome is expressed in an if statement.

The if statements inside the if the branch were carried out if the test's outcome is true. In this case, the statement can either be true or the statement can either be false depending upon the condition.

Therefore, option C is the correct option.

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Answer: A) Verification

Explanation: Capturing of the requirements is the process of which the project is taken up to test the scope that project. The capturing of requirement process is divided into certain parts to conduct the procedure as

Therefore there is no part of verification in the process so capturing of requirements process has a exception of verification.