I NEED HELP PLEASE!!
Calculate the amount of heat absorbed when a 15.5-g ice cube melts. The delta Hfus= 6.02 kj/mol.

Answer:

The final mass of sample is 1.3 g.

Explanation:

Given data:

Half life of H-3 = 12.32 years

Amount left for 15.0 years = 3.02 g

Final amount = ?

Solution:

First all we will calculate the decay constant.

t₁/₂ = ln² /k

t₁/₂ =12.32 years

12.32 y =  ln² /k

k = ln²/12.32 y

k = 0.05626 y⁻¹

Now we will find the original amount:

ln (A°/A) = Kt

ln (3.02 g/ A) = 0.05626 y⁻¹ × 15.0 y

ln (3.02 g/ A) = 0.8439

3.02 g/ A = e⁰°⁸⁴³⁹

3.02 g/ A = 2.33

A = 3.02 g/ 2.33

A = 1.3 g

The final mass of sample is 1.3 g.

Answer:

The anwer is 1.30 in plato

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Ions:

When an atom lose or gain electron ions are formed.

There are two types of ions anion and cation.

Anion:

When an atom gain electron negative charge is created and anion is formed.

X + e⁻  → X⁻

Cation:

When an atom lose electron positive charge is created and cation is formed.

X   →  X⁺ + e⁻

Electron:

The electron is subatomic particle that revolve around outside the nucleus and has negligible mass. It has a negative charge.

Symbol= e-

Mass= 9.10938356×10-31 Kg

It was discovered by j. j. Thomson in 1897 during the study of cathode ray properties.

He constructed the glass tube and create vacuum in it. He applied electric current between electrodes. He noticed that a ray of particles coming from cathode to wards positively charged anode. This ray was cathode ray.

Properties of cathode ray:

The ray is travel in straight line.

The cathode ray is independent of composition of cathode.

When electric field is applied cathode ray is deflected towards the positively charged plate.

Hence it was consist of negatively charged particles.

Neutron and proton:

While neutron and proton are present inside the nucleus. Proton has positive charge while neutron is electrically neutral. Proton is discovered by Rutherford while neutron is discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.

Symbol of proton= P+  

Symbol of neutron= n0  

Mass of proton=1.672623×10-27 Kg

Mass of neutron=1.674929×10-27 Kg

Answer: Mg loses two electrons to have an octet. Oxygen gains two electrons to have an octet. The ionic bond between ions results from the electrostatic attraction of opposite charges. The final formula of magnesium oxide is MgO.

Explanation: I am like 97% sure it is correct

Answer:

1. The atoms in propane and oxygen rearrange to form other substances after the reaction.

Explanation:

Chemical change:

The changes, that occur due to change in the composition of a substance and result in a different compound is known as chemical change.

These changes are irreversible

These changes occur due to chemical reactions

These may not be observed with naked eye

Example:

Combustion of fuel or wood: that oil or wood convert into energy, CO2 and ash in case of wood

Boiling of egg: that change the chemical composition of protein in the egg .

The burning of propane is also a chemical change because propane and oxygen converted into water and carbon dioxide by rearrangement of atoms.

C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

Explanation:

The gravitational force between two 50kg objects could be less than the gravitational force between a 50kg and a 5kg object if the two 50kg objects are much farther apart.

Answer:

By increasing the distance between the two 50 kg objects compared with the distance between the 5 kg objects.

Explanation:

The formula for the force between 2 objects is

Fg   = (G m1 m2) / r^2

where Fg is the force,  G = gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects and r = the distance between the objects.

So as r is increased  Fg is  decreased.

Lead-205 (Pb-205)

We are given;

We are supposed to identify its product after an alpha decay;

²⁰⁹₈₄Po → ²⁰⁵₈₂Pb + ⁴₂He

Answer:metres

Explanation:It would be best to measure the length of an object in metric system such as millimeter, centimeter, mere etc..

The best unit to measure the length of an object is meters.

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Length is defined as the distance covered by any object from one end to another end of the object. It can also be termed as single dimension of the object. It is a measuring variable and like all measuring variables, it also has SI unit. The SI unit to determine the length of any object is meter.

So among the given options, cubic meters can't be the correct unit for length because it has three dimensional variable while length is a single dimensional variable. Similarly, kilograms is the unit of weight or mass of any object and kilogram per cubic meter is for density of any object. Thus the best unit for measuring the object's length is meters.

Answer:

Mass =  0.89 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Moles of diphenylmethanol = 4.82 mmol

Mass = ?

Solution:

we will convert the mmol into mols.

4.82 /1000 = 0.0048 mol

Molar mass of  diphenylmethanol  = 184.23 g/mol

Formula:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass =  0.0048 mol × 184.23 g/mol

Mass =  0.89 g

Answer:

x = 5.9

Explanation:

The volume of a gas sample at STP (2.5 L and 273 K) that is heated to 273 degrees Celsius at constant pressure will double to 5.0 L.

To solve this, we'll use Charles's Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvins) when pressure is held constant. The formula for Charles's Law is V1/T1 = V2/T2. The initial volume (V1) is 2.5 L and the initial temperature (T1) is 273 K (which is STP). The final temperature (T2) is 273 degrees Celsius, which needs to be converted to Kelvins by adding 273, resulting in T2 = 546 K.

Now, we can solve for the new volume (V2):

So, when the temperature is raised to 273 degrees Celsius and the pressure remains constant, the new volume of the gas will be 5.0 L.

Answer:

N₂ + 3H₂  →  2NH₃

2H₂O →  2H₂ + O₂

CH₄ + 2O₂  →  CO₂ + 2H₂O

Explanation:

A) Make ammonia:

Chemical equation:

N₂ + H₂  →  NH₃

Balanced chemical equation:

N₂ + 3H₂  →  2NH₃

Step one:

N₂   +   H₂      →     NH₃

N = 2                    N = 1

H = 2                    H = 3

Step 2:

N₂   +   3H₂      →          2NH₃

N = 2                              N = 1

H = 2×3 = 6                    H = 3×2 = 6

Step 3:

N₂   +   3H₂      →          2NH₃

N = 2                              N = 1×2 = 2

H = 2×3 = 6                    H = 3×2 = 6

B) separate water:

Chemical equation:

H₂O →  H₂ + O₂

Balanced chemical equation:

2H₂O →  2H₂ + O₂

Step one:

H₂O        →        H₂ + O₂

H = 2                    H = 2

O = 1                     O = 2

Step 2:

2H₂O                →        H₂ + O₂

H = 2×2 = 4                  H = 2

O = 1×2 =2                     O = 2

Step 3:

2H₂O                →        2H₂ + O₂

H = 2×2 = 4                  H = 2×2 = 4  

O = 1×2 =2                     O = 2

C) Combust methane

Chemical equation:

CH₄ + O₂  →  CO₂ + H₂O

Balanced chemical equation:

CH₄ + 2O₂  →  CO₂ + 2H₂O

Step one:

CH₄ + O₂  →  CO₂ + H₂O

C = 1                    C = 1

H = 4                   H = 2

O = 2                    O = 3

Step 2:

CH₄ + 2O₂  →  CO₂ + H₂O

C = 1                     C = 1

H = 4                    H = 2

O = 2×2 = 4          O = 3

Step 3:

CH₄ + 2O₂  →  CO₂ + 2H₂O

C = 1                    C = 1

H = 4                   H = 2×2 = 4  

O = 2×2 = 4         O = 2 + 2 = 4

Answer:

basically i quess

Explanation:

Answer:

for alkali metals its soft extremely reactive and 1 valence electrons

alkaline earth metals is 2 valence electrons and harder more dense

Final answer:

STP for thermochemical equations is 273.15 K and 1 bar, previously it was 1 atm. It serves as a reference for reporting thermodynamic properties.

Explanation:

The standard conditions of temperature and pressure (STP) for a thermochemical equation are defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0°C) and a pressure of 1 bar (100 kPa). It is important to note that previously, the old definition used a standard pressure of 1 atm. Under these conditions, we can calculate properties of gases and thermochemical data such as enthalpies of formation. For species in solution, the standard condition is a concentration of 1 Molar (1 mol/L). Pure substances are considered in their most stable form at 1 atm and at the standard temperature, unless otherwise noted in a specific text.

Significance of STP in Thermochemical Equations

The significance of STP in thermochemical equations lies in its use as a benchmark for reporting the thermodynamic properties of substances. This consistent baseline allows for the comparison and understanding of data, such as enthalpies of formation, which are essential for studying chemical reactions and processes.

The answer is option A - 0°C and 101 kPa. Standard conditions of temperature and pressure for a thermochemical equation are 0°C and 101 kPa.

Standard conditions of temperature and pressure (STP) for thermochemical equations are 0°C and 101 kPa, equating to 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 bar (100 kPa). This set of conditions is referred to as standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 bar (100 kPa). However, it's important to note that there have been different definitions over time, with an older definition using 1 atm (101.325 kPa) instead. For most thermochemical data and calculations, STP is used as a reference point to enable comparisons of the properties of different gases.

The question is:

Standard conditions of temperature and pressure for a thermochemical equation are _____.

A. 0°C and 101 kPa.

B. 25°C and 101 kPa.

C. 0°C and 0 kPa.

D. 25°C and 22.4 kPa.

Answer:

B. A chart of frequencies of light waves

Explanation:

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Fossils are most likely to be found in sedimentary rock because to become fossilized an organisms must be buried quickly before it is destroyed by erosion or eaten by other organisms.

Rocks are naturally formed consolidated material composed of grains of one or more minerals.

There are mainly three types of rocks.

Thus, fossils are most likely to be found in sedimentary rock.

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Answer:

F has a larger nuclear charge than[tex]O_2[/tex] account for the fact that the F-ion is smaller than the [tex]O_2[/tex]-ion

Explanation:

The 'effective nuclear charge' of an  polyelectronic atom, denotes the net positive(+ve) charge that experienced by an electron. The "strength of the nuclear charge" can be determined based on the oxidation-number of an atom which determines the number of electron that is lost or gained by elements.

F-ion is smaller when compared with O2-ion because of the larger nucleus charge of the F-ion. This is because of the presence of more protons in F-ion that pulls the electrons on the shell’s outside, thus making it smaller.  

Answer:

The answer is C. Species

Answer: Species

Explanation:

If two animals can reproduce and  the offspring that is produced is also fertile then it can be said that they are members of the same species.

The population of the same species live together in search of food, mate with each other to produce offspring, compete for food and compete for other resources.

It does not matters that the organism live in the same place or different, if they mate and produce a fertile offspring they belong to the same species.

Answer:

Sodium and Magnesium are the two different element having same number of neutrons.

Explanation:

Neutron:

It is a subatomic particle,but without an electric charge,present in all the atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.

Its symbol is n with no charge on it.

sodium and magnesium have the same number of neutrons.

name of the element : Sodium

symbol: Na

atomic number: 11

number of protons: 11

number of neutrons: 12

number of electrons: 11

distribution of electrons: 2 , 8 , 1  

valency: 1

name of the element : Magnesium

symbol: Mg.

atomic number: 12

number of protons: 12

number of neutrons: 12

number of electrons: 12

distribution of electrons: 2 , 8 , 2  

valency: 2

Answer:

There will be more repulsive force between the electrons.

Explanation:

Electrons contain negative charge.As a result the electron will repulse another adjacent negatively charged electron.

   According to the given question addition of electrons to en energy level without adding more protons will increase the overall negative charge in the the energy level in which the electrons are added.

  This ultimately leads to generate more repulsive force between the electrons.

Answer:

The reaction between zinc and acetic acid is a single-replacement reaction. During this type of reaction basically one element replaces one compound.

The balanced equation for the reaction between zinc and acetic acid is

Zn(OH)_2 +2CH_3 COOH ----> Zn(CH_3COO)_2+2H 2O

Or this might help too!

Balanced Chemical Equation

A balanced chemical equation is defined as the chemical equation which has an equal number of atoms on both sides of the reaction arrow. A balanced chemical equation is based on the law of conservation of mass.

Answer and Explanation:

Below is the reaction between acetic acid and Zinc:  

Z n  +  2 H C 2 H 3 O 2  →  Z n ( C H 3 C O O ) 2  +  H 2

This reaction is an example of a reaction between an acid and a metal. When an acid reacts with a metal, salt, and Hydrogen gas forms. The Hydrogen gas formed here can be tested as it burns with a POP sound.

The reaction between zinc and acetic acid is a single replacement reaction where zinc displaces hydrogen from acetic acid, forming zinc acetate and releasing hydrogen gas.

The reaction between zinc and acetic acid is a type of single replacement reaction, also known as a displacement reaction, a common type of reaction in chemistry. In a single replacement reaction, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its compound. Here, zinc is more reactive than is the hydrogen in acetic acid.

During this reaction, zinc will displace the hydrogen atoms from acetic acid, forming zinc acetate and releasing hydrogen gas. The general chemical equation for this reaction is:

2 Zn ( s ) + 2 CH₃ COOH ( aq ) → 2 Zn ( CH₃ COO )₂ ( aq ) + H₂ ( g )

Since zinc is a very reactive metal, when it is placed in an acid like acetic acid or hydrochloric acid, it will undergo a redox reaction where zinc is oxidized, and hydrogen ions from the acid are reduced, resulting in the evolution of hydrogen gas which can be observed as bubbling. Hydrogen gas is a common product when metals react with acids.

Answer:

Details are below

Explanation:

A Compound is made of number of atom of element, that have a specific ratio.

Below are the details of elements and the number of its atoms:

1) NaOH

Element    :  #of atoms

Na                      1

O                        1

H                        1

__________________

Total                  3

---------------------------------

2) HNO₃

Element    :  #of atoms

H                      1

N                      1

O                      3

___________________

Total                 4

----------------------------------

3) Li₂O

Element    :  #of atoms

Li                     2

O                      1

__________________

Total                3

------------------------------------

4) Li₂SO₄

Element    :  #of atoms

Li                     2

S                      1

O                      4

____________________

Total                 7

------------------------------------------

5) NH₄Cl

Element    :  #of atoms

N                     1

Cl                     1

H                      4

____________________

Total                6

------------------------------------------

6) CaClO₃

Element    :  #of atoms

Ca                    1

Cl                     1

O                      3

____________________

Total                 5

------------------------------------------

7) H₂COCH₂

Element    :  #of atoms

C                     2

H                     4

O                     1

____________________

Total                 7

------------------------------------------

8) Mg(OH)₂

Element    :  #of atoms

Mg                   1

H                     2

O                     2

____________________

Total                5

------------------------------------------

9) Al(OH)₃

Element    :  #of atoms

Al                    1

H                     3

O                     3

____________________

Total                 7

------------------------------------------

10) NH₄C₂H₃O₂

Element    :  #of atoms

N                     1

H                     7

C                     2

O                     2

____________________

Total                12

------------------------------------------

11) NaC₂H₃O₂

Element    :  #of atoms

Na                     1

H                       3

C                       2

O                       2

____________________

Total                 8

------------------------------------------

12) (NH₄)₃ PO₄

Element    :  #of atoms

N                     3

H                     12

P                      1

O                      4

____________________

Total                20

----------------------------------------------

Each molecule has a distinct composition of atoms, and the total number of atoms varies based on the elements present and their respective quantities in each compound.

1. **NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide):**

  - Sodium (Na): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 1 atom

  - Hydrogen (H): 1 atom

  - Total: 3 atoms

2. **HNO3 (Nitric Acid):**

  - Nitrogen (N): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 3 atoms

  - Hydrogen (H): 1 atom

  - Total: 5 atoms

3. **Li2O (Lithium Oxide):**

  - Lithium (Li): 2 atoms

  - Oxygen (O): 1 atom

  - Total: 3 atoms

4. **Li2SO4 (Lithium Sulfate):**

  - Lithium (Li): 2 atoms

  - Sulfur (S): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 4 atoms

  - Total: 7 atoms

5. **NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride):**

  - Nitrogen (N): 1 atom

  - Hydrogen (H): 4 atoms

  - Chlorine (Cl): 1 atom

  - Total: 6 atoms

6. **CaClO3 (Calcium Chlorate):**

  - Calcium (Ca): 1 atom

  - Chlorine (Cl): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 3 atoms

  - Total: 5 atoms

7. **H2COCH2 (Formaldehyde):**

  - Carbon (C): 2 atoms

  - Oxygen (O): 1 atom

  - Hydrogen (H): 4 atoms

  - Total: 7 atoms

8. **Mg(OH)2 (Magnesium Hydroxide):**

  - Magnesium (Mg): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 2 atoms

  - Hydrogen (H): 2 atoms

  - Total: 5 atoms

9. **Al(OH)3 (Aluminum Hydroxide):**

  - Aluminum (Al): 1 atom

  - Oxygen (O): 3 atoms

  - Hydrogen (H): 3 atoms

  - Total: 7 atoms

10. **NH4C2H3O2 (Ammonium Acetate):**

   - Nitrogen (N): 1 atom

   - Hydrogen (H): 7 atoms

   - Carbon (C): 2 atoms

   - Oxygen (O): 2 atoms

   - Total: 12 atoms

11. **NaC2H3O2 (Sodium Acetate):**

   - Sodium (Na): 1 atom

   - Hydrogen (H): 3 atoms

   - Carbon (C): 2 atoms

   - Oxygen (O): 2 atoms

   - Total: 8 atoms

12. **(NH4)3PO4 (Ammonium Phosphate):**

   - Nitrogen (N): 3 atoms

   - Hydrogen (H): 12 atoms

   - Phosphorus (P): 1 atom

   - Oxygen (O): 4 atoms

   - Total: 20 atoms

In summary, each molecule has a distinct composition of atoms, and the total number of atoms varies based on the elements present and their respective quantities in each compound.

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Answer:

4.704625 kJ (or 4704.625 J) is the amount of heat absorbed when the temperature of 75 grams of water increases from 20.°C to 35°C.

Explanation:

The measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or system is called calorimetry.

In this way, there is a direct proportionality relationship between heat and temperature. The constant of proportionality depends on the substance that constitutes the body as its mass, and the product of specific heat is produced by the body's mass. So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:

Q = c * m * T

Where Q is the heat exchanged for a body of mass m, constituted by a specific heat substance c and where T is the temperature variation.

In this case:

Then:

[tex]Q= 4.181 \frac{J}{g C} * 75 g *15 C[/tex]

Q≅4704.625 J

Being 1 kJ = 1000 J:

Q=4.704625 kJ

Finally, 4.704625 kJ (or 4704.625 J) is the amount of heat absorbed when the temperature of 75 grams of water increases from 20.°C to 35°C

When the temperature of 75 grams of water increases from 20 °C to 35 °C, the heat absorbed is 1125 calories, calculated using the specific heat formula (q = mcΔT).

The question asks about the amount of heat absorbed when the temperature of a certain amount of water increases. We can calculate this using the specific heat formula: q = mcΔT, where 'q' is the heat absorbed, 'm' is the mass of the water, 'c' is the specific heat of water, and 'ΔT' is the change in temperature.

Given: m = 75 g (mass of water), c = 1.00 cal/g °C (specific heat of water), and ΔT = 35°C - 20°C = 15°C (change in temperature).

Plugging these values into the formula gives: q = (75 g) x  (1.00 cal/g °C) x (15°C) = 1125 cal.

So, when the temperature of 75 grams of water increases from 20°C to 35°C, it absorbs 1125 calories of heat.

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Answer:

single displacement reaction

Explanation:

Cl2 + 2KI = I2 + 2KCl

This is single displacement reaction.

Answer:

Single displacement reaction

Explanation:

When Potassium Iodide reacts with chlorine, the following reaction occurs

2KI + Cl₂ ⇒ 2KCl + I₂

From the reaction above, it can be deduced that chlorine replaces iodine in potassium iodide to form potassium chloride. This type of reaction is called a single displacement reaction. And it usually occurs when a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from it's compound.

Chlorine is more reactive than iodine and as such can displace iodine from a solution (just as it is in the equation above).

NOTE: A single displacement reaction is a reaction in which an element (just one) replaces another element in a compound during the course of a reaction.

Answer:

the answer is a

Explanation:

According to the pH scale, baking soda is a weak base while bleach is a strong base. Therefore, option (A) is correct.

An acid is any substance that is capable of donating a proton to another substance.  A base is a molecule or ion that is capable to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid.

Acidic substances are generally identified by their sour taste. An acid is commonly a molecule that can donate an H⁺ ion and can be energetically favorable after a loss of H⁺ ion. Acids are also known to turn blue litmus paper into the red.

Bases are characterized by a bitter taste and a slippery texture. A base t can dissolve in water is also referred as an alkali. When bases chemically react with acids, they yield salts and water as products. Bases are also known to turn red litmus paper into the blue.

The pH value of the acids lies between 0 to 7 and the pH value of the acids lies between 7 to 14. Baking soda is a weak base that has a pH value of around 8 to 9 and bleach is a strong base that has a pH value of around 13.

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Answer:

Only 10 mole of water will react with 10 mole of Na metal

and produce

                     10Na + 10H₂O --------------> 10NaOH + 5H₂

Explanation:

2Na + 2H₂O -------------> 2NaOH + H₂

Exothermic Reaction:

This reaction is supper exothermic and when sodium metal react with water it produce a lot of heat.

Limiting Reagent:

Limiting reagent is the amount of reactant in a chemical reaction that determines the amount of products that will be produce.

For instance we will use the same equation

2Na + 2H₂O --------------> 2NaOH + H₂

The reaction shows that 2 mole of sodium combine with 2 mole of water and will produce 2 mole of NaOH and 1 mole of Hydrogen gas.

if we increase the amount of  water  to 4 mole then the same amount of product will form, and the extra water will remain unracted.

Similarly if we increase amount of Na to 4 mole then only 2 mole will react and will produce same amount.

Now

if we add 10 mole of Na to a large Volume of water following thing will happen

Given Reaction:

                  2Na + 2H₂O --------------> 2NaOH + H₂

Data from Reaction:

                   2Na +  2H₂O --------------> 2NaOH + H₂

                   2 mole   2mole                   2mole      1mole

Applying unity formula:

2 mole of Na will react with 2mole of water

So

                       2 mole of Na ≅ 2mole of H₂O

                       10 mole of Na = 10 mole of H₂O

So the same reaction will occur and produce NaOH and hydrogen gas

So, From the above reaction

                          2 mole of Na ≅ 2mole of NaOH

if 2 mole of Na produces 2 mole of NaOH then 10 mole will produce how much NaOH

apply the unity formula

2 mole of the Na ≅ 2 mole of NaOH

10 mole of the Na ≅ X mole of NaOH

so by cross multiplication

2 mole of Na x X mole of NaOH ≅ 2 mole of NaOH x 10 mole of the Na

we have to find moles of NaOH ....so by rearrangement of the above equation

X mole of NaOH = 2 mole x 10 mole

                                       2 mole

X mole of NaOH= 10 mole

So

10 mole of Na will produce 10 mole NaOH

*****For Hydrogen Gas that produce :

                         2 mole of Na ≅ 1 mole H₂

If 2 mole of Na produces 1 mole of H₂ then 10 mole will produce how much H₂

apply the unity formula

2 mole of the Na ≅ 1 mole of H₂

10 mole of the Na ≅ X mole of H₂

so by cross multiplication

2 mole of Na x X mole of H₂ ≅ 1 mole of H₂ x 10 mole of the Na

we have to find moles of H₂ ....so by rearrangement of the above equation

X mole of H₂ = 1 mole x 10 mole

                                       2 mole

X mole of H₂ = 5 mole

So

The following will be reaction if 10 moles Na thrown in large volume of water

Only 10 mole of water will react with it

                     10Na + 10H₂O --------------> 10NaOH + 5H₂ and heat

Answer:

Larger the size of atom lower will be ionization energy and it become easier to remove the electron.

Explanation:

Atomic radius

As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell. When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.

Atomic radii trend along group:

As we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.  Thus less energy is required to remove the electron from atom.

Final answer:

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom and is related to the atom's ability to lose electrons. It increases across a period due to higher effective nuclear charge and decreases down a group as atomic size increases.

Explanation:

Ionization energy is directly related to how easily an electron can be lost from an atom. It is defined as the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom. As you move across a row on the periodic table, the ionization energies generally tend to increase, which means it becomes more difficult to remove an electron because the effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons increases.

Trends Across the Periodic Table

Elements on the left side of the periodic table can lose electrons more easily, as they require less energy to remove an electron than those on the right side of the periodic table. This is because atoms on the left have fewer protons and a smaller nuclear charge, reducing their ability to hold onto their valence electrons tightly.

Trends Down the Groups

Within a group on the periodic table, the ionization energy decreases as you move down the group. This is due to the atomic radius increasing, which means the outermost electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less electrostatic pull, making them easier to remove.

The energy required to remove successive electrons from an atom increases, so removing the third, fourth, fifth, and so on, electrons from an atom requires progressively greater amounts of energy, especially when an electron is removed from a filled inner shell.

Answer:

nucleus

Explanation:

it holds information needed to regulate most of the cell functions

The 'brain' of the cell is the nucleus, which regulates cell activities by managing genetic material and essential functions like growth and protein synthesis. It ensures the proper functioning of the cell, similar to the role of the human brain, which controls both mental and physical processes.

The "brain" of the cell is commonly referred to as the nucleus. Like the human brain, which is the control center of the body, the nucleus regulates the activities of the cell. It holds the cell's genetic material and is responsible for managing activities such as growth, metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell division.

The human brain, on the other hand, controls mental processes such as reasoning, imagination, memory, and language as well as physical processes like breathing and heartbeat. Both the nucleus and the human brain are essential for the proper functioning of their respective systems.

A typical day in the life of a cell involves the nucleus sending instructions for protein synthesis, which are necessary for the cell to carry out specific functions. Without the nucleus, a cell would not be able to operate efficiently, just as without the human brain, a body could not function.

Answer:

nani

Explanation:

omeo wa moo shindau nani

(proberly spelt it wrong too.)

The water molecules are not completely removed so additional heating is required.

Explanation:

We have the copper (II) sulfate pentehydrate with the chemical formula CuSO₄ · 5H₂O.

molar mass of CuSO₄ · 5H₂O = 159.6 + 5 × 18 = 249.6 g/mole

Knowing this, we devise the following reasoning:

if in       249.6 g of CuSO₄ · 5H₂O there are 90 g of H₂O

then in         8 g of CuSO₄ · 5H₂O there are Y g of H₂O

Y = (8 × 90) / 249.6 = 2.88 g of water

mass of dried CuSO₄ = mass of CuSO₄ · 5H₂O -  mass of H₂O

mass of dried CuSO₄ = 8 - 2.88 = 5.12 g

5.12 g is less that the weighted mass of 6.50 g. We deduce from this that the sample needs additional heating in order to remove all the water (H₂O) molecules.

Learn more about:

hydrates

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Answer:

fossils

land features

Explanation:

if some lands had similar fossil types, it must mean that the lands were once in the proximity of each other. For example, if Africa had the same fossils as South America, it must mean that they once we're connected, so that the animals can move freely from one continent to another. Additionally, the land features of some continents are similar to a jigsaw puzzle. It seems as though we can connect the edges based on their shape.

Answer:

Combustion and redox

Explanation:

Magnesium is burned in the presence of oxygen and form magnesium oxide.

The oxidation -reduction also take place that's why the given reaction is redox.

These reactions are take place by gaining or losing the electrons and oxidation state of elements are changed.

Oxidation:

Oxidation involve the removal of electrons and oxidation state of atom of an element is increased.

Reduction:

Reduction involve the gain of electron and oxidation number is decreased.

Consider the following reactions.

2Mg + O₂  →   2MgO  

the oxidation state of magnesium is changed from 0 to +2 so it get oxidized.

The oxidation state of oxygen is changed from 0 to -2 so it get reduced.

The reaction between magnesium and oxygen is best described as a combustion and redox reaction, with magnesium being oxidized as it burns in the presence of oxygen to form magnesium oxide.

The reaction that best describes the interaction between magnesium and oxygen is a combustion and redox reaction. When magnesium reacts rapidly with oxygen upon ignition, it combines with oxygen from the air to form a fine powder of magnesium oxide, as represented by the chemical equation 2Mg (s) + O₂(g) → 2MgO (s). This process is considered a combustion reaction because magnesium is burning in the presence of oxygen, and it is also a redox reaction because there is a transfer of electrons, with magnesium being oxidized and oxygen being reduced.