True or false? silage is made by the microbial fermentation of plant material under aerobic conditions.
a. True
b. False
In 1980, only 1 to 5% of all staphylococcus aureus isolates were mrsa strains. now 60 to 70% of s. aureus isolates are mrsa strains. what process is the cause of this situation?
Final answer:
The rise in MRSA strains among S. aureus isolates is due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, which selects for resistant strains. MRSA, resistant to many antibiotics, poses a significant health risk both in healthcare settings and in the community.
Explanation:
The process that has led to an increase in the percentage of MRSA strains among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 1 to 5% in 1980 to 60 to 70% now is largely due to the imprudent use of antibiotics. This misuse fosters the expansion of populations of antibiotic-resistant bacterial forms. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is resistant to multiple commonly used antibiotics such as methicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, and oxacillin, represents a significant health challenge in various environments. Originally prevalent in healthcare settings, MRSA strains are now also found in the community, affecting younger populations. The development of MRSA is a classic example of bacterial adaptation through the selection pressure exerted by antibiotic use, resulting in strains that are challenging to treat due to their resistance to nearly all available antibiotics.
What is the correct way to write 1,550,000,000 in scientific notation? 1.55 109 1.55 1010 15.5 108 15.5 109
1.55 x 10^9
Explanation;Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very small numbers. A number is written in scientific notation when a number between 1 and 10 is multiplied by a power of 10. For example, 1,550,000,000 can be written in scientific notation as 1.55 × 10^9.Is there photosynthetic activity in the benthic zone of the ocean?
No photosynthetic activity is witnessed in the benthic zone.
Explanation:A common lake has three zones of organic networks connected to its physical structure. The littoral zone is the close to shore region where daylight infiltrates right to the residue and permits sea-going plants (macrophytes) to develop. The 1 % light level characterizes the euphotic zone of the lake, which is the layer from the surface to the profundity where light levels become unreasonably low for photosynthesis.
The innermost territory is the benthic zone, filled by fine layers of mud in which only animals live. Due to the absence of plants as well as no penetration of light in this zone, no photosynthetic activity is seen.
Which digestive organ is responsible for digestion and absorption of nutrients in earthworms?
Final answer:
The intestine is the digestive organ in earthworms that is responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Explanation:
The digestive organ responsible for digestion and absorption of nutrients in earthworms is the intestine. As the food passes through the earthworm's alimentary canal, it first enters the mouth, moves through the esophagus, and is stored temporarily in the crop. The food then moves into the gizzard, where it is ground up and digestion begins. Following the gizzard, the food reaches the intestine where the digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs. Essentially, as the food travels through the earthworm's intestine, enzymes break it down, and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream to nourish the earthworm. Unabsorbed waste material continues along the alimentary canal to be excreted as feces, also known as castings, through the anus.
What toxin does staphylococcus aureus release to produce a fever?
Enterotoxin is an exotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus which settles in the small intestine and causes inflammation, Inflammation then can cause abdominal pain, dehydration, diarrhoea and fever. Important properties of enterotoxin are that it is a heat stable toxin and resistant to digestive protease. Diseases caused by exotoxins include food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome.
Scientists theorize that Australia was once part of a larger mainland area but due to plate tectonics, broke away. According to island theory, scientists can explain ALL BUT one of these occurrences as a result of Australia becoming and staying an island for a very long time. That is
Answer:
The answer is "D"
Explanation:
Island theory suggests that you would see all but a large assortment of plant dispersal mechanisms on a well-established island that was once part of a mainland. The plants no longer need an array of dispersal mechanisms; they breed with like species that are near-by on the island. Also, they have an established niche in that location that has proven successful over the decades; whatever they are doing is working.
Hope this helps!
According to island theory, scientists can explain ALL BUT one of these occurrences as a result of Australia becoming and staying an island for a very long time, and that is the presence of marsupials in Australia.
What is island theory?The theory of island biogeography suggests that islands have a limited capacity to support species, and as a result, they tend to have lower species diversity compared to larger land masses. Marsupials, a unique group of mammals characterized by their reproductive strategy of carrying their young in a pouch, are predominantly found in Australia and nearby islands, but not on other continents such as Africa, Europe, or South America.
The presence of marsupials in Australia cannot be explained by the island theory alone, as it would suggest that marsupials would have had to evolve in isolation on the Australian continent, which is unlikely given their close evolutionary relationships with placental mammals found in other parts of the world.
Hence, according to island theory, scientists can explain ALL BUT one of these occurrences as a result of Australia becoming and staying an island for a very long time, and that is the presence of marsupials in Australia.
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The _______ is moving end of muscle whose tendon attaches to a bone
A biology student is studying ways to grow crops in soils that are high in salts and other dissolved solids. To determine whether corn plants can tolerate salty soil conditions, she grows 50 corn plants in typical garden soil and 50 corn plants in the same garden soil plus 0.01 kilograms of salt. After 6 weeks of growth, the corn plants grown in salty soil were the same mass and height as the corn plants grown in non-salty garden soil. The student concluded that salt had no effect on the growth of corn.
What comment would you make to the student regarding her experimental design and conclusion?
A) The experimental design included both a control and an experimental group. The conclusion is valid.
B) The student should have used more plants in each sample group; the larger the sample size, the more valid the results.
C) The conclusion is not valid. Increasingly high amounts of salt should have been added to more corn plots for comparison.
D) Although the conclusion is valid, next time the student might want to grow corn in plots with different water and temperature conditions as well.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-C.
Explanation:
The experimental design to test a hypothesis must include all the parameters to be tested. The experimental design should include two types of samples: experimental groups in which the independent variable can be manipulated and the control group in which the variable to be studied must be absent.
In the given experiment the student tried to study the tolerance of the corn plants to salinity. So the amount of salt must be provided in different concentrations in experimental samples. The different amount of salt will help the student to compare the tolerance of corn plants in different concentration and will lessen the errors.
Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.
Describe problems that humans face because of pollution caused by urbanization and industrialization
Two events in space are described below. Event 1: The moon, the sun, and Earth are aligned along a straight line with the moon in the center, and the moon completely covers the sun. Event 2: The moon comes between the sun and Earth and covers only the sun's center, leaving the outer edges to form a ring of fire. Which event or events represent(s) a time any eclipse will be seen on Earth?
Both event one and two (which is C)
The reason for this is because for both examples, the sun, moon, and earth are aligned in some order, causing an eclipse
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Both Event 1 and Event 2 describe the types of eclipses that can be seen from Earth. Both Event 1 (total solar eclipse) and Event 2 (annular solar eclipse) represent times when an eclipse can be seen on Earth.
What is an eclipse?An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object passes through the shadow of another celestial object. The most common type of eclipse is a solar eclipse, which occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun, blocking the light of the sun and casting a shadow on the Earth.
Event 1 describes a total solar eclipse, which occurs when the moon passes between the sun and Earth and completely covers the sun. This alignment of the moon, sun, and Earth causes a shadow to fall on Earth, and those within the shadow can observe a total solar eclipse.
Event 2 describes an annular solar eclipse, which occurs when the moon passes between the sun and Earth but is farther away from Earth than during a total solar eclipse. As a result, the moon appears smaller in the sky and does not completely cover the sun, leaving a "ring of fire" visible around the edges. Those within the path of the moon's shadow can observe an annular solar eclipse.
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Which of the following forms of RNA is transcribed from DNA and carries coding information to the ribosomes?
There are three main types of RNA molecules that are synthesised inside the cell:
1. rRNA: rRNA is the ribosomal RNA. These RNA molecules make up the ribosome of the cell.
2. tRNA: tRNA also known as the transfer RNA (previously as sRNA for soluble RNA) is the adaptor RNA that helps in the synthesis of proteins in the ribosomal complex.
3. mRNA: mRNA is short for messenger RNA. The gene present on the DNA is transcribed to form an mRNA molecule. This mRNA molecule holds the code for the amino acids present in the protein.
Hence mRNA carries the protein coding information to the ribosome.
Enzymes catalyze the many reactions in a cell. there are hundreds of different enzymes in a cell—each with a unique three-dimensional shape. why do cells have so many different enzymes?
What carcinogen is known to be produced when high-carbohydrate foods are cooked at high temperatures? acrylamides carrageenan nitrosamines dioxins?
Plants use the ____________ to make organic molecules. o₂ is an important product of the ____________ . the light-dependent reactions involve a series of ____________ conversions. an electron carrier called ____________ drives the light-independent reactions. h₂o provides ____________ for the light-dependent reaction
Answer:
1) Sun
2) Photosynthetic process
3) Chemical
4) NADPH
5) Oxygen and Hydrogen electrons
Explanation:
1) Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert energy from the sun. It is the process that allows plants to create organic molecules that they use as fuel.
2) Specifically, plants use energy from sunlight to react carbon dioxide and water to produce sugar (glucose) and oxygen. Oxygen is also written as O[tex]_{2}[/tex].
3) the light-dependent reactions involve a series of chemical conversions.
Many reactions occur, but the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O.
That is Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light is converted to Glucose + Oxygen.
4) an electron carrier called NADPH drives the light-independent reactions. The full meaning of NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen. NADPH is a produced during the first stage of photosynthesis and is used to catalyse the reactions that take place in the second stage of photosynthesis.
5) In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reaction uses light energy from the sun to split water (photolysis). Water, when broken down creates oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons.
Cheers!
Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy in plants, producing ATP and NADPH in light-dependent reactions. These energy carriers drive the Calvin cycle in light-independent reactions, creating organic sugar molecules from CO₂. Water provides the electrons needed for the light-dependent reactions.
Explanation:Plants use the process of photosynthesis to make organic molecules. Oxygen (O₂) is an essential product of the light-dependent reactions. These reactions involve a series of energy conversions in which sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and that energy is converted into stored chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. An electron carrier called NADPH drives the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle. Here, the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to fix CO₂ into organic sugar molecules. Water (H₂O) provides electrons for the light-dependent reactions, with photosystem II initiating photosynthesis through the absorption of a photon
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Is the tube that carries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta to the developing child?
The umbilical cord is the tube that carries oxygenated blood and nutrients from the placenta to the developing fetus. It is part of the umbilical cord, which also contains umbilical arteries that return deoxygenated blood to the placenta.
The tube that carries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta to the developing child is known as the umbilical cord. This essential component of fetal circulation is part of the umbilical cord, which attaches the fetus to the placenta, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus. The umbilical vein carries oxygen-rich blood to the fetal heart, using a shunt known as the ductus venosus to bypass the immature liver. Conversely, the two umbilical arteries within the cord transport oxygen-depleted blood and waste products from the fetus to the placenta. The placenta, a temporary but vital organ, connects to the uterus and allows substance exchange between the maternal and fetal bloodstreams without direct mixing.
The phosphorus cycle differs from the biogeochemical cycles in that
The phosphorus cycle differs from other biogeochemical cycles as it lacks an atmospheric component and exists primarily as phosphate ions without a significant gaseous presence (option a).
The phosphorus cycle is unique among the biogeochemical cycles because it does not have an atmospheric reservoir (option a). Unlike other cycles, such as the nitrogen or carbon cycles, there is no gaseous form of phosphorus that is significantly present in the atmosphere. The cycle primarily involves the movement of phosphates, which enter soil and water ecosystems through the weathering of rocks and can be assimilated by organisms. Phosphorous is a key component in DNA, ATP (the carrier of energy within cells), cell membranes, bones, and teeth. Eventually, some of these phosphates reach the ocean and contribute to marine ecosystems or become part of the sediment. While phosphorus does not cycle through the atmosphere, it does have an oceanic reservoir in the sediment.
If a nucleotide lacking a hydroxyl group at the 3' end were added to a pcr reaction, what would be the outcome?
a. strand elongation would proceed as normal.
b. no additional nucleotides would be added to a growing strand containing that nucleotide.
c. nucleotides would only be added at the 5's end.
d. t. aquaticus dna polymerase would be denatured.
A client comes to the emergency department reporting symptoms of the flu. when the health history reveals intravenous drug use and multiple sexual partners, acute retroviral syndrome is suspected. a test for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is performed and acute retroviral syndrome is diagnosed. which clinical responses are associated most commonly with this syndrome
Being a living example of a tobacco-free lifestyle can __________.
a. prevent others from trying smoking
b. convince friends to stop smoking
c. make others around you more healthy
d. all of the above please select the best answer from the choices provided. a b c d
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Senescence of the eyes is often demonstrated by the presence of
Senescence is a form of cell-cycle arrest that is first identified in cells at the end of their replicative lifespan and linked to tumor suppression and aging. They are demonstrated by the presence of senescent cells that are non-proliferative and in the forms of fibroblasts or lens fibre cells. In addition, they could be induced prematurely by oncogenes in primary cells, inducing oncogene-induced senescence.
Sales promotions constitute the interpersonal arm of the promotional mix.
a. True
b. False
The part of the human ear that conducts air between the middle ear and the back of the throat to equalize pressure on either side of the eardrum is called the __________. the part of the human ear that conducts air between the middle ear and the back of the throat to equalize pressure on either side of the eardrum is called the __________. inner ear auditory canal eustachian tube cochlea
Answer:
middle ear
Explanation:
I tried it and it was correct.
Proteins are made up of amino acids. there are _____ amino acids, and _____ of them are essential.
Proteins are made up of amino acids. There are 20 amino acids, and 9 of them are essential.
What are these amino acids?Essential amino acids are those that the body cannot produce on its own and must be obtained from the diet. Non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body.
The 9 essential amino acids are:
HistidineIsoleucineLeucineLysineMethioninePhenylalanineThreonineTryptophanValineThe other 11 amino acids are non-essential.
The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function. Proteins are essential for many biological processes, including growth, repair, and metabolism.
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Programs such as the afdc, food stamps, and head start are known as __________.
Death and illness in a population is bad for the productivity of the system and is a destabilizing force. which theory takes this approach to medicine?
Answer:
Structural functionalism
Explanation:
In sociology, structural-functionalist theory explains the functioning of a society from social actions. That is, how the various actions of individuals make society function more or less stably. From actions arise social roles, from which in turn arise social institutions. Influenced by Durkheim and Radcliffe-Brown, structural-functionalist sociological theory took shape with Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) and Robert K. Merton (1910–2003) in the postwar United States.
Speciation occurs during the evolutionary development, or phylogeny, of a species. In which of the following situations can speciation occur?
A.
when two populations are reproductively isolated
B.
when two populations merge to become one population
C.
when a population becomes interbred
D.
when a population becomes extinct
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Rule out myocardial infarction is considered a ____ diagnosis
Double fertilization results in the formation of select one:
a. two diploid embryos and a haploid endosperm.
b. one diploid embryo and a triploid endosperm.
c. two diploid embryos.
d. one diploid embryo and a diploid endosperm.
e. two diploid embryos and a diploid seed coat.
Two continental plates collide and begin to build up a mountain range. Gradually, a species of lizards becomes separated by the mountain range. The members on one side can no longer interact with members on the other side. Due to their separation, the two populations of lizards A. will evolve in exactly the same manner and remain as one species. B. will likely become extinct within one year. C. will begin hunting one another for food. D. will likely evolve into separate species over millions of years.
Two continental plates collide and begin to build up a mountain range. Gradually, a species of lizards becomes separated by the mountain range. The members on one side can no longer interact with members on the other side. Due to their separation, the two populations of lizards D. will likely evolve into separate species over millions of years.
This form of speciation is called allopatric speciation that happens due to the separation of a population of species by a geographical barrier. Due to the barrier the gene flow or the intermixing of the different individuals in the population stops which affects the gene frequencies in the population leading to a gradual drift in the genetic characters.