The _____ states that a cognitive appraisal is the first step in an emotional response and that all other aspects of an emotion, including physiological arousal, depend on it.
The Cannon-Bard theory asserts that cognitive appraisal is the first step in the emotional response, with emotions and physiology occurring together.
The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion states that a cognitive appraisal is the first step in an emotional response, and all other aspects of an emotion, including physiological arousal, depend on it. This theory, proposed by Walter Cannon and Philip Bard in the early 20th century, offers an alternative perspective to the earlier James-Lange theory of emotion.
Key points of the Cannon-Bard theory include:
1. Simultaneous Activation: According to the Cannon-Bard theory, emotional experiences involve simultaneous physiological and emotional responses triggered by a cognitive appraisal of a situation. In other words, emotions and physiological responses occur independently but simultaneously.
2. Cognitive Appraisal: The theory emphasizes the role of cognitive appraisal or evaluation of a situation in initiating an emotional response. This cognitive assessment involves understanding and interpreting the significance of the situation.
3. Emotion and Physiology: Unlike the James-Lange theory, which suggested that physiological responses come first and trigger emotions, the Cannon-Bard theory posits that emotions and physiological responses happen together. Emotions are not solely the result of bodily changes but are influenced by cognitive processes.
4. Emotion-Inducing Stimulus: According to this theory, an external stimulus is perceived and appraised cognitively before both the emotional response and physiological changes occur. For example, when encountering a threat, the cognitive appraisal of danger leads to fear, and physiological responses like increased heart rate and sweating occur simultaneously.
5. Critique and Impact: The Cannon-Bard theory challenged the earlier James-Lange theory, which argued that emotions are primarily a result of physiological changes. The Cannon-Bard theory has had a significant influence on the study of emotions and has contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the psychological and physiological aspects of emotional experiences.
In summary, the Cannon-Bard theory asserts that cognitive appraisal is the initial step in the emotional response process. It proposes that emotions and physiological responses occur concurrently and that emotions are not solely driven by bodily changes but are influenced by cognitive assessments of external stimuli.
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Cities tend to situate convention centers and sports complexes in their cbds because
What is the approximate number of marriages that fail per year in the united states?
a. more than 2 million
b. more than 50 million
c. more than 200,000
d. more than 1 million
1.) Which of the following is the first step in the criminal trial process?
A) Opening statements
B) Direct examination
C) Filing objections
D) Jury selection
2.) According to the Controlled Substances Act, Which substance has the highest potential for abuse?
A) Cocaine
B) Barbituate
C) Tranquilizer
D) Codeine
3.) An exit wound in a gunshot victim
A) Is often surrounded by tiny grains of gunpowder
B) Is usually a small wound
C) Usually bleeds minimally
D) Often has a torn or ragged appearance
4.) An undercover informant's identity is covered by
A) A buy-walk transaction
B) A buy-bust transaction
C) An after-action purchase
D) An entrapment
5.) Which of the following is not specifically covered between the investigator and prosecutor at the pretrial conference?
A) What the investigator should discuss with the defense cousel
B) What the investigator's role in the trial should be
C) The role of each article of evidence
D) The overall strategy of the case
6.) Photographs of wounds in a body, a description of the neighborhood in which the victim lived, and background information about the victim are useful for
A) DNA analysis of the crime scene
B) Advanced fingerprint analysis
C) Personality profiling of the assailant
D) Discovering trace evidence
1. ANSWER: D. Jury selection
Assuming that the defense has already agreed to a jury trial, the first thing that needs to happen would be the selection of people who would be part of the jury. The other given options are all parts of the trial itself (as can be deduced from the literal meaning of the words) therefore they need to happen AFTER there is a jury already.
2. ANSWER: A. Cocaine
The Controlled Substances Act classifies drugs into five schedules. Schedules I and II has the highest potential for abuse while Schedule five has the relatively least potential for abuse. Cocaine is classified as a Schedule II, and is classified the highest among the given options.
3. ANSWER: D. Often has a torn or ragged appearance
Exit wounds are larger and bloodier compared to entry wounds since the bullet has to exert more pressure in order to pass through the tissues and everything on its way inside your body. This results in a torn appearance since the larger force exerted by the bullet really causes it to burst out of your body.
4. ANSWER: A. A buy-walk transaction
In a buy-walk transaction, the undercover buys drugs from the suspect and then walks away. The purchased drugs are then used as an evidence that's essential to issue a warrant to arrest the dealer. This warrant is not issued immediately so that the identity of the undercover will not be revealed to the suspect.
5. ANSWER: A. What the investigator should discuss with the defense counsel
A pre-trial investigation is conducted when a suspected person is inspected to gather evidences. In the conference where the prosecutor is informed about the investigation, the investigator goes over each evidence, his role in the trial, and the strategy for the case. He never discusses with the defense since he is investigating them.
6. ANSWER: D. Discovering trace evidence
When investigators know about the neighborhood of the victim, some background information about him, and photographs of wounds that would suggest the cause of death, he might lead to discovering any trace evidence.
A trace evidence is something that's not visible to the naked eye. It could be as small as a pollen. Knowing the little details would help the investigator focus on looking for small things as well.
____________ is the first step in the basic structure of a persuasive speech.
Fredrick claims, "because baseball is america's greatest pastime, if you don't like baseball then you hate america." this is an example of which type of fallacy?
Fredrick's claim represents a hasty generalization fallacy, as he incorrectly associates one's opinion on baseball with their patriotism, based on insufficient evidence.
Explanation:The statement by Fredrick, “because baseball is America’s greatest pastime, if you don’t like baseball then you hate America,” is an example of the hasty generalization fallacy. This type of fallacy occurs when someone draws a conclusion based on insufficient evidence. In this case, Fredrick is making an unwarranted leap from a person’s taste in sports to their patriotism, which lacks logical grounding and sufficient data to support such a claim.
William is interested in helping his client change his maladaptive behavior. he is most likely to be a(n) ____________. action therapist insight therapist biomedical therapist relationship therapist
Answer:
Insight therapy is used to help client's maladaptive behavior.
Explanation:
Maladaptive behavior refers to the irrational behavior where an individual cannot adjust adequately to the environment or situation. Social withdrawal, negative judgments, drinking, emotional masking etc are some of the symptoms. Action therapist does not work on the root cause but just on action to the problem without verbal communication. Biomedical therapist treats the patient through drugs and medicines. Relationship therapist deals with the problems pertaining to the relations among individuals.Charise, age 74, is involved in organized religion. longitudinal research suggests that charise will __________ than her agemates who do not participate in organized or informal religion.
Does anyone know why we exist?
If a student's final grade improves one letter grade for every three books he or she reads, this represents which schedule of reinforcement?
"in one family, a son was born with polydactyly toes while his sister had polydactyly fingers. in explaining this phenomenon in genetic terms to the parents, which concept should be addressed?"
In regards to diversity and financial style there are many differences between income level, ethnicity, and worldview. specifically, low-income families tend to view things from a(n):
Low-income families tend to view things from a structural perspective, where social circumstances like income inequality are attributed to external factors rather than individual talent. However, not all low-income families share the same values and practices that perpetuate poverty.
Explanation:When it comes to diversity and financial style, low-income families tend to view things from a structural perspective.
According to research, poverty greatly blocks opportunities for success and creates challenges in education, health care, and discrimination. This leads to a belief that social circumstances, such as income inequality, are the result of external factors rather than individual talent.
However, it is important to note that not all low-income families share the same values and practices. Some research suggests that certain values and practices among the poor can further contribute to their plight, such as higher rates of cigarette smoking, which leads to more serious health problems.
Boris is a prolific painter. however, he is also prone to periods of hopelessness and depression, which are followed by periods of mania. it is very likely that boris is suffering from a(n):
How did the ideas of Karl Marx differ from Adam Smith? A. Smith believed government should help oversee trade, while Marx though trade was unreasonable B. Smith believed that people naturally sought efficiency, while Marx thought people were lazy C. Smith believe that government should have control over country’s resources well Marx wanted to get rid of modern governments completely D. Smith believed governments should have little say in the economy, while Marx believed that a collective government of workers leading the economy would have greater efficiency
Identify the personality traits in the big five factors of personality that are associated with severe depression in older adults.
Witt (1997) found that parents who foster androgynous attitudes and behaviors in their children ultimately cause their children (both female and male) to have poor health practices and lower self-esteem. true false
Which problem solving strategy looks at every possible alternative and could take a very long time?
A.
hill climbing
B.
algorithm
C.
trial and error
D.
working backwards
The algorithm strategy involves exhaustively examining every possibility, thus it may take a longer time. However, it guarantees a correct answer if one exists.
Explanation:The problem-solving strategy that looks at every possible alternative and can potentially take a very long time is known as the algorithm approach. This strategy is utilized in multiple domains, including programming and computer science. An algorithm is a detailed series of actions or operations that need to be performed in order to solve a problem or reach a goal. Unlike other strategies such as trial and error, an algorithm guarantees a correct answer if one exists because it goes through all possible solutions. However, depending on the complexity of the problem, this approach can be time-consuming.
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Hannah theorized that sleep helps people behave in safer ways. she tested her theory by conducting an experiment. she manipulated the amount of sleep participants got and then tested their driving ability. hannah learned that participants who got more sleep were safer drivers. in this example, hannah's theory led her to _____.
petra is able to imagine what would happen if parents were held legally responsible for the crimes of their children. she is capable of making an argument for or against this, regardless of her opinion. which stage in piaget's theory best describes this ability
Students are most likely to follow classroom rules if they understand the reasons behind the rules. below are four possible ways through which we might help students learn why we establish certain rules for classroom behavior. which one is most consistent with recommendations offered in the textbook?
a. let the class operate without rules for the first week or two.
b. describe what a classroom with no rules and procedures would be like.
c. if students are capable of abstract thought, explain how the classroom is in many respects a democracy.
d. have students discuss problems that arise in the classroom and develop possible ways of solving them.
"thy lips, those kissing cherries, tempting grow!" this is an example of:
Is widely recognized as an authoritarian state Has an elected President and Vice-President Has a bicameral legislative branch- National Assembly and Council of States Has a legal system based on Islamic law From these details, what African government is being described? A) Republic of Kenya B) Republic of Benin C) Republic of the Sudan D) Central African Republic
Answer:
B) Voters do not have religious nor political freedom.
Explanation:
Voters do not have religious nor political freedom. The Republic of the Sudan is widely recognized as an authoritarian state where all power rests with the President. Some positions within the individual states have elections, but most national positions are appointed. All people fall under Islamic law, no matter what religion they practice.
Sheila, who has schizophrenia, displays virtually no emotion, no matter how dramatic an event; this is a _____ symptom of schizophrenia.
a. secondary
b. positive
c. negative
d. primary
How is it that the people in a place have a common culture
Adults have formal meetings where they vote on their beliefs and practices.
People get together as friends and decide how to think and what to do.
The leaders of the government tell people what they believe.
Parents pass on to their children ideas and ways of doing things.
Evidence that is acquired through the use of illegally obtained evidence and is therefore inadmissible in court is called:
Evidence obtained from illegally gained evidence, which is inadmissible in court, is referred to as fruit of the poisonous tree, a result of the exclusionary rule.
Evidence that is acquired through the use of illegally obtained evidence and is therefore inadmissible in court is called fruit of the poisonous tree. This is a legal metaphor used to describe evidence that is obtained illegally. It stems from the exclusionary rule which is a judicial rule applied to federal and state courts that prohibits the use of evidence in a trial when it is not legally obtained.
The concept also extends beyond the initial evidence to any evidence developed as a result of the illegal search or seizure. If evidence would have been inevitably discovered without the unconstitutional search, such as evidence that is in plain view or under a search warrant that officers did not know was improperly issued, it may still be admissible.
It's important to note that the exclusionary rule is meant to provide a remedy for defendants whose rights have been violated, while also acting as a deterrent against illegal search and seizure by law enforcement. For example, some landmark cases such as Weeks v. United States and Mapp v. Ohio have shaped the application of the exclusionary rule over time.
Frankie cannot stop worrying that her boyfriend is interested in someone else. she even creates imagined scenarios in which he is with another girl. this is known as
Alternating between extremes of adulation (when their needs are met) and loathing (when they feel scorned) is characteristic of people who are diagnosed with ______ personality disorder.
Answer:
borderline
Explanation:
Borderline Personality Disorder is a health problem involving the areas of psychology and psychiatry, very difficult to diagnose. People who have this type of disorder impulsively switch attitudes, may have outbreaks of hatred and, in extreme cases, even attempt suici**. In other words, people with this disorder alternate between extremes of flattery (when their needs are met) and aversion (when they feel neglected).
A feature that is often very common in borderline is the fear of abandonment or intense discomfort just thinking about being alone. The problem is that the way a borderline patient expresses this discomfort of abandonment and loneliness can be aggressive, overly intense, and a little messy.
In the goffman article, the two techniques employed to safeguard the impression fostered by an individual during her presence with others are _____ and _____.
I believe the correct answer is: defensive and protective practices.
In the Erving Goffman article, the two techniques employed to safeguard the impression fostered by an individual during her presence with others are defensive practices and protective practices. Erving Goffman defined defensive and protective practices as a strategy and tactics used to protect one's own projections.
Answer:
In the goffman article, the two techniques employed to safeguard the impression fostered by an individual during her presence with others are defensive and protective.
Explanation:
Erving Goffman was a social scientist, anthropologist, sociologist and Canadian writer. He was considered "the most influential American sociologist of the twentieth century." One of his best known works is called "The Representation of the Self in Everyday Life," where he speaks of the two techniques employed to safeguard the impression promoted by an individual during his presence with others.
In this work, he states that because it is a purely interactional activity, the impression promoted by an individual requires the relation between at least two people. Goffman, who has devoted himself to interactional studies, says that in addition to building and maintaining his face (defensive orientation), every individual must respect and not threaten the face of the other (protective orientation).
Mrs. o'connor assigns a task in math. she does not review prerequisite knowledge and skills. the task requires students to use a formula they learned in a prior unit. several students struggle with the task. what type of knowledge do they need that they seem to lack?
The text points out that many civilian deaths and injuries are caused by _____________. this weapon kills or maims more than 25,000 people every year.
land mines is the right awnsor