Measuring the Orbital Speeds of Planets
Introduction
A Boeing 747 can fly 624 miles per hour. That’s pretty fast! Right now, Earth and other objects in the
solar system are orbiting the Sun, but how fast are these objects moving? In this assignment, you will
calculate the orbital speeds of objects in our solar system.
Part A: Planetary Periods
In the 1600s, Johannes Kepler discovered three laws that govern the motion of objects around the sun.
Kepler’s first law explains that objects travel in an elliptical, or oval-shaped, path around the sun.
Kepler’s second law explains that an object travels faster in its orbit when it is closer to the Sun and
slower in its orbit when it is farther away. In this activity, you will investigate Kepler’s third law: the
relationship between an object’s distance from the sun and the time it takes the object to complete an
orbit around the sun.
Access the Gizmo from within today's lesson. The exploration guide found within this simulation will
help you work through the Gizmo. Click on the Lesson Materials link, which appears on the top left
corner of the screen once you enter the simulation, to access the student exploration sheet. Use it as
you work through Activity C and answer all parts.
Part B: Calculating Orbital Speed
Every object moves at a different average speed in its orbit around the Sun. In this activity, you will use
data collected from Part A to calculate the average orbital speeds of each planet and of Pluto.
1. Recall that the path an object takes around the Sun is an ellipse, and not a circle. However, to
approximate the circumference, or length, of each orbit, you will treat the orbits as circles. Go
back to your notes in your student exploration sheet from Part A. Using the mean orbital radius
(R) that you recorded, calculate the circumference of each planet’s orbit and record it in the
table below. Use the following formula to calculate the circumference:
Circumference 2 = π r
2. Using the periods you recorded in your student exploration sheet and the circumference of orbit
that you just calculated, calculate the average orbital speed of each planet and record it in the
table below. Use the following formula to calculate speed:
Distance Circumference Average Orbital Speed Time Period = =
The units of your answer will be in AU/year.
3. To give you a better perspective of how fast these orbital speeds really are, convert the orbital
speeds you just calculated from AU/year to miles/hour. 1 AU/year = 10,604 miles/hour. Record
your answers in the table below.
Table
Object
Mean
orbital
radius (AU)
(copy from
#6 in part A)
Circumference of
Orbit (AU)
Period
(Earth
Years)
(copy
from #6
in part
A)
Orbital Speed
(AU/year)
Orbital Speed
(miles/hour)
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Drawing Conclusions
4. Which planet takes the longest amount of time to travel once around its orbit? Which planet
takes the shortest amount of time?
5. How does an increase in orbital radius affect average orbital speed?
Extension
perihelion

In astronomy, the term refers to the point in the orbit of an asteroid, comet, or planet at
which it is closest to the sun. Aphelion refers to the point at which the object is furthest away from the
sun. Research facts about the dwarf planet Ceres. Calculate the average orbital speed of Ceres in
miles/hour when it is closest to the sun and when it is farthest away.

The frequency of light with a wavelength of 725 nanometers is approximately 4.14 × 10^14 Hz, which is calculated using the formula for the relationship between the speed of light, wavelength, and frequency.

The frequency of light can be calculated using the equation c = fλ, where 'c' is the speed of light, 'f' is the frequency, and 'λ' is the wavelength. The speed of light (c) is approximately 3.00 × 108 m/s. So, if the light has a wavelength of 725 nm (or 725 × 10-9 m, to convert nanometers to meters), the equation can be rearranged to solve for frequency (f): f = c/λ.

Substituting the given values, then we get: f = (3.00 × 108 m/s) / (725 × 10-9 m) = 4.14 × 1014 Hz. Therefore, the frequency of light with a wavelength of 725 nm is approximately 4.14 × 1014 Hz.

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Answer:

The Ileum connects the small intestine, and the large intestine.

Explanation:

The ileum is the last section of the small intestine. And it leads to the large intestine. The ileum mainly absorbs water, bile salts, and vitamin B12. The ileocecal valve is a one-way valve located between the ileum and the cecum, (which is the first portion of the colon.)

Explain:

Bioaccumulation is the process by which toxins enter the food web by building up in individual organisms.

Answer: 3.2

Explanation:

pH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

pH is calculated by taking negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.

[tex]pH=-\log [H_3O^+][/tex]

[tex]pH=log\frac {1}{H_3O^+}[/tex]

Thus as pH and [tex]H^+[/tex] are inversely related, a solution having lower pH will have more amount of [tex]H^+[/tex] concentration. And a solution having more pH will have less amount of [tex]H^+[/tex] concentration.

Thus the solution with lowest pH of 3.2 will have highest hydronium ion concentration.

A capacitor stops charging when the voltage across it equals the emf of the power source. The voltage and charge on the plates of the capacitor and the presence of an inductor play major roles in this process.

A capacitor, when connected to a power source, begins to charge up. This charging continues until the voltage across the capacitor equals the emf (electromotive force) of the power source. The reason for the capacitor stopping its charge is due to the opposing force of the charges on its own plates, as per the Kirchhoff's loop rule in physics. This rule states that the algebraic sum of potential changes around any closed loop in a circuit should be zero.

Another factor involved is Ohm's law for a capacitor. When the capacitor is fully charged, it effectively acts as a form of AC resistance, limiting the current flow. Once the capacitor is fully charged, it halts current flow, reaching its maximum voltage, which equals the voltage of the power source.

Aside from these, the inductor plays a role when a capacitor is in a circuit. The inductor resists a change in current, allowing current to flow even when the capacitor is fully charged. This creates a cycle where energy is transferred back and forth between the capacitor and the inductor.

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Final answer:

To find acceleration with mass, coefficient of friction, and applied force, we can use Newton's second law and the formula for frictional force. The applied force can be calculated by subtracting the force of friction from the net force.

Explanation:

To find acceleration with mass, coefficient of friction, and applied force, we can start with Newton's second law. Newton's second law states that the net force on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration: F_net = m * a. In the case of friction, we can use the formula for frictional force: F_friction = µ * N, where µ is the coefficient of friction and N is the normal force.

The normal force can be calculated as the product of mass and acceleration due to gravity: N = m * g. The applied force can be calculated by subtracting the force of friction from the net force: F_net - F_friction = F_applied.

Answer:

the correct answer is "c"

Explanation:

i took the test on usatestprep the answer is c (The particles will experience a repulsive force that will drive them apart along the line joining their centers.)

The difference between the positions of these two poles when viewed at different locations is defined as the magnetic declination which allows these angles for navigators to determine their true geographic position.

Magnetic declination is also known as magnetic variation. It is the angle on the horizontal plane between magnetic north and true north which varies depending on the position on the Earth's surface and changes over time.

Declination is positive when the angle is east of true north and negative when it is west. It changes over time and with place.

Magnetic declination is caused by the complex shape of the Earth's magnetic field which defines to the use of a compass with its needle pointing north for navigation.

Thus, the difference between the positions of these two poles when viewed at different locations is defined as the magnetic declination which allows these angles for navigators to determine their true geographic position.

Learn more about Magnetic Declination, here:

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Answer:

An object that moves at constant velocity

Explanation:

For an object to be in equilibrium, according to Newton's first law, the object must maintain its state of rest or movement without a resulting force acting on the object.

In this case the object in both options is in motion, but the only one in which that movement is constant and without resulting forces is when it moves at constant speed, so it is in equilibrium.

On the other hand, when it moves with at constant acceleration, by Newton's second law [tex]F = ma[/tex] ([tex]m[/tex] is the mass and [tex]a[/tex] is acceleration), if there is an acceleration there will be a resultant force so the object is not in equilibrium.

The answer is an object that moves at constant velocity is in equilibrium.

The net force on each charge due to the other two can be calculated using Coulomb's Law. The net force on the +75μC charge is 0.263 N in the positive x-direction, and the net force on the -85μC charge is -0.263 N in the negative x-direction.

To calculate the net force on each charge due to the other two, we can use the formula for the electric force between two charges: F = k x q1 x q2 / r2, where F is the net force, k is the Coulomb's constant (9 x 109 N m2/C2), q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between the charges.

Let's calculate the net force on the +75μC charge due to the +48μC and -85μC charges. The distance between the +75μC charge and the +48μC charge is 0.35 m. Substituting these values into the formula, we get F1 = (9 x 109 N m2/C2) x (75 x 10-6 C) x (48 x 10-6 C) / (0.35 m)2 = 0.263 N.

The net force on the -85μC charge due to the +75μC and +48μC charges is the same as the net force on the +75μC charge, but in the opposite direction, giving us: F2 = -0.263 N.

Therefore, the net force on the +75μC charge is 0.263 N in the positive x-direction, and the net force on the -85μC charge is -0.263 N in the negative x-direction.

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Answer:

A/ Elastic potential energy changes to gravitational potential energy

Explanation:

just took the test

Answer:

a

Explanation:

i got it right on edg

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is "wave B has a lower frequency."

Explanation:

The Doppler effect is defined as the change in apparent frequency of a wave produced by the relative movement of the source with respect to its observer. In other words, this effect is the change in the perceived frequency of any wave movement when the sender and the receiver, or observer, move relative to each other.

This is the effect that occurs in this case. And it is explained as follows: When the ambulance approaches the observer, the wave "compresses", that is, the wavelength is short, the frequency high and, therefore, the tone of the perceived sound will be sharp. On the other hand, when the ambulance moves away from the observer, the wave "decompresses", that is, the wavelength is long and the frequency low.

Then the correct answer is "wave B has a lower frequency."

Final answer:

To find the two sets of consecutive integers that satisfy the given property, we can set up and solve an equation. The equation is (x+1)(x+2) = 7x - 1. Solving this equation, we find two possible values for x: 1 and 3. Substituting these values, we find the two sets: {1, 2, 3} and {3, 4, 5}.

Explanation:

To find the two sets of consecutive integers, let's assign variables to the smallest integer in each set. Let's say the first set starts with x, so the consecutive integers in that set would be x, x+1, and x+2. Similarly, let's say the second set starts with y, so the consecutive integers in that set would be y, y+1, and y+2.

According to the given property, the product of the larger two integers (in this case, (x+1)(x+2)) is one less than seven times the smallest integer (in this case, 7x-1).

We can now form an equation: (x+1)(x+2) = 7x - 1.

To solve this equation, we can expand the left side and then simplify:

x^2 + 3x + 2 = 7x - 1

x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0

Now, we can factor the quadratic equation:

(x - 1)(x - 3) = 0

So the possible values for x are 1 and 3. Substituting these values back into the original equations, we can find the two sets of consecutive integers:

For x = 1, the integers are 1, 2, 3. And for x = 3, the integers are 3, 4, 5.

Therefore, the two sets of consecutive integers that satisfy the given property are {1, 2, 3} and {3, 4, 5}.

No, actually the answer is atoms.

Answer:

1. They’re invisible - Radio waves

2. They have colors - Visible

3. They’re used to learn about dust and gas clouds. - Both

4. They can travel in a vacuum. - Both

5. They’re used to find the temperature of stars. - Visible

6. They have energy. - Both

Explanation:

The magnetic spectrum consists invisible and visible part of the spectrum. The invisible part consists of radio waves. These are waves used for radios, tvs, and cellphone communications. They satisfy all the properties of transverse waves.

The visible part comes from light. This is the part that is visible to the naked eye. Examples are ultraviolet rays, the sun, neon lights etc. To determine how hot something is, the visible portion is used. The brighter the object, the hotter it is.  Thus, the brightness of the stars can be determined by the color of the light emitted. The visible rays satisfy all the properties of transverse waves. However, light is considered a dual nature - it has wave and electron-like properties.

the correct answer is the letter A)1 to 1

The nuclei of atoms that are the most stable have proton to neutron ratios of 1:1. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

The nucleus of an atom may be defined as the center of any atom that significantly consists of protons and neutrons. Due to the positive charge on protons and neutral charge on neutrons, the nucleus of an atom is found to be positively charged.

In the structure of any atom, the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom remains equal most of the time.

But when it comes to isotopes, when atoms of different elements have the same atomic number but different mass number, the number of neutrons significantly changes.

Therefore, the nuclei of atoms that are the most stable have proton to neutron ratios of 1:1. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

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Answer:

Option (A)

Explanation:

The asteroids are the rocky materials that are present abundantly in space. They are found primarily in the asteroid belt where there are millions of asteroids and frequent collision takes place in this belt. These asteroids revolves around the sun. These asteroids are of various sizes, ranging from small pieces into large mass that can cause tremendous effect to earth. These asteroids are the left overs of the early solar system, which got scattered in space soon after the formation of the universe.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A).

Specific gravity = Density of an object/Density of water

Density = Mass/Volume

For the current scenario;

Density of halite = mass/(l*w*h) = 58.75/(3.18*3.06*2.79) = 58.75/27.148932 = 2.164 g/cm^3

Density of water ≈ 1000 kg/m^3 = 1 g/cm^3

For ape x it is a 16-year-old freshman who can't decide if she wants to dress preppy or goth

Answer: i think its too late for answer but thx for points really needed