AlCl₃ has stronger polar bonds than AlBr₃ due to chlorine's higher electronegativity. The overall polarities of these compounds would also consider their similar trigonal planar structures.
Explanation:Of the molecules AlCl₃ and AlBr₃, AlCl₃ has more polar bonds. Bond polarity arises from the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms forming a bond. Chlorine (Cl) is more electronegative than Bromine (Br), hence, electrons in AlCl₃ are pulled towards Cl more than electrons in AlBr₃ are pulled towards Br. This makes the bonds in AlCl₃ more polar than those in AlBr₃.
In the context of a molecule being polar or nonpolar, apart from just electronegativity, we also need to consider the molecule's geometric structure. However, since both AlCl₃ and AlBr₃ have a similar structure (trigonal planar), influencing factors remain the bond polarities.
The two idealized extremes of chemical bonding: (1) ionic bonding—in which one or more electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another, and the resulting ions are held together by purely electrostatic forces—and (2) covalent bonding, in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms. Most compounds, however, have polar covalent bonds, which means that electrons are shared unequally between the bonded atoms. Figure 3.4.4 compares the electron distribution in a polar covalent bond with those in an ideally covalent and an ideally ionic bond. Recall that a lowercase Greek delta ( δ
) is used to indicate that a bonded atom possesses a partial positive charge, indicated by δ+
, or a partial negative charge, indicated by δ−
, and a bond between two atoms that possess partial charges is a polar bond.
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Calculate the volume in ml of 0.20m naoh needed to react completely with 100.ml of 0.040m acetic acid.
Your body's "thermostat" is called the _____. thyroid hypothalamus thalamus parathyroid
Your body's "thermostat" is called the hypothalamus!
Hydroxylamine is a weak molecular base with kb = 6.6 x 10-9. what is the ph of a 0.0500 m solution of hydroxylamine?
Kb(NH₂OH) = 1,8·10⁻⁵.
c₀(NH₂OH) = 0,0500 M =
0,05 mol/L.
c(NH₂⁺) = c(OH⁻) = x.
c(NH₂OH) = 0,05 mol/L - x.
Kb = c(NH₂⁺) · c(OH⁻) / c(NH₂OH).
0,0000000066 = x² / (0,05 mol/L - x).
solve quadratic equation: x = c(OH⁻) = 0,000018 mol/L.
pOH = -log(0,000018 mol/L) = 4,74.
pH = 14 - 4,74 = 9,23.
The pH of a 0.0500 M solution of hydroxylamine is 9.26.
To find the pH of a 0.0500 M solution of hydroxylamine, we need to find the hydroxide ion concentration [OH⁻] and then use the pOH-pH relationship.
Since hydroxylamine is a weak base, we can use the following equilibrium equation:
NH₂OH + H₂O ⇌ NH₃OH ⁺+ OH⁻
The base dissociation constant (Kb) is given as 6.6 x 10⁻⁹.
Let x be the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH⁻] formed. Then, the concentration of NH₃OH⁺ will also be x.
The initial concentration of hydroxylamine is 0.0500 M, and since it's a weak base, the amount of hydroxylamine that dissociates is very small compared to the initial concentration. Therefore, we can assume that the concentration of hydroxylamine remains approximately constant at 0.0500 M.
The equilibrium expression for Kb is:
Kb = [NH₃OH⁺][OH⁻] / [NH₂OH] = x² / 0.0500
Rearranging the equation to solve for x:
x² = Kb × 0.0500 = 6.6 x 10⁻⁹ × 0.0500 = 3.3 x 10⁻¹⁰
x = √(3.3 x 10⁻¹⁰) = 1.81 x 10⁻⁵ M
This is the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH⁻].
Now, we can find the pOH using the following equation:
pOH = -log[OH⁻] = -log(1.81 x 10⁻⁵) = 4.74
Finally, we can find the pH using the pOH-pH relationship:
pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.74 = 9.26
Therefore, the pH of a 0.0500 M solution of hydroxylamine is 9.26.
A solution of water (kf=1.86 ∘c/m) and glucose freezes at − 2.75 ∘c. what is the molal concentration of glucose in this solution? assume that the freezing point of pure water is 0.00 ∘c.
Explanation:
Relation between freezing temperature and molal concentration is as follows.
[tex]\Delta T_{f} = k_{f} \times m[/tex]
The given data is as follows.
[tex]\Delta T_{f}[/tex] = difference in temperature = [tex][0 - (-2.75)]^{o}C[/tex] = [tex]2.75^{o}C[/tex]
[tex]k_{f} = 1.86^{o}C/mol[/tex]
molality, (m) = ?
Now, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
m = [tex]\frac{\Delta T_{f}}{k_{f}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{2.75^{o}C}{1.86^{o}C/mol}[/tex]
= 1.48 m
Therefore, we can conclude that molal concentration of glucose in the given solution is 1.48 m.
Neutralization is an important prart of digestion. Why?
How many total atoms are in 0.330 g of P2O5?
Some common fossil fuels are gasonline,____, coal and natural gas
why is mercury the only metal to have been used in thermometers
Mercury is liquid at room temperature, expands consistently, and doesn't wet glass, making it ideal for accurate temperature measurements in thermometers despite its toxicity.
Mercury is the only metal to have been used extensively in thermometers for several reasons. Firstly, it is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature, allowing it to easily expand and contract with temperature changes, making it excellent for precise temperature measurements. Additionally, mercury has a high coefficient of expansion, meaning it expands and contracts uniformly, resulting in accurate and consistent readings.
Mercury also does not wet glass, maintaining a clear meniscus that makes it easy to read the temperature. Its high density compared to other liquids, such as water, allows for more compact and portable thermometers. Despite its hazardous nature, these unique physical properties have historically made mercury the preferred choice for use in thermometers until safety concerns led to the adoption of safer alternatives like alcohol-filled instruments.
K12 3.10 Unit Assessment: Solutions, Part 1 does anyone have the answers for this quiz
The student is not provided with the direct answers to their K12 3.10 Unit Assessment (Chemistry). Instead, they are advised to review key concepts and principles from the unit, apply them to different contexts during the assessment, and utilise computational and analytical skills.
Explanation:While it's not appropriate to provide the direct answers to your K12 3.10 Unit Assessment: Solutions, Part 1, I can help you understand how to arrive at correct solutions. The assessment likely includes both multiple-choice and short-response questions from various topics you've studied during the unit.
Critical Thinking Questions usually require you to apply concepts and principles you've learned to different contexts or situations. You might have to use analytic and computational skills to solve some problems. For instance, an example of a chemistry AP question could be asking you to calculate molarity of a solution, given the mass of the solute and volume of the solution.
Finally, review the materials from your textbooks and lessons, particularly the areas you feel less confident about. Practice using the concept to solve problems and try to understand the underlying principles. Good luck with your assessment!
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What is the expected oxidation state for the most common ion of element 2
The most common ion of helium (element 2), which rarely forms, has an expected oxidation state of 0 due to helium's full valence electron shell and its nature as a noble gas.
The expected oxidation state for the most common ion of element 2, which is helium (He), is 0. Because helium is a noble gas, it rarely forms ions and typically remains unreactive due to its full valence electron shell. Therefore, the oxidation number of any noble gas in its elemental state, including helium, is 0.
What is the maximum mass of ethanol that can be made from 15.5 kg of glucose?
What mass of natural gas (ch4) must you burn to emit 269 kj of heat? ch4(g)+2o2(g)âco2(g)+2h2o(g)δhârxn=â802.3kj express the mass in grams to three significant figures?
The mass of natural gas (CH₄) you need to burn to emit 269 kJ of heat is 5.38 g, expressed to three significant figures.
The combustion of methane is an exothermic reaction, meaning that it releases heat. The heat of combustion of methane is -802.3 kJ/mol, which means that 802.3 kJ of heat are released when 1 mole of methane is burned.
We can use this information to calculate the mass of methane needed to release 269 kJ of heat.
Mass of CH₄ = Heat / Heat of combustion
= 269 kJ / (-802.3 kJ/mol)
= 0.334 mol
= 5.38 g
Therefore, you need to burn 5.38 grams of methane to emit 269 kJ of heat.
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The mass of natural gas (CH4) that must be burned to emit 269 kJ of heat is 5.42 grams.
Explanation:To calculate the mass of natural gas (CH4) that must be burned to emit 269 kJ of heat, we can use the enthalpy of combustion per mole of methane. According to the given balanced chemical equation, the enthalpy change of the combustion reaction is -802.3 kJ.
From a previous similar question, we know that when 2.50 g of methane burns, 125 kJ of heat is produced. So, we can set up a proportion to find the mass of CH4 that corresponds to 269 kJ of heat:
(2.50 g methane)/(125 kJ heat) = (x)/(269 kJ heat)
Solving for x, we find that x = 5.42 g. Therefore, the mass of natural gas that must be burned to emit 269 kJ of heat is 5.42 grams (to three significant figures).
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Which situation would be considered pseudoscience?
Students gather to identify species of plants in their neighborhood.
A student’s lucky necklace helps her win another volleyball tournament.
Students are successful in petitioning for organic food in the cafeteria.
A student tries eating all natural foods for one month to see if she has more energy.
The combustion of 987.0 g of methane in the presence of excess oxygen produces 1.543 kg of carbon dioxide. What is the percent yield
which state removed a physician's license to practice medicine.
Money management becomes more important when you are responsible for paying all your own expenses.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
When you are responsible for paying your own expenses, you start to take more responsibility for how your money will be spent. At this point you begin to understand the importance and begin to value money management. Money management is the activity, where you decide how much of the money you have will be spent and what will be spent. When you pay your own expenses, you must manage your money well and ensure that all your needs, such as home, food, taxes, gasoline and other things are paid. If you do not manage your money you will end up spending on needless things and you may have some unpaid necessary expenses, which will cause problems for your life.
Which electron configuration represents the element carbon (atomic number 6)? A)1s2 2s2 2p6 B)1s2 2s2 2p4 C)1s2 2s2 2p2 D)1s2 2s2
Final answer:
The electron configuration that represents carbon (atomic number 6) is 1s²2s²2p², reflecting two unpaired electrons in the 2p orbitals according to Hund's rule. So the correct option is C.
Explanation:
The correct electron configuration that represents the element carbon (atomic number 6) is C) 1s²2s²2p². Carbon has six electrons, and the way these electrons are distributed in the atom's orbitals determines the electron configuration. The first two electrons fill the 1s orbital, the next two fill the 2s orbital, and the remaining two occupy the 2p orbitals. According to Hund's rule, these two 2p electrons are unpaired in two different, but degenerate, p orbitals, maximizing the number of unpaired electrons and adhering to the Pauli exclusion principle. Thus, the electron configuration for carbon with its valence shell is represented as ns²np², where n represents the principal quantum number relevant to the orbital.
Calculate the residence time of sodium. Fill in the blanks.
Use T= m/f
Mass (m) Flow rate (f)
ton ton/year
Sodium 2.8 X 10^13 3.5 X 10^5
Zach is investigating the residence time of sodium in sea water. According to Zach's data table, the residence time of sodium written in scientific notation is _____________ X 10 _________ years.
Answer: 8 x 10^7
Explanation:
You carefully weigh out 10.00 g of caco3 powder and add it to 40.50 g of hcl solution. you notice bubbles as a reaction takes place. you then weigh the resulting solution and find that it has a mass of 46.40 g . the relevant equation is caco3(s)+2hcl(aq)→h2o(l)+co2(g)+cacl2(aq) assuming no other reactions take place, what mass of co2 was produced in this reaction?
The mass of CO₂ produced in the reaction is 4.10 grams.
To find the mass of CO₂ produced, we can use the law of conservation of mass, which states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products.
We start with the given masses of the reactants:
Mass of CaCO₃ = 10.00 g Mass of HCl solution = 40.50 g
The total mass of the reactants is the sum of the masses of CaCO₃ and the HCl solution:
Total mass of reactants = mass of CaCO₃ + mass of HCl solution Total mass of reactants = 10.00 g + 40.50 g Total mass of reactants = 50.50 g
After the reaction, we have the following:
Mass of the resulting solution = 46.40 g The mass of the products can be calculated by subtracting the mass of the reactants from the mass of the resulting solution: Mass of the products = Mass of the resulting solution - Mass of the reactants Mass of the products = 46.40 g - 50.50 g Mass of the products = -4.10 gThe negative sign indicates that 4.10 grams of gas (CO₂) have been released from the solution, as the mass of the products is less than the mass of the reactants.
This is consistent with the observed bubbles, which are CO₂ gas being produced and escaping from the solution.
Therefore, the mass of CO₂ produced is 4.10 grams.
How many molecules of o2 are contained in a gas tank that contains 650. g of oxygen?
Consider an amphoteric hydroxide, m(oh)2(s), where m is a generic metal. estimate the solubility of m(oh)2 in a solution buffered at ph
The solubility of an amphoteric hydroxide in a buffered solution depends on the pH of the solution. It can act as both an acid and a base. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be used to estimate the solubility in a buffered solution.
Explanation:The solubility of an amphoteric hydroxide, M(OH)2, in a buffered solution depends on the pH of the solution. An amphoteric hydroxide can act as both an acid and a base. At low pH, the hydroxide ion concentration is low and the hydroxide ion reacts with the excess hydronium ions, reducing the solubility. At high pH, the hydronium ion concentration is low and the hydroxide ion concentration is high, increasing the solubility. In a buffered solution, the pH remains relatively constant due to the presence of a weak acid and its conjugate base. The solubility of the hydroxide in the buffered solution can be estimated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
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A detailed description of what Alexander Fleming was famous for?
Complete and balance the molecular equation, including phases, for the reaction of aqueous copper(II) chloride, CuCl2, and aqueous potassium phosphate, K3PO4.
Answer: The molecular equation is written below.
Explanation:
Every balanced chemical equation follows law of conservation of mass.
Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can only be transformed from one form to another form.
This also means that total mass on the reactant side must be equal to the total mass on the product side.
A molecular equation is the balanced chemical equation where the ionic compounds are expressed as molecules rather than constituent ions.
The chemical equation for the reaction of copper (II) chloride and potassium phosphate follows:
[tex]3CuCl_2(aq.)+2K_3PO_4(aq.)\rightarrow Cu_3(PO_4)_2(s)+6KCl[/tex]
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
3 moles of copper (II) chloride reacts with 2 moles of potassium phosphate to produce 1 mole of copper (II) phosphate and 6 moles of potassium chloride.
Hence, the molecular equation is written above.
Given the reaction: HSO4– + HPO42– ↔ SO42– + H2PO4-Which pair represents an acid and its conjugate base?
A) HSO4- and HPO42-
B) SO42- and H2PO4-
C) HSO4- and SO42-
D) SO42- and HPO42-
List a few of the physical properties of graphite.
Write a balanced complete ionic equation for: hi(aq)+rboh(aq)→
The complete ionic equation for the reaction is as follows:
[tex]\boxed{{{\mathbf{H}}^ + }\left( q \right) + {{\mathbf{I}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{R}}{{\mathbf{b}}^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{O}}{{\mathbf{H}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) \to {{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{O}}\left( l \right) + {{\mathbf{I}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{R}}{{\mathbf{b}}^ + }\left( {aq} \right)}[/tex]
Further Explanation:
Double displacement reaction is defined as the reaction in which ions of two compound interchange with each other to form the product. For example, the general double displacement reaction between two compounds AX and BY is as follows:
[tex]{\text{AX}} + {\text{BY}} \to {\text{AY}} + {\text{BX}}[/tex]
The three types of equations that are used to represent the chemical reaction are as follows:
1. Molecular equation
2. Complete ionic equation
3. Net ionic equation
The reactants and products remain in undissociated form in molecular equation. In the case of complete ionic equation, all the ions that are dissociated and present in the reaction mixture are represented while in the case of net ionic equation only the useful ions that participate in the reaction are represented.
The steps to write the complete ionic reaction are as follows:
Step 1: Write the molecular equation for the reaction with the phases in the bracket.
In the reaction, HI reacts with RbOH to form RbI and [tex]{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}[/tex]. The balanced molecular equation of the reaction is as follows:
[tex]{\text{HI}}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{RbOH}}\left( {aq} \right) \to {\text{RbI}}\left( {aq} \right){\text{ + }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left( l \right)[/tex]
Step 2: Dissociate all the compounds with the aqueous phase to write the complete ionic equation. The compounds with solid and liquid phase remain same. The complete ionic equation is as follows:
[tex]{{\mathbf{H}}^ + }\left( q \right) + {{\mathbf{I}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{R}}{{\mathbf{b}}^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{O}}{{\mathbf{H}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) \to {{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{O}}\left( l \right) + {{\mathbf{I}}^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + {\mathbf{R}}{{\mathbf{b}}^ + }\left( {aq} \right)[/tex]
Learn more:
1. Balanced chemical equation https://brainly.com/question/1405182
2. Oxidation and reduction reaction https://brainly.com/question/2973661
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation
Keywords: Double displacement reaction, types of equation, molecular equation, complete ionic equation, net ionic equation, RbI, RbOH, H2O, HI, chemical reaction.
To write a balanced complete ionic equation, first write the balanced chemical equation and then break it down into its ionic components. Finally, combine the ions to form the complete ionic equation.
Explanation:To write a balanced complete ionic equation for the reaction between HI(aq) and RBOH(aq), we need to first write the balanced chemical equation:
HI(aq) + RBOH(aq) -> HRB(aq) + H2O(l)
Now, we can break down the equation into its ionic components:
HI(aq) -> H+(aq) + I-(aq)
RBOH(aq) -> RB+(aq) + OH-(aq)
HRB(aq) -> H+(aq) + RB-(aq)
H2O(l)
Putting it all together, the balanced complete ionic equation is:
H+(aq) + I-(aq) + RB+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H+(aq) + RB-(aq) + H2O(l)
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An 18 liter container holds 16.00 grams of oxygen gas (o2 at 45 °c. what is the pressure in the container?
How many grams of AgNO3 are needed to prepare a 0.25 m solution in 500 grams of water?
Question options:
125 g
0.125g
21.25 g
170g
During the process of transpiration, water _______ a plant through the _______.
A. enters; stomata
B. exits; stomata
C. exits; chloroplasts
D. enters; chloroplasts
Which of these collectively come under van der Waals forces?
Answer:
London dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions
Explanation:
Hello,
There are two intermolecular forces that are collectively referred to as Van der Waals Forces: London dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions.
London dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular forces. They are temporary attractive forces that turn out when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
On the other hand, dipole-dipole interactions turn out when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through the containing space. In such a way, the partially negative portion of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive portion of the second polar molecule.
Best regards.