On which part of the body does long-term use of stimulants (e.g., nicotine, cocaine, and methamphetamine) have the most significant impact?

Answers

Answer 1
Stimulants are substances that all result in the increase of levels of dopamine in the brain, which is a neurotransmitter that affects attention and pleasure. What this means is that stimulants affect our brain and the way it works by changing the ways that nerve cells communicate.

Neurons (nerve cells) are the cells that have a role in transmitting messages from the brain to other parts of our body, and vice-versa, which is important for pain response, alertness, energy etc.

With long-term use, the use of stimulants would affect the central nervous system (speeding it up), the brain, and the functions necessary to live, like respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature. Levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and GABA, which are responsible for the regulation of different processes,  are also impacted, which creates a chemical disbalance ultimately resulting in behavioral changes, mood swings, altered attention, movement and energy, stress etc.

So the part of the body that is affected the most with the long-term use of stimulants like cocaine, nicotine, methamphetamine is the brain of course, which is where these substances have the most impact, but the impact on the central nervous system, autonomous nervous system, and neurotransmitter levels is significant.

Related Questions

Marcia reported the following symptoms to her physician: severe weight loss, increased anxiety, and sweating. After several tests, Marcia’s physician determines that she has a very high basal metabolic rate and confirms Marcia’s diagnosis as . Her physician prescribes as the best treatment for her condition.

Answers

Marcia's diagnosis would be Grave's disease. all those symptom's exhibits the said disease. Another term for this disease in toxic diffuse goiter, which is an autoimmune disease basically affecting the goiter of a person. It is the very common type of hyperthyroidism. other signs and symptoms may include tremor of hands and fingers, enlargement of the thyroid gland, irregular menstrual cycle (female), erectile dysfunction (male), buldged eyes (Graves' opthalmopathy), fatigue, and Graves' dermopathy. her physicain may prescribe her with Radioactive iodine therapy by mouth. the thyroid needs the iodine to produce hormones (TSH) which are very low with persons with grave's disease. Beta - bolckers can also be prescribes not for the thyroid but to reduce the signs ans symptoms provided by the disease.

Answer:

her diagnosis is hyperthyroidism and the treatment is lobectomy

Explanation:

the chance that a certain event will occur is known as its ______.

Answers

The chance that a certain event will occur is known as its probability.

Hope this helps!

-Payshence xoxo

Are a category of sugars that contain either one or two molecules.

Answers

These are simple carbohydrates. This are molecules that can be broken down easily by the body to be used as source of energy. This is usually found in foods such as fruits, milk and milk products. This can also be categorized as single sugars or monosccharides, double sugars or disaccharides which includes sucrose, lactose and maltose. This must be differentiated from complex sugars which are normally polysaccharides. These are starches that form longer saccharide chains.

What are the most practical and feasible locations for wind farms?

Answers

Tornado Valley, mountain ranges, places with both high and low altitudes.

Suppose a bacterium has a mutated repressor protein that could not bind to the lac operator. how might this affect regulation of the operon

Answers

Then it never stops making protein which could either be bad or good; uncontrolled protein making can lead to cancer (tumors.)

Might this affect regulation of the operon then it never stops making protein which could either be bad or good uncontrolled protein making can lead to cancer (tumors.)

What is the lac operon?

The lаc operon has the group of the genes with one promoter thаt has encodes proteins just to use lаctose, аs the energy source just for the enteric bаcteriа. Enteric bаcteriа has been known as the bаcteriа found in the intestines.

Since glucose has much the eаsier to breаk down the lаctose, the lаc operon will only turn on if there has no glucose present аnd only lаctose present. In order to have determine when to turn it on, the lаc operon contаins just two regulаtory proteins thаt function аs the sensors.

The lаc repressor has аble to the sense has аmount of the lаctose, аnd the cаtаbolite аctivаtor protein (CАP) has been аble to sense the аmount of the glucose. Both of the lаc repressor аs well as the CАP аre bound to the lаc operon DNА аnd аssist with trаnscription bаsed on the аmount of lаctose аnd glucose.

Therefore, Might this affect regulation of the operon then it never stops making protein which could either be bad or good uncontrolled protein making can lead to cancer (tumors.)

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What causes the dangerous red tides in the ocean?

Answers

Red tides are formed by dinofllagelata, eucaryotic flagellate organisms. Dinoflagellates are marine plankton which means they drift on the surface of the sea. Those are small, nonmobile organisms who sometimes bloom in concentrations of more than a million cells per ml. The bloom is often red colour so the phenomenon is called red tides. Under such circumstances, they can produce toxins, dinotoxins which are capable of killing fish, so that's why this occurrence is dangerous.

Tactile corpuscles respond to light touch. where would you expect to find tactile corpuscles? tactile corpuscles respond to light touch. where would you expect to find tactile corpuscles? deep within the dermal layer of hairy skin in the hypodermis of hairless skin in the dermal papillae of hairless skin in the uppermost portion of the epidermis

Answers

The answer is ‘in the dermal papillae of hairless skin’. Dermal papillae is the layer of the skin (upper dermis) with numerous blood vessels and nerves that serve the epidermis of the skin. Tactile corpuscles (nerves) are mostly found in this region and occur mostly in hairless thick skin such as in finger and toe tips.


Answer:

the other guy is correct but here

Explanation:

The answer is ‘in the dermal papillae of hairless skin’. Dermal papillae is the layer of the skin (upper dermis) with numerous blood vessels and nerves that serve the epidermis of the skin. Tactile corpuscles (nerves) are mostly found in this region and occur mostly in hairless thick skin such as in finger and toe tips.

What should you do if the person does not give consent?
a. do not give care but instead call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.
b. give care and call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.
c. give care but do not call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.
d. none of the above?

Answers

The answer is A. do not give care but instead call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.
I hope this helps!!!

It's perfectly natural for loss to be followed by __________.a.feelings of euphoriab.a long period of happinessc.celebrationd.grief please select the best answer from the choices provided.abcd

Answers

Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When a person suffers from a loss or undergoes any type of sad phase in his life then the person suffers deep sorrow which is also called grief.

This feeling of grief can be expressed by crying.

For example, sudden death of a family member will cause grief in the family.

Whereas euphoria is the feeling of excitement or happiness which arises when something good happens.

And when something really great happens in someone's life then people used to celebrate it by conducting a party.

For example, birth of a baby girl bought joy in a family due to which a party was organized by the family members.

Hence, we can conclude that it's perfectly natural for loss to be followed by grief.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

A client is brought to the emergency department by friends who state, "our friend has been hanging with the wrong crowd. we are worried about drug use." the nurse notes that the client stares blankly and has an unsteady gait, stiff muscles, and eyes that are moving rapidly side to side and up and down. which sign or symptom is most important for the nurse to anticipate

Answers

The client symptoms indicate that phencyclidine piperidine (PCP) intoxication.

 Breath sounds important to asses with any new client. With PCP the temperature, pulse, blood pressure are also expected to increase not decrease.
Overdose can lead to hyperthermia, hypertensive crisis. The correct symptoms are rigid muscles nystagmus and ataxia which are both horizontal and vertical which indicates probable phencyclidine piperidine (PCP) intoxication.
Another symptom is aggression in all forms. It can take the form of belligerence, assault, and suicidality. The way of preventing them by decreasing stimuli, securing potential injurious objects in the environment. PCP can be used as an adulterant with other drugs.

Final answer:

The most critical symptom to anticipate in the client suspected of drug use is possible dependence and a severe crash with depression after the effects wear off, especially from stimulants like cocaine or amphetamines that may cause rapid eye movements.

Explanation:

When assessing a client in the emergency department with symptoms suggestive of drug use, the most important sign to anticipate is possible dependence and severe "crash" with depression as the drug effects wear off. This is particularly important if the drugs were smoked or injected. Among the symptoms presented—stiff muscles, unsteady gait, and rapid eye movements—the rapid side-to-side and up-and-down eye movements could indicate the use of stimulants such as cocaine or amphetamines which are known to cause these symptoms along with possible hallucinations and paranoia. Treatment options should address both the acute symptoms and the longer-term issue of drug dependence, possibly involving a combination of medical treatment, counseling, and support groups.

What is the difference between mid-ocean ridges and trenches?

Answers

Answer:
Ridges = crust formation
Trenches = crust destruction

Explanation:
Mid-ocean ridges are areas of rifting where two tectonic plates are diverging from one another. Magma rises up through the rifts and forms mountain ranges. The largest is located in the middle of the Atlantic. Rifting creates new crust.
Deep-ocean trenches are formed at convergent plate boundaries where the more dense plate (usually the oceanic) subducts under the less dense (usually continental). Subduction destroys old crust and is often accompanied by volcanoes. They are common along the pacific rim.

Answer:

Mid-ocean ridges occur at divergent plate boundaries. Trenches occur at convergent plate boundaries.

(just took the test and this is the correct possible answer it gave me)

Which regulating agency was put in place due to scientific information that showed the dangers of air population?

A. The FCC

B. The UNEP

C. The USDA

D. The EPA

Answers

i think the answer is d

Answer:

i think is D.the EPA

Explanation:

i got it right in edg

Look carefully at the model. Plants take in the increased ground water and use the water for photosynthesis. Plants also release water into the atmosphere as a by-product of cellular respiration. What process returns the water to the water cycle (#5 in diagram)?
A) condensation
B) perspiration
C) synthesis
D) transpiration

Answers

Water returns to the water cycle through the process of transpiration. Hence, option D is correct.

What is transpiration?

Water moves through a plant during transpiration, where it evaporates from aerial parts like leaves, stems, and flowers. Although water is essential to plants, only a small portion of the water absorbed by the roots is utilized for growth and metabolism. Transpiration and guttation account for the remaining 97–99.5% of the loss.

Additionally, the movement of water and nutrients from the roots to the shoots is accelerated by transpiration. As a result, transpiration mechanisms have an impact on the global carbon and hydrological cycles as well as the yield and survival of agricultural species.

Water releases into the atmosphere by plants through transpiration. Hence, option D is correct.

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Different finch species have beaks of different shapes and sizes. these different beak structures are evidence of

Answers

they are evidence of evolution

The different finch species have evolved with distinct beak shapes and sizes, which serve as evidence of their adaptation to specific ecological niches and dietary preferences.

The diversification of finch beak shapes and sizes is a classic example of adaptive radiation, a process in which ancestral species give rise to multiple descendant species that adapt to different ecological niches. Charles Darwin famously observed this phenomenon on the Galápagos Islands, where various finch species evolved from a common ancestor.

Each finch species developed unique beak structures tailored to their specific environments and food sources. For instance, species with long, slender beaks are adapted for extracting nectar from flowers, while those with sturdy, blunt beaks are suited for crushing seeds. This variation in beak morphology reflects natural selection acting on finch populations over time, favoring individuals with beak traits that enhance their survival and reproduction.

The finch beaks are a tangible illustration of the principle of adaptation and are often cited in discussions of evolution, highlighting how organisms can evolve to exploit different ecological niches through changes in their physical characteristics.

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How is sunlight used in photosynthesis?
A. Sunlight controls the amount of water in plant cells.
B. Sunlight is a nutrient for plants.
C. Sunlight is converted to chemical energy.
D. Sunlight breaks cell walls to allow energy in and out.
I'm thinking that it's either B or C but im not sure

Answers

Answer:

C. Sunlight is converted to chemical energy.

Explanation:

Producers use sunlight, water, and CO2 to produce glucose and process it into energy. Autotrophs obtain energy through the process of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. The correct option is (C).

What is photosynthesis?

A chemical process that occurs in plants, algae, and some types of bacteria, when they are exposed to sunlight. During photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide combine to form carbohydrates (sugars) and give off oxygen.

Moreover, photosynthesis is important because it is the process that plants use to transform carbon dioxide into oxygen with the help of sunlight. Animals need oxygen to survive and plants act as nature's air filter by removing harmful carbon dioxide.

Therefore, in plants and algae, which developed much later, photosynthesis occurs in a specialized intracellular organelle—the chloroplast. Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis during the daylight hours.

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Explain the process of mitosis in a tissue culture for normal cells

Answers

Mitosis is when a cell decays but also forms 2 or more cells to live in your body
Cell tissue is taken from a living organism.

Cells divide and reproduce in the culture.

Cells continue mitosis until they are touching, then they stop reproducing until a cell dies.

Cells reproduce one layer thick and then stop reproducing.

Cells undergo 20 to 50 mitotic divisions in a tissue culture.

The blood vessels that move blood in the direction of the heart are called

Answers

I think the answer is Capilaries
Hope this helps

If you must exercise outdoors at night, which kind of clothing is best to wear

Answers

You should wear luminescent clothing, such as a safety vest. This is so motorists can see you. The light from car headlights will reflect off the safety vest making you very visible to motorists. Also, wear a headlamp so that you can see in front of you and avoid dangerous terrain and hazards.

Light Colored reflective clothing

sweating an panting are examples of which characteristics of life

Answers

a. responding to the environment

Answer: Responding to the outer environment.

Explanation:

There are many characteristics of human beings that is required to survive. Out of all those one of them is responding to the outer environment.

The response of the outer environment can be any response by the body. Suppose the environment outside is cold then the body starts shivering and when the environment outside is hot then the body starts sweating or panting.

This is how the body responds to the outer environment.

Which of the joints will eventually develop into a synostosis?

Answers

Endochondral ossification leads to the eventual fusion of the epiphysis and diaphysis to form a synostosis.

__________ is the cpt code and modifier for postoperative care only for a radical mastectomy including pectoral muscles, axillary, and internal mammary lymph nodes.

Answers

The answer would be 19306 

Current Procedural Terminology codes are used to specify the medical procedure. Mastectomy has many different codes ranging from 19300 up to 19307. Two of them (19305 and 19306) would be radical mastectomy. 
The code that used for radical mastectomy including pectoral muscles, axillary, and internal mammary lymph node would be 19306

The ancient bacteria are members of the domain A) Archaea. B) Bacteria. C) Eukarya. Eliminate D) Monera.

Answers

archaea

.........................................................

how does meiosis ensure that the chromosome number in each cell remains constant in each generation?

Answers

The first thing to know is the difference between a chromatid and a chromosome.

Next, let's look at the basics of chromosome numbers in mitosis.

So it's more or less straightforward in mitosis:

The chromosome number remains constant (46 total chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes).The chromatids replicate during interphase to produce a total of 92 chromatids, but they're only found in pairs and remain connected at the center by the centromere. After mitosis, the chromatid pairs separate, so each daughter cell gets 46 chromatids.
Now meiosis is tricky. Meiotic cells undergo a more complicated process to ensure the correct number of chromosomes.

Here's what happens:

At  first the cells have the same number of chromosomes as mitosis. DNA  replication occurs, giving a total of 46 chromosomes (or 23 chromosome  pairs) and 92 chromatids (or 46 chromatid pairs).Meiosis I: In meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes separate.  In this case, the pairs of sister chromatids are still attached to each  other. So at this stage, the daughter cells get 23 chromosomes each (of  the pair of homologous chromosomes) and 46 chromatids in total (which  are actually 23 pairs of sister chromatids attached at the centromere).  This is known as reductional division, as the total number of chromosomes is halved at this stage. Meiosis II: Meiosis  II follows the same division as mitosis, except that there are only  half as many chromosomes. So the 23 chromatid pairs from the previous  cells (or 46 chromatids in total) split equally, so each daughter gets  23 chromatids exactly, which correspond to 23 chromosomes. Meiosis II is  known as equational division.
So to summarize, in mitosis, the total number of chromosomes is unchanged in the daughter cells; whereas in meiosis, the total number of chromosomes is halved in the daughter cells.

Actually, in meiosis, the chromosomes become half of their original value. After fertilization, the actual number of chromosomes is restored that is 46 in human. In fertilization two haploid gametes (n)⇒23 fuses together to form a diploid zygote (2n)⇒46.

So generation after generation, 46 is divided into two by meiosis, and then in fertilization, the two halves of 23 combine again to form 46.

Many older individuals develop presbyopia, a condition in which ________. the lens loses elasticity and can no longer focus for distant vision the near point of accommodation becomes further away visual acuity declines the lens loses elasticity and can no longer focus for distant vision, and visual acuity declines

Answers

Many  order   individual   develop  Presbyopia  a  condition  in  which  the  near  point  of  accommodation    become  further  away
 
 Presbyopia  is  an   eye -related  condition  that  causes  blurred near  vision.  Typically it  starts  at  around  the   age  of  $0   years.  It  may  affect   even   those   who  have  never  had  vision  problem   before.  When  presbyopia  begins  one   hold  reading  material   at   arm  length  to  help  their  eyes  focus.

The image shows a magnified view of a leaf's surface with the stomata visible. What’s the significance of these structures in the process of photosynthesis? a micrograph of a green leaf with the stomata visible They’re the sites of maximum photosynthesizing activity because of the concentration of chloroplasts. They’re the storage sites of glucose, which is produced during the process of photosynthesis. They absorb water vapor from the atmosphere, providing water to the plant for photosynthesis. They allow the exchange of gases between cells in the leaf and the external environment. They allow light energy to enter the leaf, which is vital for the process of photosynthesis.

Answers

The correct answers is : They allow the exchange of gases between cells in the leaf and the external environment

The stomata are small openings that can be found on both the upper and the down part of the leaf and they are connected to the plant's vascular system.
These openings enable the plant to get rid of excess water in the form of vapor and to take CO2 from the atmosphere that is essential for the process of photosynthesis. 

Which step is a part of the dark (light-independent) reactions?

Answers

The answer is ATP molecules being produced, this happens in light and dark.
All of the other options are either directly related to light/photosynthesis or are needed to complete it.

Carbon dioxide is used to form simple sugars is the part of dark( light independent ) reactions.

What is dark ( light independent ) reactions?

This is also called Calvin Cycle which take place in stroma of the chloroplast in the absence of light. In this cycle carbon dioxide is modified into carbohydrates by series of steps. The  energy for these reactions comes from ATP and NADPH generated during light dependent processes.

What is ATP?

ATP is adinosine triphoisphate, a molecule that carry energy within cell.

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Which precaution is most important for the nurse to teach the 32-year-old female client prescribed topical tazarotene (tazorac) cream for psoriasis?
a. apply a dressing over?

Answers

D. Adhere to strict contraceptive measures while using the drug.Rationale: Tazarotene is highly teratogenic (can cause birth defects) even when used topically. Teach sexually active women of childbearing age using this drug to adhere to strict contraceptive measures. Lesions should not be dressed, and the drug should not be stopped without consulting the prescriber. Tazarotene does not alter the immune response and thus does not increase infection risk.

The severity of a burn depends on several factors. the most important of these is: question 9 options:
a.location of burn
b.amount of burned area
c.age of victim
d.depth to which burn penetrates

Answers

D. Because the severity of it determines how easy or how difficult of a fix it is.

Why would a lack of neurotransmitters cause a problem in the nervous system??

Answers

A lack of neurotransmitters can disrupt communication between neurons, leading to impaired transmission of signals and causing problems in the nervous system, such as cognitive, motor, or sensory dysfunction.

A lack of neurotransmitters can disrupt signal transmission, impair functions, and affect the balance of neural activity in the nervous system.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that facilitate communication between neurons in the nervous system. They play a crucial role in transmitting signals and information across synapses, allowing for proper functioning of the nervous system. When there is a lack of neurotransmitters, it can lead to significant problems.Firstly, neurotransmitters are involved in the transmission of signals related to movement, cognition, mood, and various physiological processes. Without sufficient neurotransmitters, the transmission of signals between neurons may be impaired, resulting in disruptions in motor function, cognitive processes, emotional regulation, and other essential functions.Furthermore, neurotransmitters also regulate the balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. They help maintain proper neural circuitry and control the firing of neurons. Insufficient neurotransmitters can disrupt this balance, leading to abnormal neuronal activity, altered communication patterns, and potential neurological disorders.In summary, a lack of neurotransmitters can cause problems in the nervous system by disrupting signal transmission, impairing various functions, and affecting the delicate balance of neural activity and communication.

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Based upon the specific health effects described above, mercury would be best classified as a ________.

Answers

Mercury  is  classified  as  a  neurotoxin.
   
Neurotoxin  are   extensive  class  of exogenous  chemical   neurological  insults  that  can  adversely  affect  function  on   both  developing  and  mature  nervous  tissue.in  other  words  neurotoxins  are  toxins that  are  poisonous  or  destructive  to  nerve  tissue.  the  nerve impulse  is  blocked  and  symptom  include  low  heart  rate  and  muscle  paralyses 
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