Which substance cannot be broken down by a chemical change?
A) butanal
B) propene
C) gold
D) water
The substance that cannot be broken down by chemical change is [tex]\boxed{{\text{C) gold}}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
Substance is the pure form of matter while a combination of atoms or molecules is termed as a mixture.
Types of substances:
1. Element
The simplest form of substance that cannot be further decomposed by any chemical means is called an element. Carbon, sulfur, and cobalt are some of the examples of elements.
2. Compound
When two or more different elements are held together by chemical methods, compounds are formed. These can further be decomposed into their corresponding constituents. The properties of compounds are very different from those of their constituent elements. NaCl, [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex] and [tex]{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}[/tex] are examples of compounds.
A) Butanal [tex]\left( {{{\text{C}}_4}{{\text{H}}_8}{\text{O}}} \right)[/tex] is made up of four carbon atoms, eight hydrogen atoms, and an oxygen atom so it is a compound. Therefore it can be broken down by chemical change.
B) Propene [tex]\left( {{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}}} \right)[/tex] is made up of three carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms so it is a compound. Therefore it can be broken down by chemical change.
C) Gold [tex]\left( {{\text{Au}}} \right)[/tex] is an element so it is present in its simplest form. Therefore it cannot be broken down by chemical change.
D) Water [tex]\left( {{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}} \right)[/tex] is made up of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms so it is a compound. Therefore it can be broken down by chemical change.
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Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Elements, compounds, and mixtures
Keywords: substance, butanal, propene, gold, water, element, compound, chemical change, decomposed, simplest form, NaCl, CH4, carbon, sulfur, cobalt.
Gold, being an element, cannot be broken down further by a chemical change whereas butanal, propene, and water, being compounds, can be.
Explanation:The substance which cannot be broken down by a chemical change is gold. This is because gold is an element. Elements are pure substances that are made from a single type of atom and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. On the other hand, butanal, propene, and water are all compounds, which are substances formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. Compounds can be decomposed into simpler substances, or their constituent elements, by chemical change.
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Functional groups confer specific chemical properties to the molecules of which they are a part. in this activity, you will identify which compounds exhibit certain chemical properties as well as examples of those six different compounds.drag one molecule (white label) and one chemical property (blue label) to each bin.
Functional groups chemically define a molecule. Examples include hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH2), phosphate (-PO4), and sulfhydryl (-SH), each conferring unique chemical properties such as polarity, reactivity, or the ability to form certain kinds of bonds.
Explanation:In the context of chemistry, functional groups determine the chemical properties of a molecule. For instance, a hydroxyl group (-OH) confers alcohol-like properties to a molecule, making it polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds. Similarly, a carbonyl group (C=O) introduces reactivity and polarity to compounds known as aldehydes or ketones. A carboxyl group (-COOH) imparts acidic properties, while an amino group (-NH2) gives a molecule basic properties. Another example is a phosphate group (-PO4), often seen in DNA and ATP, that makes a compound acidic and highly reactive. Finally, a sulfhydryl group (-SH), commonly found in some amino acids, gives a molecule the ability to form disulfide bonds.
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A 5.63 g sample of solid gold is heated from 21.0 ºC to 32.0 ºC. How much energy (in J and cal) is required?
Final answer:
The energy required to heat a 5.63 g sample of solid gold from 21.0 °C to 32.0 °C is approximately 8.0239 J or 1.9174 cal, using the specific heat capacity of gold (0.129 J/g°C).
Explanation:
To calculate the energy required to heat the sample of solid gold, we can use the formula: q = mcΔT, where q is the heat energy in joules (J), m is the mass of the substance in grams (g), c is the specific heat capacity (J/g°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C).
The mass m of solid gold is 5.63 g, and the specific heat capacity c of gold is given as 0.129 J/g°C. The change in temperature ΔT is (32.0 °C - 21.0 °C) = 11.0 °C.
Therefore, the energy required in joules is:
q = (5.63 g) × (0.129 J/g°C) × (11.0 °C) = 8.0239 J.
To convert joules to calories, we use the conversion factor: 1 cal = 4.184 J. Therefore,
q in calories is: q = 8.0239 J × (1 cal / 4.184 J) = 1.9174 cal.
The energy required to heat the sample of gold from 21.0 °C to 32.0 °C is approximately 8.0239 J or 1.9174 cal.
Calculate the entropy change for a process in which 3.00 moles of liquid water at 08c is mixed with 1.00 mole of water at 100.8c in a perfectly insulated container. (assume that the molar heat capacity of water is constant at 75.3 j k21 mol21.)
Answer:
The entropy change for combining the two temperatures of water is 2.9 J/K.
Hope I helped!!! :)
Is a compound containing carbons, hydrogens, and hydroxyl groups (oh) that serves as the "backbone" for various lipids?
Understanding how much of a product is produced in a reaction is referred to as ________ understanding the reaction?
A 6.0 l container holds a sample of hydrogen gas at 150 kpa. if the pressure increases to 2 atm and the temperature remains constant, what will the volume be?
Answer:
The volume will be 4.44 L
Explanation:
Data:
First volume, V1 = 6 L
First pressure, P1 = 150 kPa -> 150 kPa * 1 atm/101.325 kPa = 1.48 atm
Second pressure, P2 = 2 atm
Second volume, V2 = ? L
From Boyle's law:
P1*V1 =P2*V2
V2 = P1*V1/P2
V2 = 1.48*6/2
V2 = 4.44 L
Find the number of moles 847g (NH4)2CO3
gas-to-liquid synfuel production can produce diesel, naptha and paraffin. The formation of these products usually involves _____. the Fischer-Tropsch Process the removal of carbon atoms from the fuel adding highly acidic substances such as hydrochloric acid the production of radioactive waste that must be stored in protective barrels
Calculate the hydrogen-ion concentration [H+] for the aqueous solution in which [OH–] is 1 x 10–11 mol/L. Is this solution acididc, basic, or neutral? Show your work.
Please help thanks so much! :)
we have been given the [OH⁻] therefore we can first find the pOH value
pOH scale is used to determine the basicity of a solution
pOH = - log [OH⁻]
pOH = - log (1 x 10⁻¹¹ M)
pOH = 11
after knowing the pOH we can calculate pH using following equation
pH + pOH = 14
since pOH = 11
pH = 14 - 11
pH = 3
pH scale is used to determine how acidic a solution is
once pH is known we can can calculate Hydrogen ion concentration
pH = - log [H⁺]
[H⁺] = antilog (-pH)
[H⁺] = antilog(-3)
[H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻³ M
if pH is less than 7 - solution is acidic
pH = 7 the solution is neutral
pH more than 7 - solution is basic
pH of solution is 3 which is less than 7
therefore solution is acidic
and hydrogen ion concentration is 1 x 10⁻³ M
How do phospholipids interact with water molecules? how do phospholipids interact with water molecules? phospholipids dissolve in water. phospholipids do not interact with water because water is polar and lipids are nonpolar. the polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not. the polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract)?
Answer:
the phosphate head mixes with water ;the fatty acid tails do not
Explanation:
How does the arrangement of the particles in a gas compare to that of a solid? (c?)
A. The arrangement of particles in a gas is the same as that of a solid.
B. The particles in a gas are closer together than the particles in a solid.
C. The particles in a gas are farther apart than the particles in a solid.
D. The arrangement of particles in a gas will depend on the mass of the gas.
The arrangement of particles in a gas differs from that in a solid in that they are farther apart, allowing gases to fill their containers' volume and shape.
Explanation:How does the arrangement of the particles in a gas compare to that of a solid? The correct answer is that the particles in a gas are farther apart than the particles in a solid (Option C). This difference in particle arrangement is crucial for understanding the distinct physical properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
Solids and liquids are considered condensed phases because their particles are very close together, which leads to them having definite volumes. Conversely, the particles in a gas phase are much more spread out, allowing them to move freely at high speeds. This significant separation between particles in a gas means that a gas can expand to fill the shape and volume of its container, differentiating it notably from solids and liquids.
If 2.34 g of NaCl was formed how many moles of NaHCO3 must have been used in the reaction? (Report only the numerical portion of your answer [i.
e. leave off the units] to 3 significant digits)
If 2.34 g of NaCl was formed, the number of moles of NaHCO3 must have been used in the reaction is 0.0800 mol
Explanation:To determine the number of moles of NaHCO3 that must have been used in the reaction, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the given mass of NaCl.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is: 2 NaHCO3 + H2SO4 → 2 CO2 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that there is a one-to-one ratio between NaCl and NaHCO3.
Therefore, the number of moles of NaHCO3 used in the reaction is the same as the number of moles of NaCl formed.
To find the number of moles of NaHCO3, we need to convert the mass of NaCl to moles using the molar mass of NaCl.
The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol (22.99 g/mol for Na + 35.45 g/mol for Cl).
Let's assume that x moles of NaHCO3 were used in the reaction.
From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 2 moles of NaHCO3 react to form 2 moles of CO2.
Therefore, the molar ratio between NaHCO3 and CO2 is 2:2.
Since we have found that there are 2.34 g of NaCl formed, we can now set up the following equation:
x moles NaHCO3 = 2.34 g NaCl × (1 mol NaCl/58.44 g NaCl) × (2 mol NaHCO3/2 mol NaCl)
Calculating this, we get:
x = 0.0800 mol
So therefore the number of moles of NaHCO3 is 0.0800 mol
Evaporation occurs when the molecules at the surface of a liquid gain enough _______ to overcome the _______ of other molecules in the liquid phase.
Final answer:
Evaporation happens when surface liquid molecules gain enough kinetic energy to break free from intermolecular forces, turning into gas and creating vapor pressure.
Explanation:
Evaporation occurs when the molecules at the surface of a liquid gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces of other molecules in the liquid phase. This physical process, known as vaporization or evaporation, involves molecules absorbing enough energy to enter the gas or vapor phase, creating what is called vapor pressure. The escape of molecules from the liquid phase to the gas phase is dependent on the molecules having a kinetic energy greater than a certain threshold. This energy helps them to overcome the attractive forces that hold them in the liquid. As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules increases as well, leading to more molecules having the energy to vaporize.
On a practical level, we experience the effects of evaporative cooling in everyday life. For example, on a hot day, the water molecules in perspiration absorb body heat and evaporate from the surface of your skin, leaving behind a cooling sensation.
N2 + 3 H2 -> 2 NH3
How many mols of N2 will be produced if it reacts with 2.5 x 1021 molecules of N2
The first stable compound produced from co2 in the light-independent reaction is
The first stable compound produced in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis from [tex]CO_2[/tex] is 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA), catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO in the stroma of the chloroplast.
The first stable compound produced from [tex]CO_2[/tex]in the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, is 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA). During the initial stage of fixation, which occurs in the stroma, an enzyme called ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) catalyzes the reaction of [tex]CO_2[/tex] with ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). For each molecule of [tex]CO_2[/tex] that combines with one molecule of RuBP, two molecules of 3-PGA are produced. This step in the Calvin cycle is crucial as it marks the incorporation of inorganic carbon from [tex]CO_2[/tex] into an organic molecule, which can then be converted into glucose and other carbohydrates that are essential for plant energy and growth.
what type of weathering effects granite
Which of the following can explain the daily change in sea level observed along a coast?
A.The gravitational pull of the moon on the water near the coast
B.The speed of the ocean's conveyor belt near the coast
C.Earthquakes and volcanoes near the coast
D.The concentration of salt in the water near the coast
Answer:
The gravitational pull of the moon on the water near the coast (option A) can explain the daily change in sea level observed along a coast.
Explanation:
The tides are rising and falling from sea level that occur several times a day. These periodic changes in the level of the sea are produced by the gravitational forces of attraction of the Sun and the Moon with respect to the Earth. But the force of attraction of the Moon is greater than that of the Sun, due to the proximity of the satellite.
High tide or high tide is the time when the sea reaches its maximum height. Low tide or low tide is the time when the sea reaches its minimum height.
The tide is noticed on the beaches because the coastline can go forward or backward many meters.
Finally, the gravitational pull of the moon on the water near the coast (option A) can explain the daily change in sea level observed along a coast.
what’s the difference between direct and indirect methods of flood control?
Final answer:
Direct methods of flood control involve structural defenses like dams and levees, while indirect methods employ natural solutions, such as afforestation and wetland development, to absorb and manage water flow.
Explanation:
The difference between direct and indirect methods of flood control involves the approach taken to manage and reduce the impact of floods. Direct methods are structural solutions like levees, dams, and reservoirs that physically prevent floodwaters from reaching vulnerable areas. These methods can control the flow of water, store excess water during times of heavy rain, and are often engineered to protect specific locations.
Indirect methods include strategies like afforestation, maintaining mangrove forests, or developing wetlands, which aim to enhance the natural capacity of the environment to manage water levels without the construction of artificial barriers. Indirect methods can absorb and slow the water to reduce flooding, benefiting the ecosystem and reducing the risk of erosion on a broader scale.
How much water must be evaporated from 8 ounces of a 1 % salt solution to make a 2% salt solution?
How does improving food-storage facilities make farming more sustainable?
A. It decreases the amount of water needed.
B. It keeps food from rotting as quickly and being wasted.
C. It decreases the amount of land needed.
D. It keeps chemicals from entering the watershed.
B. is indeed correct
Which of these can be used to distinguish a mixture from a compound?
Write the name for sn(so4)2. remember that sn forms several ions.
Answer: The name of the given compound is tin (IV) sulfate.
Explanation:
The given compound is formed by the combination of tin ions and sulfate ions. It is an ionic compound.
The nomenclature of ionic compounds is given by:
Positive ion is written first.The negative ion is written next and a suffix is added at the end of the negative ion. The suffix written is '-ide'.In case of transition metals, the oxidation state are written in roman numerals in bracket in front of positive ions.In the given compound, tin is present in +4 oxidation state.
Hence, the name of the given compound is tin (IV) sulfate
How many hydrogen atoms are attached to each carbon adjacent to a double bond? nurition?
When 1.0 mole of fe(s) reacts with excess o2(g) and 0.325 moles of fe2o3 are produced. what is the %yield of fe2o3?
Final answer:
The %yield of Fe2O3 from the reaction of 1.0 mol of Fe with excess O2 producing 0.325 moles of Fe2O3 is calculated to be 65%, using the stoichiometric ratios from the balanced chemical equation.
Explanation:
The question involves calculating the %yield of Fe2O3 when 1.0 mole of Fe(s) reacts with excess O2(g) and produces 0.325 moles of Fe2O3. To determine the theoretical yield, we must first understand the balanced equation of the reaction, which is 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3. From this equation, we can deduce that 4 moles of Fe should ideally produce 2 moles of Fe2O3. Given that we started with 1.0 mol of Fe, the theoretical yield for Fe2O3 would be 0.5 mol, considering the stoichiometric ratios.
To find the %yield, we use the formula: (%yield) = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%. Substituting the given values, we have (%yield) = (0.325 mol / 0.5 mol) × 100% = 65%. Therefore, the %yield of Fe2O3 when 1.0 mole of Fe(s) reacts with excess O2(g) to produce 0.325 moles of Fe2O3 is 65%.
Which reason best explains why carbon is able to form macromolecules?
Which of the following is not true about the dilution of a solution?
the concentration decreases
the amount of solute remains constant
the volume decreases
the amount of solvent increases
which of the following statements is not a description of neptune?
A. known for its strongest winds
B. has no atmosphere
C. one of the gas giants
D . has moons
Answer:
It has no atmosphere
Explanation:
number of grams in four moles of BaCO3
Within an atom, electrons A. are in motion inside the nucleus. B. are in motion outside the nucleus. C. are inside the nucleus and are motionless. D. are outside the nucleus and are motionless
Hello! The correct answer is, B. are in motion outside the nucleus.
I hope this helped!
Within an atom, electrons are in motion outside the nucleus of an atom. The correct answer is option B.
An electron is a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. It is one of the fundamental particles that make up atoms, along with protons and neutrons.
The electrons move around the nucleus in specific energy levels or orbitals, which determine the chemical and physical properties of the element. The electrons are negatively charged particles and are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus, which keeps them in orbit around the nucleus. The electrons are not motionless but are constantly moving and can be excited to higher energy levels by absorbing energy or by interacting with other atoms or particles.Therefore, option B. are in motion outside the nucleus, is the correct answer.
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