Answer:It could happen naturally through Mutation
Explanation:
What is mutation?
Mutation is a process where by the DNA of an organism changes.
This can happen when one base of a DNA is deleted somehow through some error in the DNA system or it could also happen if a new base is introduced (insertion) into the already existing DNA system changing the sequence of the DNA or it could also happen when the base is duplicated into two bases(duplication).
These changes may result to the change in the behaviour of an organism or it may change the way the organism looks.
Answer:
naturally
Explanation:
Gross income includes all of the following except
a. capital gains realized.
b. interest or dividends received.
c. salary or wages.
d. employer's current contribution to 401(k).
Answer:
d. employer's current contribution to 401(k).
Explanation:
Gross income -
Gross income is different for an individual and different for a business .
Hence , for an individual , It is the total pay of an individual excluding the tax deductions .
It includes all the source of income .
For business or companies , It is the gross income , as given in the income statement . It is also called the gross margin or gross profit .
Hence , the incorrect statement is ( d ) .
An important benefit of "flat" organizational structures is that ________. a. employees work fewer hours b. decision makers can react more quickly to market changes c. face-to-face meetings are unnecessary d. all operations can remain in the same country
Answer:
b. decision makers can react more quickly to market changes
Explanation:
In a flat organizational structure there are no or a few stages of management between the staff and the executives. This means that there are no supervisors of the staff, everyone is at the same stage of the hierarchical structure. The staff are directly answerable to the executives.
This means that there is less time spent on supervising and more time spent on productivity. Flat organizations have a decentralized form of decision making i.e., the decisions do not depend on a handful of people but everyone.
If demand is higher or lower the productivity is changed accordingly without supervision from a higher authority. The situation is understood by the staff and they act accordingly.
Suppose that you are planning to conduct a study to look at the effect of pet ownership on empathy, but that you cannot find any good measures of empathy (all of the measures that you find seem to fall short of your understanding of what empathy is, or to miss the mark completely). Unless you can find a measure that you are satisfied with, your research may end up being low in ____.
Answer:
construct validity of the effect
Explanation:
construct validity in research refers to how much the variables that is used in the research forms a correlation with the things that intended to be measured.
From the case above, we know that we want to research the effect of empathy.
But, people show their empathy in a very wide variety of ways. (for example some of them show it through tears, some of them through direct help, some of them through physical contact, etc). Because of this, we do not have any sure method that applicable to all subjects, which make it impossible to find a correlation between the subject's actions and the amount of emphatic. This will cause research end up lacking in construct validity of the effect.
When 6-year-old Sara imitates her mother, carefully wrapping and setting out presents for the holiday celebration, she is praised and given holiday cookies. Sara's learning of gender-linked behaviors is BEST explained by _____ theory.- social learning- cognitive- psychoanalytic- social scripting
Answer:
Social learning theory
Explanation:
Albert Bandura hypothesized the Social learning theory, which argues that by observing, imitating, and designing, individuals can learn from each other.
It has at times been called a connecting point between the theories of behavior and cognitive learning because it includes attention, recollection, and determination.
What was unusual about the way the Virginia colony was governed?
Answer:
The Virginia Colony had an English governor who could veto (overturn) laws he did not approve of.
Explanation:
The New England economy depended on small-scale subsistence farming, lumbering, manufacturing, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade. Most of the necessary labour came from family members.
However, a small number of slaves laboured in the port towns and Massachusetts was the first colony to legalise slavery in 1641. The unusual about the way Virginia governed was their governor who could veto laws.
According to some critics, the standardized tests that are used to group students by ability often measure students’ __________ rather than their "natural" intelligence or aptitude.
Answer:
Cultural Capital
Explanation:
Mr. Hanson tells his class that if they work hard during math time and finish all of their problems, they do not have to have math homework for that day. To increase their on-task behavior during math, Mr. Hanson is usingA) extinction.B) a secondary reinforcement.C) an antecedent.D) a negative reinforcement.E) shaping.
Answer:C)an antecedent
Explanation: Antecedent is preceding situation or event in which the human being tends to perform the learned behavior or nature. This type of behavior is used for the elimination of the pushing results/consequences by manipulation of the situation.
Other options are incorrect because extinction is the reduction of the something, secondary reinforcement refers to stimulus reinforce and shaping is structuring something according to the requirement .Thus the correct option is option(c).
The strategy Mr. Hanson is using in class is Negative Reinforcement. The elimination of homework when students finish their studies during class time is aimed to increase on-task behavior. This falls within the principles of operant conditioning where a behavior can be learned from the outcomes it causes.
Explanation:In the scenario involving Mr. Hanson's class, the strategy being utilized is D) Negative Reinforcement.
Negative reinforcement pertains to a situation where the elimination of an undesired or unpleasant factor serves as a motivation or encouragement for a behavior. In this case, the removal of math homework if the students finish their problems during math time seeks to increase the students' on-task behavior. This approach utilizes the principles of operant conditioning, a theory of learning which posits that a behavior can be learned (or strengthened) from the consequences it causes.
Extinction: This would involve removing the positive consequences of a behavior, leading to its decline, not the case here.A secondary reinforcer: This would be something that doesn’t inherently hold value but derives it through association with another valued factor. This isn't how Mr. Hanson's approach operates.An antecedent: This is a stimulus preceding a behavior. While Mr. Hanson sets conditions, his approach operates more as a consequence for student behaviours.Shaping: This process involves rewarding steps taken towards achieving a particular behavior, not used in the present case.Learn more about Negative Reinforcement here:https://brainly.com/question/31918583
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Suppose a phenomenon within the social sciences may not be measured objectively—such as attitudes toward the police—but social scientists still develop some agreed-on means of measuring and accepting these attitudes as objective fact. This process is known as:
a. deductive reasoning.
b. intersubjective agreement.
c. hypothesis testing.
d. inductive reasoning.
Answer:
b. intersubjective agreement
Explanation:
"Attitudes toward the police" cannot be considered as an objective subject that can be agreed upon. It is based on individual's personal experience and feelings.
In social sciences, such phenomenons where individual's perspective about a particular topic varies or is different from the rest are agreed upon as an intersubjective topic.
It is generally used to point and contrast the personal experiences of an individual. It is a common agreement between the different views of the people.
Thus though attitudes toward the police is cannot be measured objectively, still social scientist developed some common agreement towards these attitudes as objective fact. Such phenomenon is known as intersubjective agreement in social sciences.
Thus the answer is b. intersubjective agreement.
Evan is a slow learner who is in the fifth grade. He has been attending remedial classes where he receives training to retain and recall information better. His teachers have reassured his parents that the cumulative effect of these remedial classes take some time and is not visible instantly. Despite this knowledge, Evan’s father often chastises him for his mediocre marks and compares him unfavorably to his peers. Evan’s father’s approach to his academic performance is likely to lead to a _____ in Evan.
Answer:
inferiority
Explanation:
Inferiority complex is the lack of the self-esteem which is felt by an individual in himself/herself. It is the feeling of uncertainty or doubt upon own capabilities and the feeling of failure and not measuring and reaching up to the standard set by the society.
Hence, Evan's father chastising Evan about his marks is leading a inferiority in Evan own self-esteem.
Whenever Caroline goes more than a day without drinking, she begins to experience severe headaches, irritability, nausea, cramping, and shaking. Caroline is experiencing symptoms of ______.
Answer: Symptoms of withdrawal
Explanation:
From the given information, we can state that Caroline is experiencing what is known as the withdrawal symptoms. Here, it can be stated that these symptoms usually include anxiety, vomiting, fatigue, sweating, hallucinations, depression and seizures. During this the whole body can go through fatigue, excessive hunger, loss of appetite, lethargy, shakiness, night sweats etc.
"At one point, ________ was used by doctors and dentists, sometimes as a numbing agent before extracting a tooth. It was not until much later that this drug's problematic characteristics were recognized."
Answer:
cocaine
Explanation:
Although the use of cocaine in the medical field has reduced it was used as a local numbing agent for oral and nasal procedures.
It is now mostly used for nasal surgery. The side effects of cocaine which are increase in the toxicity of cardiovascular system, glaucoma, and pupil dilation are not suitable for medical procedures. Sometimes cocaine is used for nasal cauterization.
Dante always hated having his diaper changed but he loved cookies. Dante's father decided to use classical conditioning to make diaper changes less miserable. Every time he changed Dante's diaper, he would play the same song and give Dante a small cookie. Now, as soon as Dante hears the song, he is happy to have his diaper changed. What is the conditioned response in this example?
Answer:
Happiness
Explanation:
Classical conditioning is a learning technique where a stimulant which is biologically potent is combined with a stimulus which was previously neutral stimulus.
Here, the conditioned stimulus is the song which was previously neutral. The song makes Dante happy as he knows a cookie is coming after the diaper was changed. Dante being happy is the conditioned response as he used to be sad when his diapers were changed.
Melanie has just received an exam grade in her psychology class. She earned a grade of 89 percent, which is a B. All of her work during the semester thus far has earned A grades, and she is very upset about the exam score. "This is the worst thing that could possibly have happened," she laments to her best friend, Keesha, who just rolls her eyes. A cognitive psychologist would suggest that Melanie is employing the cognitive distortion called _________.
Answer: All or nothing thinking
Explanation:
All-or-nothing thinking is one of several cognitive distortions, meaning automatic ways of regularly reading a circumstance that makes people not contemplate different approaches. It´s a negative thought process common within people dealing with panic disorders, anxiety, and depression.
All-or-nothing thinking leads to thinking only in extremes, in terms of success or failure, in a binary scheme that leads only to negative evaluations of ourselves and others.
Which of the following is an outcome of the growing trend to have fewer children?
Women have less time for other endeavors.
Institutional care is replaced by parental care.
Parents are bound to have more realistic expectations for their children.
Men are apt to invest a greater amount of time in fathering.
Parents having fewer children may lead to more realistic expectations for their children and possibly a more equitable distribution of child care among parents. However, this does not definitively dictate the time women have for other endeavors or the use of institutional care.
Explanation:
An outcome of the growing trend to have fewer children is that parents are bound to have more realistic expectations for their children. With less children to focus on, parents are generally able to devote more time and resources per child. This increased attention and investment can lend towards more tailored and realistic expectations. Men being more involved in parenting could also be a potential outcome as modern parenting trends evolve. With fewer children, there might be less stress on taking on traditional gender roles in parenting, allowing for shared responsibility.
However, the assumption that women will automatically have less time for other endeavors is not necessarily correct. The choice to have fewer children could equally be seen as a decision to have more time for other pursuits such as career or personal development. The idea that institutional care is replaced by parental care might not be a direct outcome either as this depends largely on family circumstance and preference.
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Carol noticed that whenever she jingled her house keys, her puppy Maxie became excited and started to jump. Carol realized the jingling was a cue that signaled the time of day when she would take Maxie for a walk. Maxie's excitement in response to the jingling keys represented a ______ .
Answer:
conditioned response
Explanation:
According to my research on studies conducted by various behaviorists, I can say that based on the information provided within the question Maxie's excitement in response to the jingling keys represented a conditioned response. This is defined as an automatic response that is caused by training for a certain reaction to a certain stimulus, which in this case the stimulus are the Keys.
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Sarah Grimke's "Letters on the Equality of the Sexes," argues that women are educated from childhood to regard themselves as inferior creatures and thus do not develop self respect.
True / False.
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
This proposition is false, because Sarah in her 'Letter on the Equality of the Sexes' argues that God made the sexes equal, but men are the ones who created this inferior condition for women.
Her letter talks about sexes equality with this Faith Arguments, supported in the Bible.
Kelton Inc. produces large quantities of products for their customers within tight deadlines. Recently, customers have been returning their products to Kelton, citing errors and defects in the items they have received. Which of the following total quality management cores values does Kelton need to employ to correct this issue?
Answer: Kelton Inc. needs to work on the quality of their products in order to put a stop to errors in the future.
Explanation:
Kelton Inc. needs to work on the quality of their products in order to put a stop to errors in the future.
Product quality is known to be essential qualities and attributes which a good or product possess in order to give maximum benefit and satisfaction to customers who buy or purchase the goods. This can be done by making use of good materials for the products. Also, the manpower dealing with or handling the production process must be experts who are experienced and so on. Furthermore, it has a significant effect on the company’s image which can either increase or decrease sales. Thus, product quality is how good a product is.
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Oil is considered to be the resource land.
b. A person working for a company is considered to be the resource capital.
c. A machine in a factory is considered to be the resource land.
d. A person with the particular talent for organizing the resources of land, labor, and capital to produce goods, seek new business opportunities, and develop new ways of doing things is considered to be the resource labor.
Answer:
A. Oil is considered to be the resource land
Explanation:
Oil is considered to be a land resource, as oil is naturally occurring in the ancient and prehistoric rocks of the earth thus are called crude oil occurs in raw forms. About 84% of oil reserves occur in offshores. The total estimated oil reservoir of oil is based on the geologic data obtained from the oil wells. With approx, 4.1 million barrels of oils are held in strategic reserves. Techniques for the estimation of oil in places are Volumetric methods, material balance methods, production decline curve method. New research suggests that the oil reserves have been found in Canada and the Antarctic circle. Maximum reserves have been found in Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, and Canada as these lands have great deposits of mineral sand and sedimentary rock. And its believed 13 % of oil reserves are hidden and undiscovered in world lands and oceans.Gertrude is very environmentally-conscious, so she only uses paper bags at the grocery store and tries to purchase items in packages that are recyclable. Her behavior concerns which type of situation?
Answer:
Disposition situation
Explanation:
A disposition represents a habit, planning, a condition of being ready, or an inclination to act in a determined way. It displays the notion of personality traits. In this case, Gertrude is inclined or ready to recycle and protect the environment at all times, and that is her disposition.
In a longitudinal study that will follow children from kindergarten through high school and will collect information about illegal activities, which of the following confidentiality procedures would protect against compelled disclosure of individually identifiable information?
- Using data encryption for stored files.
- Securing a Certificate of Confidentiality.
- Waiving documentation of consent.
- Using pseudonyms in research reports.
Answer:
Securing a Certificate of Confidentiality
Explanation:
Certificates of Confidentiality or CoCs: It protects the privacy or seclusion of the research subjects or participants by prohibiting disclosure of sensitive, identifiable research information to anyone else who is not connected to the research except in a few specific situations. or with the consent of the subject.
The Certificate of Confidentiality or COC is issued either by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Isaac has high-functioning autism, but his parents accept him as he is and encourage him to find interests that he can pursue throughout his life. He loves Legos, and plays them all the time, even though he is 16 years old. His parents don't criticize him for this behavior, but instead encourage him to design new creations and praise his creativity. Isaac's parents exhibit ______
Answer:
unconditional positive regard.
Angel is considering how best to run several errands between his last class in the afternoon and the beginning of his shift at work 2 hours later. In his mind's eye, he sees a mental map of the town. This map helps Angel factor distances, traffic, and so on into his plans. This map is in his working memory component called the ________
Answer:
visuospatial sketchpad
Explanation:
Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch presented a model called the Model of Working Memory in 1974. This was developed in order to better understand short-term memory.
The visouspatial sketchpad is a part of the Working Memory Model which helps us visualize an environment in our minds. The amount of development of the visuospatial sketchpad depends from person to person.
Here, Angel can visualize the map of his town. This indicates that this map in his working memory component called the visuospatial sketchpad.
_________________ is the process of providing rest, rehydration, nourishment, and medical evaluation to members who are involved in strenuous or extended-duration incident scene operations.
Answer: Rehabilitation
Explanation:
Rehabilitation is referred to as the process under which one combines pharmacological i.e prescribed drugs and psycho-therapeutic treatments in order to address and resolve strenuous scene operations. It at time can prove to be difficult since in order to know what exactly to expect during this process , also the specifics and other components are thoroughly based on an individual needs.
Nike, now a triple bottom line company, had previously come under fire for the low wages that factory workers in Indonesia were paid. These low wages had an impact on which part of the triple bottom line?
Answer:
The correct answer would be, Social Performance. Low wages had an impact on the Social Performance of the Triple Bottom Line of Nike.
Explanation:
Triple Bottom Line is a framework based on accounting. It consist of three layers. Social, Environmental and Financial. Now most organizations use this accounting framework to evaluate their business performance in a broader perspective to create a greater value to the business.
So when Nike came under fire for the low wages that factory workers were paid in Indonesia, the Social Performance layer of this Triple Bottom Line of Nike was impacted.
While having a group discussion in a decision-making process, the leader has asked the team members to silently write down their ideas. The merits of each idea were discussed, and the best one was chosen based on highest ranking. Which strategy is involved in this scenario?
Answer:
Nominal group technique
Explanation:
Nominal group technique is described as a organized group brain-storming technique that enables everyone to contribute.
First, group members write down their thoughts and then choose which idea they believe is best.
It mostly includes of identifying problems, generating solutions, and making decisions.
Larry says that people act the way that they have learned to act. He believes that if you stop rewarding a person's annoying behavior, that behavior will decrease. For instance, if Eve stops buying candy for Ian when he whines in line at the grocery store, he will eventually whine less when he learns that he will not receive candy. Larry most likely takes a (n) _______ approach.
Answer:
Behavioral
Explanation:
The behavioral approach to psychology assumes that an animals action is the result of their reflexes towards a stimulus or the person's past experience with a stimulus. The behavioral approach focus on the behavior more than the genetic causes.
Here, Eve reinforcing the notion that Ian will not get candy if he whines so, next time he will not whine if he wants candy.
A client who has just given birth is concerned about the high rate of infant mortality in the United States. She is anxious about the health of her child and wants to know ways to keep her baby healthy. Which recommendation would best meet this goal?
Answer:
Breastfeed to the infant
Explanation:
Breastfeeding, much research shows that breastfeeding is healthy for infant development and growth. Breastfeeding is the sole source of your baby about 6 months and you can carry it for a long time then it depends on baby needs and mother desire.
There is some prohibited task that doesn't do for their baby health. Drinking beer doesn't supply milk any more your baby. Consumption alcohol will affect your milk production which is important for child growth. Mother milk provides nutrition to the infants and boosts up the immune system of a baby. Nutrient products reduce the chances to get infected.Manuel accepts the values and attitudes of the majority culture. Although he is Mexican-American, he is often embarrassed by other members of his ethnic group. He has a strong desire to assimilate into the mainstream. Manuel is probably in the _____ stage of minority identity development.
Answer:
Conformity Stage
Explanation:
According to my research on different stages of the minority identity development model, I can say that based on the information provided within the question Manuel is probably in the Conformity Stage. This stage is categorized by when an individual begins to Depreciate towards his own culture and Appreciate towards another more dominant culture. Which is what is happening in this situation since he is embarrassed of his culture and wants to assimilate into the mainstream culture.
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________ states that decision making is influenced by two cognitive systems: "verbatim" analytical and gist-based intuitional that operate in parallel. The executive function approach Hypothetical-deductive reasoning The fuzzy trace dual-process model The social constructivist approach
Answer:
The correct option is: Fuzzy-trace theory dual-process model
Explanation:
The Fuzzy-trace theory is a theory developed by Charles Brainerd and Valerie F. Reyna that evaluates and predicts the cognitive phenomenon of the reasoning and the memory domains. This theory proposes the verbatim and the gist memory processes.
This theory can explain the processes of decision making fallacies, risk estimation and perception, false memory and and probability judgments.
Emily owns an ice cream parlor. In an hour she can produce 40 milkshakes or 40 ice cream sundaes. Ben also owns an ice cream parlor. In an hour he can produce 20 milkshakes or 10 ice cream sundaes. Emily's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is _____. Ben's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is _____.
Emily's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is 1. Ben's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is 0.5.
For Emily,
The opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Emily = Number of ice cream sundaes she could have produced / Number of milkshakes produced
Opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Emily = 40 ice cream sundaes / 40 milkshakes
Opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Emily = 1 ice cream sundae
For Ben,
Opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Ben = Number of ice cream sundaes he could have produced / Number of milkshakes produced
Opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Ben = 10 ice cream sundaes / 20 milkshakes
Opportunity cost of 1 milkshake for Ben = 0.5 ice cream sundaes
The price of choosing one option over the next best one is known as opportunity cost. One ice cream sundae is Emily's opportunity cost of making one milkshake. The cost to Ben of creating 1 milkshake is equal to 0.5 ice cream sundaes.
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Final answer:
Emily's opportunity cost of producing one milkshake is one ice cream sundae, while Ben's opportunity cost of producing one milkshake is 0.5 ice cream sundaes. These opportunity costs illustrate the trade-offs and decisions each must make in their ice cream parlor operations.
Explanation:
Emily's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is calculated based on the alternative of producing ice cream sundaes. Since Emily can produce 40 milkshakes or 40 ice cream sundaes in an hour, her opportunity cost for producing 1 milkshake is 1 ice cream sundae. Similarly, for Ben, who can produce 20 milkshakes or 10 ice cream sundaes in an hour, his opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is calculated by understanding the forfeited production of ice cream sundaes. Ben's opportunity cost for producing 1 milkshake is 0.5 ice cream sundaes because, for each milkshake produced, he gives up the opportunity to produce half of an ice cream sundae.
In summary, Emily's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is 1 ice cream sundae, and Ben's opportunity cost of producing 1 milkshake is 0.5 ice cream sundaes. These figures represent the trade-offs involved in their production choices, essential concepts in understanding economic decision-making, and efficiency.