Explanation:
Prolactin is a hormone that primarily promotes lactation (breast milk production) in mammalsIt is also responsible for a number of other functions and systems, for example it regulates behavior, the immune system, metabolism, reproductive systems, and many different bodily fluidsAll this makes it a crucial hormone for overall health and well-being, for both men and womenThe principal action of prolactin in fishes is freshwater osmoregulation, although it has also been implicated in reproduction, behavior, growth, and immunoregulationBecause of this wide range of functions, prolactin is considered an evolutionary conserved hormone
Prolactin is a pituitary hormone essential for milk production in mammals and has varied functions in different organisms, indicating its evolutionary role as a multi-functional regulator. In humans, it is involved in a positive feedback loop that stimulates milk production during lactation.
Explanation:Prolactin is a pituitary hormone that plays a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of breast milk production but also exhibits a wide range of functions across different species. For instance, it regulates salt and water balance in freshwater fish and stimulates mammary gland growth and development in mammals. This hormone's diverse roles suggest that prolactin has evolved to perform multiple regulatory functions in various organisms. In humans, during lactation, the positive feedback loop involving the nipples' stimulation leads to prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary, which in turn triggers milk production. This process is supported by other hormones such as oxytocin, which facilitates the milk let-down reflex, and is balanced by prolactin-inhibiting hormone, known as dopamine.
_________ is an organ of the alimentary canal?
Answer:
Small intestine
Explanation:
The given question has not provided the options neither they are found anywhere therefore it can be assumed that the examiner is asking the most important organ of the alimentary canal.
The alimentary canal is the hollow tube-like structure formed inside the human which are associated with the digestion of the food material. The main organs of the alimentary canals are the oesophagus, stomach and the intestine.
The intestine is the main organ of the canal as it is associated with the digestion of the complex biomolecules and the absorption of these nutrients.
Thus, the small intestine is the correct answer.
The alimentary canal, part of the digestive system, includes the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Its primary role is to nourish the body by processing food and facilitating nutrient absorption.
The alimentary canal is an integral component of the digestive system. Also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or gut, it begins at the mouth and terminates at the anus. The alimentary canal is about 7.62 meters (25 feet) in length during life and extends to about 10.67 meters (35 feet) after death due to the loss of smooth muscle tone. Its primary function is to nourish the body by facilitating the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients. The canal includes several organs modified to suit the body's functional needs, such as the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It is important to note that food and wastes within the alimentary canal are considered outside the body until absorption occurs, bringing the nutrients into the body's interior.
Jake said that a well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is less porous. Alex said that a well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Who made the most appropriate decision for the placement of the well?
Jake is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is less porous.
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is more permeable.
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Jake is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is less porous.
Answer:
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Explanation:
If the grasses contain 10,000 kcal, how much of that will a rabbit consume?
A. 10,000 kcal
B. 1,000 kcal
C.100 kcal
D.10 kcal
The correct answer is B. 1,000 kcal.
To solve this problem, we need to understand the energy flow in an ecosystem. The energy flow through different trophic levels can be represented by ecological pyramids, with producers (plants) at the base and top carnivores at the top.
The principle of the ecological pyramid is that only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. This is due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient and some energy is always lost as heat.
In this scenario, the rabbit is a primary consumer, which means it feeds directly on the producers (grasses). The energy transfer from the grasses (producers) to the rabbit (primary consumer) follows the 10% rule. Therefore, if the grasses contain 10,000 kcal, the rabbit will consume only 10% of that energy.
Calculating 10% of 10,000 kcal:
10% of 10,000 kcal = 0.10 * 10,000 kcal = 1,000 kcal
Thus, the rabbit will consume 1,000 kcal from the grasses. This is why option B is the correct answer.
Suppose there was a bird that always sat on a horse’s back and ate the insects that would bite the horse. What term would describe the relationship between the bird and the horse?
Answer: Mutualism
Explanation: The definition of mutualism states " interaction between two or more species where each species has a benefit". The bird is getting food from the insects and the horse is getting the insects removed. Both are benefited.
The relationship between the bird and the horse where the bird eats insects on the horse's back is known as commensalism.
The term that describes the relationship between a bird that sits on a horse's back and eats insects that would bite the horse is commensalism. This is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species, the bird, benefits by getting food, while the other species, the horse, is neither harmed nor helped significantly. Examples of commensalism include cattle egrets that feed on insects disturbed by grazing mammals and spiders that build webs on trees for housing without affecting the tree.
What is the difference between atria and ventricles?
osso coração é dividido em 4 Câmaras(.Átrios e ventrículos ) 2 ÁTRIOS DIREITO E 2 VENTRÍCULOS ESQUERDO.Os átrios recebe sangue rico em oxigênio pobre em gás carbônio,os ventrículos espulsam sangue rico em gás garbônico e pobre em oxigênio (TROCAS GASOSAS NO PULMÃO é a HEMATOSE.
Answer:
The atria stand for the upper chambers of the heart, while the ventricles are the lower chambers. Atria act as receptors of deoxygenated blood, while ventricles receive blood from the left atria and force it into the aorta.
The following question is based on information from Frank M. Frey, "Opposing Natural Selection from Herbivores and Pathogens May Maintain Floral-Color Variation in Claytonia virginica (Portulacaceae)," Evolution58(11), 2004: 2426-37.
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white, to pale pink, to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytoniawith pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytoniawith white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?
a)the percentage of white flowers should increase over time
b)the distribution of flower colors should not change
c)the distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.
d)the percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
Answer:
The correct answer is option d)"the percentage of pink flowers should increase over time".
Explanation:
In this study it is stated that two factors affect the flower coloration of Claytonia virginica: slugs preference of eating pink-flowering plants and bees preference of pollinating pink-flowering plants as well. If the researcher removes all slugs from the study population we can expect that the percentage of pink flowers should increase over time. The removal of the predator that prefers eating pink-flowering plants will favor the reproduction of this type of plants, which are also favored by bees pollination preference.
Mammals do not produce digestive enzyme B. However, sheep and cattle are two types of mammals that contain microorganisms in their digestive tract that produce enzyme B. Based the information provided, which of the following statements best describes why starch and cellulose provide different functions in plants? The differences in the assembly and organization of the monomers of these two polymers result in different chemical properties. A Since starch and cellulose are composed of identical monomers, the cellular environment where they are located controls their function. B The monomers of cellulose are connected by covalent bonds, making it idea for structural support. C The monomers of starch are connected by ionic bonds, making it ideal for energy storage for plants.
Answer: The differences in the assembly and organization of the monomers of these two polymers result in different chemical properties.
Explanation:
Starch and Cellulose flare both polysaccharides which are constructed from the same monomer called glucose. The functions they provide in plants are different which includes the following:
- STARCH is used by plants for energy storage because unlike Cellulose, it's formed from glucose units( oriented in the same direction) connected by alpha linkages which can form compact structures that can easily be broken down.
- Cellulose provides structural support for plant cell wall because unlike Starch, it's formed from glucose units( which rotates 180 degrees around the axis of the polymer backbone chain) connected by beta linkages. This pattern gives Cellulose it's rigid features as is allows for hydrogen bonding between two molecules of Cellulose.
Therefore the statement that best describes why starch and cellulose provide different functions in plants is that (The differences in the assembly and organization of the monomers of these two polymers result in different chemical properties).
Compare the surface area to volume ratios of the three spheres representing cells. Which of the three cells if any has the greatest surface area to volume ratio
Answer:
The cell with radius 1
Explanation:
The cell with radius 1 has the greatest surface area to volume ratio.
The spherical cell with a surface area-to-volume ratio of approximately 1.2 is more efficient at exchanging nutrients and wastes compared to the cubed cell, which has a ratio of approximately 0.86, due to having a higher surface area relative to its volume.
Explanation:To determine which cell exchanges nutrients and wastes with its environment more efficiently, we compare the surface area-to-volume ratios of a spherical cell to a cubed cell. A spherical cell with a diameter of 5 µm (meaning a radius of 2.5 µm) has a surface area of 4π(2.5µm)2 and a volume of (4/3)π(2.5µm)3. Calculating these, we find a surface area of approximately 78.54 µm2 and a volume of approximately 65.45 µm3, resulting in a surface area-to-volume ratio of roughly 1.2.
In contrast, a cube-shaped cell with a side length of 7µm has a surface area of 6 x (7µm)2 and a volume of (7µm)3. The resulting surface area is 294 µm2, and the volume is 343 µm3, leading to a surface area-to-volume ratio of approximately 0.86.
Therefore, the spherical cell has a higher surface area-to-volume ratio and is more efficient in terms of exchanging nutrients and wastes compared to the cubed cell. This is because a larger surface area-to-volume ratio allows for more surface area per unit of volume for diffusion to occur.
Why is genetic diversity important in a species?
Final answer:
Genetic diversity is important in a species because it provides the raw material for adaptation and increases the species' potential to survive and evolve in changing environmental conditions. Genetic diversity helps a species to diversify its adaptability to the environment.
Explanation:
Genetic diversity is important in a species because it provides the raw material for adaptation. The future potential for adaptation in a species depends on the genetic diversity held in the genomes of individuals in the population. A species with high genetic diversity is more capable of adapting to changing environmental conditions, while a species with low genetic diversity may be at higher risk of extinction.
A population of pigs lives on an island together with burrowing termites. Pigs that have the longest snouts tend to survive more frequently than those with shorter snouts. Over time, most of the pig population is made up of individuals that have very long snouts. This is an example of which type of selection
Answer:
Directional selection
Explanation:
Natural selection is the process which determines the trait of the organism with which a species can evolve. This process can take place in one of the following ways that are stabilizing selection mode, disruptive selection mode and the directional selection.
When nature selects the species with the extreme trait and only one extreme trait is favoured over other than the population shift towards that particular trait and shows the directional selection.
In the given question, the pigs with longer snouts are favoured more than the pigs with another length of snouts therefore nature selects the pigs with an extreme trait and the population shifts towards that trait. This selection is known as the directional selection.
Thus, directional selection is correct.
The scenario describes an example of directional selection where individuals with traits at one extreme of the phenotype spectrum have an advantage, leading to a change in allele frequency in the population over time.
Explanation:The situation described is an example of directional selection, a mode of natural selection in which a single phenotype is favored, causing the allele frequency to continuously shift in one direction. Much like the evolution of the peppered moth observed in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England. The peppered moth that could better blend with the soot-darkened trees due to the Industrial Revolution had higher survival rates. Similarly, those pigs on the island with longer snouts, because they were probably able to access food better than their short-snouted counterparts, were more likely to survive and reproduce, skewing the frequency of the long snout trait in the pig population over time.
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Select all the true statements.
Molecules from food can provide energy.
No answer text provided
Chemical energy can be used for cell growth.
Animals need food, but plants don't
Answer:
I think it is, Molecules from food can provide energy.
Explanation:
The food we eat provide us with molecules, such as glucose. Glucose provides energy.
Note: I may be wrong, if so, I am deeply sorry<3
Answer:
It's Molecules from food can provide energy. and Chemical energy can be used for cell growth.
Explanation:
I did the IXL
2. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided about SpongeBob.
Yellow body color is dominant to blue.
BB_____Bb_____bb_____
The phenotype for each genotype is as follows:
BB: Yellow body colorBb: Yellow body colorbb: Blue body colorHow to determine phenotype?This is because the yellow body color allele is dominant to the blue body color allele. This means that if an individual has at least one yellow body color allele, they will have a yellow body color. Only if an individual has two blue body color alleles will they have a blue body color.
This is a simplified example. In real life, there are many other factors that can affect the phenotype of an individual, such as the environment and other genes.
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6. There were originally 32 atoms of a radioactive isotope with a half life of 500 years in a fossil. There are 16 undecayed
atoms of the isotone remaining How many years have gone hy?
Answer:
500 years
Explanation:
Twenty cuttings were taken from one plant and planted in four containers of sand. two containers had a ph of 6.0, and two had a ph of 8.0. when the cuttings matured, all of those grown in a ph of 6.0 had pink flowers, and all of those grown in a ph of 8.0 had blue flowers. one explanation for these results is that the sand at one ph contained a dye that changed the flower color. the best alternative explanation for these results is that -
Answer:
The difference in pH caused the genes for flower color to be expressed differently
Explanation:
Twenty cuttings were taken from one plant and planted in four containers of sand. two containers had a ph of 6.0, and two had a ph of 8.0. when the cuttings matured, all of those grown in a ph of 6.0 had pink flowers, and all of those grown in a ph of 8.0 had blue flowers. one explanation for these results is that the sand at one ph contained a dye that changed the flower color. the best alternative explanation for these results is that difference in pH caused the genes for flower color to be expressed differently
!
Describe what could happen to a healthy coral reef ecosystem if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to increase.
In your description, be sure to:
- Describe one way a healthy coral reef ecosystem could change if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to increase.
- Describe how that change to a coral reef ecosystem could affect other organisms in the coral reef ecosystem.
Answer:increased CO2 in the oceans raises the acidity of the water which prevent the formation of calcium carbonate which are used by corals to build their skeleton. When this happened organisms like fishes will not have conducive place for their reproduction.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide can lead to ocean acidification, which interferes with coral calcification, causing coral bleaching and detrimental effects on species diversity within coral reef ecosystems.
Explanation:
Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide on Coral Reefs
As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to increase, one of the significant changes that could occur in a healthy coral reef ecosystem is ocean acidification. This results from carbon dioxide dissolving in ocean water, which lowers the pH and thus increases acidity. Higher acidity levels interfere with the coral's calcification process, essential for building their calcium carbonate structures. This phenomenon can lead to an effect known as coral bleaching, where corals lose their symbiotic algae, causing them to turn white and often die if the algae loss is prolonged.
Such changes to a coral reef ecosystem can have a profound impact on other organisms within this habitat. Since coral reefs serve as crucial sources of food and shelter for a diverse array of marine life, the decline in reef health can lead to a reduction in species diversity and abundance. Predatory fish and other marine animals may decline as their sources of food diminish, disrupting the entire food web associated with the reef ecosystem.
A homozygous dominant brown mouse is crossed with heterozygous brown mouse. What percentage will the offspring be homozygous recessive? Use the letter “b”
A homozygous dominant brown mouse (BB) crosses with a heterozygous brown mouse (Bb)
What percentage might be homozygous recessive (bb)?
If we draw a Punnett Square, we get BB, BB, Bb, and Bb.
Answer: 0% We don't have homozygous recessive. 50% is homozygous dominant and the other 50% is heterozygous.
There will be no homozygous recessive offspring. Hence, 0% of offspring will be homozygous recessive.
What are homozygous and heterozygous organisms?When at a particular gene locus two identical alleles are present then it is known as a homozygous condition. In this condition, characters are either dominant (BB) or recessive (bb).
When at a particular gene locus two different alleles are present then it is known as a heterozygous condition. In this condition, the recessive allele is suppressed by the dominant allele. Therefore character is always dominant (Bb).
When a homozygous dominant brown mouse (BB) is crossed with the heterozygous brown mouse (Bb), then in next-generation, 50% homozygous dominant brown mouse (BB) is produced and 50% heterozygous brown mouse (Bb). The cross is attached in the image below.
Therefore 0% homozygous recessive offspring are produced.
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Dan has been working hard to eat a lower sodium diet, lose weight, and exercise. He goes back to the doctor 2 months later and his blood pressure is 130 over 85 millimeters of mercury. How would his blood pressure be categorized now?
Answer:
Pre-hypertension
Explanation:
Based on the scenario being described it can be said that these readings would categorize the individual's blood pressure as Pre-hypertension. Readings from a systolic pressure from 120 to 139 are categorized as Pre-hypertension, while readings exceeding or equal to 140/90 millimeters of mercury are considered as Hypertension.
Please help on these questions
Answer:
B - Igneous
c - sedimentary
A - metamorphic
Weathering is when: B rocks are broken down into small sediments
#5 is C metamorphic
Explanation:
Answer:
Igneous= B
Sedimentary=C
Metamorphic=A
4.B
5.C
The most important force causing net outward water flow across capillary walls is ________. The most important force causing net outward water flow across capillary walls is ________. hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood intracellular hydrostatic pressure hydrostatic pressure of interstitial fluid osmotic pressure of plasma proteins
Answer:
Hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood
Explanation:
Hydrostatic pressure refers to the pressure applied by the fluid flowing through the structure with confined boundaries on the walls of the structure.
In the given case, the hydrostatic pressure of the capillary blood is the pressure applied on the capillary walls by the blood as it flows through it.
When the blood moves through the capillary, the blood exit out of the pores due to this hydrostatic pressure and when the blood moves through these capillary, the pressure decreases as the blood is moved out that is from the arterial side to the venous.
Thus, the selected option is correct.
Molluscan shells are made of three layers, which one names correctly from the outside?
Answer:
A molluscan shell is made of three layers arranged from the outside to the inside: A) mantle layer, prismatic layer, periostracum.
Explanation:
Final answer:
The molluscan shell from the outside is made up of the organic layer, the prismatic layer, and the nacreous layer, which is the smooth, iridescent layer inside the shell.
Explanation:
The molluscan shells are composed of three distinct layers, which from the outside are named as follows: the organic layer, the middle prismatic layer, and the inner nacreous layer, also known as the mother-of-pearl. These layers are secreted by the mantle, which is a layer of tissue between the shell and the body of the mollusk. This mantle is responsible for secreting the calcium carbonate that ultimately forms the shell. In particular, the nacreous layer is the smooth, iridescent layer that we often associate with the interior of seashells and the formation of pearls.
Mollusks possess a variety of features, including a radula for feeding, and their body plan typically includes a head with eyes or tentacles, a muscular foot, and the mantle. The radula is present in all groups of mollusks except the bivalves.
Your friend has just joined a lab that studies vesicle budding from the Golgi and has been given a cell line that does not form mature vesicles. He wants to start designing some experiments but wasnât listening carefully when he was told about the molecular defect of this cell line. Heâs too embarrassed to ask and comes to you for help. He does recall that this cell line forms coated pits but vesicle budding and the removal of coat proteins donât happen. Which of the following proteins might be lacking in this cell line? A) clathrin B) Rab C) dynamin D) adaptin
Answer:
C) dynamin
Explanation:
In eucaryotic cells, dynamin is required for exocytosis, where dynamin participates in the formation of the vesicle. These enzymes are also involved in organelle division and cytokinesis. Dynamin proteins are hydrolase enzymes capable of binding guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
In humans, identical twins are possible because:_____
a. convergent extension occurs.
b. early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated.
c. cytoplasmic determinants are distributed unevenly in unfertilized eggs.
d. extraembryonic cells interact with the zygote nucleus.
e. the gray crescent divides the dorsal-ventral axis into new cells.
Answer:
it would be be early blastmeres can form a complete embryo if isolated.
Which is a function of the nervous system? Select all that apply.
Answer:
The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs.
Explanation:
What are the two factors that will affect body composition?
ANSWER: Genetic make-up and Nutritional Uptake
EXPLANATION:
There are different factors that affects the body composition, which include genetic make-up, gender, age, race, nutrition, physical activity, and hormonal status.
However, the two main factors that is highly essential that determines how the body is composed is the genetic make-up and the nutritional uptake of the individuals.
Moreover, the genetic make-up (the sequence of information stored in the DNA which is used to synthesize many products and functions in the body) acts as integral factors that influence body composition.
Then, the nutritional uptake also play a pivotal influence in body composition. Therefore, Illness may be elicited by malnutrition (i.e nutritional intake falls short of nutritional requirements) which have significant effect on body composition. Hence, it can leads to major complications in the body (such as organ dysfunction, reduced body cell mass, abnormal blood composition, and other severe clinical complications).
Body composition is greatly influenced by two factors: physical activity and diet. Physical activity increases muscle mass and decreases body fat, while diet determines the amount and type of nutrients that enter the body.
Explanation:There are primarily two factors that greatly influence a person's body composition. These factors are physical activity and diet.
Physical activity affects body composition by increasing muscle mass and decreasing body fat. A higher level of physical activity usually results in a larger percentage of body mass being composed of muscle rather than fat.
On the other hand, diet influences body composition by determining the amount and type of nutrients entering the body. Foods rich in protein can help to build muscle while those high in fats and sugars contribute to fat storage.
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Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) are tall canopy trees that make up a large portion of the Amazon rain forest. They produce large grapefruit-sized seedpods. The agouti, a ground-dwelling rodent, has teeth strong enough to open the tough seedpods. While the agouti eats some of the tree’s seeds, it also buries caches in various spots on the rain forest floor. Why is the agouti important to the rain forest ecosystem? a) It eats and disperses the trees’ seeds. b) It cleans the rain forest floor of debris, allowing for easier motility. c) It eats the trees’ excess seeds and prevents other animals from doing so. d) It prevents the trees’ seeds from rotting on the rain forest floor.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Brazil nuts are tall canopy trees have nuts as their fruit. The rodent agouti feeds on these seeds as their food.
They crack the seed and eat the fruit and extra food is hidden inside the soil and most of time they forget where they hide the seed.
Over the time the seeds germinate and grows into large trees. They are are very important for the dispersal of the seeds in the rain forest.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Identify the type of interaction described in each scenario.
Sociable weavers are a species of bird found in Africa. All males of a colony work together to build a large nest that can house several hundred birds. This is an example of cooperationX competitionpredation.
Typically, peregrine falcons hunt medium-sized birds, but they will also eat small mammals, reptiles, and insects. This is an example of X cooperationcompetitionpredation.
Male deer, called bucks, head-butt each other to defend their breeding territory and female mates. This is an example of cooperationcompetitionX predation.
Answer:
1 coopperation
2 predation
3 competition
Explanation:
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1 Sociable weavers are a species of bird found in Africa. All males of a colony work together to build a large nest that can house several hundred birds is coopperation.
2 Typically, peregrine falcons hunt medium-sized birds, but they will also eat small mammals, reptiles, and insects. This is an example of X predation.
3 Male deer, called bucks, head-butt each other to defend their breeding territory and female mates. This is an example of competition.
What is predation?
The best-known examples of predation involve carnivorous interactions, in which one animal consumes another.
Thus, these are the answer.
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Help a brother out and do all of it
Oligodendrocytes ________. a. regulate oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrient and neurotransmitter levels around neurons in ganglia b. remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis c. maintain the blood-brain barrier and provide structural support d. line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord e. provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons
Answer:
The answer is E
Explanation:
Oligodendrocytes provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons.
Which best compares competition, cooperation, and predation between two organisms?
Both organisms benefit in cooperation, but only one benefits in predation and competition.
Both organisms benefit in cooperation and competition, but only one benefits in predation.
Both organisms benefit in cooperation, only one benefits in predation, and neither benefit in competition.
Both organisms benefit in competition, only one benefits in cooperation, and neither benefit in predation.
Answer:
A. Both organisms benefit in cooperation, but only one benefits in predation and competition.
In terms of competition, cooperation, and predation Between the two organisms, the third statement is best described. Cooperation benefits both organisms; predation benefits only one, and competition benefits neither.
What is the relationship among organisms in an ecosystem?There are many organisms living in a single ecosystem. These organisms show different relationships, such as prey-predator relationships, mutualism, cooperation, etc.
Mutualism is a positive association in which both organisms benefit. In a cooperation relationship, individuals cooperate with each other to live and for other necessary things such as predation, etc.
Some animals are in a prey-predator relationship in which one organism is killed and another gets the food out of it. In this case, the prey suffers while the predator benefits. In competition both the involving partner face negative impact of competition. The competition is not beneficial for anyone as both of them are affected by it, and it happens for the territory, etc.
Hence, the third statement is correct, because both organisms benefit from cooperation, while only one benefits from predation and neither from competition.
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Definition: this is the set of skills and abilities necessary for an organism to live.