Answer:Objective: To determine the combined effect of oxygen level and glucose concentration on cell viability, ATP production, and matrix synthesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc cells.
Design: TMJ disc cells were isolated from pigs aged 6-8 months and cultured in a monolayer. Cell cultures were preconditioned for 48 h with 0, 1.5, 5, or 25 mM glucose DMEM under 1%, 5%, 10%, or 21% O2 level, respectively. The cell viability was measured using the WST-1 assay. ATP production was determined using the Luciferin-Luciferase assay. Collagen and proteoglycan synthesis were determined by measuring the incorporation of [2, 3-(3)H] proline and [(35)S] sulfate into the cells, respectively.
Results: TMJ disc cell viability significantly decreased (P < 0.0001) without glucose. With glucose present, decreased oxygen levels significantly increased viability (P < 0.0001), while a decrease in glucose concentration significantly decreased viability (P < 0.0001). With glucose present, decreasing oxygen levels significantly reduced ATP production (P < 0.0001) and matrix synthesis (P < 0.0001). A decreased glucose concentration significantly decreased collagen synthesis (P < 0.0001). The interaction between glucose and oxygen was significant in regards to cell viability (P < 0.0001), ATP production (P = 0.00015), and collagen (P = 0.0002) and proteoglycan synthesis (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Although both glucose and oxygen are important, glucose is the limiting nutrient for TMJ disc cell survival. At low oxygen levels, the production of ATP, collagen, and proteoglycan are severely inhibited. These results suggest that steeper nutrient gradients may exist in the TMJ disc and it may be vulnerable to pathological events that impede nutrient supply.
Explanation: The evaluations a Mainly in the oganic responses
The rage in African responses to European imperialist actions
PLEASE HELP ME
Which of the following is not an ELEMENT of design?
A texture
B emphasis
C color
D line
Which of the following principles of design describes the aesthetics and flow of the design?
A color
B balance
C rhythm
D proportion
When using color to design and create illusions, if an area should be emphasized, you should use:
A muted colors
B bright, light colors
C receding colors
D monochromatic color scheme
Which of the following principles describes a design that is equally visually weighted and filled with interest?
A proportion
B texture
C rhythm
D balance
When designing for a specific client you should consider
A their personality
B the function of the design
C the formality of the occasion you are designing for
D all of the above
When designing a graphic tee with a base color of navy blue, which of the following colors should be used to ADVANCE the printed design on top
A light blue
B yellow
C purple
D green
When designing using line, which of the following type of line would create the MOST slimming and lengthening effect
A vertical line
B horizontal line
C diagonal line
D all of above
Client information: the client you are designing for is a 60 year old woman who enjoys comfortable clothing, but needs a formal dress for a one tile event. The client has grey hair, blue eyes, and a yellow skin tone, her body type is apple shaped. Which of the following drains would be MOST flattering and appropriate for your client?
A a fuchsia pink sweetheart and strapless fitted gown
B a formal navy blue a-line dress
C a black T-shirt with white jeans
D a bright yellow gown with fitted bodice and full shirt
Answer:
1:B
2:C
3:B
4:D
5:D
6:B
7:A
8:B
Explanation:
Which of the following is not an ELEMENT of design?
B emphasis
Which of the following principles of design describes the aesthetics and flow of the design?
C. RhythmWhen using color to design and create illusions, if an area should be emphasized, you should use
B. bright, light colorsWhich of the following principles describes a design that is equally visually weighted and filled with interest?
D. balanceWhen designing for a specific client you should consider
D all of the aboveWhen designing a graphic tee with a base color of navy blue, which of the following colors should be used to ADVANCE the printed design on top
B. yellowWhen designing using line, which of the following type of line would create the MOST slimming and lengthening effect
A. vertical line
Which of the following drains would be MOST flattering and appropriate for your client?
B. a formal navy blue a-line dressRead more here:
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Plz help me the first one to answer i am gonna give them brainliest answer and i will follow u PLZZZZZZZZZ
Answer:
I think it's is B, C, And D
Explanation:
hope this helps!
Answer:
Hiiiiiiiii found you
It's been a long time right
How does the interaction of people contribute to the spread of cultural practices?
How does concentrating solar power differ from photo voltaic cells?
Answer:
Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight directly to electricity by means of PV cells made of semiconductor materials. Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems concentrate the sun's energy using reflective devices such as troughs or mirror panels to produce heat that is then used to generate electricity.
A charity organization had a fundraiser where each ticket was sold for a fixed price. After selling 200 tickets, they had a net profit of \$12{,}000$12,000 dollar sign, 12, comma, 000. They had to sell a few tickets just to cover necessary production costs of \$1{,}200$1,200 dollar sign, 1, comma, 200.
Let y represent the net profit (in dollars) when they have sold x tickets.
Answer:
66n-1200
Explanation:
As you apply to college, when should you apply for financial aid?
A. After you know you have been accepted by a school.
B. Before you actually apply to the school. It shows real interest.
C.After you enroll and start your classes.
D. When you apply to the college.
You should apply for financial aid when you are applying to college. You can start your application as soon as the FAFSA becomes available on October 1st and it is recommended to do it early.
Explanation:When you are applying for college, you should apply for financial aid at around the same time as you are applying to the college (option D). You shouldn't wait until you know you've been accepted or have enrolled and begun classes. The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), the main form used to apply for financial aid, becomes available on October 1st each year, and students can start sending it in then. It's strongly recommended to send it in as early as possible, as some financial aid is granted on a first-come, first-served basis.
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typhoon is another name for__.
Which one of these is the hardest to scratch?
Sandstone
Soapstone
Chert
Talc
Granite
Shale
Well the top three hardest are Diamond, Sapphire and Ruby, and an easy way to remember is: red-white & blue stones! The hardness of a gemstone is measured on its place on Mohs scale of hardness. 10 on Mohs scale being the hardest known naturally occurring substance– and the honor goes to the diamond
Although the hardest natural stone on the planet is a diamond that is rated ten on the Mohs scale, granite is known as the most durable and hardest natural stone that is used in construction material and is measured six on Mohs scale.
The hardest mineral commonly found in granite is quartz, which is normally a somewhat translucent, white to grey colored mineral.
(so from your options granite is the hardest to scratch )
hope it helps you
:)
Russ went for a run and nelly took a nap. They then watched a horror movie together. Usually Russ and Nelly are equally scared when they watch horror movies in this sitauation, Schacters two-factor theory of emotion predicts
Answer:
A) Nelly will find it more scary
Explanation:
Higher interest rates could be caused by
A. an increase in the money supply
B a decrease in the money supply
C no change in the money supply
D a decrease in the demand for money
E no change in the demand for money
Answer:
A.an increase in the money supply
Higher interest rates are typically caused by a decrease in the money supply, as less money availability makes borrowing more costly. A rise in the supply of money can lead to a reduction in interest rates. Additionally, an increase in the quantity of loans correlates with a rise in either the demand for loans or the supply of loanable funds.
Explanation:Higher interest rates could be caused by a decrease in the money supply (Option B). When the central bank or financial authority reduces the amount of money in the economy, there is less available capital for borrowing, which can lead to an increase in interest rates as money becomes more scarce. Conversely, a decline in interest rates could occur with a rise in the money supply (Option A), where increased availability of money typically lowers the cost of borrowing.
As for changes in the financial market, a decline in interest rates would result from a rise in the supply of money (Option C) or an increase in savings that adds to the overall funds banks can loan out. An increase in the number of loans made and received would be caused by either a rise in demand for loans (Option A) or a rise in the supply of loanable funds (Option C).
People in Hamsterville are looking forward to a long, fun-filled retirement and are saving more money to make sure they can go on trips around the world when they retire. What happens to the interest rate and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) as a result of what happens to the interest rate? Choose 1 answer:
Answer:
Interest rate decreases, LRAS increases
Explanation:
A Company holds a monopoly of selling shoes. What effect doe the monopoly have on the customer A) The prices are higher B) The prices are lower C) Supply decreases D) Supply Increases
Answer:
C!
Explanation:
The answer is C.
Answer:
A) The prices are higher.
C) Supply decreases
Explanation:
I'm not sure if this question is supposed to have two answers? I believe both A and C could apply to the situation, however.
A monopoly exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular good. This means that the supply of that good would decrease, due to the fact there is only one supplier. Because of the decrease in supply and the lack of competition, it also means the prices of the good would be higher than if there were multiple suppliers.
Identify the misplaced modifier in the following sentence: Over the weekend, I saw a chipmunk eat a flower in the car.
Answer:D)In the car
Explanation:Because it is making it sound like the chipmunk is the the car eating a flower
Answer:
it is D
Explanation:
i got it correct in USA test prep
What do you think is the most influential technology or innovation from 1200-1900?
Answer:
Printing press
Compass
Paper currency
Steel
Electric light
Domestication of horses.
Transitors
Magnifying lens
Telegraph
Atibiotics
Steam engine
Explanation:
The 20th Century
Technology from 1900 to 1945
Recent history is notoriously difficult to write, because of the mass of material and the problem of distinguishing the significant from the insignificant among events that have virtually the power of contemporary experience. In respect to the recent history of technology, however, one fact stands out clearly: despite the immense achievements of technology by 1900, the following decades witnessed more advance over a wide range of activities than the whole of previously recorded history. The airplane, the rocket and interplanetary probes, electronics, atomic power, antibiotics, insecticides, and a host of new materials have all been invented and developed to create an unparalleled social situation, full of possibilities and dangers, which would have been virtually unimaginable before the present century.
(what is the contextualization for this prompt?)
Using the documents provided, evaluate the extent to which Christianity changed societies in Latin America in the period 1500–1800.
Answer:
Christianity changed societies in Latin America in many ways, the European evangelizers presented the mass to people, act that was not done before, they began to name villages and cities after Catholic saints from Europe, but soon after they began to recognize saints proper to America , and Christianity was quickly taking root, the culture became a purely religious culture, the customs would change and religious dates would begin to be celebrated. That's how Christianity was taking power, taking root in Latin American cultures. thats what I would do
Explanation:
In which form of government do the average citizens have the least political power? What options might they have for exerting political power under this type of regime?
The form of government having least amount of power is the unitary form of government.
Explanation:
In the unitary form of government, the people of the country have the least power in their hands. In this form of government, most power is with in the hands of the government only.
All the policies and the reforms to run the country are formed by the central government of the country. In this form of government, there is no power in the hands of the state and local form of government or in the hands of citizens.
Which of the following agricultural practices would be considered sustainable agriculture
Answer: Sustainable agriculture is a kind of agriculture that targets producing long-term plants and livestock while having minimal consequences on the environment. Sustainable agriculture also works on maintaining financial stability of farms and helping farmers enhance their techniques and exceptional of life. Some examples are rotating crops and having diversity, planting cover crops, applying integrated pest management, reducing or eliminating tillage and planting cover crops.
Explanation:
Sustainable agriculture aims to produce long-lasting plants and livestock with the least possible negative effects on the environment.
What is Sustainable Agriculture?Sustainable agriculture seeks to keep farms financially stable and supports farmers in improving their practices and quality of life.
Examples include establishing cover crops, implementing integrated pest management, minimizing or eliminating tillage, rotating crops, having diversity in your crop mix, and having cover crops.
Sustainability is a complex topic. For instance, environmental sustainability entails careful management of the natural resources and systems that are essential to agriculture.
Therefore, Sustainable agriculture aims to produce long-lasting plants and livestock with the least possible negative effects on the environment.
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Can someone help me with this ASAP please?
Answer:
Explanation:
algebra
set equations equal to each other
Imagine it is the Marx Era and your family is wealthy. Your father is a respected doctor. How would Karl Marx's views on how societies develop and the factors on group domination affect your family? Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
Karl Marx views on societal development will require my father to put in so much by virtue of production demand and receive so much by virtue of group domination.
Explanation:
My family will be expected to offer my father for regular contributions on societal development as a result of his profession thereby making hi less available to family. While by group domination, he will be expected to benefit less by having to sacrifice more for the needs of those who do not have.
Analyze the extent the conservative resurgence changed the economic and social policies of the United States from 1980 to 2008?
Your question was wrong, see the right question here?
Analyze the extent the conservative Reagan changed the economic and social policies of the United States from 1980 to 2008.
Answer:
Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an Hollywood actor and union leader before serving as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 to 1975. He later became the 40th president of the United States from Jan 20, 1981 to Jan 20, 1989 and was highly influential as voice of modern conservatism.
During his terms, Reagan new political and economic initiatives. His economic policies, was termed "Reaganomics", he advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth, economic deregulation, and reduction in government spending. Over his two terms, the economy saw a reduction of inflation from 12.5% to 4.4% and an average real GDP annual growth of 3.4% but increased military spending, which contributed to increased federal debt overall.
Reaganomics produces some multiplier effect on economic growth in such that income tax cuts give workers more incentive to work and increased the supply of labor. Not until 2008, when American economy enters recession which led many Americans to loose their job, Reaganomics was known to be one the best economic policy in the history of America.
Rap music first appeared in New York in the 1970's. Later, it spread to large cities with vibrant African-American populations - such as Los Angeles, Oakland, Chicago and Detroit - without being absorbed by the smaller cities and rural areas in between. This type of spatial diffusion is called?
Why should you NOT add water or ice to hot oil?
Answer:
You should not because this can cause a grease fire. Grease fires, unlike traditional fires, cannot be put out with water, which can increase the risk of the fire rapidly spreading.
A country, Azania, has a population of 150 million of which 16 percent is under 16 years old and 18 percent is considered not be in labor force. If 95 million are employed, calculate (a) the employment rate and (b) the unemployment rate. Show all steps.
Answer:
Explanation:
Employement rate = employed people /total labor force * 100
total labor force = 100 - 18% of population not in labor force = 72 = 0.72 *150million = 108 =million
employment rate = [tex]\frac{95}{108} *100 = 87.96%\\[/tex]
umployment rate = unemployed people /total labor force = 100 - 87,96 = 12.04%
The contrast between the speaker's description of herself as "a woman in jewels and lace" (line 14) and the description of "children crying for bread and fire" (line 16) primarily serves to emphasize the
Answer:
relative triviality of the speaker's situation.Explanation:
In the poem 'Giving Back the Flower", the poet tries question the cruel fate of her lover who dies in the battle field. She tries to portray the negative effects of war and conflict in her poem.The speaker's description of herself as 'a women in jewels and lace' and the description of 'children crying for bread' serves to emphasize the relative triviality of the speaker's situation.She wants the readers to understand that there are much more bigger problems in this world than her own. She compares her problems with that of the hungry children and realizes that her problems and situation is relatively trivial than theirs.The contrast was simply to emphasize the triviality of the speaker's situation.
From the complete question, it should be noted that there was a contrast between the speaker's description of herself as "a woman in jewels and lace" (line 14) and the description of "children crying for bread and fire" (line 16).
The contrast was simply to emphasize the triviality of the speaker's situation. The speaker wanted the audience to understand that there are bigger problems in the world than her own. She did this by comparing it with the hungry children and realized that her problem was not as bad as theirs.
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Heres a riddle a man leaves home and turns left 3 times. When he gets back home there are two masked men, who are the masked men
Answer:
They are baseball players.
Explanation:
The masked men are the people in caps for baseball.
Answer:
...Baseball?
Explanation: