Biology Middle School

Reflexes may be coordinated by the brain or by the spinal cord.

In reflexes co-ordinated by the brain, there are no relay neurones.

Suggest why there is a difference in the mean speed of the impulse for the two reflexes.

Answers

Answer 1
Final answer:

The difference in the mean speed of impulses in reflexes coordinated by the brain versus the spinal cord can be attributed to the different lengths and complexities of the nerve pathways involved. Spinal reflexes tend to be quicker due to their direct, short pathway, while cortical reflexes are slower due to their longer, more complex pathway which includes relay neurons.

Explanation:

Reflexes coordinated by the spinal cord, often termed as spinal reflexes, are typically faster. This is due to the fact they involve a direct and relatively short pathway - from the sensory neuron to the spinal cord and then directly to the motor neuron.

On the other hand, reflexes coordinated by the brain, known as cortical reflexes, require the impulse to travel a longer distance - from sensory neurons, to the spinal cord, up to the brain, and back down to the motor neurons. In addition, cortical reflexes often involve relay neurons, adding more steps and complexity to the transmission process. This additional length and complexity generally leads to a slower overall speed of impulse transmission.

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Related Questions

Calculate the mass defect for oxygen-16 given this data. Round to the 5es001-1.jpg decimal place. mass of an oxygen-16 atom: 15.994914 amu mass of a proton: 1.00728 amu mass of a neutron: 1.00866 amu mass defect = amu

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Mass of oxygen atom = 15.994914amu

Mass of a proton = 1.00728amu

Mass of a neutron = 1.00866amu

Unknown:

Mass defect = ?

From the periodic table, the number of the elementary particles in a neutral Oxygen atom is given below:

           Number of protons = 8

           Number of neutrons = 8

          Number of electrons = 8

Solution

The mass defect examines the difference between the actual mass of an atom and sum of masses of the nucleons.

The mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus which contains protons and neutrons. Electrons have little to no weight compared with the nucleons.

    To calculate the mass defect, we first know the mass of the nucleons first:

           1 proton has a mass of  1.00728amu

           8 protons will weigh: (8 x 1.00728)amu = 8.05824amu

For the neutrons:

          1 neutron has a mass of 1.00866amu

          8 neutrons will weigh: (8 x 1.00866)amu = 8.06928amu

Mass of the nucleons = mass of protons + mass of neutrons

                                   = 8.05824amu + 8.06928amu

                                   = 16.12752amu

The mass defect = mass of the nucleons - mass of the atom

                             = 16.12752amu - 15.994914amu

                              = 0.132606amu ≅ 0.13261amu to 5 decimal places

Mass defect refers to difference between the mass of an isotope and its mass number which represents the binding energy. The mass defect for oxygen-16 in given data is 0.13261amu

What is isotope?

The element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei is called isotope.

They differ in relative atomic mass and are same in chemical properties.

The mass defect for oxygen-16 is:

Given that

Mass of oxygen = 15.994914amuMass of a proton = 1.00728amuMass of a neutron = 1.00866amu

To find:

Mass defect = x

According to the periodic table, the number of the elementary particles in a neutral Oxygen atom is given as:

Number of protons = 8Number of neutrons = 8Number of electrons = 8

The mass of an atom is summed up in the nucleus which contains protons and neutrons. Electrons have little weight.

To calculate the mass defect,  the mass of the nucleons is as follows:

1 proton has a mass of  1.00728amu8 protons will weigh: (8 x 1.00728)amu = 8.05824amu

For the neutrons:

1 neutron has a mass of 1.00866amuweight of 8 neutrons will be: (8 x 1.00866)amu = 8.06928amuMass of the nucleons = mass of protons + mass of neutronsMass of the nucleons = 8.05824amu + 8.06928amuMass of the nucleons= 16.12752amuThe mass defect = nucleons mass - atomic massThe mass defect = 16.12752amu - 15.994914amuThe mass defect = 0.132606amu ≅ 0.13261amu

Thus, the mass defect for oxygen-16 according to given data is 0.13261amu.

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Select all of the following that are true about Mediterranean climate: has wet winters and dry summers is nearer to the equator than tropical areas plants have adapted to extreme rainfall differences is found in southern California

Answers

has wet winters and dry summers, plants have adapted to extreme rainfall differences, and is found in southern California. Hope I helped tried my best finding the answers and I'm sorry that it was a day late.

Answer:

Explanation:

It has wet winters, dry summer

Is found in Southern California

Plants have adapted to extreme rainfall differences.

Hope this helps :)

Which of these activities would have been considered suitable for women in the Elizabethan period?

Answers

Weaving and sewing would be suitable for women to do in the Elizabethan period.

Answer:

painting , all others were no allowed for women to practice

Explanation:

PLATO users

Purple petal color in pea plants is dominant to white petal color. Two heterozygous pea plants are crossed. What ratio of the offspring will have white petals? : Express this in a percentage. %

Answers

Ahhh I love these! Your answer is 25% and the work is shown in the picture!

Hope this helped!
Xoxo~Melis

Mendel crossed the dominant purple colour flowered plant with the recessive white colour flowered plant. The F 1 generation produced the heterozygous purple colour flowered (Pp) plants. When two heterozygous pea plants (Pp) are crossed in the F2 generation represented by Pp x Pp, the gametes formed are P and p. Out of the offspring produced, 3 are purple colour flowered plants and 1 is white colour flowered plant. Thus the phenotypic ratio is 3: 1 with one out of four plants being white colour flowered pea plant. When expressed in percentage it is 25%.

Humans usually live in houses or other buildings that protect them from environmental hazards, such as rain, snow, and extremely hot and cold temperatures. The roofs of buildings may be made from a variety of materials. Which of the following is a renewable resource that can be used to make roofs?

Answers

You can make a roof out of bamboo, which is renewable and durable. 

Answer:

wood

Explanation:

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