Rendon has been using xanax for a period of over six months. alex, his friend, asks him to stop using the drug as it adversely affects the body. brendon listens to alex and discontinues taking the drug. however, upon withdrawal, he experiences immense physical pain accompanied by increased craving for the drug. this is most likely due to

Answers

Answer 1

The reason of why Brendon experience immense physical pain and increased craving upon withdrawal because of physical dependence. Physical dependence is a physical condition that occurs after a gradual drug withdrawal in which the drug is being chronically used that upon withdrawal, it causes unpleasant symptoms, mainly, physical.


Related Questions

how do the income effect, the substitution effect, and diminishing marginal utility help explain the law of demand?

Answers

The utility approach helps explain the law of demand. In fact, the demand curve for a normal good is downward sloping due to the law of diminishing marginal utility.

Why is storing hazardous wastes in barrels and burying them deep in the ground a bad idea ?

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This due to the risk of contaminating the water table, especially where the water table is high. The water table is usual defined as the highest zone / horizon of high saturation of water in the soil, underground. The water table feeds river through springs. If contaminated, the water in springs will also be contaminated and affect any living things that consumes the water.

Which statements about mutations are true? Check all that apply.

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Mutations in your genes are happening almost every time your cells divide, they're just so minor that they basically dont matter, but every once in a while a serious one will occur, which, can cause permanent damage or death.

Answer:

i think its 2, 4,5

Explanation:

Can you explain why the presence of three types of pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids) increase the functioning of photoautotrophs?

Answers

Photoautotrophs are organisms, typically a plant, that obtains energy from the sun to be able to convert inorganic materials to organic materials for cellular functions to take place such as biosynthesis and respiration. Its function is increased by the presence of the three types of pigments namely chlorophyll A and B and carotenoids because these are "enablers" of photosynthesis.

The chlorophyll serves as the stepping stone for the sunlight "energy-capture" . This pigment contains porphyrin ring through which electrons can freely to move. Since they move freely, the ring has the ability to gain or lose electrons easily thus they also have the ability to provide energized electrons to other molecules.

However, the carotenoids are accessory pigments only because they cannot directly transfer the energy from the sun to the photosynthetic pathway which means that the absorbed energy must be passed on to chlorophyll first.

Without enzymes, the metabolic pathways are _____.

Answers

longer
higher energy level

Answer:

Inhibited or blocked

Explanation:

Without the enzymes, the metabolic pathways are blocked.

The genetic code of the gene is responsible for the production of a specific enzyme, which regulates the metabolic pathways in the cell during meiosis; the combination of chromosomes in a gamete is due to chance.

(Earth/Space)
Answer fast to get brainliest.
What kind of stars are found in the spiral arms of the Milky Way?
A. old, metal-rich stars
B. old, metal-poor stars
C. young, metal-rich stars
D. young, metal-poor stars

Answers

the answer would be b

Young, metal-rich stars found in Milky Way's spiral arms. So, the correct option is (C).

What are Stars?

A star is defined as a celestial object which consists of a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to the Earth is the Sun. Other stars are visible to the bare eye at night, but their extreme distance from Earth makes them appear as fixed points of light.

Stars are called stars because they shine and shine, because even when they are bathed in light, they seem to be a resplendent being of their own.

Population I or metal-rich stars are said to be the young stars with the highest metallicity of the three populations and are typically found in the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy.

Thus, Young, metal-rich stars found in Milky Way's spiral arms. So, the correct option is (C).

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In which zone can rooted plants be expected to be found attached to the seafloor? What is the name of this zone and why are plants found there?

Answers

Rooted plants (seaweed) would be found close to the shore in the intertidal zone, called the littoral zone. Seaweed is found here as the water here is shallow, and seaweed requires sunlight for photosynthesis, so the water cannot be too deep for the sunlight to penetrate. Seaweed is not a plant as such but rather may belong to one of several groups of multicellular algae.

Answer: Plants that are attached to the ocean surface live in the benthic zone. These plants are also found in the epipelagic zone which maxes at 200m. Plants and life need warmth, oxygen, and sunlight. At these depths, all of these are available to ocean life.

The nurse is preparing to assist with the removal of a chest tube. which dressing is appropriate at the site from which the chest tube is removed?

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There are choices for this question namely:

a) "Exhale forcefully while the chest tube is being removed."
b) "While the chest tube is being removed, raise your arms above your head."
c) "During the removal of the chest tube, do not move because it will make the removal more painful."
d) "When the tube is being removed, take a deep breath, exhale, and bear down."

The correct answer is "when the tube is being removed, take a deep breath, exhale, and bear down". This is called a Valsalva maneuver and this functions to prevent the air from leaking back to the pleural space and eventually prevent pneumothorax. After which, a clean, air tight, dressing shall be applied to the wound.

You are given two true-breeding groups of rabbits. the first group has floppy ears and white coat color. the second group has straight ears and black coat color. when you perform a cross of these two groups to obtain a f1 generation you see that all of your rabbits have floppy ears and grey coat color. if you knew that each of these traits was determined by a single gene and underwent independent assortment, then you expect to see that 75 percent of your f2 generation rabbits have _____ ears and _____ of your rabbits have black fu

Answers

Floppy ears are dominant over straight ears and coat colors is determined by incomplete dominance

In the F2 generation, 75 percent of rabbits are expected to have floppy ears, and 25 percent are expected to have black fur.

When crossing two true-breeding groups of rabbits, one with floppy ears and white coat and the other with straight ears and black coat, to obtain an F1 generation that all have floppy ears and grey coat, we can infer certain genetic principles.

Given that both traits are determined by a single gene and undergo independent assortment, according to Mendelian genetics, in the F2 generation we expect to see a 3:1 phenotypic ratio for each trait.

For ear type, since all F1 rabbits have floppy ears, we would conclude that floppy ears are dominant. Hence, 75 percent of the F2 generation rabbits are expected to have floppy ears. For coat color, grey in the F1 suggests incomplete dominance between white and black alleles. However, the question specifically asks for the percentage of F2 rabbits with black fur, which would be the result of homozygous black allele mating. Therefore, expectedly, 25 percent of F2 rabbits would exhibit a black coat color due to the recessive nature of black fur in the context provided.

If a cell that has six chromosomes goes through meiosis, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have? 1

Answers

Half of 6, 6 / 2 = 3

________ are large lymphatic nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx.

Answers

tonsils are large lymphatic nodules h are located in the walls of the pharynx

Your grandfather has been advised by a neighbor to select his foods using the dietary guidelines for americans on choose my plate website to help cure his high blood pressure. what advise would you give him

Answers

cut down on foods high in salt(sodium)

Answer:

First of all, he should eat only up to 1500 mg of sodium per day.

Secondly, he should have 6 to 8 servings of grains per day. Ideally, he should only consume whole grains as these do not spike insulin levels as refined grains do.

Third, he should consume 4 or 5 vegetables or fruits per day, in order to get all the essential vitamins and minerals.

He should also avoid fried foods, and only consumme lean meat, poultry and fish.

Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ________.
a.thalamus
b.superior colliculus
c.chiasma
d.occipital lobe of the cortex

Answers

d.occipital lobe of the cortex

cerebral cortex (cerebrum) is the most conscious part of the human brain, contains: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes
Final answer:

The conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the occipital lobe of the cortex, which is the primary area of the brain responsible for visual interpretation.

Explanation:

The conscious perception of vision likely reflects activity in the occipital lobe of the cortex. The occipital lobe in our brain is primarily responsible for interpreting visual information sent from our eyes. The process starts when light enters our eyes and hits the retina. The information is then transferred by the optic nerve through the thalamus to the occipital lobe, where it is consciously perceived as vision.

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Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are

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The answer is T cells. They develop from a progenitor lymphoblast ( found in the bone marrow) which could also differentiate into B cells and natural killers cells of the adaptive immune system, through lymphopoiesis. B cells, the other type of lymphocytes, attain immunocompetence in the Gut-associated-lymphoid tissue (GALT).

Final answer:

Thymocytes are lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus through a series of developmental stages. They are formed in the bone marrow and then migrate to the thymus to develop their T cell receptors. Thymocytes differentiate into different types of T cells, such as helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Explanation:

The lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are called thymocytes. Immature T-cells, or thymocytes, enter the thymus and go through a series of developmental stages that ensures both function and tolerance before they leave and become functional components of the adaptive immune response.

Thymocytes are formed in the bone marrow and then migrate to the thymus, where they develop their T cell receptors. This process of maturation in the thymus is critical for the development of a functional immune system.

Once mature, these thymocytes differentiate into different types of T cells, such as helper T cells (CD4+T cells) and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+T cells), which play crucial roles in the immune response.

Some insects have evolved the ability to pollinate only specific types of flowers. The process of two species evolving together because of interdependence is called
A) coevolution.
B) Larmackian theory.
C) divergent evolution.
D) convergent evolution.

Answers

its A:coevolution trust me it is
The answer is A) Coevolution. Hope this helped!

How could you tell xylophagous and phyllophagous insects apart?

Answers

Xylophagous insects eat wood and phyllophagous insects eat plants.

Explanation:

A xylophagous insect feeds the wood and decaying parts of the woods.

In their digestive system symbiotic bacteria is present which helps in the breakdown of the cellulose.

Examples of xylophagous insects are furniture beetles, Beavers, deathwatch beetle, Shipworms.

Whereas a phyllophagous insect feeds plants and leaves.

Examples of phyllophagous insects are giraffe, insects, bears, elephants, koala, and deer.

Identify the gas being produced by plants.

Answers

Plants produce oxygen 

The part of the brain that is responsible for thought, reasoning, memory, judgment, speech, and voluntary body movement is the ____.
a. cerebrum
b. cerebellum
c. medulla oblongata
d. midbrain

Answers

The answer is the cerebrum!! Plz mark brainliest

The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement. The cerebellum is located under the cerebrum.

what is a gene?
A) a section of a protein that codes for DNA
B) the alternate version of a trait
C) the visible trait in the F1 generation
D) a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

Answers

A gene is a section of DNA that encodes instructions for creating a specific protein or RNA molecule, effectively determining a particular trait in an organism.

A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is considered the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. In simpler terms, genes carry instructions for making all the proteins that are required for an organism's growth, development, and biological functions, thus determining specific traits.

A gene is a discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides. Often, one gene is responsible for making one protein, but this is not always the case. The expression of genes can be influenced by environmental factors, and some proteins may be the result of multiple genes working together.

An example of how a gene works is seen in pea plants, where a specific gene might code for flower color. Therefore, to answer the student's original question, the correct option is:

D) a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

Which best describes the first organisms on earth apex?

Answers

Evolutionary biologists theorize that the first living organisms on earth are single-celled prokaryotes. The two prokaryotic domains are archaea and bacteria. Bacteria varies from disease-causing pathogens to valuable photo synthesizers and symbionts while archaea are diverse, but not pathogenic and they have the characteristics to live in extreme environments. Moreover, the presence of prokaryotes is highly dominating for they can be found everywhere even inside our bodies but they are difficult to count, classify or detect.

 

Prokaryotes, which are straight, single-celled microorganisms, were the first life forms on Earth.

These species first appeared during the Archean Eon, which lasted approximately 3.5 to 4 billion years. Prokaryotes differed from later-evolving, more complex eukaryotic organisms in that they lacked a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria and Archaea were the two primary categories of early prokaryotes.

These organisms were perfectly adapted to Earth's harsh early conditions, which included high temperatures, lack of oxygen, and much volcanic activity. They were essential in molding the planet's ecosystems and creating the conditions for modern existence. As these primitive organisms evolved over time, more complex life forms emerged.

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A nurse is counseling a pregnant client who maintains a vegetarian diet. what should the nurse plan to do to ensure optimal nutrition during the pregnancy?

Answers

refer the client to a dietitian to help plan her daily menu. 

Intramembranous ossification begins when aggregated mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which then produce osteoid. this process takes place in the dense irregular connective tissue of the __________

Answers

that would be the dermis :)

Suppose george washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. the leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. the tissue(s) that george left functional was (were) the

Answers

Hi! 

What George Washington did was called "Girdling"

It consists of removing bark, cambium, and phloem from a tree, and leaving only the xylem and heartwood functional

What it does to the tree is to remove the tissue that is responsible for carrying the sugar from the leaves to the roots. This causes the roots to die, and with them, the tree dies too. This process is very slow and is used by horticulturists to kill trees while giving the environment time to adjust.

According to freud, two instincts furnish the energy for personality functioning. these instincts are

Answers

The answer is sex and aggression. Freud's view on sex and aggression that these are the strong innate forces in psychologic system. He called these as instinct. Freud postulated that human have a fundamental instinct towards destruction and this instinct is manifested through aggression. This is referred sometimes as the life instinct or libido and thanatos for death instinct. He also used the term libido to the need to satisfy, sustain life and pleasure related urge. He also note that this can occur in combination in various ways and situations.

The health of bones depends upon a good supply of calcium. if a person consumes 0.06 g of calcium, how many moles of calcium did he consume?

Answers

Relative molecular mass of calcium is 40

moles = mass / relative molecular mass of calcium
           =0.06g / 40
           =0.0015 moles

Calcium is the chemical element of atomic number 20, with a Ca.sup. Symbol of molar mass of 40 g / mol.

It is a hard gray-white, alkaline-earth metal that is never found in pure bodies in nature. It is the fifth most abundant element of the earth's crust (more than 3%) and is essential for organic matter: formation of bones, teeth and shells. Calcium also plays a very important role in cell physiology.

To calculate the number of moles of calcium, you have to apply the law of:

Number of moles = mass / molar mass.

n = m / M = 0.06 / 40 = 1.5 × 10 -3 mol = 1.5 mmol.

The number of moles of calcium is 1.5 milli-moles.


A school nurse is assessing children in the third grade for pediculosis capitis. what assessments should be made?

Answers

Pediculosis capitis, also known as hair lice, is one of the most common of ectoparasitic infections. This is highly contagious, especially in schools, day care centers, or areas wherein children are in close contact with infected children. In this case, the nurse should examine the heads of the children for small lice or nits on the hair shafts.

You are managing an rosc patient. while transitioning the patient to the​ ambulance, your partner dropped and broke the pulse oximeter. during​ transport, how much oxygen should be​ provided?

Answers

I think an amount of 15 lpm, would be appropriate. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is resumption of sustained perfusing cardiac activity associated with significant respiratory effort after cardiac arrest. Signs of ROSC include breathing, coughing, or movement and a palpable pulse or a measurable blood pressure. 

Paenibacillus wynnii uses the oxygen produced by cyanobacteria for which cellular process?

Answers

The answer is respiration. Paenibacillus wynnii is a facultative bacteria found in soil and other environments. Being facultative, it can survive in both oxygenated or anoxic environments. Therefore, if put together with Cyanobacteria that produces oxygen, Paenibacillus wynnii will use the oxygen in respiration.


The oxygen produced by cyanobacteria is used by Paenibacillus wynnii in respiration. The Latin name paene means almost, which reflects its name “almost bacilli”.  This endospore-forming bacteria, specifically genus P. larvae is known to cause American foulbrood in honeybees but they are essential in agriculture and horticulture.

In addition, these bacteria can catalyze a wide variety of synthetic reactions ranging from cosmetics to biofuel production for they produce extracellular enzymes like polysaccharide-degrading enzymes and proteases.

which statement best describes a human influence on the biogeochemical cycles?

Answers

''Perhaps the most significant factor that affects the biogeochemical cycles in the terms of human involvement is global warming, which disrupts natural cycles on various levels.''
A. Increased eutrophication caused by high levels of nitrogen and phosphorous

Why aren't organisms on the seafloor crushed by water pressure?

Answers

The organisms on the seafloor have do not have air inside their bodies. Unlike the hollow viscera of animals in the surface, the viscera of seafloor organisms are filled with fluid. Therefore, the internal and external pressure is equal and these organisms are not crushed.

Answer: The deep-sea organisms found today have undergone evolution in the past and are very complex now because their body structure also varies from that of the organisms that are present at a lower depth.

The bodies of these organism does not contain any air cavities in which the pressure could exert. It is because of this, the organism are quite solid without any air in their bodies, thereby they can withstand extreme high pressure.

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Describe the Mother Earth deity in Stone Age civilizations, including what happened to her worship as two civilizations developed? What were the immediate causes of the english civil war what were some important results? which word means not speaking clearly? subordinate, incoherent, unfathomable or impede Don wrote the expression 8 less than the product of m and 10. What algebraic expression did he write? What is the value of the expression for m = 7? Which number is written in scientific notation? 7.8 x 105 0.84 x 106 3.4 x 1002 5 x 1012 If a scientist knows the relative age of a fossil, he can also know A. the relative age of the rock where it was found. B. how it became extinct. C. how long the organism was alive. D. the type of climate from which it came. Hno3(aq)+k2so3(aq) express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer. How can you find the surface area of a composite solid made up of prisms Read the excerpt from The Land.We looked at each other then. We both knew there was little our daddy ever changed his mind about. We knew, too, our daddy figured sending us off to school was what was best; still I couldn't help but feel something was being wedged between Robert and me.This narration reveals that Paul thinks being sent to a different school than Robert will A: Be difficult for Robert.B: Ruin their relationship with their father.C: Be beneficial for both of them.D: Change their relationship. Which attack intercepts communications between a web browser and the underlying computer? What is the length of the side of a cube that has a surface area of 864 in2 A.11inB.12inC.13inD.14in what is the answer ? The action of "gliptins" is different from other antidiabetic agents because they: which number produces an irrational number when multiplied by 0.5 Margaret wants to call her friend overseas. There is a connection fee of $2 and a charge of $1.50 per minute. So the cost of the call is 2 + 1.5t dollars for t minutes. Even though Great Britain was at odds with France over the situation involving the Suez Canal. Why did It side with France as world war 1 began I discovered that Vanessa was superficial, or shallow, and I didn't feel like I had much in common with her.Identify the context clue and its function in the sentence above.A.shallow, as a synonym for superficialB.common, as a synonym for shallowC.superficial, as an antonym for shallowD.common, as a consequence of feel What was the problem with the spartan assembly? The american civil liberties union advertised for a teacher who would be willing to be arrested for teaching ____________________. A picture is 5 inches wide and 8 inches tall:A rectangle is shown. The length of the rectangle is labeled 5 inches. The width of the rectangle is labeled 8 inches.A photographer wants to use a scale factor of 2.5 to enlarge a picture. What will the area of the picture be after it is enlarged? (5 points)40 in2250 in2100 in281.9 in2