Answer:
(A) Participants who were depressed at the study's start were no more likely to be smokers at the study's end than those who were not depressed.
Explanation:
According to the study's results, it is evident that participants had more chances to experience depression after they began smoking than if they never did. In the case of a person who is already depressed, smoking has no significant difference. The person has this mental health condition, and whether he/she starts smoking or not is not going to change it.
You are body surfing in modest waves that are breaking just offshore. A particularly big one catches you off guard, flips you over and over, and deposits you on the shore. As you lie there in the sand, you think, hey, I just landed on ________.
Answer:
the beachface
Explanation:
Within the last year, Mr. Shangkun has been fired by three different employers because they each discovered that he was stealing money or materials from their companies. Although he feels no remorse for his misdeeds, his outward signs of repentance have dissuaded his former employers from taking him to court. Mr. Shangkun's behavior is most indicative of A. borderline personality disorder. B. antisocial personality disorder. C. avoidant personality disorder. D. a dissociative disorder.
Answer:
The correct answer is b) antisocial personality disorder.
Explanation:
A person is diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder when they do not reflect between evil and goodness, regardless of other people's norms or rights.
The characteristics observed in a person with antisocial personality disorders are manipulation towards others, opposition to authority, and do not possess any degree of guilt or remorse for the actions they perform; Furthermore, these individuals have problems to fulfill their family and work obligations.
As in the case of Mr. Shangkun, he presents the characteristics of antisocial personality disorder; he shows no signs of remorse, But manipulates his former employers, so he doesn't go to jail.
I hope this information can help you.
Answer:
b) antisocial personality disorder.
Explanation:
An effective introduction should
A. provide a detailed biography of the speaker.
B. comprise at least 25 percent of your total speech.
C. introduce the speech topic and purpose.
D. be prepared before the body of the speech.
Answer: C
Explanation: An introduccion should, as its name suggests, introduce to the topic we are about to talk about and what are the reasons behind whatever we are writting about.
A reader who reads the introduccion should know ,after having read it, what are we going to talk about and why we wrote about that topic. Some details might be included there but it have to be more as a summary.
Lee was momentarily terrified as a passing automobile nearly sideswiped his car. When one of his passengers joked that he almost had a two-color car, Lee laughed uncontrollably. Lee's emotional volatility best illustrates the
Answer: Spill over effect
Explanation:
Emotional volatility refers to how our emotions changes suddenly from being sad to being happy in a split of a second.
People around us can influence us with their emotions either sad or happy emotions in this case Lee was terrified for a moment but the joke made by his passenger spilled over to him which resulted to a suddenly change in which he finds himself laughing so the passengers positive emotion spilled into him and impacted him positively this is referred to as a spill over effect.
Lee's emotional response of laughing uncontrollably after a near-accident best illustrates the spillover effect, where emotions from one event affect responses in another.
Explanation:The situation described illustrates the spillover effect. The spillover effect is a phenomenon where emotions from one situation can influence our responses to a new situation. This is different from the adaptation-level theory, which concerns how we adjust our expectations based on what we become accustomed to, and dual processing, which refers to the principle that we process information on both conscious and unconscious levels.
Instead, the spillover effect highlights how arousal from an earlier event, the near accident, influenced Lee's subsequent emotional response: laughing uncontrollably at the joke, despite the terror he had just felt. The cognitive appraisal of the situation is crucial, as introduced by the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, wherein physiological arousal is given a cognitive label based on the context, leading to the emotional experience.
32. Although Justine strongly disagrees with her sister's opinion, she effectively controls her anger and responds with empathy to her sister's frustration so that they can make some progress. Her behavior best illustrates:
Answer:
Emotional intelligence
Explanation:
Emotional intelligence refers to a person's capacity to deal with and control his/her emotions and be able to control the emotions of other people too. This means that Justine in this case can show empathy to her sister and continue so as to make progress.
To define emotional intelligence, five elements must be considered: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills. Self-awareness means that the person is aware of his/her situation and of his/her strengths and weaknesses. If a person is aware of what is going on around him/her, he/she must understand others in a better way. Self-regulation implies that a person must remain calm before reacting to a situation. A motivated person may influence other people in a better and more convenient way. Empathy shows the ability a person has to put himself or herself in somebody else's shoes. Finally, social skills reflect the manner in which a person communicates or expresses what he/she wants to convey.
The NIMS Management Characteristic of Chain of Command and Unity of Command means that each person:________
A. Reports to only one ICS supervisor.
B. May be assigned to multiple jurisdictions.
C. May receive work assignments from multiple supervisors in the organization.
D. Continues to report directly to their day-to-day supervisor.
The NIMS Management Characteristic of Chain of Command and Unity of Command means that each person "Reports to only one ICS supervisor".
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Unity of command is one among the management principles of fourteen given by French mining engineer, Henri Fayol. According to this principle, in the hierarchical chain, subordinate must include rules, guidelines and messages to only a manager (one in number).
If the subordinates do not do this, there will be considerable confusion in terms of tasks and responsibilities. This management policy is also useful in cases where there is more than one manager but still reports to only one manager by subordinates.
Dessa’s soccer teammates want to play a prank on the rival stunt and cheer team before their game. Dessa is reluctant to participate, but does not want to be the only one who expresses disapproval of the plan. She goes along with the group. This scenario illustrates that conformity ____.
Answer:
Conformity allows people to feel integrated in society, or a social group. This behaviour is typical of normative social influence, which occurs when people comply to social norms in order to be accepted.
It's possible for someone to not accept an opinion in private, and still comply in public. This is done to satisfy people's needs of affection and integration.
Final answer:
Conformity is the extent to which an individual complies with group norms or expectations. In this scenario, Dessa goes along with her teammates' prank despite her reluctance, demonstrating conformity.
Explanation:
Conformity is the extent to which an individual complies with group norms or expectations. In the scenario described, Dessa goes along with the group's prank despite her own reluctance because she does not want to be the only one expressing disapproval. This demonstrates conformity as she is changing her behavior to go along with the group even though she doesn't agree with their plan.
Assume that Laverne and Shirley prepare articles of incorporation but forget to send the articles to the appropriate state office. A few months after they begin to operate their consulting business as a corporation, Laverne visits a client. After her meeting, in driving out of a parking lot, Laverne inadvertently backs her car over the client, causing serious bodily harm. Is Shirley liable for the accident? Why?
Answer:
No, Shirley is not liable for the accident.
Explanation:
Articles of incorporation is necessary for the legal recognition of a firm as it includes the documents and papers under state government.
This article includes data such as name of the firm, address, stock type, etc. Thus in case of Laverne and Shirley, although both of them had articles of incorporation prepared, but they were not able to send those to the state office discarding it from the legal point of view.
Thus the failure of the state approval did not hold Laverne and Shirley as legal partners are and hence there won't be any liability of the accident on Shirley and only Laverne would be liable.
Armando made a poor first impression on Bianca as he first arrived, so throughout their evening date, despite his pleasant behavior, Bianca continued to see him in an unfavorable light due to __________.
Answer:
Due to her first impression.
Explanation:
Bianca continued to see Armando in an unfavorable light due to her initial poor impression of him.
Explanation:The reason why Bianca continued to see Armando in an unfavorable light despite his pleasant behavior is because of her initial poor impression of him. This is a common psychological phenomenon known as the primacy effect, where the first impression we form of someone can influence our perception of them even when contradictory information is presented.
To help Janet overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment best illustrates
Answer:
The correcto answer is Aversive conditioning.
Explanation:
Aversive conditioning in psychology is defined as a procedure which uses an unpleasant stimuli or a punishment to stop an unwanted behavior or reduce the frecuency of it. For example, when children have nail bitting habits a transparent nail nail polish with a bitter taste is applied to give the averisve stimuli desired in order to end this habit. In Janet's case the bitter tasting chocolate is the aversive stimuli to prevent her from eating chocolate and ultimately controlling or atleast reducing her cravings, therefore aversive conditioning is the treatment used in her case.
Glenda has just heard a compelling statement from Rhonda about why she should fasten her seatbelt, even though she had not originally intended to fasten her seatbelt. Glenda’s act of conforming to Rhonda’s comments because she believed these comments were accurate is called________.
Answer:
Informational social influence
Explanation:
Informational social influence is a source of information where you can choose to make a decision. But sometimes a person gets confused due to the availability of plenty of information and need to take the advice pf n expert. The person can use the source of informational social influence that helps a person to decide about something.
A person can decide by observing someone who is in the same situation as you are facing the situation. The main problem occurs when a person doesn't know what going on. When to laugh, make the decision, good or bad, etc about a person have no idea.
Thus Glenda acts to Rhonda comments because she believed these comments sare accurate.
Jasmine is always complaining that she doesn't like the way she looks. She tells her friend Amber that she thinks her thighs are too big and that she feels fat. Amber assures Jasmine that she isn't fat, but Jasmine won't listen. It is likely that Jasmine may be suffering from
A) peer pressure.
B) a negative body image.
C) anxiety.
D) depression.
Answer:
B)A negative body image
Explanation:
She could also be suffering form body dysmorphia, a mental disease in which the patient is fixed on a supposed physical flaw that is frequently not real. (For example, a person with a medium-sized nose who believes that he or she has an extremely large nose).
In the question, Jasmine believes that she is fact while apparently she is not, going by her friend's opinion.
Rita is adventurous, impulsive, extroverted, and domineering. She is a natural leader and has a thriving career as a real-estate developer. She likes working with other people, but only in situations where she is in control. According to Holland's theory, she is a(n) ______ type.
Enterprising is the correct answer.
According to Holland's theory of personality, those who like Rita have an enterprising personality enjoy leading and persuading people by selling things and ideas. They usually avoid activities that require the use of careful observation, scientific and analytical thinking, but value activities that lead to success in politics, business and leadership. These people are seen as energetic, impulsive, adventurous, domineering and very sociable.
Mary, an independent sales representative, is hindered in her ability to be in contact with clients because of dropped calls on her cell phone. Her decision to purchase a cellular booster for her phone reflects Mary has just proceeded through the _____ stage of consumer decision making.
Answer:
The answer is need recognition.
Explanation:
This stage is also called problem identification. It occurs after discovering a need that has not been satisfied yet.
Need recognition may be driven by both internal factors (feeling hungry or thirsty) or external, such as seeing an advertisement which reminds the consumer about a need they have.
David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel’s company, but he tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ___________ theory.
a. cognitive balance
b. group effect
c. individual exchange
d. social exchange
Answer:
social exchange
Explanation:
social exchange
The concept of social exchange implies that social behaviour stems from the process of exchange This trade of exchange is aimed at optimising benefits and reducing costs. As per this theory Individuals consume the potential advantage and risks of social relations When the threats outweigh the benefits, this partnership is terminated or abandoned by individuals.
Mr. Hughes heard what sounded like cries for help from a swimmer located 30 yards from the ocean shoreline. He continued walking along the beach, however, because he figured that one of the many swimmers in the vicinity would provide help if it was needed.
His reaction best illustrates the dynamics involved in:
a. the fundamental attribution error.
b. group polarization.
c. the bystander effect.
d. the mere exposure effect.
Answer:
The bystander effect
Explanation:
The bystander effect term was proposed by Darley and Latane in social psychology. The bystander effect is seen when an individual discourages from the helping of another person who is in need.
It happened because of the presence of others. Bystander effect increased with the number of individuals present at the place and decrease when the number of people decreased. Latane and Darley invented this term when in new-york a woman 28-year-old was stabbed by her boyfriend in front of other people and no one assists to help her because of the bystander effect.
Thus in the above statement, Mr. Hugh faces the same condition in the situation when someone was crying for help and he assumed many swimmers are there to help her if she needed it.
The sociological idea of the _____ can be applied to rapes that are perpetrated by armed complete strangers against unsuspecting females who are ambushed in darkness in blitz attacks. Group of answer choices
Answer:
The correct answer is "Ideal Type".
Explanation:
In sociology, Ideal type refers to certain elements that are common to most of the cases when a certain social phenomenon occurs.
It does not refers to whats ideal or morally correct but what is usually common when a certain phenomenon happens such as the example of the r-ape.
The ideal type r-ape is perpetrated by armed complete strangers against unsuspecting females who are ambushed in darkness in blitz attacks.
Not all r-apes have those caractheristics, but certain elements of said example are fairly common in every r-ape.
In conclusion, the correct answer is "ideal type".
Although Alex has frequently been caught stealing money and other valuables from friends as well as strangers, he does not feel guilty or remorseful about robbing these people. According to Freud, Alex most clearly demonstrates____________.
A) an inferiority complex.
B) free association.
C) a weak superego.
D) the reality principle.
Answer:
A weak superego
Explanation:
Superego is the part of personality theory that was proposed by Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud was a theorist who proposed the principle named Superego, Id, Ego, etc. Superego is the morality principle. In the superego, there is a morality principle called conscience. Conscience plays a role in the morality principle. The child who has a weak conscience will become a stealer, antisocial personality. The high conscience plays a role in high morality that leads to following the social norms. The superego is based on moral principles.
__________is the capacity to understand the world, think with rationality, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges.
Answer:
Intelligence is this capacity.
Explanation:
Intelligence is the capacity an individual possesses in order to understand the world, how it works and how to solve various problems and situations.
It helps one think rationally and be able to use a myriad of resources presented in any situation. It's the process by which an individual thinks, understands, executes and develops various thoughts in order to carry out various actions.
When Mr. Boothe meets with students who misbehave, he generally has them sit at desks; he stands nearby and speaks to them about his concerns. He often crosses his arms over his chest and stares pointedly at them. Given what you know about effective communication skills for teaching, what is your evaluation of Mr. Boothe's practice?
Answer: It is a good technique but in order to be more empathic, he shouldn't cross his arms.
Explanation: if you want to be empathic, you should be able to make the other person feel comfortable and listened when talking. In this case, Mr. Boothe crossing their hands over his chest marks a distance between him and whoever he's talking to, it's like "you listen to me but i'm not open to whatever you have to say".
Which of the following exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior? Group of answer choices
a) working at a job you hate in order to afford school
b) behaving to avoid being punished
c) misbehaving in order to get attention
d) attending a mosque because you believe it is the right thing to do
The statement that exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior is "attending a mosque because you believe it is the right thing to do."
This is because an instinct motivation is defined as a type of behavior to gain non-physical rewards or self-satisfaction.
In this case, going to the mosque because you feel it is the right thing to do, has no physical rewards, but it is considered to be a self-satisfying one.
Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is option D.
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Among the expenditures that are not required by law such as, defense, education, agriculture, highways, research grants, government operations, etc, defense receives the largest amount of ____________ spending.
Answer:
operational expenses (budget)
Explanation:
The initial step toward globalization is ________ . a. developing a foreign manufacturing base through joint venture b. domestication c. creating a statelessness d. exporting e. creating a wholly owned subsidiary
Answer:
The initial step toward globalization is d. exporting
Explanation:
In order to initialize globalization the first step is exporting. Globalization in business practice relates to a change that a company makes - swithcing from operating in one country to operating into numerous countries. This type of practice require that the company exports its good abroad in many countries.
Final answer:
The initial step toward globalization is d.exporting.
Explanation:
The initial step toward globalization often involves exporting, where a company introduces its products or services to international markets. Exporting allows businesses to reach a broader customer base, expand market presence, and increase revenue. It serves as an entry point into global trade, helping companies assess market demand, establish brand recognition, and adapt to international business practices.
Successful exporting can pave the way for deeper global engagement, such as establishing subsidiaries, forming partnerships, or engaging in foreign direct investment, contributing to the overall process of globalization and economic interconnectedness on a global scale.
How do we usually make quick assessments of others?
a. By attempting to sum up the person as a whole.
b. By focusing on a subset of traits and behaviors.
c. By evaluating as many key characteristics as possible.
d. By looking for those traits similar to our own.
We usually make quick assessments of others by focusing on a subset of traits and behaviors.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
First impression happens in a minute not takes a day, week or a year. It did not change even after a longer period. In a minute, people predicted the other’s compatibility accurately. Halo effects occur when one or more features have a profound effect on overall perception.
When people see features that they like or dislike, they usually do simple reviews with their thumbs up or down. For example, one person can attract blue eyes, and another can tattoos. So, it completely indicates that making a fast assessment on others by complete focus on the subsets of trait and the behavioural action instead of summing up as a whole person.
Our memberships in ethnic, racial, and religious subcultures often guide our consumption choices. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and ________ are the three most important ethnic/racial subcultures in the United States.
Answer:
Asian Americans.
Explanation:
African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans are the three most important ethnic/racial subcultures. This is taken into account by marketing due to the fact that they orientate their marketing to fit, depending the product or service, to one or more of this subcultures.
African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian/Pacific Islanders are identified as the three most important ethnic/racial subcultures in the United States, significantly influencing consumption choices and societal dynamics.
Explanation:Our memberships in ethnic, racial, and religious subcultures often guide our consumption choices. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian/Pacific Islanders are the three most important ethnic/racial subcultures in the United States. According to the Federal government, these groups, along with Native Americans, are officially designated as the four major racial or ethnic minority groups. Among these, African Americans, Hispanic Americans (Latino), and Asian/Pacific Islanders represent significant portions of the U.S. population, with African Americans constituting the largest group at 12.8 percent, followed by Hispanics at 11.4 percent, and Asian/Pacific Islanders at 4.0 percent as of 1999. Hispanic Americans are noted for being among the fastest-growing groups, with projections indicating they will become the predominant minority group by 2050.
Racial and ethnic populations not only contribute to the completion of the American multicultural mosaic but also influence societal dynamics, including consumption patterns and the cultural industries aiming to cater to these groups. The integration and interactions among these subcultures create a complex social landscape where cultural identity plays a pivotal role in individual and group behaviors, preferences, and consumption patterns.
Maury is a bookkeeper at Acme Corporation. He falsified the company income statements, which allowed him to steal some money from the company and transfer it to his personal account. Monica is a thief, and she robs liquor stores and convenience stores at gunpoint, late at night, when very few, if any, customers are around. Maury would best be classified as a _____, and Monica would best be classified as a ______.
Answer: embezzlement and petty theft or shoplifting
Explanation:Maury would best be classified as an embezzler as he is a person who willfully took or converted to his´ own use, Acme Corporation´s 's money. Maury initially acquired the job lawfully, and he has gotten a position of trust.
Monica would best be classified as a petty theft as she committed the act of taking and carrying away the personal property of liquor stores and convenience stores with the intent to deprive the owner of it permanently but only if the value is below $100.00
Or it is robbery if she takes money, personal property, or any other article of value in the liquor stores and convenience stores by means of force or fear.
It can also be considered shoplifting as she willful takes and conceals merchandise from businesses as liquor stores and convenience stores at gunpoint, with the intention of using the goods for one’s personal use without paying the purchase price.
Which method of determining distance would be most appropriate for a ground-based observer trying to find accurate distances out to approximately 100 parsecs? (Choose the lowest applicable rung on the cosmic distance ladder.)
Answer:
Parallax
Explanation:
According to Mark Reid, an astronomer and an astrophysicist at Harvard Smithsonian Center, the Parallax method is the most accurate method to find distance in astronomy as it includes only geometry.
Astronomers determine the distance of heavenly objects in the space by a method known as the trigonometric parallax or the stellar parallax.
To measure a very large distances in space, for example the distance between a star or a planet from Earth, the astronomers uses parallax principle. Here, parallax is defined as a semi-angle made by the inclination between the two sight-lines and the star, and this observation is taken when our Earth is on the opposite sides of Sun.
Hence the answer is --- Parallax method.
How do cyber communities differ from communities in the real world with regard to behavior?
A. It can be more difficult to identify inappropriate behavior in a cyber community.
B. They are not different in any important way.
C. People behave more appropriately online than offline.
D. Communities in the real world are more appropriate.
Answer: D. Communities in the real world are more appropriate.
Explanation:
An observation about this answer must be made. I don't think that communities in the real world are extraordinary and have a perfect behaviour, but it is real that it isn't so easy to follow a whole free will action plan as it is doing so in the online world.
In real life, our faces and names are known in our local area, we have a reputation, a public way of being. On the other hand, when we are online, no one knows who we are, we can completely change our image. Say what we want, act how we want. Of course there are regulations for online communities as well in order to have a safe environment as possible, but for some reason, people find it easier to break these norms rather than the real life ones.
Every time he drinks, Boris has a painful hangover the morning after. But he continues to drink because just a single drink reduces his anxiety. Boris' continued drinking illustrates the power of A) generalization. B) spontaneous recovery. C) extinction. D) immediate reinforcement.
Answer:B
Explanation:spontaneous recovery is the best choice because it explains what he achieves from drinking such has the reduction in anxiety
To Piaget, cognitive development involves: Passive reception of environmental stimuli Increases in the quantity, but not the quality, of knowledge with age Age-related changes in attention and memory Stages that are characterized by fundamentally different thought processes
According to Piaget, cognitive development involves advancing through stages characterized by fundamentally different thought processes, not just passive reception of information or quantity increase without quality improvement of knowledge. It's about the changing ways in which individuals understand the world.
Explanation:To Piaget, cognitive development involves stages that are characterized by fundamentally different thought processes. Each stage represents a different way in which the individual understands and interacts with the world. Piaget did not believe that cognitive development was merely about passive reception of environmental stimuli, nor was it about increases in the quantity of knowledge with age without any quality change. Additionally, he viewed cognitive development as beyond just age-related changes in attention and memory.
For instance, in the sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years), children understand the world through sensory experiences and physical interaction. In the preoperational stage (2-7 years), children begin to use symbols and language but their thinking is still limited in certain ways. In the concrete operational stage (7-11 years), logical thinking begins to take form, and in the formal operational stage (12 and older), individuals develop the capacity for abstract and scientific thinking.
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To Piaget, cognitive development is a process that involves passing through stages characterized by fundamentally different thought processes. Children develop schemas to interpret details and evolve these through assimilation and accommodation. Key concepts in Piaget's theory are object permanence and the active role of children in their learning through interactions with their environment.
Explanation:According to Jean Piaget, cognitive development involves a series of stages that are characterized by fundamentally different thought processes. He proposed a theory of cognitive development that unfolds in four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Each stage registered distinct shifts in how children 'thought and reasoned about their world. Piaget believed children developed schemata (or mental models) to help them interpret information. When children experienced new information, they adjusted their schemata through two key processes: assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation involved the integration of new information into existing schemas, while accommodation involved modifying existing schemas (or creating new ones) to suit the new information.
Piaget emphasized that children learn and understand objects and happenings in their environment through their interaction with it. This included understanding that objects continue to exist even when they're not visible – a concept known as object permanence.
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