Answer:
Mark pathogenic cells for destruction. (Ans. B)
Explanation:
Antibodies are generated by the plasma cells, and once these secreted, they attach quickly to the surface of the toxin and stop the toxin from infecting the normal body cell by blocking key extracellular sites.
Antibodies also help to mark pathogens for destruction by the help of macrophages or neutrophils and they are known as phagocytic cells because they are highly excited to macro-molecules complexed with antibodies.
How many atoms of each element are in the chemical formula p2 O5
Answer:2 phosphorus and 5 oxygen
Explanation:
What are the two identical offspring cells that come from the parent cell
Answer:
The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell. Meiosis has both similarities to and differences from mitosis, which is a cell division process in which a parent cell produces two identical daughter cells.
Explanation:
Difference between xylem and phloem
What is not a normal component of lymph
Answer:
Red blood cells
Explanation:
A cardiac researcher is trying to determine if a pattern of very high blood cholesterol is genetic in a group of Pennsylvania Dutch. Therefore, the scientist looks through years of medical records, plus patterns of marriage through several generations. The investigator is doing a type of hereditary research called ________.
Answer:
Pedigree analysis
Explanation:
Pedigree analysis is a type of research used to study gene inheritance in humans. It is used to interpret genetic information or trait patterns displayed in a family tree. Pedigree analysis tries to analyze and determine the absence or the presence of a trait in relation to family members.
When a pedigree is done it shows the family history of a trait, hence can reveal, what chromosome the trait is linked to, family genotypes, dominant or recessive traits and phenotype probabilities in unborn children.
Therefore, from the question, the investigator is doing a type of hereditary research called pedigree analysis.
Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing is a symptom of
Explanation:
Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing is a symptom of damage to the premotor cortex
Every move the body makes is due to the brain's ability to send signals to the right muscles
All of this occurs in a part of the brain called the motor cortex region
The motor cortex has three main parts: the primary motor cortex, the supplementary motor area, and the premotor cortex
The motor region controls all voluntary movements, from planning them to carrying them out
The premotor cortex is located just in front of the primary motor cortex in the brain
Its main role is to prepare the body's muscles for the exact movements that we will make or we can say it helps us to control our movements
Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing is a symptom of Apraxia
Why can't he play the keyboard?The neurological condition known as apraxia is characterized by an inability to carry out or perform taught skillful motions or actions, even though one is physically capable of doing so.
It can affect many different aspects of motor function, including the fine motor abilities needed for activities like playing an instrument or making intricate movements. Brain injuries like strokes, severe brain injuries, or neurodegenerative illnesses are the most common causes of apraxia.
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The process of recombination begins with the introduction of a double strand break into one of the homologs. This has led scientists to believe that the enzymatic machinery responsible for recombination first evolved _________.
Answer:
The process of recombination begins with the introduction of a double strand break into one of the homologs. This has led scientists to believe that the enzymatic machinery responsible for recombination first evolved as a mechanism for the repair of dsDNA breaks
Explanation:
The enzymatic machinery is what catalyzes genetic recombination. This process exchanges genetic material between different organisms which enables to production of offspring with different combinations from those in either parents. Recombination between homologous chromosomes is usually used in DNA repair.
The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about physiologic changes in the diuretic phase of a patient with acute kidney disease.
Which statement by the student nurse about the diuretic phase indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.
a) "The diuretic phase lasts for one to three weeks."
b) "Urine volume decreases in the diuretic phase."
c) "Hypovolemia occurs during the diuretic phase."
d) "The kidneys will have the ability to concentrate urine."
e) "The creatinine level increases drastically at the end of the diuretic phase."
Fruit flies have 8 chromosomes in their body cells, while dandelion cells have 16 chromosomes. Which species do you predict makes the more genetically varied offspring?
Answer:
I think this might be the answer
Explanation: The answer is the same for every diploid species. It is half the number of chromosomes in somatic (body) cells. The number of cells in gametes (sex cells) is n and the number in somatic cells is 2n. For fruit flies gametes have 4 chromosomes, for mice, 20, for humans 23, for chimpanzees 24.
Hope this helps and stay safe.
The offspring of fruit fly and dandelion cells with 8 and 16 chromosomes, respectively has the same genetic variability as both the organisms are diploid in nature.
What are Genetic variations?
Genetic variation is the difference in the DNA molecules among the individuals or the differences between populations of different organisms. The multiple sources of genetic variation are mutation and genetic recombination. Mutations are the changes in the genetic material which are the ultimate sources of genetic variation in species, but other mechanisms, include genetic drift.
Offspring of Fruit flies and dandelion cells have the same genetic variability because both of the organisms are diploid. During Meiosis, each and every diploid species undergo similar mechanism.
During meiotic division, the genetic material of the cell is reduced to half. Gametes cells have n (haploid) cells, whereas somatic cells include 2n (diploid) cells.
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Describe how and why dichotomous keys are
used.
Answer:
A dichotomous key is a guide that helps the consumer to identify things such as plants, wildflowers, mammals, snakes, rocks and fish in the natural world. Keys are a set of options, which direct the user to a given item's correct name.
Explanation:
Compare Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.
Answer: Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures in common. All cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA. The plasma membrane, or cell membrane, is the phospholipid layer that surrounds the cell and protects it from the outside environment
Explanation:
Answer:
Eukaryotes cells carries one, where as prokaryotes don't. ... Cell membrane is present in eukaryotes and absent in prokaryotes. Lysosomes, peroxisomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria are present in eukaryotic cells, yet absent in prokaryotic cells
Explanation:
Suppose an object is moving through space in a straight line. What could cause the object to start moving in circles?
Answer:
a secondary force that pulls the object toward a center point
Explanation:
I don't usually ask questions for school, I'm just curious. Well, if you look up 'savant syndrome', you'll understand this better. But, I'll give a run-down anyway. Savants are usually born with their condition. It is where the left side of the brain is malformed, or damaged in some way. Another common group is people with autism. This is called 'autistic savants'. Now, there is a way to acquire it after birth. If the left side of your brain gets damaged-from blunt head trauma or other- the right side will over-compensate, and you'll have savant-like abilities. Now, this isn't a guarantee, if you're going to hit your head like that, so put down that rock. Anyway, sorry for all that explaining. Now for my question: If acquired savant syndrome is a thing, can we do a 'controlled damaging' in someway? Because, if it's possible to make humans more efficient in some fields of skill like this, wouldn't it be possible to do it on purpose?
Answer:
yeah
Explanation:
everything is possible. thats why we scientists are here in this world. to create things for the benefit of mankind. i personally believe its possible
Disney movies that’s located in biomes
Answer:
so i know i cant name all but jungle book, rio, fox and the hound, robin hood, pocahantes, brother bear, and bambi
i know there are alot more but thats all i can come up with
Balto - Taiga, Aladdin - Dessert, Frozen - Tundra, Tarzan - Tropical Rainforest, The Lion King - Savanna, Home on the Range - Grasslands
Most of the body features found in invertebrates evolved during which of the following
periods?
1 Jurassic 2 Cambrian 3 Cretaceous and 4 Permian
Answer: 2. Cambrian
Explanation:
The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
Comparing the skeletons of animals species provides support for the theory of evolution with respect to homologous and analogous organs.
Homologous organs are organs on different organisms that are similar in structures but different in functions while analogous organs are organs on different organisms that are dissimilar in structure but similar in functions.
Comparing skeletons to determine if organs are homologous or analogous may provide an insight into the common origins of two different animals or the different origins of similar animals.
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Animals that have external fertilization are most likely to reproduce in which areas?
Animals with external fertilization typically reproduce in aquatic environments, where the water facilitates the meeting of eggs and sperm during spawning. This process is common among fish, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms, and certain amphibians like frogs.
Explanation:Animals that have external fertilization are most likely to reproduce in aquatic environments. This mode of reproduction typically involves both eggs and sperm being released into the water, where fertilization then occurs. External fertilization is predominant in many aquatic species, such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms, due to the water's role as a medium for the gametes to meet.
Frogs, corals, and cephalopods like squid and octopuses also engage in this process of spawning, which may be influenced by factors like water temperature and daylight length. Spawning involves females releasing eggs while males release sperm nearby, allowing for fertilization in the water. This contrasts with internal fertilization, which is more common in terrestrial animals and involves direct deposit of sperm into the female's reproductive tract.
The island of Guam traditionally has not had any snakes that prey on birds; however, brown tree snakes that prey upon birds were introduced. Use your knowledge of wolf-moose population dynamics to determine what happened to the population dynamics of birds and the new snakes on Guam. Which statement is probably one of the results of the snake introduction?
Since, the options have not been given the question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
The island of Guam traditionally has not had any snakes that prey on birds; however, brown tree snakes that prey upon birds were introduced. Use your knowledge of wolf-moose population dynamics to determine what happened to the population dynamics of birds and the new snakes on Guam. Which statement is probably one of the results of the snake introduction?
Because prey was abundant and few predators existed, snakes spread throughout the island.; Snake populations increased exponentially as they preyed upon birds that had no defenses against the predators.; As snake populations became very large, they reached the carrying capacity of Guam and caused bird populations to crash.; Because bird populations crashed, one of the birds' main prey items, spiders, increased their population size.
Answer: Because bird populations crashed, one of the birds' main prey items, spiders, increased their population size.
Explanation:
The wolf-moose population dynamics suggests that if the population of the moose increases the wolves will get more food and will increase in number whereas if the population of moose decrease the wolves will also decrease. This describes the predator-prey relationship.
According to the given situation, all the statements describes the predator prey relationship between birds and snake. The snake population will increase in the Island due to the availability of birds as food. But the statement, Because bird populations crashed, one of the birds' main prey items, spiders, increased their population size. is not directly related to the predator prey relationship between bird and snake. This is one of the consequences of the decline or crash of the bird population after the introduction of the snake population.
Upon centrifugation of an antibody screen procedure done by the gel system, the red blood cell agglutinates are dispersed throughout the gel column with a few agglutinates at the bottom of the microtubes.
This reaction should be graded as a:
A. 4+
B. 3+
C. 2+
D. 1+
E. Negative
Answer:
The correct answer is option C. "2+".
Explanation:
A common procedure to test for the presence of antigens is to perform an agglutination reaction by performing an antibody screen. In an agglutination reaction that is graded 2+ the red blood cells start to be broken and medium-sized agglutinates are formed. In this reaction no red blood cells are free, only agglutinates are seen at the bottom of the microtubes. The characteristics of the reaction herein described concur with an agglutination reaction that is graded 2+.
HELPPPP ILL BE MARKING BRAINLEST
A teacher demonstrated the temperature change when hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide. This is the method used. 1. Add 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution to a polystyrene cup. 2. Measure the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution. 3. Add 25.0 cm3 of hydrochloric acid to the sodium hydroxide solution. 4. Stir the solution. 5. Measure the maximum temperature of the solution. (a) What would be the most suitable piece of equipment to use to measure the temperature of the solution and the volume of the hydrochloric acid?
Answer:
The equipment to measure the temperature of the solution is Thermometer and for the volume of hydrochloric acid is Pipette.
A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. She suspects that the bacterium’s fimbriae are a virulence factor. Describe how molecular Koch’s postulates could be used to test this hypothesis.
Explanation:
Koch formulated a set of criteria that could be used to identify the pathogen responsible for a specific disease and these criteria came to be known as Koch’s postulates:
The organism must be regularly associated with the disease and its characteristic lesions
The organism must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in culture
The disease must be reproduced when a pure culture of the organism is introduced into a healthy, susceptible host
The same organism must be re-isolated from the experimentally infected host
In the given hypothesis , Koch's postulates could be used as:
1) identify pathogen associated with disease 2) isolate or purify pathogen 3) test subject gets pathogen 4) same disease/ causes liver disease or not
Suppose an operon has the following characteristics: (1) The operon codes for structural proteins that convert compound Qto compound B. (2) The operon is controlied by a constitutively expressed regulatory gene called reg. (3) In wild-type individuals, the operon is transcribed in the absence of compound B but not in the presence of compound B. (4) in reg mutants, the operon is constitutively transcribed. Is this operon inducible or repressible? Why? O It is inducible because wild-type transcription does not occur in the presence of compound B. O t is inducible because the operator in reg mutants can still bind to compound B O It cannot be determined because the number of structural genes is unknown. O t is repressible because reg transcription only occurs in the presence of compound B O t is repressible because wild-type transcription is repressed in the presence of compound B
Answer: It is repressible because wild-type transcription is repressed in the presence of Compound B
Explanation:
An operon is a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes, an operator gene, and a regulatory gene. In other words you can say it is the functional unit of transcription and gene regulations.
There are 3 types of operons
1) inducible operon- this system is a regulated unit of genetic material which is switched on in response to the presence of a chemical. Means that transcription is turned on when a specific molecule is present.
2) Repressible Operon: in this system, transcription stops when the repressor gene product is activated and the sufficient amounts of the gene product inhibit further transcription.
The third is Constitutive Operon: in this case, the amount of gene product is constant.
Hershey and Chase set out to determine what molecule served as the unit of inheritance. They completed a series of transduction experiments in which E. coli was infected by a T2 virus. Which radiolabeled element was found in the cell and what was the molecule it was found in:
A) protein
B) RNA
C) ribosome
D) DNA
Answer:
D) DNA
Explanation:
The Hershe-Chase experiments were a series of expremients conducted in 1952 by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA is the genetic material (Unit of inheritance).
In their experiments, Hershey and Chase showed that when bacteriophages which were composed of DNA and Protien, infect bacteria, their DNA enters the host bacterial cell, but most of their protien does not. Although the results were not conclusive, and Hershey and Chase were cautious in their interpretation, previous, contemporanous, and subsequent discoveries all served to prove that DNA IS THE HEREDITARY MATERIAL.
Hershey and Chase's experiments with T2 bacteriophage and E. coli used radioactive isotopes to show that DNA, marked by 32P, not protein, was the hereditary material since it was found inside the cells. So the correct option is D.
Explanation:Hershey and Chase conducted experiments to confirm what molecule served as the unit of inheritance by using the T2 bacteriophage, a virus that infects E. coli. They labeled the phage with two different radioactive isotopes, 32P, and 35S, to distinguish between DNA and protein within the phage. The 32P-labeled DNA was found inside the bacterial cells after infection, while the 35S-labeled proteins remained outside the cells. This crucial result led to the conclusion that DNA, not protein, is the molecule responsible for heredity.
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A bird species in danger of extinction has a population that is decreasing exponentially left parenthesis upper a equals upper a 0 e superscript kt right parenthesis . six years ago the population was at 1400 and today only 1000 of the birds are alive. once the population drops below 100 , the situation will be irreversible. when will this happen
Answer:
This will happen in 39 years.
Explanation:
The population of the birds varies as A = A.e^kt
The population of birds fell from 1400 from 1000
Time it will take for the population to fall below 100 = x years.
when t = 0, population = 1400
t= 3; Population = 1000
Therefore:
1400 = 1000e^5k
e^5k= 1400/1000
k= (In 1.4)/5
we need to find x, such that
1400/1000= (e^xk)
14=(e^xk)
In(14) =kx
x= 5In(14)/In(1.4)
x= 39 years
After the drought of 1977, researchers on the island of Daphne Major hypothesized that medium ground finches that had large, deep beaks, survived better than those with smaller beaks because they could more easily crack and eat the tough Tribulus cistoides fruits. If this hypothesis is correct, what would you expect to observe if a population of these medium ground finches colonizes a nearby island where Tribulus cistoides is the most abundant food for the next 1000 years?
Assume that (1) even the survivors of the 1977 drought sometimes had difficulty cracking the tough T. cistoides fruits and would eat other seeds when offered a choice; and (2) food availability is the primary limit on finch fitness on this new island.
A) evolution of yet larger, deeper beaks over time
B) evolution of smaller, pointier beaks over time
C) random fluctuations in beak size and shape
D) no change in beak size and shape
The liver
Select one:
a. produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats.
b. produces several digestive enzymes.
c. stores vitamin C.
d. receives oxygenated blood from the portal vein.
e. can not synthesize new molecules.
Answer:
I believe the answer is D
Explanation:
the liver filters the blood coming from the digestive tract before it passes the other parts of the body. the liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs.
The liver produces secretions that aid in neutralizing stomach acids and emulsifying fats, contributing to digestion, option (a) is correct.
The liver's role in digestion is critical; it produces bile, a greenish-yellow fluid that contains bile salts. These salts act as detergents, emulsifying large fat globules into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area for enzymatic digestion. Bile also helps neutralize stomach acids, ensuring the pH level is optimal for enzyme activity in the small intestine.
Moreover, the liver synthesizes and stores several digestive enzymes, which play a role in breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Additionally, the liver is involved in storing vitamins and minerals, regulating blood sugar levels, and processing nutrients, drugs, and toxins that enter the bloodstream via the portal vein, option (a) is correct.
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How might an RNA-based genome result in an increased infection rate? What are some potential complications to this infection strategy?
RNA-based genomes can increase infection rates due to RNA viruses' adaptability and mutation rates. However, there are potential complications, such as drug resistance and the generation of new viral strains through recombination events.
Explanation:Viruses can increase infection rates with an RNA-based genome through various mechanisms. For example, RNA viruses generally have higher mutation rates than DNA viruses, allowing them to adapt quickly to evade the host's immune system. This increased adaptability can result in higher infection rates. Additionally, some RNA viruses encode their own enzymes to replicate their genomes, which can result in errors during replication and lead to generating new viral strains with increased infectivity.
However, there can be potential complications to this infection strategy. The high mutation rate of RNA viruses can also lead to the development of drug resistance, making it difficult to treat infections effectively. Furthermore, some RNA-based genomes may have a higher likelihood of recombination events, which can generate new viral strains with different virulence or host tropism, contributing to the potential complications of RNA-based infection strategies.
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What are the primary atoms that make up the scents that we smell? 2. is scent subjective? why or why not? 3. what are the two different theories of odor? what does turin argue is wrong with one of the theories? 4. how is science contributing to the creation of scented products and perfumes? 5. how are scents or fragrances used in cosmetology? why would a cosmetologist need to be aware of scents and fragrances?
Answer: seen below
Explanation:
1) The olfactory receptor can recognize and respond to different ordor, For humans, most odorant molecules are made up of combinations of 5 kinds of atoms: these are, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
2) yes, scent is subjective. This is because there is likely variation in people's sensitivity to odor or personal appreciation of different odors. Not everyone smells the same thing.
3) The two proposed theories for the mechanics of scent recognition are; vibration theory and shape theory which is also called the lock and key model. The main problem with one of Turin theories is that we can't currently predict odor character from vibration any better than we can from shape. That is we are still terrible at predicting ordor character from molecular structure.
4) Science has contributed to the creation of scented products and perfumes by having chemical Mixtures Tested in labs and addition of substances for smell.
5) Scents or fragrances are used in cosmetology as perfumes, lotions, shampoos, face washes, body cream, conditioners, etc. Cosmetologist need to be aware of scents and fragrances because if a perfume had a scent that did not smell right then no one would want to purchase their product.
1) The olfactory receptor can recognize and respond to different odor, For humans, most odorant molecules are made up of combinations of 5 kinds of atoms: these are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
2) Yes, scent is subjective it is because there is likely variation in people's sensitivity to odor or personal appreciation of different odors. Not everyone smells the same thing.
3) The two proposed theories for the mechanics of scent recognition are: vibration theory and shape theory which is also called the lock and key model. The main problem with one of Turin theories is that it can't currently predict odor character from vibration any better than we can from shape.
4) Science has contributed to the creation of scented products and perfumes by having chemical Mixtures tested in labs and addition of substances for smell.
5) Scents or fragrances are used in cosmetology as perfumes, lotions, shampoos, face washes, body cream, conditioners, etc.
Cosmetologist need to be aware of scents and fragrances because if a perfume had a scent that did not smell right then no one would want to purchase their product.
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The father of modern medicine, Hippocrates, described making a tea that was effective against fever by boiling willow bark. Years later, the active ingredient was isolated and chemically modified to produce the drug we now know as:
Answer:
Aspirin
Explanation:
A 25-year-old housewife presents to the clinic for evaluation of paralysis in her face. She has a history of an upper respiratory infection 2 weeks before the onset of these symptoms. She states that her face is drooping and that she is unable to close her eye. On physical examination you note that her forehead is smooth on the right side her palpebral fissure appears widened and her nasolabial fold appears flattened and she is drooling. Based on this information what is the most likely diagnosis?