Answer:
ΔSv = 0.1075 KJ/mol.K
Explanation:
Binary solution:
∴ a: solvent
∴ b: solute
in equilibrium:
μ*(g) = μ(l) = μ* +RTLnXa....chemical potential (μ)⇒ Ln (1 - Xb) = ΔG/RT
∴ ΔG = ΔHv - TΔSv
⇒ Ln(1 -Xb) = ΔHv/RT - ΔSv/R
∴ Xb → 0:
⇒ Ln(1) = ΔHv/RT - ΔSv/R
∴ T = T*b....normal boiling point
⇒ 0 = ΔHv/RT*b - ΔSv/R
⇒ ΔSv = (R)(ΔHv/RT*b)
⇒ ΔSv = ΔHv/T*b
∴ T*b = 80°C ≅ 353 K
⇒ ΔSv = (38 KJ/mol)/(353 K)
⇒ ΔSv = 0.1075 KJ/mol.K
How many moles of oxygen must be in a 10.0 L container to exert a pressure of
0.844 atm at a temperature of 25.0 °C?*
Answer:
0.345 mol
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by using the equation of state for an ideal gas, which is
[tex]pV=nRT[/tex]
where
p is the pressure of the gas
V is its volume
n is the number of moles
R is the gas constant
T is the absolute temperature of the gas
For the oxygen in this problem we have:
V = 10.0 L is the volume
p = 0.844 atm is the pressure
[tex]R=0.082 atm\cdot L/(mol \cdot K)[/tex] is the gas constant
[tex]T=25.0C+273=298 K[/tex] is the absolute temperature of the gas
Solving for n, we find the number of moles:
[tex]n=\frac{pV}{RT}=\frac{(0.844)(10.0)}{(0.082)(298)}=0.345 mol[/tex]
What is the concentration of a nitiric acid (HNO3) solution if 100.0ml of 0.50M NaOH are needed to neutralize 40.0ml of the nitric acid solution?
Answer 0,36 M
Hello!
The general chemical equation for the neutralization of an acid HA with NaOH is the following:
HA(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaA(aq) + H₂O(l)
For determining the concentration of the acid solution, we can use the equation shown below:
So, the concentration of the Acid is 0,36 M
Have a nice day
Explanation:
Which two processes commonly generate magma?
a. compression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)
b. decompression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)
c. compression melting and dry melting
d. decompression melting and dry melting
Answer: b. decompression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)
Explanation: Magma is a hot liquid made of melted minerals, these minerals can form crystals when they are cold.
There are two main mechanisms through which rocks melt at the mantle plumes are; decompression melting and flux melting.
1) Decompression melting takes place within Earth when a body of rock is held at approximately the same temperature but the pressure is reduced. In other words, If a rock that is hot enough to be close to its melting point is moved toward the surface, the pressure is reduced, and the rock can pass to the liquid side of its melting curve.
2) flux melting: this occurs when water and other volatile components ( e.g carbon dioxide) are introduced to hot solid rock, depressing the solidus enough to cause melting. In other words, if a rock is close to its melting point and some water ( which acts as a flux that promotes melting) is added to the rock, the melting temperature is reduced and partial melting starts.
A student has a 2.66 L bottle that contains a mixture of O2 , N2 , and CO2 with a total pressure of 4.50 bar at 298 K . She knows that the mixture contains 0.297 mol N2 and that the partial pressure of CO2 is 0.269 bar . Calculate the partial pressure of O2 .
Answer:
The partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.
Explanation:
Given:
Volume [tex]V = 2.66[/tex] L
Total pressure [tex]P_{} = 4.50[/tex] bar
Temperature of system [tex]T = 298[/tex] K
Moles of nitrogen [tex]n = 0.297[/tex] mole
Partial pressure [tex]P_{co_{2} } = 0.269[/tex] bar
From ideal gas equation,
[tex]PV = nRT[/tex]
Where [tex]R = 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \frac{L .bar}{K.mol}[/tex] = gas constant
First finding partial pressure of nitrogen
[tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{nRT}{V}[/tex]
[tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{0.297\times 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \times 298}{2.66}[/tex]
[tex]P_{N_{2} } = 2.766[/tex] bar
We know, total pressure is given by
[tex]P = P_{O_{2} } + P_{N_{2} } + P_{CO_{2} }[/tex]
[tex]P_{O_{2} } = 4.50 - 0.269 - 2.776[/tex]
[tex]P_{O_{2} } =1.455[/tex] bar
Therefore, the partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.
3.Which is the most likely reason why soil erosion can be a major problem? (10 Points) A. Soil contains expensive minerals. B. A region's agriculture can be destroyed if the soil erodes. C. Soil is a non-renewable resource. D. Dangerous, radioactive elements exist under the soil.
Soil erosion can be a major problem because it can destroy a region's agriculture.
Explanation:The most likely reason why soil erosion can be a major problem is because it can destroy a region's agriculture. When soil erodes, the top layer of fertile soil is washed or blown away, leaving behind less fertile soil or bare rock. This leads to a decrease in crop productivity and can have a significant impact on the livelihoods of farmers and the availability of food.
Soil erosion is considered a form of soil pollution, which can also lead to the loss of expensive minerals present in the soil. However, the major concern with soil erosion is its impact on agriculture.
Learn more about Soil erosion and agriculture here:https://brainly.com/question/28433323
#SPJ12
1. What is the temperature in °C if 1.32 moles of a gas that occupies.35 L at a
pressure of 1.06 atm?
-269.65 °C is the temperature in °C if 1.32 moles of a gas that occupies.35 L at a pressure of 1.06 atm.
Explanation:
Data given:
number of moles of the gas, n = 1.32
volume of the gas, V = 0.35 litres
pressure of the gas, P = 1.06 atm
temperature, T =?
R (gas constant) = 0.0821 L atm/mole K
Applying the equation for the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
rearranging the equation:
T = [tex]\frac{PV}{nR}[/tex]
putting the values in the equation:
T = [tex]\frac{0.35 X 1.06 }{0.0821 X 1.32}[/tex]
T = 3.5 K
since the unit of temperature obtained is in degrees the temperature in Kelvin is -269.65 degrees. As 0 Kelvin = -273.15 celsius
formula is K -273.15
So,
3.5 - 273.15
= -269.65 celsius
Multiple Choice:
After a metal object turns to dust (rust), it would have
high entropy
low entropy
no entropy
Question #9
Answer: High entropy.
Explanation
Which bicylic compounds are unstable at room temperature?
Answer:
the compounds are:
Chlorine Trifluoride (CLF3)
Substance N (another way to call CLF3)
Azido Azide Azide (C2N14)
Explanation:
The instability of the C2N14 is beyond our handling capabilities. Minor tests of load and friction led to explosive decomposition.
This is the most explosive compound known, ironically two nitrogen atoms linked with a triple covalent bond is the most stable molecule, but in the case of Azido Azide Azide none of its 14 nitrogen atoms is linked by a triple bond, which makes it very unstable.
Substance N in 1930 was a new compound was discovered by Ruff and Krug in Germany. It was too volatile, so it was ignored, until a few years after it sparked interest in Nazi scientists. They named the compound substance n and it showed very particular properties:
· Boils at room temperature and produces toxic gas
· If the gas is ignited it burns at more than 2,400 degrees Celsius
· Explodes on contact with water
· If combined with coal it forms an explosive that detonates on contact with anything else
Seeing these properties and that substance n was so good at setting fire to things that were not flammable like glass or sand the Germans decided to use it.
It is a colorless gas or a highly reactive white solid with a sweet, suffocating odor. It is transported as a greenish-yellow liquid.
It is used in rocket boosters and in the processing of fuels for atomic reactors.
Answer:
Explanation:
solution is stated in the attached document
PLEASE HURRY!!
Describing Global Warming
Which statement accurately describes global warming?
Global warming occurs only naturally on Earth.
Global warming occurs only when humans burn fossil fuels.
Global warming occurs naturally on Earth and is enhanced by human activities.
Answer:
The answer is Global warming occurs naturally on Earth and is enhanced by human activities.
Explanation:
let me know if you need any other help:)
Enumere por lo menos 5 objetos que antiguamente se hacían con otro material y en la actualidad se hacen con un polímero. Identifique de qué polímero se trata.
Translation: List at least 5 objects that were formerly made from another material and are now made from a polymer. Identify what polymer it is
Answer:
Five object now replaced with polymers
1) automobile body parts. (polypropylene, polyurethane and PVC)
2)TV cabinets. (polystyrene polymer)
3) composites for golf clubs. (carbon fibre reinforced polymer CFRP)
4) fibers for clothing and carpet. (acrylic and nylon)
5) foams for coffee cups (polystyrene)
Carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the chemical equation cs2(ℓ) + 3 o2(g) −→ co2(g) + 2 so2(g). if 1.25 mol of cs2 is combined with 0.57 mol of o2, identify the limiting reactant.
To find the limiting reactant between carbon disulfide and oxygen, one evaluates the stoichiometric requirements of the reaction. Given 1.25 mol CS2 and 0.57 mol O2, oxygen is determined to be the limiting reactant as it is insufficient to react with all the CS2.
Explanation:To determine the limiting reactant in the reaction between carbon disulfide (CS2) and oxygen (O2), where the products are carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), the stoichiometric ratios from the balanced equation must be considered. The balanced chemical equation is CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g).
Given: 1.25 mol of CS2 and 0.57 mol of O2. We should calculate the theoretical amount of O2 needed to completely react with 1.25 mol of CS2. According to the equation, 1 mol of CS2 requires 3 mol of O2. Thus, 1.25 mol of CS2 would require 3.75 mol of O2 (1.25 mol × 3 mol/mol = 3.75 mol). Since only 0.57 mol of O2 is available and 3.75 mol is needed, oxygen is the limiting reactant because there is not enough oxygen to completely react with all of the carbon disulfide present.
What type of reaction is
What causes asteroids meteoroids and comets to orbit the sun
Final answer:
Gravity causes asteroids, meteoroids, and comets to orbit the Sun. Comets, made of ice and dust, become visible near the Sun when ices evaporate, forming a coma and tail. Asteroids and meteoroids mostly remain in stable orbits unless they collide or are influenced by larger celestial bodies.
Explanation:
The force that causes asteroids, meteoroids, and comets to orbit the Sun is gravity. These celestial bodies are remnants from the processes that formed the solar system, mostly found in regions such as the asteroid belt or coming from the far reaches of the solar system, where they have long periods of orbit due to their massive distances from the Sun.
Comets are particularly notable because, as they get closer to the Sun, they display dramatic brightening. This is due to the evaporation of icy materials, forming a temporary atmosphere called the coma and a tail that always points away from the Sun because of the Sun's radiation pressure and solar wind.
For comets, when they approach the inner Solar System, the evaporation of ices, such as water, leads to the release of gas and dust, producing a visible tail and coma. Heavy solar radiation and solar wind create outward pressure that shapes these features. For asteroids and meteoroids, their movements are primarily governed by gravitational forces which dictate stable orbits around the Sun. As debris, they may collide and break apart, contributing to the material found in our solar system, including that which enters Earth's atmosphere as meteors.
can someone help me?
Answer:
oh sorry i cant but i might think the answer is adaptive but if not someone correct me and ill change this response hope that i could help
Explanation:
An ionic compound has a solubility of 30 g per 100 mL of water at room temperature. A solution containing 70 g of the compound in 300 mL of water at the same temperature is:
A. unsaturated.
B. saturated.
C. a suspension.
D. supersaturated.
Answer: A. unsaturated.
Explanation:
Unsaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.
Saturated solution is defined as the solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.
Supersaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more amount of solute particles is present than the solvent particles.
Given: Solubility = 30g/100ml
If 100 ml can dissolve ionic compound = 30 g
300 ml can dissolve ionic compound =[tex]\frac{30}{100}\times 300=90g[/tex]
Thus solubility is 90g/300 ml and dissolved salt is only 70 g , the solution is said to be unsaturated.
Final answer:
When 70 g of an ionic compound is dissolved in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g required to saturate it, the solution is considered unsaturated.
Explanation:
The solubility of an ionic compound is given as 30 g per 100 mL of water at room temperature. If a solution contains 70 g of the compound in 300 mL of water at the same temperature, we need to determine whether the solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated.
To do this, we calculate the amount of compound that would saturate 300 mL of water, which would be 3 times the solubility in 100 mL of water:
30 g/100 mL x 3 = 90 g/300 mL
Since the solution has only 70 g in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g needed to saturate it, the solution is unsaturated.
A molecule containing a central atom with sp hybridization has a(n) ________ electron geometry. A molecule containing a central atom with sp hybridization has a(n) ________ electron geometry. square planar trigonal pyramidal octahedral linear bent
Answer:
Linear electron geometry.
Explanation:
There is classification of the geometrical shapes of the molecule or electrons according to the hybridization status of the central atom. If the central atom is 'sp hybridized' then the molecular geometry should be linear. All the other options are for sp2 and sp3 hybridization.
how many molecules are in 4.5 moles of H2O?
Answer:
There would be around 2.7*10^24 molecules.
Explanation:
You have to multiply the amount of moles by Avogadro's number to get amount of molecules.
The statement for the number of molecules are contained in hydrogen gas "27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules."
What is a molecule?Chemical bonds hold two or more atoms together in a molecule. If they have more than single atom, the atoms can be the same (for example, an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).
1 mole of water will be of 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O
Then,
= 4.5 mol × 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules
= 27.099 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O
≈ 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O
As a result, 4.5 moles of water contains 3.01 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules
Hence, the correct option is 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules.
Learn more about molecules here
https://brainly.com/question/19922822.
#SPJ2
The nuclear charge an electron actually experiences is called the ___ nuclear charge (Zeff). This charge is always ___ than the actual nuclear charge since in many-electron systems the electrons ___ each other from the nucleus.
Answer:
1. Effective nuclear charge (Zeff)
2. Less
3. Shield
Explanation:
The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) is defined as the nuclear charge that is experienced by an electron of an atom having atomic number > 1.
The effective nuclear charge experienced by a given electron is always less than the actual nuclear charge of the nucleus of the atom. This is because of the shielding effect of the inner electrons of the atom.
The shielding effect is defined as the shielding of an electron from the positive nuclear charge of the nucleus by the inner electrons of an atom.
Therefore, the outer electrons of an polyelectronic atom are shielded by the inner electrons from the nuclear charge of the nucleus.
The nuclear charge an electron actually experiences is called the effective nuclear charge [tex](Z_{eff})[/tex]. This charge is always less than the actual nuclear charge since in many-electron systems the electrons shield each other from the nucleus.
In atomic theory, the effective nuclear charge, often denoted as [tex]Z_{eff}[/tex], is the net positive charge experienced by an electron in an atom. The actual nuclear charge, Z, is simply the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. However, in atoms with more than one electron, the inner electrons provide a shielding effect that reduces the nuclear charge felt by the outer electrons. This is because the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus, and they tend to congregate between the nucleus and the outer electrons, thus reducing the nuclear charge experienced by the outer electrons.
The degree of shielding depends on the electron configuration of the atom. Electrons in the same shell do not shield each other effectively, but electrons in inner shells can significantly reduce the effective nuclear charge for electrons in outer shells. This is why [tex]Z_{eff}[/tex] is always less than Z for atoms with more than one electron.
The relationship between [tex]Z_{eff}[/tex] and Z can be expressed as:
[tex]\[ Z_{\text{eff}} = Z - \sigma \][/tex]
where [tex]\(\sigma\)[/tex] represents the shielding constant, which accounts for the reduction in nuclear charge due to electron-electron shielding
In summary, the effective nuclear charge [tex](Z_{eff})[/tex] is the actual nuclear charge (Z) minus the shielding by the inner electrons, and it is a crucial factor in determining the size, energy, and reactivity of atoms and ions.
1 point
8. Alex notices a small spot of fungus growing on an orange in the back of his refrigerator.
He doesn't eat the orange. He looks at the orange again a week later. Which of these is the
most likely to observe? *
OThe fungus has gone away.
OThe fungus has not changed.
OThe fungus has grown larger.
Answer:
The fungus has grown larger
Explanation:
Because where the orange is in the fridge and even normally you out oranges on the counter or in a bowl, where it's in the fridge it got old faster.
Help me plsssssssssssssssssss
Answer:
Indoplasmic reticulum:Trasport nutriens from one part of the cell to the other.
Golgi body:Collect simple chemicals in the cell and assembles them into large,complex structures such as proteins.
Mitochondrion:Responsible for generating energy for the cell using a variety of substances.
Ribosome:Act as a site for protein synthesis.
A mixture of H2 and water vapor is present in a closed vessel at 20°C. The total pressure of the system is 755.0 mmHg.
Partial pressure of water vapor at 20°C equals 17.5 mmHg.
What is the partial pressure of H2?
The partial pressure of H2 in a closed vessel at 20°C, when the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of water vapor is 17.5 mmHg, is 737.5 mmHg.
Explanation:The total pressure of the system is a combination of the pressures from the individual gases within it - in this case, hydrogen (H2) and water vapor. According to Dalton's Law of partial pressures, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures.
Given that the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of the water vapor is 17.5 mmHg at 20°C, we can calculate the partial pressure of H2 by subtracting the pressure of the water vapor from the total pressure. Therefore, the partial pressure of H2 is 755.0 mmHg - 17.5 mmHg = 737.5 mmHg.
Learn more about Partial pressure here:https://brainly.com/question/31214700
#SPJ12
how many liters of hydrogen gas will be produced at STP from the reaction of 7.179×10^23 atoms of magnesium with 54.219g of phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
The equation is 3Mg + 2H3(PO4)-->Mg(PO4)2+3H2
Answer: The volume of hydrogen gas produced will be, 12.4 L
Explanation : Given,
Mass of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] = 54.219 g
Number of atoms of [tex]Mg[/tex] = [tex]7.179\times 10^{23}[/tex]
Molar mass of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] = 98 g/mol
First we have to calculate the moles of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] and [tex]Mg[/tex].
[tex]\text{Moles of }H_3PO_4=\frac{\text{Given mass }H_3PO_4}{\text{Molar mass }H_3PO_4}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of }H_3PO_4=\frac{54.219g}{98g/mol}=0.553mol[/tex]
and,
[tex]\text{Moles of }Mg=\frac{7.179\times 10^{23}}{6.022\times 10^{23}}=1.19mol[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.
The balanced chemical equation is:
[tex]3Mg+2H_3PO_4\rightarrow Mg(PO_4)_2+3H_2[/tex]
From the balanced reaction we conclude that
As, 3 mole of [tex]Mg[/tex] react with 2 mole of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex]
So, 0.553 moles of [tex]Mg[/tex] react with [tex]\frac{2}{3}\times 0.553=0.369[/tex] moles of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex]
From this we conclude that, [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and [tex]Mg[/tex] is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.
Now we have to calculate the moles of [tex]H_2[/tex]
From the reaction, we conclude that
As, 3 mole of [tex]Mg[/tex] react to give 3 mole of [tex]H_2[/tex]
So, 0.553 mole of [tex]Mg[/tex] react to give 0.553 mole of [tex]H_2[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the volume of [tex]H_2[/tex] gas at STP.
As we know that, 1 mole of substance occupies 22.4 L volume of gas.
As, 1 mole of hydrogen gas occupies 22.4 L volume of hydrogen gas
So, 0.553 mole of hydrogen gas occupies [tex]0.553\times 22.4=12.4L[/tex] volume of hydrogen gas
Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced will be, 12.4 L
A gas cylinder contains 2.0 mol of gas X and 6.0 mol of gas Y at a total pressure of 2.1 atm. What is the partial pressure of gas Y? Use StartFraction P subscript A over P subscript T EndFraction equals StartFraction n subscript a over n subscript T EndFraction..
Answer : The partial pressure of X and Y gases are, 0.525 and 1.575 atm respectively.
Explanation : Given,
Moles of X = 2.0 mole
Moles of Y = 6.0 mole
Total pressure = 2.1 atm
Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of X and Y.
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }X=\frac{\text{Moles of }X}{\text{Moles of }X+\text{Moles of }Y}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }X=\frac{2.0}{2.0+6.0}=0.25[/tex]
and,
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }Y=\frac{\text{Moles of }Y}{\text{Moles of }X+\text{Moles of }Y}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }Y=\frac{6.0}{2.0+6.0}=0.75[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the partial pressure of X and Y.
According to the Raoult's law,
[tex]p_i=X_i\times p_T[/tex]
where,
[tex]p_i[/tex] = partial pressure of gas
[tex]p_T[/tex] = total pressure of gas = 2.1 atm
[tex]X_i[/tex] = mole fraction of gas
[tex]p_{X}=X_{(X)}\times p_T[/tex]
[tex]p_{X}=0.25\times 2.1atm=0.525atm[/tex]
and,
[tex]p_{Y}=X_{(Y)}\times p_T[/tex]
[tex]p_{Y}=0.75\times 2.1atm=1.575atm[/tex]
Thus, the partial pressure of X and Y gases are, 0.525 and 1.575 atm respectively.
Answer:
1.6 is the answer
Explanation:
Classify the carbohydrate tagatose by both the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms. There is a Fischer projection for D-tagatose. The carbon chain is depicted vertically, with a CH2OH group bonded to a CO group at the top and a CH2OH group at the bottom, while the three remaining carbon atoms are represented by the center of crossing lines. The tagatose molecule has all hydroxyls but the third one (from top to bottom) on the left and hydrogens opposite to them.
Final answer:
Tagatose is a ketohexose, a type of carbohydrate with a ketone group in the middle of its six-carbon chain and considered to be a D-sugar due its hydroxyl group orientation on the fifth carbon.
Explanation:
The carbohydrate tagatose can be classified by both the type of carbonyl group present and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Since tagatose has a carbonyl group in the middle of the carbon chain, it is classified as a ketose. Furthermore, because tagatose has six carbon atoms, it is called a hexose.
In the Fischer projection of D-tagatose, the presence of the carbonyl group linked to two other carbon atoms indicates that it is a ketonic sugar, hence a ketose. Additionally, since the molecule is a six-carbon sugar, it can further be categorized as a hexose. The D- configuration designation comes from the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the fifth carbon, and in the case of D-tagatose, this group is positioned on the right, confirming its D-configuration.
Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + MgCl2 (aq)
A:
Moles Mg: 0.050
Moles HCl: 0.050
Mass of Hydrogen gas and the limiting reactant
Mass of hydrogen gas formed from the given reaction is 0.05 grams and the limiting reactant is HCl.
Explanation:
Data given:
moles of Mg = 0.050 moles
moles of HCl = 0.050 moles
mass of hydrogen gas formed =?
atomic mass of hydrogen gas = 2 grams/mole
limiting reactant = ?
Balanced chemical equation is given by:
Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + Mg[tex]Cl_{2}[/tex] (aq)
from the reaction let us deduce the limiting reagent as
1 mole of Mg gave 1 mole of hydrogen gas
0.050 moles will give 0.050 moles of hydrogen gas
mass of hydrogen gas = atomic mass x number of moles
mass of hydrogen gas = 2 x 0.050
= 0.1 grams of hydrogen gas produced.
Now from 2 moles of HCl 1 mole of hydrogen gas is formed
so, 0.050 moles of HCl will give x moles of hydrogen gas
[tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x}{0.050}[/tex]
2x = 0.050
x = 0.025 moles
mass of hydrogen gas = atomic mass x number of moles
mass of hydrogen gas = 0.025 x 2
= 0.05 grams
mass = atomic mass x number of moles
The limiting reactant is HCl as it produced less amount of product after getting fully consumed in the reaction.
the product formed depends on the limiting reagent and the value is 0.05 grams.
Final answer:
To determine the mass of hydrogen gas and the limiting reactant in the given reaction, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.
Explanation:
The reaction given is:
Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + MgCl2 (aq)
To determine the mass of hydrogen gas produced and the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.
Moles of Mg = 0.050 mol
Moles of HCl = 0.050 mol
Since the reaction ratio is 1:1 between Mg and H2, the moles of H2 produced is also 0.050 mol. To calculate the mass of hydrogen gas, we can use the molar mass of H2 which is 2 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of hydrogen gas produced is:
Mass of H2 = Moles of H2 × Molar mass of H2 = 0.050 mol × 2 g/mol = 0.100 g
The limiting reactant is the reactant that is fully consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed. In this case, since both Mg and HCl have the same number of moles and both are fully consumed, neither is the limiting reactant.
The main active components of bleach and many other household cleaners are
salts.
neutral.
acids.
bases.
Bases are the active components of household cleaners because of their cleansing ability.
What are active components if substances?Active components of substances refers to those components upon which the activity or characteristics of a substance depends.
Cleansing agents are substances which are able to remove grease and stains off surfaces or materials.
Cleansing agents include:
bleach detergents soapsThe active component of cleaning agents are bases because of their cleansing ability.
Learn more about cleaning agents at: https://brainly.com/question/4673804
The main active components of bleach and many other household cleaners are bases. Therefore, option D is correct.
What is bleach?Bleach is a chemical solution that is commonly used as a whitening or cleaning agent. It is a strong oxidizing agent that is able to remove or lighten color from a variety of materials, including fabrics, hair, and even teeth.
Bleach is typically made up of sodium hypochlorite, which is a strong base. It can break down organic matter and oxidize substances. It is usually used in household cleaning products, such as laundry detergents and surface cleaners.
While bleach can be effective at cleaning and disinfecting, it is important to use it carefully and according to instructions, as it can be harmful if ingested or used incorrectly. Thus, option D is correct.
Learn more about bleach, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29442556
#SPJ5
A student performs the following procedure:
Procedure
1. Measure 25 grams of an unknown solid.
2. Measure 200 grams of water.
3. Pour the unknown solid and water into beaker, which weighs 50 grams.
4. Stir the solution.
The student records the following observation:
Observation
About half of the unknown solid dissolves and the other half settles to the bottom of the beaker.
Part A:
The student calculated the combined weight of the unknown solid and the water to be 275 grams. Describe the mistake the student made in this calculation.
Part B:
Describe how stirring the solution will affect the total amount of matter in this investigation.
Answer:
3. Pour the unknown solid and water into beaker, which weighs 50 grams.
A vessel containing Ne(g) and Ar(g) has a total pressure of 9.78. If the partial pressure of the Neon (PNe) is 3.78 and the partial pressure of the Argon (PAr) is 6, then the mole-fraction of Ne(g) is _______ and the mole-fraction of Ar(g) is ________.
To calculate the mole-fraction of Neon and Argon in a mixture, divide the partial pressure of each gas by the total pressure.
The mole-fraction can be calculated using the equation:
mole-fraction = partial pressure of the component / total pressure
For Neon (Ne):
mole-fraction of Ne = PNe / total pressure = 3.78 / 9.78
For Argon (Ar):
mole-fraction of Ar = PAr / total pressure = 6 / 9.78
Learn more about Mole-fraction here:https://brainly.com/question/32831131
#SPJ3
A vessel containing Ne(g) and Ar(g) has a total pressure of 9.78. If the partial pressure of the Neon (PNe) is 3.78 and the partial pressure of the Argon (PAr) is 6, then the mole-fraction of Ne(g) is 0.3865 and the mole-fraction of Ar(g) is 0.6135.
The mole fraction of a gas in a mixture can be calculated using the ratio of its partial pressure to the total pressure.
Given data:
- Total pressure, [tex]\( P_{\text{total}} \)[/tex] = 9.78 atm
- Partial pressure of Neon, [tex]\( P_{\text{Ne}} \)[/tex] = 3.78 atm
- Partial pressure of Argon, [tex]\( P_{\text{Ar}} \)[/tex] = 6.00 atm
Mole fraction of Neon [tex](\( X_{\text{Ne}} \))[/tex]:
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ne}} = \frac{P_{\text{Ne}}}{P_{\text{total}}}\][/tex]
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ne}} = \frac{3.78 \, \text{atm}}{9.78 \, \text{atm}}\][/tex]
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ne}} = 0.3865\][/tex]
Mole fraction of Argon [tex](\( X_{\text{Ar}} \))[/tex]:
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ar}} = \frac{P_{\text{Ar}}}{P_{\text{total}}}\][/tex]
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ar}} = \frac{6.00 \, \text{atm}}{9.78 \, \text{atm}}\][/tex]
[tex]\[X_{\text{Ar}} = 0.6135\][/tex]
A voltaic cell is constructed with two silver-silver chloride electrodes, each of which is based on the following half-reaction: AgCl(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Cl−(aq). The two cell compartments have [Cl−]= 1.51×10−2 M and [Cl−]= 2.90 M , respectively. A) Which electrode is the cathode of the cell?B) What is the standard emf of the cell?C) What is the cell emf for the concentrations given?D) For the anode compartment, predict whether [Cl−] will increase, decrease, or stay the same as the cell operates.E) For the cathode compartment, predict whether [Cl−] will increase, decrease, or stay the same as the cell operates.
In this voltaic cell, the cathode is the electrode with less Cl- concentration, and the Cl- concentration will remain constant during the operation of the cell. The anode will have the higher Cl- concentration and will increase during cell operation. The standard emf will be zero, but the actual emf can be calculated using the Nernst equation.
Explanation:In a voltaic cell with two silver-silver chloride electrodes, the half-reaction given is: AgCl(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Cl−(aq). The electrode with the higher concentration of Cl- ions (2.90 M) will function as the anode, where oxidation occurs and [Cl−] will increase. Conversely, the electrode with the lesser concentration of Cl- ions (1.51×10−2 M) will act as the cathode, where reduction takes place and [Cl−] will stay the same as the cell operates.
The standard emf of the cell would be zero, because the anode and cathode are made of the same material, and thus have the same reduction potential. The cell emf however can be calculated using the Nernst equation, where the cell's emf will shift from the standard emf based on the natural logarithm of the quotient of reactants over products.
Learn more about Voltaic Cell Operation here:https://brainly.com/question/1382341
#SPJ12
in a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?
This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.
Nitroglycerine (C₃H₅N₃O₉) explodes with tremendous force due to the numerous gaseous products. The equation for the explosion of Nitroglycerine is:
[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]
A scientist conducts an experiment to characterize a bomb containing nitroglycerine. She uses a steel, ridge container for the test.
Volume of rigid steel container: 1.00 L
Molar mass of Nitroglycerine: 227 g/mol
Temperature: 300 K
Amount of Nitroglycerine tested: 227 g
Value for ideal gas constant, R: 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K
In a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?
Answer : The partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of }C_3H_5N_3O_9=\frac{\text{Given mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}{\text{Molar mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}=\frac{227g}{227g/mol}=1mol[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the moles of [tex]CO_2,O_2,N_2\text{ and }H_2O[/tex]
The balanced chemical reaction is:
[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]
From the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that,
As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 12 moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]
So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{12}{4}=3[/tex] moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]
and,
As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 1 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]
So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{1}{4}=0.25[/tex] moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]
and,
As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 6 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]
So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{6}{4}=1.5[/tex] moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]
and,
As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 10 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]
So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{10}{4}=2.5[/tex] moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of water.
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Moles of }H_2O}{\text{Moles of }H_2O+\text{Moles of }CO_2+\text{Moles of }O_2+\text{Moles of }N_2}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{2.5}{2.5+3+0.25+1.5}=0.345[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the partial pressure of the water vapor.
According to the Raoult's law,
[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]
where,
[tex]p_{H_2O}[/tex] = partial pressure of water vapor gas = ?
[tex]p_T[/tex] = total pressure of gas = 58 atm
[tex]X_{H_2O}[/tex] = mole fraction of water vapor gas = 0.345
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]
[tex]p_{H_2O}=0.345\times 58atm=20.01atm[/tex]
Therefore, the partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm
The partial pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture, depends on the mole
fraction of the gas and the pressure exerted by the mixture.
The partial pressure of H₂O is 20 atm.
Reasons:
Given parameters are;
Explosion equation is 4C₃H₅N₃O₉ → 12CO₂(g) + O₂(g) + 6N₂(g) + 10H₂O(g)
Amount of nitroglycerine = 227 g
Molar mass of nitroglycerine = 227 g/mol
Required:
Partial pressure of the water vapor
Solution:
Number of moles of nitroglycerine in the reaction = 1 mole
Therefore;
Number of moles of CO₂ = 12/4 = 3 moles
Number of moles of O₂ = 0.25 moles
Number of nitrogen, N = 1.5 moles
Number of moles of H₂O = 2.5 moles
[tex]Mole \ fraction \ of \ H_2O, \ X_{H_2O} = \dfrac{2.5}{2.5 + 1.5 + 0.25 + 3} = \dfrac{10}{29}[/tex]
According to Raoults law, we have;
The partial pressure of H₂O = [tex]X_{H_2O} \times P_[/tex]
Therefore, partial pressure of H₂O = [tex]\dfrac{10}{29} \times 58[/tex] = 20 atm.
Learn more here:
https://brainly.com/question/10165688