The pressure of a refrigerant cylinder containing saturated refrigerant is primarily determined by the temperature and the density of the refrigerant, according to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Other factors include the vaporization-condensation equilibrium and the sum of hydrostatic and atmospheric pressures.
Explanation:The pressure of a refrigerant cylinder containing saturated refrigerant is determined by several factors, but primarily by the temperature and the density of the refrigerant. This is according to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which describes the relationship between a substance's vapor pressure and its temperature.
In scenarios involving supercritical fluids, such as a sample of water in a sealed container at a specific temperature, the pressure is determined by the vaporization-condensation equilibrium. This leaves us with a mixture of liquid and vapor, and a distinct pressure determined by the dense liquid and the less dense gas.
In addition, the pressure of a gas (assuming it behaves ideally) is also influenced by the hydrostatic pressure in the cylinder plus both the pressure of the vapour (due to vapor pressure of water) and the atmospheric pressure. An example would be a gas exerting pressure in a column of mercury, where the total pressure is the sum of the hydrostatic pressure due to the column of mercury and atmospheric pressure.
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what is the mass of a 1.00cm3 piece of iron having a density of 7.90g/cm3
Answer:
Mass of iron = 7.90 g
Explanation:
Given:
Volume of iron, V = 1.00 cm3
Density of iron, D = 7.90 g/cm3
To determine:
Mass of iron, M
Explanation:
Density of a substance is the mass occupied by it in a given volume
I.e. [tex]Density = \frac{Mass}{Volume}[/tex]
[tex]Mass = Density*Volume[/tex]
For the given piece of iron:
[tex]Mass = 7.90 g/cm3 * 1.00 cm3 = 7.90 g[/tex]
acids increase the concentration of __________ in a solution
A. hydroxide
B. hydronium
C. chloride
A hydrocarbon that includes a triple covalent bond is classified as _____.
Hydrocarbons with triple bonds are classified
as Alkynes.
Alkynes have one or more triple bonds between two Carbon atoms but the general formula is CnH2n-2. One is σ bond and rests
are π bonds. Hence, alkynes are called as unsaturated hydrocarbons.
When only one pair of shared electrons is involved in a covalent bond, the linkage is called a ________ bond. triple double single resonant?
Cranberries and grapes may have therapeutic value. A cranberry company obtained the patent for a process to extract the oil from cranberry seeds. According to the patent, this oil can be used to treat breast cancer or to reduce its incidence. The oil can be used in drinks and foods. A grape juice company claims to have evidence that certain grapes have health benefits ranging from improving cardiovascular health to improving cognitive brain function in the elderly. These claims will be tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before the companies are allowed to market their products for “treating” ailments or “improving” health. Until then, the companies can describe that their products “help to maintain” or “support” health. Until studies support their claims, the companies cannot ascribe direct health benefits to their products.
Why would the FDA perform tests when a cranberry company and a grape company have already conducted research on the same products?
A. The FDA is the only organization that can test if health actually improves.
B. Tests that are performed by any company which benefits financially are considered unreliable.
C. The FDA tests give reliability to the results of improved health obtained by each company.
D. Tests performed by the FDA follow established scientific methods, but those performed by companies do not.
Answer is: C. The FDA tests give reliability to the results of improved health obtained by each company.
The FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
The FDA controls food safety, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription, pharmaceutical drugs, vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices, cosmetics and animal food.
What binary compound would be formed from barium ions and fluoride ions?
How many moles of h2so4 are needed to neutralize 1.56 moles of koh?
A 10.00L sample of gas has a mass of 11.92g at stp. What is the molar mass of the gas?
Where –
P = Pressure in atmV = Volume in Ln = moles R = Ideal gas law constant T = Temperature in Kw = Given MassM = Molar MassNow, according to the question –
w =11.92 g V = 10 L P = 1 atmT = 273 KR = 0.0821 atm L/ mol KCalculation –
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\pink{\twoheadrightarrow\bf PV = nRT}[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\pink{\twoheadrightarrow\bf PV = \dfrac{w}{M}\times RT}[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf\dfrac{w}{M} = \dfrac{PV}{RT}[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf \dfrac{M}{w} = \dfrac{RT}{PV}[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf M = \dfrac{RT}{PV}\times w[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf M = \dfrac{0.0821 \times 273 }{1 \times 10 } \times 11.92 [/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf M = \dfrac{22.4}{10} \times 11.92[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf M = 2.24\times 11.92[/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\twoheadrightarrow\sf M = 26.7 [/tex]
[tex]\qquad[/tex] [tex]\pink{\twoheadrightarrow\bf M = 26.7\: g}[/tex]
Henceforth, Molar Mass is 26.7 g_______________________________________
Do most exothermic reactions have a negative or positive change in gibbs energy
When doing the systematic treatment of equilibrium for a strong acid is oh?
Which volume, in cm3 , of 0.20 mol dm-3 naoh (aq) is needed to neutralize 0.050 mol of h2s (g)? h2s (g) + 2naoh (aq) → na2s (aq) + 2h2o (l)?
What is the mass of aluminum metal that releases 22.4 l of hydrogen gas at stp from hydrochloric acid? __al(s) + __hcl(aq) → __alcl3(aq) + __h2(g) 18.0 g 81.0 g 9.00 g 40.5 g 27.0 g?
A solution is prepared by dissolving 27.7 g of cacl2 in 375 g of water. the density of the resulting solution is 1.05 g/ml. the concentration of cacl2 is __________% by mass.
The concentration of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}[/tex] is [tex]\boxed{6.88\;\%}[/tex] by mass.
Further Explanation:
The proportion of substance in the mixture is called concentration. The most commonly used concentration terms are as follows:
1. Molarity (M)
2. Molality (m)
3. Mole fraction (X)
4. Parts per million (ppm)
5. Mass percent ((w/w) %)
6. Volume percent ((v/v) %)
Mass percent:
It is the ratio of the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100.
The formula to calculate the mass percent of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex] is as follows:
[tex]{\text{Mass}}\;{\text{percent of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2} = \left( {\frac{{{\text{Mass of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}}}{{{\text{Mass of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}\;{\text{solution}}}}} \right)\left( {100} \right)[/tex] …… (1)
The formula to calculate the mass of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex] solution is as follows:
[tex]{\text{Mass of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ solution}} = {\text{Mass of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}} + {\text{Mass of water}}[/tex] …… (2)
The mass of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex] is 27.7 g.
The mass of water is 375 g.
Substitute these values in equation (2).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Mass of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ solution}}&=27.7{\text{ g}}+{\text{375 g}}\\&={\text{402}}{\text{.7 g}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The mass of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex] is 27.7 g.
The mass of [tex]{\text{CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex]solution is 402.7 g.
Substitute these values in equation (1).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Mass}}\;{\text{percent of CaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}&=\left( {\frac{{{\text{27}}{\text{.7 g}}}}{{{\text{402}}{\text{.7 g}}}}} \right)\left( {100} \right)\\&=6.8785\;\%\\&\approx 6.8{\text{8 \% }}\\\end{aligend}[/tex]
Therefore the mass percent of [tex]{\mathbf{CaC}}{{\mathbf{l}}_{\mathbf{2}}}[/tex] is 6.88 %.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Concentration terms
Keywords: mass percent, 6.88 %, mass of CaCl2, mass of water, mass of CaCl2, concentration, CaCl2, 27.7 g, 375 g, 402.7 g.
Final answer:
The concentration of CaCl2 in the solution is approximately 6.88% by mass.
Explanation:
The concentration of a solution is usually expressed as a percent by mass. In order to calculate this, we need to determine the mass of the solute (CaCl2) and the mass of the solution (cacl2 + water).
Given that 27.7g of CaCl2 is dissolved in 375g of water, the total mass of the solution would be 27.7g + 375g = 402.7g.
The concentration of CaCl2 is then calculated by dividing the mass of CaCl2 by the mass of the solution and multiplying by 100%: (27.7g / 402.7g) x 100% ≈ 6.88%.
Which compound contains a triple bond?
A compound with a triple bond, like acetylene, is a molecule where three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. Acetylene contains a triple bond between its two carbon atoms. These bonds are strong, robust, and render unique properties to the compound.
Explanation:A compound that contains a triple bond is a molecule in which three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, making it a very strong connection. An example of such a compound is acetylene (C2H2), which contains a triple bond between the two carbon atoms. The presence of triple bonds results in substances with unique properties when compared to compounds with only single or double bonds.
The triple bond in acetylene is formed by one sigma bond and two pi bonds. This means that acetylene is a more robust compound because of the strength of the triple bond. Additionally, molecules with triple bonds often have interesting chemical reactivities which make them important in various fields such as organic chemistry or industrial synthesis.
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What is the molecular geometry about nitrogen in ch3nh2?
Methylamine is widely used in the making of pharmaceuticals, surfactants, and rubber chemicals. The lewis structure of methylamine determined the presence of lone pairs on nitrogen and have a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Methylamine is an organic molecule, in which one methyl group (CH3) and one amine group (NH3) are present.
The given below in the attachment is the lewis dot structure of methylamine.
The lewis dot structure is based on the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR). According to this theory:
The central atom carbon has four valence electrons, out of which three are bonded with Hydrogen (H) and one with Nitrogen (N). Similarly, the methylamine also has four electron pairs, out of which three are bonded and one is lone pair. The presence of lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen will create a greater repulsion effect than bonding pairs. Thus, the bond length of H-N-H will be decreased due to lone pairs, the angle will decrease from 109-degrees to 107-degrees. This, decrease in the angle will result in the shape of trigonal pyramidal geometry of the amine group in methylamine.Therefore, amine group will have trigonal pyramidal geomtery.
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what is the maximum number of grams of silver phosphate that can be produced from the reaction of 287g of silver chlorate with 52.8g of sodium phosphate?
3 Ag(ClO3) + Na3(PO4) —> 3 Na(ClO3) + Ag3(PO4)
Final answer:
The maximum number of grams of silver phosphate that can be produced from 287g of silver chlorate and 52.8g of sodium phosphate is 134.78 grams, determined through stoichiometry and the identification of the limiting reactant.
Explanation:
To determine the maximum number of grams of silver phosphate that can be produced from the reaction of 287g of silver chlorate with 52.8g of sodium phosphate, we first need to calculate the moles of each reactant using their molar masses.
For silver chlorate, Ag(ClO3), its molar mass is approximately 235.77 g/mol. Therefore, 287g represents about 1.217 moles of Ag(ClO3).
For sodium phosphate, Na3PO4, its molar mass is approximately 163.94 g/mol. Therefore, 52.8g represents about 0.322 moles of Na3PO4.
According to the balanced chemical equation, 3 moles of Ag(ClO3) react with 1 mole of Na3PO4 to produce Ag3PO4. We can see that sodium phosphate is the limiting reactant because it will run out first. Using stoichiometry, 0.322 moles of Na3PO4 will produce an equal amount of moles of Ag3PO4.
To find out the mass of Ag3PO4 produced, we convert the moles back to grams using the molar mass of Ag3PO4 (418.58 g/mol). Hence, 0.322 moles of Ag3PO4 corresponds to approximately 134.78 grams of Ag3PO4.
This means the maximum mass of silver phosphate that can be produced from the given amounts of reactants is 134.78 grams.
Determine the empirical formula of a compound containing 22.6% nitrogen and 77.4% oxygen
What is the mass of a 720-mL sample of ClF3 at 735 torr and 43 °C?
Know how you would determine the percent yield of a reaction if you have the given amount of the reactants and the amount of the product actually collected in the lab.
Study the following two reactions. Select all that apply.
C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 94.05 kcal
C(diamond) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 94.50 kcal
What could you infer from the information given above?
a The enthalpy of CO2 is greater than the reactants.
b E2 - E1 is negative.
c Graphite and diamond have equal enthalpy.
d Diamond must have lower internal energy.
Answer:
Option B only
Explanation:
First to all, we have the same reaction in both equations, the difference between the two of them, is the fact one is Carbon in the form of graphite, and the other is carbon in the form of diamond.
Now, both reactions release energy in the form of heat, and it appears in the side of the products, this means that both reactions are exothermic (An exothermic reaction is when energy is released as product in the equation).
If energy is released in the reaction, (Which is enthalpy), this value is negative. As this value is negative, means that the internal energy of CO2 has to be lower than the energy of the reactants, so, option A can be discarted.
If we do E2 - E1:
-94.5 - (-94.05) = -0.45 kcal
Therefore, option B is correct.
As we can see the energy released in both equations, is different for both, so, graphite and diamond do not have equal enthalpy.
Finally, as the combustion of diamond releases more energy that the combustion of graphite (94.5 > 94.05), means that diamond has a higher internal energy than graphite. and Option D can be discarted.
What is the ionic form of this unbalanced equation? mno2 + hno2 → mn(no3)2 + h2o?
How to find the density of a liquid given only volume and molecular weight?
The more kinetic energy there is an a sample of matter, the-
A.more energy is absorbed as heat
B.more energy is given off as heat
C.Lower the temperature
D.higher the temperature
The more kinetic energy there is an a sample of matter, the higher the temperature.
What is kinetic molecular theory?Average kinetic molecular theory states that kinetic energy of any sample of gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of that sample.
More kinetic energy means more energy is absorbed as heat is wrong.More kinetic energy means more energy is given off as heat is also wrong.More kinetic energy will lower the temperature is also incorrect.To know more about kinetic theory, visit the below link:
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The correct answer is D. higher the temperature.
The kinetic energy of a sample of matter is directly related to its temperature. As the kinetic energy of the particles in a substance increases, the temperature of the substance also increases. This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Therefore, if there is more kinetic energy in a sample of matter, the temperature will be higher.
Here's the logic behind the relationship between kinetic energy and temperature:
When particles in a substance move faster, they have more kinetic energy.
The faster movement of particles leads to more frequent and more energetic collisions between particles.
These more energetic collisions result in a greater transfer of energy when the substance comes into contact with another substance, which we perceive as a higher temperature.
The other incorrect options are:
A. more energy is absorbed as heat: This option is incorrect because the statement refers to the absorption of energy, which is not directly related to the kinetic energy already present in the sample.
B. more energy is given off as heat: This option is incorrect because it suggests that the sample is losing energy, which would lead to a decrease in temperature, not an increase.
C. Lower the temperature: This option is incorrect because it directly contradicts the relationship between kinetic energy and temperature; more kinetic energy means a higher temperature, not a lower one.
Which of the following is not a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory? A. Gas particles have a high force of attraction to one another or to the walls of the container. B. The distance between gas particles is much larger than the size of the particles themselves. C. Gas particles will always travel in a straight line until they hit a container wall or another gas particle. D. Gases are made up of particles that act like little, hard spheres that are always moving in a random fashion.
Which substance is an electrolyte? A) O2 B) Xe C) C3H8 D) KNO3
KNO3 (potassium nitrate) is the substance that is an electrolyte among the given options because it dissolves in water to form ions, which allows it to conduct electricity.
The question asks which substance is an electrolyte from the options provided. An electrolyte is a substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water, thereby conducting electricity. Among the options given:
O2 (oxygen) and Xe (xenon) are noble gases and do not form ions in solution, hence they are not electrolytes.
C3H8 (propane) is a hydrocarbon which does not ionize in water, making it a nonelectrolyte.
KNO3 (potassium nitrate) dissolves in water to form potassium (K+) and nitrate (NO3−) ions, which means it is an electrolyte and can conduct electricity.
Therefore, the substance that is an electrolyte among the options is KNO3 (potassium nitrate).
How many grams of solute are in 1.00 liter of 0.200m na2so4 solution?
There are 28.42 grams of Na2SO4 in 1.00 liter of a 0.200M solution by first finding the number of moles in one liter and then multiplying by the molar mass of Na2SO4.
Explanation:To determine the mass of solute in 1.00 liter of a 0.200M Na2SO4 solution, we need to follow these steps:
Calculate the number of moles of Na2SO4 in 1.00 L of the solution using the molarity. Since molarity is moles per liter, we have 0.200 moles of Na2SO4 because 0.200M means 0.200 moles per liter.Find the molar mass of Na2SO4. The molar mass of Na2SO4 is (2 × 23.0) + 32.1 + (4 × 16.0) = 142.1 g/mol.Multiply the number of moles by the molar mass to get the mass in grams. So, 0.200 moles × 142.1 g/mol = 28.42 grams of Na2SO4.Therefore, there are 28.42 grams of Na2SO4 in 1.00 liter of a 0.200M solution.
A solution contains 0.60 mg/ml mn2+. what minimum mass of kio4 must me added to 5.00 ml of the solution in order to completely oxidize the mn2+ to mno4 - ?
Equal quantities of different liquids are placed in closed manometers at 20°
c. which liquid has the highest vapor pressure?
Which of the elements has the same lewis structure as sulfur?
What element will result if a proton is added to the nucleus of carbon?