The rate of the dihydrogen production is 0.0175 kg/sec for the given reaction.
The given reaction
[tex]\bold {CH_4 + H_2O \rightarrow CO + 3H_2}[/tex]
One mole of Methane is react with one mole of water to form 1 mole of CO and 3 moles of Hydrogen.
The rate of hydrogen production can be calculated from ideal gas law
[tex]\bold {pV = nRT}[/tex]
Where,
p- pressure = 0,86 atm · 101,325 kPa/atm = 87,14 kPa.
V- volume of methane = 159 L
T - temperature= 294°C = 567 K.
R - gas constant = 8,314 J/K·mol.
n - number of moles = ?
Put the values in the formula, sole it for n,
[tex]\bold{n(CH₄) = \dfrac {pV} {RT}}\\\\\bold {n(CH₄) = \dfrac {87,14 kPa \times 159 L} {8,314 J/K.mol \times 567 K}.}\\\\\bold {n(CH₄) = 2,93 mol}[/tex]
Since, the molar ratio of methane to hydrogen is 3:1.
SO,
[tex]\bold {n(H_2) = 2,93 mol \times 3 }\\\\\bold {n (H_2) = 8,79 mol.}\\[/tex]
Hence, the mass of the dihydrogen produced,
[tex]\bold{ m(H_2) = 8.79 mol \times 2 g/mol.}\\\\\bold {m(H_2) = 17.58 g \times 0.001 kg/g}\\\\\bold {m(H_2) = 0.01758 kg}[/tex]
Therefore, the rate of the dihydrogen production is 0.0175 kg/sec for the given reaction.
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What is the name of the species formed when a sodium atom loses an electron?
When a sodium atom loses an electron, it becomes a sodium ion (Na+).
Explanation:When a sodium atom loses an electron, it becomes a sodium ion (Na+).
For example, a sodium atom has 11 protons and 10 electrons. By losing one electron, it now has an overall charge of +1. This positive charge is denoted by the superscripted plus sign (Na+).
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A 25.0 ml sample of an unknown monoprotic acid was titrated with 0.12 m naoh. the student added 31.6 ml of naoh and went past the equivalence point. which procedure could be performed next to more accurately determine the concentration of the unknown acid?
A nuclide of 64/29 Cu absorbs a position. Which is the resulting atom?
A) 65/29 Cu
B) 63/29 Cu
C) 64/28 Ni
D) 64/30 Zn
When a nuclide of 64/29 Cu absorbs a positron, it undergoes a process called positron emission and the resulting atom is 63/29 Cu.
Explanation:When a nuclide of 64/29 Cu absorbs a positron, it undergoes a process called positron emission. During this process, one of the protons in the nucleus is transformed into a neutron, resulting in a new atom. The resulting atom will have the same number of protons as the original atom, but one less proton. Therefore, the resulting atom will be 63/29 Cu, which is option B.
What mass of h2o will be produced if 9.5 g of h2 reacts with 1.2 g of o2?
The mass of H₂O produced from the reaction of 9.5 g of H₂ with 1.2 g of O₂ is 1.3515 g. The calculation is based on the molar mass of the substances and the balanced equation for the formation of water.
The question asks for the mass of H₂O produced from the reaction of hydrogen (H₂) with oxygen (O₂). According to the balanced chemical equation of the formation of water, which is 2H₂ + O₂
ightarrow 2H₂O, 2 moles of H₂ react with 1 mole of O₂ to produce 2 moles of H₂O. The molar masses are as follows: H₂ (2.02 g/mol) and O₂ (32.0 g/mol). Since 1 mole of water (H₂O) has a molar mass of 18.02 g, we can use this information to calculate the mass of water produced.
The mass of 9.5 g of H₂ corresponds to 9.5 g / 2.02 g/mol =4.7 moles of H₂, and the mass of 1.2 g of O₂ corresponds to 1.2 g / 32.0 g/mol = 0.0375 moles of O₂. Since oxygen is the limiting reagent here, it will determine how much water can be produced. From the stoichiometry of the reaction, 1 mole of O₂ will produce 2 moles of H₂O. Therefore, 0.0375 moles of O₂ would produce 0.0375 moles * 2 = 0.075 moles of H₂O. To find the mass: 0.075 moles * 18.02 g/mol = 1.3515 g of H₂O.
Therefore, the mass of H₂O produced is 1.3515 g.
Be sure to answer all parts. identify and label the species in each reaction. (a) nh4+(aq) + h2o(l) ⇌ nh3(aq) + h3o+(aq) acid base acid base conjugate acid conjugate base conjugate acid conjugate base (b) cn−(aq) + h2o(l) ⇌ hcn(aq) + oh−(aq) acid base acid base conjugate acid conjugate base conjugate acid conjugate base
In the given reaction, label the species as acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base. (a) Acid: NH4+, Base: H2O, Conjugate Acid: H3O+, Conjugate Base: NH3. (b) Acid: CN-, Base: H2O, Conjugate Acid: HCN, Conjugate Base: OH-
Explanation:(a) In the reaction: NH4+(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ NH3(aq) + H3O+(aq), we have NH4+ as the acid and H2O as the base. After the reaction, NH3 becomes the conjugate base and H3O+ becomes the conjugate acid.
(b) In the reaction: CN-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ HCN(aq) + OH-(aq), we have CN- as the acid and H2O as the base. After the reaction, HCN becomes the conjugate acid and OH- becomes the conjugate base.
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Codeine (c18h21no3) is a weak organic base. a 5.0 x 10-3 m solution of codeine has a ph of 9.95. what is the pkb for this base
2C6H5COOH + 15O2 → 14CO2 + 6H2O which of the following options gives the correct product:product ratio? CO2:H2O = 14:6 CO2:H2O = 6:14 CO2:H2O = 1:1 O2:H2O = 15:6
Answer:
The Answer is a) CO2:H2O = 14:6
Explanation:
Determine the melting point of an aqueous solution containing 101 mg of saccharin (c7h5o3ns) added to 1.00 ml of water (density of water = 1.00 g/ml, kf = 1.86°c/m).
The freezing point of the solution is - 0.74 °c.
First, we have to determine the mass of the water as follows;
Density of water = mass/ volume
Mass = Density of water × volume
Mass = 1.00 g/ml × 1.00 ml = 1.00 g or 0.001 Kg
Number of moles of solute = 101 × 10^-3 g/183 g/mol = 0.0004 moles
Molality = 0.0004 moles/0.001 Kg = 0.4 m
ΔT = K m i
K = freezing constant
m = molality
i = Van't Hoff factor
ΔT = 1.86°c/m × 0.4 m × 1 = 0.74 °c
Freezing point = 0 °c - 0.74 °c = - 0.74 °c
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If the first half-life of a zero-order reaction is 200s, what will be the duration of the next half-life?
how many grams of NaCl will be needed to form 600 ml of a saturated solution at 100 degrees celsius ?
A diels–alder reaction of 2,5-dimethylfuran and maleic anhydride gives a compound a that undergoes acid-catalyzed dehydration to give 3,6-dimethylphthalic anhydride.
The Diels-Alder reaction between 2,5-dimethylfuran and maleic anhydride produces a compound that can be dehydrated to form 3,6-dimethylphthalic anhydride. Maleic anhydride's electron-withdrawing groups and the s-cis configuration of the diene aid the reaction's efficiency and dictate the stereochemistry of the product.
The Diels-Alder reaction between 2,5-dimethylfuran and maleic anhydride is a classic example of a cycloaddition reaction in organic chemistry. This reaction forms a compound that, upon dehydration, can yield 3,6-dimethylphthalic anhydride. Maleic anhydride serves as an excellent dienophile due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the carbonyl groups making the alkene carbons electron-poor and thus more reactive. The s-cis configuration of the diene, as in the case with cyclopentadiene, enhances the reaction's efficiency.
The stereochemistry of the Diels-Alder reaction dictates that the product will generally prefer the endo position, and models can help visualize these reactions and their outcomes. Acid-catalyzed dehydration is commonly used in organic synthesis to generate -unsaturated carbonyl compounds, which can lead to structural rearrangements depending on the nature of the starting materials and reaction conditions.
What is the molecular formula of the molecule that has an empirical formula of C2H2O and a molar mass of 252.22 g/mol?
Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of elements in a compound. Molecular formula is n times the empirical formula, where n is integers 1,2,... Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound C[tex]_{10}[/tex]H[tex]_{10}[/tex]O[tex]_5[/tex].
What is empirical formula?
Empirical formula gives the proportion of the element that is present in a compound. It does not give information about the actual number or the arrangements of the atoms.
n= molecular formula÷ empirical formula
Molar masses of C[tex]_2[/tex]H[tex]_2[/tex]O
C = 12.0107
H = 2.016
O = 15.999
Molar masses of C[tex]_2[/tex]H[tex]_2[/tex]O =2(12.0107)+2(2.016)+15.999
=24.0214+4.032+15.999
= 44.0524
252.22/44.0524 = 5
C[tex]_2[/tex]H[tex]_2[/tex]O ×5=C[tex]_{10}[/tex]H[tex]_{10}[/tex]O[tex]_5[/tex]
The molecular formula is C[tex]_{10}[/tex]H[tex]_{10}[/tex]O[tex]_5[/tex]
Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound C[tex]_{10}[/tex]H[tex]_{10}[/tex]O[tex]_5[/tex].
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How many grams of CO2 are in 4 mol of the compound?
One form of transportation that uses nuclear power for energy is the
A) airplane.
B) automobile.
C) motorcycle.
D) submarine.
One form of transportation that uses nuclear power for energy is the submarine. Therefore, option D is correct.
What do you mean by nuclear energy ?The term nuclear energy is defined as the energy in the nucleus, of an atom. Atoms are small units that formed all matter in the universe, and energy is what binds the nucleus together. There is a huge amount of energy in an atom's dense nucleus.
Nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers are powered by onboard nuclear reactors. Atoms in the nuclear reactor break, which passes energy as heat. This heat is used to create high-pressured steam.
U.S. submarines rely on nuclear power for both propulsion and life support. The nuclear reactor heats water to produce steam that drives a turbine to transfer the propeller.
Thus, option D is correct.
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What is the ph of a 0.015 m aqueous solution of hydrazoic acid (hn3) (ka = 1.9 x 10–5) at 25°c?
Compare the viscosity of n-hexane, ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2ch3, to the viscosity of n-heptane, ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2ch2ch3.
Final answer:
n-Heptane has a higher viscosity than n-hexane due to its longer carbon chain and greater molecular weight, which leads to stronger dispersion forces and hence more resistance to flow.
Explanation:
The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of its resistance to deformation or flow. In comparing the viscosities of n-hexane (CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃) and n-heptane (CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₃), we must consider their molecular weights and the strength of their intermolecular forces. Because n-heptane has a longer carbon chain and greater molecular weight than n-hexane, it also has stronger dispersion forces. These dispersion forces increase with the molecular surface area, so the larger n-heptane molecules experience more significant intermolecular attractions. As a result, n-heptane has a higher viscosity compared to n-hexane.
n the balanced equation 4Fe + 3O2à 2Fe2O3 , how many atoms of iron (Fe) are reacting with every three molecules of oxygen (O2)?
Final answer:
Four atoms of iron (Fe) are reacting with every three molecules of oxygen (O₂) in the balanced chemical equation 4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃.
Explanation:
In the balanced chemical equation 4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃, for every three molecules of oxygen (O₂) that reacts, there are four atoms of iron (Fe) involved in that reaction. This is because the coefficients in the equation represent the stoichiometric ratios of the reactants and products. Hence, according to the coefficient in front of Fe, four atoms of iron react with three diatomic oxygen molecules to form two molecules of iron (III) oxide (Fe₂O₃).
An excess of Ba(No3)2 reacts with 250ml of H2SO4 solution to give 0.55g of BaSo4.determine The concentration in moles per litre of the Ba(No3)2 solution?
A compound is found to contain 58.80 % xenon, 7.166 % oxygen, and 34.04 % fluorine by mass. what is the empirical formula for this compound?
PLEASE HELP! Which clade is composed of eukaryotes which are multicellular and heterotrophs? A) Eubacteria B) Fungi C) Plant D) Animals
Answer: D) Animals
Explanation:
Eukaryotic organisms are those organisms which exhibit complex cellular composition. They exhibit membrane bound organelles and nucleus is also enclosed inside a membrane which encloses the genetic material of the organisms. Examples include plants, animals and fungi.
Multicellular organisms are those which exhibit multiple layers of the cells to perform a specialized function.
Hetrotrophic organisms are those which are dependent upon other organisms for their food and nourishment.
Among the given options, Animals is the correct option. This is due to the fact that all animals are eukaryotic organisms as they have a membrane bound nucleus and other cellular organelles. All animals are multicellular because of the fact that multicellular system is necessary for performing specialized functions required for survival. They are incapable of synthesizing their own food either by chemosythesis or photosynthesis. They are dependent upon other organisms like plants and other animals for their food.
Sodium chloride comprises 97%-99% of table salt. Given their location on the periodic table, identify the ionic charge for each element and predict the chemical formula of the compound formed. A) Sodium, Na, is an alkali metal and is in Group IA with an ionic charge of +1. While chlorine, Cl, is a halogen and is in Group VIIA with a charge of -1. These will form NaCl(s). B) Sodium, Na, is an alkaline earth metal and is in Group IA with an ionic charge of +2. While chlorine, Cl, is a halogen and is in Group VIIA with a charge of -1. These will form NaCl2(s). C) Sodium, Na, is an alkali earth metal and is in Group IA with an ionic charge of +2. While chlorine, Cl, is a noble gas and is in Group VIA with a charge of -2. These will form Na2Cl2(s). D) Sodium, Na, is an alkali earth metal and is in Group IA with an ionic charge of +1. While chlorine, Cl, is a diatomic gas and is in Group VIA with a charge of -2. These will form Na2Cl(s).
Answer is: A) Sodium, Na, is an alkali metal and is in Group IA with an ionic charge of +1. While chlorine, Cl, is a halogen and is in Group VIIA with a charge of -1. These will form NaCl(s).
Table salt is sodium chloride mixed with small amount of potassium iodide (KI), sodium iodide (NaI) or sodium iodate (NaIO₃).
Atomic level - sodium chloride (NaCl) has crystal cubic structure (lattice-type arrangement) with ionic bonds. Sodium is cation with charge 1+ and chlorine is an anion with charge 1-.
Macroscopic level - table salt is colorless crystal, soluble in water with high melting and boiling temperature.
Ionic compounds are good good electricity and heat conductors, because ionic compounds have mobile ions (cations and anions) that are able to transfer electrical charge.
A reaction produces 74.10 g Ca(OH)2 after 56.08 g CaO is added to 36.04 g H2O. How should the difference in the masses of reactants and products be explained?
The difference in masses of reactants and products in the reaction CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 could be due to measurement errors, presence of impurities, incomplete reactions, or factors such as the absorption of water if the product mass is greater than that of the reactants.
Explanation:The 1:1 stoichiometry reaction you are referring to is CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(s). In this reaction, 56.08 g of CaO reacts with 36.04 g of H₂O to produce 74.10 g of Ca(OH)₂. The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed; hence the total mass of reactants should equal the mass of the products in a chemical reaction.
However, in realistic scenarios, there could be minor deviations due to aspects like measurement errors, the presence of impurities, or incomplete reactions. If the reaction goes to completion, and no gases are created (which may escape the reaction system), the masses should equal.
If the resulting mass of the product, Ca(OH)₂, is less than the combined mass of reactants, it suggests that there may be unreacted CaO or H₂O left. If the mass of Ca(OH)₂ is more than the reactants, it could suggest impurities, absorption of water, or some other factors at play.
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A ball-and-stick model of a molecule provides much the same information as a
Both the ball-and-stick and space-filling models are 3D molecular representations, with the former displaying the bonds and the latter showing the relative atom sizes and general shape.
A ball-and-stick model of a molecule provides much the same information as a space-filling model. Both are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of a molecule in different ways. The ball-and-stick model shows atoms as spheres and bonds as sticks, highlighting the bond angles and lengths between atoms.
In contrast, the space-filling model represents atoms by spheres that are sized proportionally to the atoms' radii, depicting the actual volume occupied by the atoms without showing the bonds explicitly.
While the ball-and-stick model may exaggerate the space between the atoms, it is beneficial for understanding the geometry of the chemical bonds. The space-filling model, however, allows for visualization of the molecule's general shape and the relative sizes of the atoms. Both models are simplifications and do not fully capture subtle variations in bond lengths and angles.
Which of the following substances is considered to be a base? A. HCl B. HNO3 C. H2SO4 D. Ca(OH)2
Among the options given, Ca(OH)2 or calcium hydroxide is considered to be a base. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
What do you mean by a base?A base in chemistry is defined as a type of chemical substance that can significantly accept hydrogen ions in water and can neutralize an acid. Bases feel soapy or slippery on the skin in texture and they have the ability to turn certain dyes blue.
According to the context of this question, H2SO4 or sulphuric acid is the strongest acid along with HNO3 (nitric acid) and HCl (hydrochloric acid). An example of a base is sodium hydroxide. Basicity is measured on a scale called the pH scale.
Therefore, Ca(OH)2 or calcium hydroxide is considered to be a base. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
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An unknown compound displays singlets at δ 2.1 ppm and 2.56 ppm in the ratio of 3:2. what is the structure of the compound?
1) As can be seen from any 1H NMR chemical shift ppm tables, hydrogens which have δ values from 2ppm to 2.3ppm are hydrogens from carbon which is bonded to a carbonyl group. From this, we can conclude that our hydrogens belong to the type, but from 2 different alkyl groups because of 2 different signals.
2) So, one alkyl group is CH3 and second one can be CH or CH2.
3) If we know that ratio between two types of hydrogens is 3:2, it can be concluded that second alkyl group is CH2.
4) Finally, we don't have any other signals and it indicates that part of the compound which continues on CH2 is exactly the same as the first part.
The ratio remains the same, 3:2 ie 6:4
Which metal(s) can be oxidized with a sn2+ solution but not with an fe2+ solution? (hint: the reactions are occurring under standard conditions.)?
For this we have to consider the reactive series of metals in which metals are arranged according to their reactivity order.
Oxidation of a metal can be defined as ability to lose electrons to become positively charged metal and a metal will lose its electrons by reacting with a metal that is having low chemical reactivity as a higher reactive metal can lose its electrons to a low reactive metal. So here a metal should be one that is more reactive than tin so that it can lose its electrons to tin to become positively charged and less reactive than iron so that it will not give its electrons to iron to become positively charged. If we look into reactive series of metal than we will find that nickel is the example of a metal that is more reactive than tin and less reactive than iron.
Nickel and cadmium is the metal that can be oxidized with a sn2+ solution, but not with a fe2+ solution.
What is metal oxidization?An ionic chemical reaction occurs on the surface of metal in the presence of oxygen.
Metals that can be oxidized in solution must have a weaker oxidizing agent or be less reactive than tin.
With solution, the same metals cannot be oxidized.
Thus, the correct option is Nickel and cadmium.
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Hydrogen peroxide, h2o2(aq), decomposes into water and oxygen. adding a small amount of fecl3(aq) increases the rate of gas evolution in this reaction. what is the best description of the role of fecl3?
Answer:
fecl₃ acting as catalyst-iron (III) chloride is acts as the catalyst for the reaction which takes place in the transformation of hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂(aq) into the two main products mainly water,H₂O and oxygen,O₂.
The reaction is as follow:H₂O₂(aq)⇒ H₂O + O₂.Explanation:
Catalysts-A catalyst provide the best route or the easy path to start or initiate the reaction or the chemical transformation which leads to the speeding up the reactions.
Which substance found in fossil fuels can form a harmful acid when the fuel is burned?
Answer is: sulfur.
Fossil fuel combustion increases the acidity of rain because the sulfur dioxide is produced.
Because of fuel combustion, sulfur dioxide goes up into the atmosphere as the hot gases rise, than it reacts with water and oxygen in the air and form sulfuric acid:
Balanced chemical reaction: SO₂(g) + 2O₂(g) + 2H₂O → 2H₂SO₄.
pH (potential of hydrogen) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity an aqueous solution.
When pH is less than seven (pH<7), solution is acidic.
which molecular formula is also an empirical formula?
1)C6h6
2)h2o2
3) n2h4
4) n2o5
The molecular formula which is also an empirical formula is Choice 4: N2O5
The molecular formula of a compound is always a multiple of the empirical formula.
The choices are analysed as follows;
For Choice 1;
The subscripts can further be divided. As such, C6H6 is a molecular formula but not an empirical formula.For Choice 2;
The subscripts can further be divided. As such, H2O2 is a molecular formula but not an empirical formula.
For Choice 3;
The subscripts can further be divided. As such, N2H4 is a molecular formula but not an empirical formula
However; For Choice 3;
The subscripts can not be further divided. As such, N2O5 is a molecular formula and also an empirical formula.
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Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution of 0.99 mol of cholesterol in 5.4 mol of toluene at 32°c. pure toluene has a vapor pressure of 41 torr at 32°c. (assume ideal behavior.)
Explanation:
No. of moles of cholesterol solute, [tex]n_{1}[/tex] = 0.99 mol
No. of moles of toulene solvent, [tex]n_{2}[/tex] = 5.4 mol
Hence, total number of moles of solution will be as follows.
n = [tex]n_{1} + n_{2}[/tex]
= 0.99 mol + 5.4 mol
= 6.39 mol
Therefore, mole fraction of cholestrol solute ([tex]\chi_{1}[/tex]) is as follows.
= [tex]\frac{\text{no. of moles of chloesterol}}{\text{Total number of moles of solution (n)}}[/tex]
[tex]\chi_{1}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.99 mol}{6.39 mol}[/tex]
= 0.154
Vapor pressure of pure toulene solvent ([tex]p^{o}[/tex]) = 41 torr
Vapor pressure of solution = P
Hence, formula to calculate relative lowering of vapor pressure is as follows.
Relative lowering of vapor pressure = [tex]\frac{p^{o} - P}{p^{o}}[/tex]
As per relative lowering of vapor pressure colligative property, the relative lowering of vapor pressure is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
Hence, [tex]\frac{p^{o} - P}{p^{o}}[/tex] = [tex]\chi_{1}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{41 torr - P}{41 torr}[/tex] = 0.154
41 torr - P = 6.314
P = 34.686 torr
or, = 35 torr
Therefore, we can conclude that vapor pressure of the solution is 35 torr.
Final answer:
To calculate the vapor pressure of a cholesterol-toluene solution, we use Raoult's Law, which gives a vapor pressure of approximately 34.65 torr at 32°C after calculating the mole fraction of toluene and applying the formula.
Explanation:
To calculate the vapor pressure of a solution containing 0.99 mol of cholesterol in 5.4 mol of toluene at 32°C, where pure toluene has a vapor pressure of 41 torr, we use Raoult's Law. This law states that the vapor pressure of a solution (Psolution) is equal to the mole fraction of the solvent (Xsolvent) times the vapor pressure of the pure solvent (Psolvent).
First, calculate the mole fraction of toluene, which is given by the number of moles of toluene divided by the total number of moles in the solution: Xtoluene = moles of toluene / (moles of toluene + moles of solute) = 5.4 / (5.4 + 0.99) = 5.4 / 6.39.
Next, apply Raoult's Law: Psolution = Xtoluene × Ptoluene = (5.4 / 6.39) × 41 torr. By calculating, we find Xtoluene is approximately 0.845, and thus Psolution = 0.845 × 41 torr = 34.645 torr. So, the vapor pressure of the solution is approximately 34.65 torr at 32°C.