Answer: True
Explanation:Strike is defined as the direction that has formed line b the intersection of a plane bed with the horizontal plane. It is usually used for the determination of the position or spot of the features of the linear structure.This is a commonly used term in the geology for the determination of plane or bed. Therefore the given statement is true.
The most common gas in the earth's atmosphere is:
A. nitrogen
B. oxygen
C. hydrogen
Answer:
A. Nitrogen
Explanation:
The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of about 78% nitrogen, as well as 21% oxygen, and small amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide.
Animation: Tectonic Settings and Volcanic Activity w Part A Which of the following are common tectonic settings associated with volcanic activity? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. transform plumes mantle plumes continental vifts continental arcs Island arcs Submit Bequest Answer 18 O Type here to search
Answer:
- mantle plumes
- continental arcs
- island arcs
Explanation:
The volcanic activities are very important for the planet, its physical features, composition of the atmosphere, climate. They can be found at the boundaries of the plates or near the boundaries of the plates, on land, in sea, or on the seafloor. The mantle plumes are the ones that give rise to the volcanoes, as they are the ones that propel magma from the mantle to the surface of the Earth. As mentioned, the volcanoes mostly form at and near the boundaries of the plates, and they usually create island arcs or continental arcs, depending on the type of boundary and where the magma will be able to penetrate the most easily.
Question 4 (1 point) Subduction occurs as a result of slab pull-gravity pulls older and denser lithosphere downward. lubrication from the generation of andesitic magma. upwelling of hot mantle material along the trench. horizontal plate accommodation.
Answer:
slab pull-gravity pulls older and denser lithosphere downward
Explanation:
The subduction occurs only at the boundaries where an oceanic plate is involved, be it a boundary between two oceanic plates, or between oceanic and continental plates. The oceanic plate which is denser, heavier, because of the gravity is moving downward, thus it moves below the other plate. As it does, the plate gradually reaches the mantle layer where it starts to melt because of the high temperatures, thus it is getting recycled in a way. In this way, the oceanic plates are constantly getting destroyed, which is why the oldest oceanic crust is much younger than the oldest continental crust.
Scientists believe that approximately 10 million years ago the closing of the Isthmus of Panama changed the climate of Earth so severely that winters in Europe became 10°C warmer than they had been. Why did this happen? A. Cold Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. B. Warm Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. C. The ice in the Caribbean Sea was broken apart by plate movements. D. A mountain range formed that blocked the movement of cold air into the area.
Answer:
B. Warm Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean
Explanation:
South America and North America were not connected until 10 million years ago, but instead they were separated by water, thus the Caribbean Sea was connected with the Pacific Ocean. Because of this, the warm waters from the Caribbean were not forced further north in the Atlantic, but instead they were moving between the two continents. Once the two continents merged though, the warm Caribbean waters were forced to move toward the north Atlantic, thus they started to move towards Europe. Because they were warm currents, they significantly warmed Europe, up to 10 C degrees more on average, significantly changing the climate in this part of the world.
What did the river valley civilizations have in common? What were the main differences between them?
True or False? When researchers compared the magnetic data from the ocean floor with the pattern of magnetic reversals on land, scientists were able to determine the age of the ocean floor. a) True b) False
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The scientists examine the change in the magnetic field of the earth to determine the age of the ocean floor. Once in a while, the currents in the core of the ocean which create the magnetic field on the earth, are reversed. This is known as a geomagnetic reversal.
When the magnetic data of the sea floor was studied, they discovered about the normal and the reversed magnetic stripes.
The geomagnetic reversals records was matched with the stripes of the normal and the reverse magnetic fields, to determine the age of the ocean floor.
Therefore, the give statement is TRUE.
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
In the early twentieth century several scientists, including Bernard Brunhes in France (in 1906) and Motonari Matuyama in Japan (in the 1920s), discovered that rocks can be divided into two groups: those with normal polarity (ie , where magnetic minerals are oriented according to the Earth's magnetic field): and those with reverse polarity (ie, the alignment of magnetic minerals is contrary to Earth's magnetic field).
When the magma cools, the ferric elements orient themselves according to the existing magnetic field, "fossilizing" it. Thus, the existence of volcanic rocks with normal polarity and others with inverse polarity, presupposes that, in the geological past, there were periods when the terrestrial magnetic field was inverse from the present one, and others in which it was analogous to the present one, that is, occurred. magnetic field inversions. The geomagnetic reversals records was matched with the stripes of the normal and the reverse magnetic fields, to determine the age of the ocean floor.
What percent of the surface of the earth is covered with water ?
A. 100 %
B. 0 %
C. 70 %
Answer:
C. 70% (water covers ⅔ of Earth's surface)
The distance from the earth to the sun is known as:
A. a light year
B. an astronomical unit
C. one million miles
Multiple choice :
Normally, air pollution episodes are most severe when a) the country breeze is weak
b) a storm system is developing west of the area
c) a cold upper-level low moves over the area
d) a deep high-pressure area stagnates over the area e) a warm front passes through the area
Answer: d) a deep high-pressure area stagnates over the area
Explanation: It is usually observed that pollution state gets more worse during the time of high pressure such as during the cold time or winters. During the time of high pressure it becomes difficult for the air pollutants to get mixed with the area and thus they cause the major damage to the environment.
Smog is a example of such phenomena which affects the environment severely and cause breathing problem as well.
If one lamp in a series circuit burns out, would the other lamps be affected? explain.
Answer:
Yes, the other lamps will be affected.
Explanation:
Since lamp is connected in series circuit and in series the same current flows throughout the supply and the current is not divide and flows through a particular path.
So, if the supply across any one circuit element is interrupted then this result in the interruption of supply to the whole circuit. In series current is same throughout but the voltage or potential difference across each circuit element varies as the resistance or reactance of that element varies and remain independent of the current.
Thus if one lamp in series burns out, all other lamps will also be disconnected due to the discontinuity of the current as the circuit is interrupted as a result of burn out.
In January 2014, the “polar vortex” swept across the eastern US leading some media outlets to claim this was the “coldest weather in decades” in Baltimore between Jan 6 & Jan 8. It turns out that only 5 years prior, in 2009, Jan 15 – Jan 17 were 5 degrees colder in Baltimore than the coldest temperatures in 2014. Why did these media outlets say it was the “coldest weather in decades”? Many statisticians say that it is a mistake to look at weather temperature records the way that media outlets looked at the Baltimore "record"; why do you think they say this is a "mistake"?
1. The media outlets often know to misrepresent the fact, which comes out because of two major reasons, the insufficient knowledge of the topic, or trying to get more viewers/readers by pumping up the story. In this case, the media outlets took the lowest temperature, while neglecting the average for the period, thus they used it to say that it was the coldest period in the last decades. Also, by using the title that it was the coldest weather in decades, the people are automatically triggered to read it, thus the media will get more turnout.
2. The statisticians on the other hand, disagreed with the claims of the media outlets. The reason for this was that the media outlets were taking in consideration only a single lowest minimum. That is not the manner in which the lowest temperature in a given period is calculated, but it is the average for of the temperatures for the given period that give a proper picture about the weather conditions.
The media outlets claimed the weather in Baltimore was the coldest in decades, but this was based on a specific event and not the entire pattern of weather data over time. Many statisticians argue that focusing on isolated events can be misleading. It is important to analyze the entire data set and consider long-term trends and patterns.
Explanation:The media outlets claim that the weather in Baltimore between January 6 and 8, 2014, was the 'coldest weather in decades' because they were focusing on a specific event rather than looking at the entire pattern of weather data over time. While it may have been the coldest weather in Baltimore in recent years, there was a period in 2009, January 15 to 17, that had even colder temperatures. Many statisticians argue that looking at isolated events or specific records can be misleading when trying to understand the typical weather patterns. Instead, it is important to analyze the entire data set and consider long-term trends and patterns.
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1 Numerous practices have been developed to reduce ____________________, including reducing or eliminating tillage, managing irrigation to reduce runoff, and using terracing or contour planting.
2 Foods labeled as “natural” are required to contain at least 50% organic ingredients.
3 The genetic changes in genetically modified plants cannot spread to wild populations or affect natural biodiversity.
1. Erosion
The erosion is a very big problem in the agriculture. This problem is especially big where there are slopes, or the surface layer of the soil is very loose. In order to stop the degradation of the soil, thus to be able to use it on the long run and to have good yields, the people have started to come up with multiple solutions. One of the methods has been to reduce runoff from the irrigation, as with it, the top, most fertile layer of the soil is washing away. By using methods where the water falls on the land at a more direct angle, the soil is not washed away. Another method, used at places with steeper slopes, is the terracing. This method is basically creating terrace like flat parts on the slopes, and by doing so, the soil is preserved as it is flat, instead of being on a slope and constantly exposed to runoff and wind.
2. False
The label ''natural'' on the foods is a term that is very often used by the companies, but legally it is not really accepted and regulated. The companies use this term so that they can attract more costumers, leading them to believe that the product doesn't have any artificial additions. This is not true though, as pretty much all foods labeled like this do have artificial additions to them, and since it is legally not regulated as to what should the percentage of organic food be in them, there's not really a standard for it.
3. False
The genetically modified plants are very useful for the elimination of malnutrition among the humans, but on the other hand they are very dangerous for the biodiversity. While these plants will in general not reproduce with the wild ones, the dangers are that these plants are able to easily out-compete the wild ones. The genetic changes in these plants provide them with advantageous traits, such as being larger, producing more seeds, being resilient to harsher weather conditions, which leads to easily take over the wild populations and replace them.
Question 2 of 10 The asteroid belt is located where ? A. northern Canada B. between the orbits of mars and Jupiter c. outside the orbit of Neptune Reset Selection
Answer:
B
Explanation:
asteriod belt is the circumstellar disc in solar system locwted roughly between the orbit og mars and jupiter.
Quartzite is formed by metamorphosing the rock _______________. (1 word)
sandstone
Quartzite is formed when quartz-rich sandstone is altered by the heat and pressure.
A theory:
Occurs with unvarying uniformity under ideal conditions.
Explains why events occur in nature.
Does not have to have the agreement of the scientific community.
asks a question that needs to be answered.
Is the result of one single well proven and well-accepted hypothesis.
Answer:
A theory is the result of one single well proven and well-accepted hypothesis.
Explanation:
A theory Is the result of one single well-proven and well accepted - hypothesis .
A theory is a well accepted hypothesis which is also well proved , which tries to explain something based on a known principle .
A theory can have one or more hypotheses that are supported by some repeating testing .
A theory can never be shown as wrong in any context , and if it is wrong , then the theory is widely disproven .
Theories can even derive and evolve , and does not imply the older theories to be wrong , new discovered experiments or idea just get added to the previous theories.
Describe the nature of Earth's axial tilt and orbit around the Sun.
Explanation: The Earth's axis is inclined in relation to the ecliptic, i.e. in relation to the Earth's path when revolving around the Sun. The inclination or axis tilt is the angle, for which the vertical Earth's axis is inclined towards the ecliptic, which is about 23°, and consequently the different amounts of the Sunlight reach to different points on Earth during the year. In other words, this phenomenon causes a change in the seasons on Earth. This means that the change of seasons is not caused by changes in the distance between the Earth and the Sun during Earth's revolving around the Sun, i.e. during the year, because these changes in distance are extremely small, and their influence on the phenomenon of change of seasons is negligible.
Which of the following is largest ?
A. the moon
B. the earth
C. the sun
Out of the of the following options available, the sun is the largest, measuring at about 432,170 mi.
Are volcanic island arcs caused by ocean-continent convergent boundaries, ocean-ocean convergent boundaries, or both?
Answer:
volcanic island arcs caused by ocean-ocean convergent boundaries.
Explanation:
The geological features that are found in the continent-ocean convergent plate boundary are the deep sea trenches and continental volcanic arc .
Continental volcanic arc is that arc shaped volcanic mountain chain formed due to the subduction of oceanic plate within the continental plate.
While Volcanic island arc are formed when both the plates are oceanic and one subducts inside the other. The arc shape of the mountain chains is formed due the spherical shape of the earth.
Volcanic Island arc caused by ocean-ocean convergent boundaries. In this convergence, the denser oceanic plate get subducts below the less denser oceanic plate forming a trench along the boundary .
During the Enlightenment, Western European thinkers used the Orient as a) a means of critiquing their own society b) a means of demonstrating the superiority of their society c) BOTH a) and b) d) Neither a) nor b)
Answer:
During the Enlightenment, Western European thinkers used the Orient as a means of critiquing their own society and a means of demonstrating the superiority of their society .
Explanation:
Orientalism -
According to Orientalism -
1. The academic study of the orient , teaching and writing about them .
2. The way of thinking based on the ontological and epistemological distinction between the Western and eastern countries . orientals and Occidentals differ greatly and only westerns can produce knowledge of the orient.
3. A way of defining and commanding the orient . Western states dominates the orients on matter of intellect and economics.
Orientalism does not distinguish between different peoples in the east . This leads to a static view of the orient - opposite to the progress in the west.
Hence ,
Correct option is ( c ) both a and b.
During the Enlightenment, European thinkers used the Orient as both a critique of their own societies and as a means to demonstrate their superiority, a dual approach embodied by the concept of Orientalism.
Explanation:During the Enlightenment, Western European thinkers utilized the concept of the Orient as both a means of critiquing their own society and a means of demonstrating the superiority of their society. This process is encapsulated by the term Orientalism, a concept put forth by literary critic Edward Said. Said argues that orientalism portrayed non-European societies, particularly those in Asia and the Middle East, in a way that emphasized their perceived irrationality and mystique. This served not only as a juxtaposition to the rational, moral, and democratic ideals in European societies, but also provided a critical mirror through which Europeans could reflect on their own societal practices and philosophies.
Enlightenment thinkers were diverse in their ideas, but they collectively emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method to understand the world. They also grappled with concepts of natural rights and social contract theory, which influenced Western legal and political structures. However, the depiction of the Orient by European thinkers was often done in a manner that reinforced European ethnocentrism while simultaneously using the Orient as a critical lens for European societal flaws.
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The earth is similar to the planet venus in that:
A. both have an atmosphere with mostly nitrogen
B. both are solid (as opposed to a gas)
C. both orbit the sun in the same amount of time
Answer:
B. both are solid.......
QUESTION 5 The largest increases in global surface temperature in the past 20 years has been in the equatorial regions. Remember the world map with the slider to view surface temperature over time. True False QUESTION 6 What's been happening to the arctic sea ice and the land ice on Antarctica and Greenland in the past 20 years? Pick the BEST answer. 01.Arctic sea ice has lost a small amount of ice while Greenland has lost a large amount. O2. There has been no measureable amount of ice loss in either the Arctic or Antarctica ice sheets. O3. Greenland has gained ice, while the arctic and Antarctica have lost ice. 04. Both the arctic sea ice and the land ice on Antarctica and Greenland have lost large amounts of ice. Pick the eight key pieces of evidence that supports global warming from the following list burning of fossil fuels global temperature rise the greenhouse efect ocean acidification declining arctic sea ice sea level rise more snow for skiing in Colorado shrinking ice sheets last summer was really hot warming oceans glacial retreat extreme events QUESTION 9 What is the greenhouse effect? 1. Incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by clouds. 2. Incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by certain molecules resulting in warmer surface temperature. 3. Incoming solar radiation is reflected from the Earth's atmosphere by dust particles resulting in lower surface temperatures. 4. Incoming solar radiation is scattered in the Earth's atmosphere by molecules creating a more balanced climate. OO
1. False
In the past several decades, and especially in the past 20 years, the global temperatures have been on the rise. The rise of the temperature is not the same in all places, and there are differences between the regions, especially between the latitudes. The lowest latitudes tend to be the least affected, as the temperature has increased the least. The mid-latitudes have moderate increase in the temperatures, while the high latitudes have experienced the largest increase in temperatures, which has resulted in melting of the ice sheets.
2. Both the Arctic Sea and the land ice on Antarctica and Greenland have lost large amounts of ice
With the increase of the global temperatures because of the strengthening of the greenhouse effect, the high latitudes have been the most affected. The largest ice masses on the planet, have been heavily affected by this, with the ice sheets and glaciers on Antarctica, the Arctic, and Greenland all shrinking. Because they have all been losing lot of ice, it has affected the ocean waters, resulting in sea level rise, putting in danger lot of cities and islands around the world.
3. burning of fossil fuels - global temperature rise - the greenhouse effect - ocean acidification - sea level rise - shrinking ice sheets - warming oceans - glacial retreat
The global warming is a cyclic process that occurs on the planet. During the Pleistocene it has been occurring between the glacial periods. There are several factors that contribute to the global warming, some of which are cyclical movements and positioning of the Earth, while some are a result of the processes on the planet. The global warming has been a very important topic in the past few decades, with the main reason being that the human activity is actually resulting in speeding up of this process.
4. Incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by certain molecules resulting in warmer surface temperature
The greenhouse affect is a process that occurs naturally, but in the past couple of centuries, the humans have also contributed to it. This effect is basically the accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, which manage to trap heat, thus increase the atmospheric temperature and the surface temperature of the planet. There are multiple consequences from this effect, such as rising temperatures, acidification of the oceans, melting of the ice sheets, rise of the sea waters.
Equatorial regions have experienced the largest increases in global surface temperature in the past 20 years. There has been substantial loss of Arctic sea ice, as well as land ice on Greenland and Antarctica. The greenhouse effect is the trapping of solar radiation in the Earth's atmosphere, resulting in a warmer surface temperature.
Explanation:The largest increases in global surface temperature in the past 20 years have indeed been in the equatorial regions. This is supported by the fact that glaciers and polar ice are melting at a faster rate, leading to rising sea levels. Additionally, the Arctic Sea ice has experienced significant loss, while the land ice on Greenland and Antarctica has also shown a substantial decrease.
The documented evidence supporting global warming includes the burning of fossil fuels, global temperature rise, the greenhouse effect, ocean acidification, declining arctic sea ice, sea level rise, shrinking ice sheets, and extreme events. These factors all contribute to the overall understanding of climate change and its impacts.
The greenhouse effect refers to the process where incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by certain molecules, resulting in a warmer surface temperature. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, which trap heat and lead to global warming.
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Clay minerals are light silicates that form ________. from molten rock from chemical weathering of igneous rocks from pressure and heat. from mechanical weathering of any rock
Answer: From chemical weathering of igneous rocks
Explanation: Clay minerals are the minerals that are a type of combination of light silicates having very minute size of particle and sheet like form. They mostly contain magnesium and aluminium as major component .They get formed in a long period of time as chemical weathering of the igneous rocks takes time by using silicates and some solvent with low dilution.
An artesian well is one that ________. A. discharges groundwater at the ground surface without pumping B. has its intake sited within the vadose zone of an unconfined aquifer C. has its intake sited within the unsaturated zone of an unconfined aquifer D. has its recharge area at an elevation below sea level.
An artesian well is one that discharges groundwater at the ground surface without pumping. Thus, option 'A' is the correct option.
What is meant by an artesian well?Water flows naturally under pressure from an artesian well without the need for pumping. Wherever a gently sloping, permeable rock layer (like sandstone) absorbs water along its outcrop at a level higher than the level of the earth at the well site, it is excavated or drilled. Water from artesian wells is often of exceptional quality. The depth of the well, however, may have an impact on the water's quality.
Arsenic concentrations in wells that draw their water from bedrock formations, such as deep sandstone formations, may pose a health risk. A particular kind of spring water that emerges freely from deep wells is called artesian water. In contrast to conventional wells, artesian wells don't need a pump to draw water from the ground.
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An artesian well is one that discharges groundwater at the ground surface without pumping. The correct option is a.
A groundwater discharge at the surface of the ground without the use of a pump is known as an artesian well. It happens when a well is drilled into a confined aquifer that is sandwiched between impermeable layers and is under enough pressure to force water upward.
The higher elevation recharge area is where the pressure is generated because it allows water to pass through the permeable rock strata and create natural water pressure inside the confined aquifer. When a well is dug into the artesian aquifer as a result the water rises above the aquifer level and may even flow to the ground surface providing a dependable and continuous source of water without the need for additional mechanical pumping.
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why is variety in plants inportant for food security
Answer:
Importance of food security.
Explanation:
Food security refers to the availability of food to everyone at all the time and at a reasonable prices. All nutrients and health factors that comes from food is very essential and important and all these cannot be extracted via any single plant. We need a combinations of plants to get all the energy required and also maintain a balance in nature so that the plant does not become extinct. Hence , if we use a variety of plants we can create that balance in nature and also stay healthy and fit ,
Therefore ,
variety in plants is important for food security.
Sandstone is an example of a(n) ____.
pyroclastic rock
clastic sedimentary rock
intrusive igneous rock
metamorphic rock
chemical precipitate sedimentary rock
Answer: Clastic sedimentary rock
Explanation: Sandstone is a type of rock that has the composition of sand sized rocks or minerals in it .They are clastic sedimentary rock because it gets formed from the clast .It is usually seen that sandstone is composed of quartz sand and some other sand as well.They also show a high resistance towards the natural weathering process while being on the earth surface.
The mode of energy transfer for most of the interior of the Sun is ____________________.
conduction.
radiation.
convection.
The mode of energy transfer for most of the interior of the Sun is radiation and convection.
Answer:
its B, your second answer..... Radiation . hope this helps (:
( I had this Qeustion on my test and radiation is the definite Answer, I promise )
Many rocky coasts occur along active margins. This is because
a.
active margins often experience repeated uplift, and thus the waves have not had sufficient time to erode the land surface down to sea level.
b.
active margins tend to have far fewer streams that feed sediment to the oceans; thus, there is not enough sand to create beaches.
c.
subduction along active margins consumes coastal sediments.
d.
active margins are associated with larger storms, which cause more erosion of sediment, leading to fewer beaches.
Answer:
Many rocky coasts occur along active margins. This is because -
( a ) active margins often experience repeated uplift, and thus the waves have not had sufficient time to erode the land surface down to sea level.
Explanation:
Active Margin -
The Active Margin are present at the edge of the continental plate that is crashed in an oceanic plate . It is possible that the active margins are uplifted rocky coasts . Hence , the wave does not have sufficient time to erode to the surface down the sea level . therefore , many rocks are found along this active margin . As , due to regular uplifts and hence , the waves do not have sufficient time to erode the land surface down to sea level .
Which of the following is true about India’s weather patterns? a.monsoon rains are heaviest during summer b.monsoon rains are heaviest during winter c.monsoon rains are stronger during an El Nino d.India has an even distribution of precipitation year-round
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer:
a.monsoon rains are heaviest during summer
Explanation:
The climate in India varies widely, depending on the time of year and where we are, from the arid Rajasthan desert to the Assam Mountains, allegedly the wettest area on the planet. But basically there are 3 seasons.
The cold (Dec-Feb), when some northern areas (Delhi, for example) reach very low temperatures and Darjeeling attracts large numbers of people to ski.The hot (Mar-Mai), which especially from April, fires to normal temperatures around 40º in most cities.The humid (Jun-Sep), also known as the monsoon season, begins in the south and sweeps the rest of the country with heavy rain and thunderstorms.Where does your tap water come from? If you are in the city, you are likely on “city water” rather than well water. How often do you drink commercially bottled water? When at home are you more likely to drink bottled water or water from the tap? Why do you make that choice?
Answer:
I get my water from the store, I drink bottled water 10 months out of the year, the other 2 months i drink it from the sink, i drink bottled water while i am home because it tasts better
Explanation:
The classification of igneous rock is based on a few criteria. What are they?
Answer:
Minerals Available in Rock
Texture
Color
Chemical composition
Explanation:
There are different criteria that could be used to classify rocks that are igneous. These are:
1) Minerals Available in Rock: The minerals in a rock and their relative proportions in the rock mainly rely on the magma's chemical composition.
2) The Rock's texture: Rock texture largely relies on the magma's cooling history. Thus rocks with the same chemical composition and presence of the same minerals could have very distinct textures.
3) Color: A rock's color relies on the minerals and the size of the grain. Generally speaking, rocks containing lots of feldspar and quartz are light colored, and rocks containing lots of pyroxenes, olivines and amphiboles (minerals of ferromagnesium) are dark colored. But when applied to rocks of the same structure but distinct grain size, color can be misleading.
4) Chemical composition: The most distinctive characteristic is the chemical composition of igneous rocks. The structure generally represents the magma's structure, thus providing data about the rock's source.