Answer:
Reproductive isolation refers to the inability of an organism or species to breed successfully with other organism or species.
It may arise from various factors such as:
Geographical isolation such as river, mountain, etcBehavioral changes such as mating time or season, mating rituals, mating location etc.Physiological differences such as change in shape of sex organs which causes lack of fit between copulatory organs.Genetic differences.Reproductive and geographical isolations between two populations (of same species) inhibit the flow of genes among them. Slowly, these isolations increase the variations in the gene pools of the two populations.
These genetic variations keep on increasing with time. In addition, as an adaptation to their surrounding or habitat the two populations would develop different behavioral and physiological changes
With time, these differences will increase up to such an extent that the two populations would not be able breed with each other. Hence, it would lead to the evolution of one or both the populations into new species.
PLATO:
Reproductive isolation refers to populations of organisms that have become isolated from each other. A geographical barrier or a genetic change can cause this isolation. As a result, the organisms are not able to successfully reproduce with each other. The two populations evolve separately from each other, likely developing different frequencies of genetic mutations and possibly selecting different traits.
stimulus - touch receptors - ___ - ___ - ___ - ___ - response
Stimulus ➡ Touch Receptor ➡ Sensory Nerve cell ➡ Relay nerve cell ➡ Muscle ➡Response
ExplanationWhen a body touches a hot or very cold body, a stimulus is generated.Touch receptors convert this stimulus into a nerve impulse and transmit it to the sensory neurons located in the spinal cord (CNS) via peripheral nerves.The impulse travels across a synapse to relay neuronsRelay neuron passes impulse across the second synapse to motor neurons.Now impulse travels along motor neuron to reach the effector (muscle)Muscle contract and hand is withdrawn quickly (Response)which of the imvic test is enterobacter aerogenes typically positive for? Negative?
Enterobacter aerogenes is usually positive for Voges-Proskauer (VP) and citrate utilization and negative for indole and methyl red.
VP is used to detect acetoin in a bacterial broth culture by adding alpha-naphthol and potassium hydroxide.
Citrate utilization test distinguish between members of the Enterobacteriaceae family based on their metabolic products.
Indole test is used for the determination of the ability of an organism to split tryptophan amino-acid.
Methyl Red (MR) test determines whether the bacteria performs mixed acids fermentation when supplied glucose.
Enterobacter aerogenes typically tests negative for Indole and Methyl red, while positive for Voges-Proskauer and Citrate in the IMViC series of tests.
Explanation:Enterobacter aerogenes, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, can be identified using the IMViC tests, which include tests for Indole, Methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, and Citrate utilization. For Enterobacter aerogenes, the typical IMViC results are negative for Indole and Methyl red and positive for Voges-Proskauer and Citrate. The Indole test detects tryptophan oxidation to indole, turning the reagent deep pink upon a positive result. However, Enterobacter aerogenes does not produce indole. The Methyl red test indicates mixed acids fermentation, and a positive result would turn the medium red. In contrast, Enterobacter aerogenes performs mixed acids fermentation differently, leading to a negative Methyl red result. The Voges-Proskauer test checks for acetoin production. A positive result occurs when the medium turns red after the addition of Barrett’s A and B reagents, which is the case for Enterobacter aerogenes. Lastly, a positive Citrate test indicates a bacterium can use citrate as its sole carbon source and will turn the medium from green to Prussian blue, demonstrating the ability of Enterobacter aerogenes to utilize citrate.
Which of the following roles does an enzyme play when the body produces sucrose into glucose and fructose?
A: An enzyme decreases the bodies need for sucrose
B: An enzyme increases the amount of sucrose available
C: An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down
D: An enzyme decreases the amount of fructose and glucose product available
the answer is C. an enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down. also i think your pic is cute
Final answer:
In the production of glucose and fructose from sucrose, an enzyme, specifically sucrase, increases the rate of sucrose breakdown by reducing the activation energy required for the reaction.
Explanation:
When the body produces sucrose into glucose and fructose, an enzyme plays a crucial role in the hydrolysis process. The correct answer to the question is C: An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down. In the small intestine, sucrose is hydrolyzed to form glucose and fructose in a reaction catalyzed by sucrase. This specific enzyme binds to the substrate, sucrose, and catalyzes its breakdown. Enzymes like sucrase work by reducing the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed, significantly speeding up the reaction. Without sucrase, the hydrolysis of sucrose is significantly slower.
The building of proteins, or translation, occurs on which number labeled organelle?
endoplasmic reticulum (er)
The answer is to the question you are asking is A) 1.
A blueberry bush uses energy from the Sun to make carbohydrates. Which set of energy transformations BEST describe this process? A. nuclear energy → chemical energy → radiant energy B. radiant energy → nuclear energy → chemical energy C. radiant energy → chemical energy → nuclear energy D. nuclear energy → radiant energy → chemical energy
I think it's B. First, it's radiant energy from the sun. Then, nuclear energy to the Earth. And finally, chemical energy to convert energy to carbohydrates.
The set of energy transformation that best describes the process is nuclear energy → radiant energy → chemical energy. The correct option is D.
What is energy transformation?The method of converting energy from one sort to another is referred to as energy transformation. Energy is a quantity in physics that provides the capacity to perform work or heat.
Energy can be transferred from one object to another, or it can change forms.
Nuclear energy is converted into heat and light energy by the Sun. Chemical energy in our food is converted by our bodies into mechanical energy that allows us to move.
The sun is powered by fusion. This produces nuclear energy, which is then released into the atmosphere as radiation. Plants absorb sunlight and photosynthesize the process of obtaining glucose from sunlight.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Why aren’t organelles considered to be basic parts of a cell
Core organelles are found in virtually all eukaryotic cells. They carry out essential functions that are necessary for the survival of cells – harvesting energy, making new proteins, getting rid of waste and so on.
Organelles are complex, specialized structures within eukaryotic cells that perform specific tasks, similar to how organs function in an organism. They are not considered basic parts of a cell because cells can function with a basic structure of a membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA, without the presence of these specialized organelles.
Explanation:The term 'organelle' refers to the various structures within cells that perform specialized tasks, similar to how organs have distinct functions within the human body. Hence, organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and others, are fundamental components of eukaryotic cells, not basic parts.
Eukaryotic cells, which include all animal and plant cells, have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, often referred to as a 'true nucleus'. Within this nucleus, the cell's DNA is stored.
However, not all organelles are found in all cell types. For example, lysosomes, known as the cell's 'garbage disposal', are more common in animal cells while in plant cells, a similar process occurs in vacuoles. Further, plant cells have unique organelles such as chloroplasts and a large central vacuole.
In the perspective of the cell theory, the basic parts of a cell would include the cell membrane or plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material in the form of DNA.
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A researcher is concerned about a population of Bavarian pine voles, a type of endangered rodent. The researcher wants to estimate the genetic diversity of the population by collecting DNA samples from some of the pine voles. Which sampling method should he use?
A.
netting
B.
quadrat sampling
C.
tagging and wildlife tracking
D.
point counts
The tagging and wildlife tracking method is the most appropriate for estimating the genetic diversity of the Bavarian pine voles as it allows the collection of DNA samples with minimal disturbance to the population.
Explanation:The researcher should use the tagging and wildlife tracking method to estimate the genetic diversity of the Bavarian pine voles. This method involves capturing a certain number of animals, tagging them, and then releasing them back into their habitat. By tracking their movements and behavior, the researcher can observe the interaction among various individuals and groups within the population. This way, the researcher can collect DNA samples from various members of the population without significantly disturbing their natural behavior or environment.
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The best method for estimating the genetic diversity of a population of endangered Bavarian pine voles is tagging and wildlife tracking. This method allows individual identification, collection of DNA samples, and further insight into the voles' habitat and lifestyle.
Explanation:The researcher seeking to estimate the genetic diversity of a population of endangered Bavarian pine voles would best be advised to use the tagging and wildlife tracking method (option C). This method involves marking individual animals and monitoring their behavior and movement. This strategy would not only allow the researcher to identify individual voles and collect DNA samples, but also give them further insight into the voles' habitat and lifestyle. Other methods could be used, but not all would be as suitable for this particular study. The Netting and point counts methods are typically used for birds and aerial insects. As for quadrat sampling, while it's effective for stationary organisms or very slow-moving ones, it may not be optimal for small, mobile mammals like the Bavarian pine voles.
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in an ecosystem, organisms are dependent on each other for survival. Small fish eat plankton. In the fish, chemical from plankton is converted in to A.) oxygenated energy B.) radiant energy C.) mechanical energy
Bacteria break down the dead bodies of fish to release energy, which is then absorbed by other organisms in the ecosystem. This flow of energy is an example of the A.) loss of energy B.) creation of energy C.) conservation of energy
First is mechanical energy
Passed test
Dan has a pet hamster. What scientific question could Dan investigate by watching his pet hamster?
what type of food will make the hamster grow faster?
The process of translation is responsible for producing which type of molecule?
he entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.
Proteins
Explanation:The process of translation is responsible for protein formation. The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.
Our bodies need _____ in order for the cells to use the blood glucose
Im pretty sure our body needs beta cells.
Which statement is true about folding in sedimentary rock layers?
A. Overturned folds have no trough.
B. Downfolds are called synclines.
C. Upfolds are called synclines.
D.Symmetrical folds are called monoclines.
The correct option is (B) Downfolds are called synclines.
Explanation:There are three basic types of folds (1) anticlines, (2) sync-lines and (3) monocline. Among these folds Sync-lines are formed when rocks are compressed by plate-tectonic forces. They can be as small as the side of a cliff or as large as an entire valley. Sync-lines are the folds of rock layers that slope downward on both sides of a common crest. So option B is the correct option.
The correct option is B. The statement true about folding in sedimentary rock layers is Downfolds are called synclines.
To understand why option B is the correct answer, let's review the definitions of the terms used:
- Folds in geology refer to bends or wrinkles in rock layers. These can form due to compressional forces that shorten and thicken the Earth's crust.
- Anticlines are upfolds in which the rock strata bend upward into an arch. The oldest rock layers are found at the core of an anticline.
- Synclines are downfolds in which the rock strata bend downward into a trough. The youngest rock layers are found at the core of a syncline.
- Monoclines are a type of step-like fold in which one side of the fold remains nearly horizontal, while the other side dips steeply. They are not symmetrical.
- Overturned folds are folds that have been tilted beyond vertical, so that the original upside-down sequence of strata is visible. Even in overturned folds, the terms anticline and syncline are still used based on the original orientation of the strata before tilting.
Given these definitions:
A. Overturned folds do have a trough, but it may not be as easily identifiable due to the extreme tilt of the rock layers. However, the concept of a trough still applies.
B. Downfolds are indeed called synclines, which is consistent with the definition provided above.
C. Upfolds are called anticlines, not synclines.
D. Symmetrical folds are not called monoclines; rather, monoclines are characterized by an asymmetrical, step-like structure.
Therefore, the statement that Downfolds are called synclines (option B) is the true statement about folding in sedimentary rock layers.
the number of individuals of a species per unit area is known as?
population or population density
Please help me with 9 and 10 please
9) Sometimes people r persuaded
10) Keep doing test
Which best explains how the body maintains homeostasis?
McBossatronio,
The answer is the first option "all systems work together to stabilize the body." Homeostasis is the internal conditions that all living things have basically meaning how the body keeps cool during hot weather, or warm during cold weather. You ever wonder why you sweat when it's hot, or shiver when it's cold that's your body keeping warm and cool which helps all your systems work together.
Hope this helps!
The statement that best explains how the body of an organism maintains the process of homeostasis is as follows:
All systems work together in order to stabilize the body.Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
What is Homeostasis?Homeostasis may be defined as a process through which biological systems be inclined in order to maintain overall stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for their survival.
It includes examples such as the maintenance of body temperature among organisms, the regulation of blood glucose levels, calcium homeostasis, osmoregulation, etc.
The process of homeostasis involves the contribution of all majorly working systems to work cooperatively in order to stabilize all the mechanisms in the body of an organism.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is A.
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______________ fats, such as olive oil and sesame oil, are produced in plants and are liquid at room temperature.
A) Hydrogenated
B) Oxidized
C) Polysaturated
D) Polyunsaturated
__________________________/
The Correct answer is- /
D) Polyunsaturated. /
__________________________/
Which of these factors would most likely strengthen the effectiveness of CITES?
Electricity would strengthen anything
Funding for on-the-ground enforcement
Which characteristic allows you to recognize a cell in interphase
The answer is the nucleus intact.
An intact nucleus in an intact cell. The nucleus is where DNA is kept in cells. In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others including osteoclasts have many.
Intact nuclear membrane and diffused chromatin inside the nucleus marks the interphase.
What is an interphase?Interphase is a classic event in the cell cycle which supports many biochemical activities of a cell.
The cell spends most of its time in interphase and prepares itself for cell division.
There are three distinct phases in interphase.
G1 phase - It is the metabolic phase as it enables the cell to grow through the uptake of nutrients and prepare the machinery (proteins, ribosomes) for the next phase. S phase - It is an important phase where the DNA content of the cell duplicates. G2 phase - This phase primes the cell for cell division through synthesis of proteins, microtubules etc required for mitosis.Interphase is important as it only allows the healthy and normal cell to undergo cell division.
Any cell which is metabolically or genetically unfit will be restricted for proceeding to cell division. Such cells will lie is G0 phase.
Interphase also ensures timely division of cells. Thus, many cells can remain dormant and become active when their is correct time for their cell division.
Therefore, interphase is important for cell growth and its commitment towards cell division.
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list the 2 subgroups and 3 examples of food from esch group
Vegetables and legumes/beans.
Fruit.
Grain (cereal) foods, mostly wholegrain and/or high cereal fibre varieties.
Lean meats and poultry, fish, eggs, tofu, nuts and seeds and legumes/beans.
Milk, yoghurt cheese and/or alternatives, mostly reduced fat.
What is the term for the religious movement that asked Americans to emotionally and personally connect to their faith?
The term for the religious movement that asked Americans to emotionally and personally connect to their faith was called The Great Awakening.
Hope this help!! :)
I believe that the answer you are looking for is the Great Awakening. It was the most important event in American religion during the eighteenth century and was a series of emotional religious revivals that spread across the American colonies in the late 1730s and 1740s. I hope this helps!
List and explain nonspecific immune defenses in plants found in a chaparral
environment
DEFENSE AGAINST HERBIVORS
DEFENSE AGAINST PATHOGENS
what am I suppose to do exactly help please
Plants’ nonspecific immune responses includes cell-surface receptors (pattern recognition proteins) which allow them to identify certain patterns characteristic for pathogens. Activated receptors trigger the production of chemical signals that may initiate both local and systemic defense responses. Sometimes when a plant is affected by infection, it triggers rapid localized programmed cell death to stop the infection further. When it comes to defense form the herbivores, plants have physical barriers (plant cell walls and their extensions), some antibiotic compounds (phytoalexins), and even enzymes that can defend them.
Which of the following was a major source of atmospheric oxygen?
Answer: It is photosynthesis!
The major source of atmospheric oxygen is photosynthesis carried out by plants, algae, and some bacteria where they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. This oxygen is released into the atmosphere, enriching it with this vital gas. The oxygen-rich atmosphere we have now is largely the result of billions of years of photosynthetic activity, particularly by ancient cyanobacteria.
Explanation:The major source of atmospheric oxygen is photosynthesis carried out by plants, algae, and some bacteria. During photosynthesis, these organisms convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells where chlorophyll captures sunlight and converts it into energy. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is then released into the atmosphere, contributing to the oxygen content of our planet's atmosphere.
Therefore, photosynthesis is the main process responsible for the presence of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere.
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Explain how mitosis differs from binary fission
HELP PLEASE What conditions would be worse if the greenhouse gases would permanently decrease?(Examples please)
A permanent decrease in greenhouse gases could trigger global cooling, potentially leading to severe winters, disrupted agriculture, and ecosystem changes akin to an ice age, underscoring the importance of maintaining a balanced level of these gases in the atmosphere.
Explanation:If greenhouse gases were to permanently decrease, the Earth would experience conditions opposite to global warming, which could lead to a new set of environmental challenges. For example, a decrease in greenhouse gases could potentially initiate a global cooling effect. Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, play a crucial role in maintaining the Earth's temperature by trapping heat in the atmosphere. Without adequate greenhouse gas levels, the planet could cool significantly, potentially leading to longer and more severe winters, disrupted agriculture due to shorter growing seasons, and a decline in global food production capacity.
In essence, greenhouse gases function like the glass of a greenhouse, which allows sunlight in and keeps the heat from escaping too rapidly. In their absence, Earth could face conditions akin to an ice age, where many species may struggle to survive, and ecosystems could be drastically altered. Thus, while the current concern is largely focused on the negative impacts of excess greenhouse gases due to human activities such as deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels, it's clear that a balance of these gases is essential for a stable climate conducive to life as we know it.
Kaylee wants to test her hypothesis that she performs better on tests after getting more sleep.In which way will she best be able to do this? by analyzing her test scores when she gets the same amount of sleep by asking her friends if sleep affects their test scores by analyzing her average test scores after nights with different amounts of sleep by reading online about the relationship between sleep and test scores
The correct answer is: by analyzing her average test scores after nights with different amounts of sleep.
This is the best way to approve her hypothesis, because she can compare the results of the tests influenced by different amounts of sleep.
The independent variable (the one that is changed by the scientist) in this hypothesis would be hours of sleep. The dependent variable (the one that is observed and that responds to the change made by the independent variable) would be result of test.
Answer:
it is c
Explanation:
i just know
What are two characteristics of Technetium and two characteristics of Tungsten?
Two characteristics of Technetium:
1) Technetium is a rare, silver-gray metal that tarnishes slowly in moist air.
2)In powder form, it burns in oxygen to form the heptoxide (Tc2O7)
Two characteristics of Tungsten:
1)Tungsten is a very hard, dense, silvery-white.
2) Tungsten is lustrous metal that tarnishes in air, forming a protective oxide coating.
5. RNA...
a. is double-stranded like DNA
b. has the same four nitrogen bases as DNA
c. contains ribose
d. contains thymine
6. The pattern of base pairing in DNA can be summarized by the rule that...
a. purines always pair with purines
b. any purine can pair with pyrimidine
c. pyrimidines only pair with pyrimidines
d. adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine
7. DNA replication...
a. involves RNA polymerase
b. occurs at one site
c. requires a DNA molecule to start the process
d. needs several days' time to occur
8. Transporting amino acids to ribosomes for assembly into needed proteins is the function of...
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. rRna
d. tRNA
9. Transcription occurs...
a. at ribosomes
b. in the cytoplasm of the cell
c. in the nucleus of the cell
d. as the last step in protein synthesis
Option C is correct.
c. contains ribose.
Explanation:RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. It is an important molecule with long chains of nucleotides. A nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate. It is single stranded and it contains uracil base that is not present in DNA.
ANSWER 6:option D is correct.
d. adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine
Explanation:In DNA purines always make bond with pyrimidine and pyrimidine make bond with purines, so there are double bond between adenine and thymine and triple bond between cytosine and guanine.
Answer 7:Option A is correct.
a. involves RNA polymerase
Explanation:DNA polymerase is a vital enzyme in DNA replication. DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.
Answer 8:Option D is correct.
d. tRNA
Explanation:The job of tRNA is to read the message of nucleic acids, or nucleotides, and translate it into proteins, or amino acids. tRNA transport amino acids to ribosomes for the assembly of protein.
Answer 9:Option C is correct.
c. in the nucleus of the cell
Explanation:Transcription is the process of making mRNA from the strand of DNA. In this way the message of DNA is encoded into RNA. Transcription always occurs in nucleus of the cell.
what gel like substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus
What is one way that calcitonin and parathyroid hormone maintain homeostasis?
Calcitonin is ahormone that is poduced in humans by the parafollicular cells (other wise known as c-cells) of the thyroid gland. Therefore, inhibition of the osteoclasts directly reuces the amount the amount of calcium released into the human blood. This is just a simple explanation so now all you have to do is understand what will happen when you combine calcitonin and parathyroid.
Parathyroid hormone is secreted from parathyroid glands. Parathyroid hormone increases calcium levels in the blood when they are too low. Whereas as calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. It works antagonistically to the parathyroid hormone. This means that calcitonin reduces calcium levels in the blood when it is high. It is, therefore, the secretion of both calcitonin and parathyroid hormone is determined by the level of calcium in the blood.
how are enzymes and substrates related?
A. the enzyme and substrate are identical.
B. each enzyme binds to one specific substrate
C. the enzyme and substrate are mirror images of each other
D. the enzyme produces the substrate.
Answer:
The correct answer is option B.
Explanation:
Enzymes bind with specific chemical reactants called substrates in specific reactions. Enzymes are very specific to substrates or reactants as they have a unique active site that only permits particular substrates to bind to the active site.
Each enzyme has a unique region on the enzyme surface known as the active site. This is a cleft or groove in the protein surface where the specific substrate binds. It has a unique shape that fits the reactant or substrate like a lock and key fits with each other and their specificity also similar to lock and key.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Each enzyme binds to one specific substrate. Enzymes are proteins that assist with accelerating digestion or the substance responses in our bodies. Some substances are created and others are broken down. The substrate that is bound to the enzyme undergoes a conformational change allowing it to easily form the product or products.
The enzyme reduces the activation energy required to catalyze the reaction. The inclination of a catalyst for one unambiguous substrate is characterized as the particularity, and the inclination for one substrate over another is its selectivity.
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