Summarize the structure of DNA. Include information about the nitrogenous bases, sugars, and composition of the backbone. Which nitrogenous bases pair up together in DNA? RNA? Explain where covalent and hydrogen bonds are located. Also, fully explain the process of the central dogma (DNA, RNA, Proteins) in correlation of protein synthesis (DNA transcription and translation).
DNA backbone is made up of deoxyribose monomer sugars as the basic unit that are covalently connected in chains. Each deoxyribose sugar is a five (5)-carbon ring. The 5’ carbon covalently bonds with a phosphate while the 3’ carbon bonds to the next deoxyribose carbon ring. The 1’ carbon is covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base (either Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, or Guanine ).
In DNA, Cytosine pairs with Guanine, and Adenine pairs with Thymine. In RNA, the same principle applies only that RNA has no Adenine base but Uracil. Therefore, Thymine pairs with Uracil while, similar to in DNA, Cytosine pairs with Guanine.
Covalent bonds occur in virtually all the bonds except between nitrogenous base pairs of opposite strands of DNA.
The central Dogma stipulates that DNA --à RNA--àProtein. During transcription, information on DNA is copied to messenger- RNA. In eukaryotes messenger- RNA moves to the cytoplasm where it is then translated to protein by ribosomes. In prokaryotes, since there is no nucleus, the mRNA is translated even as transcription continues.
How did the discovery of ribozymes assist in creating a plausible model for the prebiotic origin of life?
Jerry tries to manage his stress by tuning in to every sensation in his body, from the itch in his lower back to the flutter of an eyelid. which stress management technique is he using
Jerry is using a stress management technique known as body scan mindfulness.
Explanation:Jerry is using a stress management technique known as body scan mindfulness. This technique involves tuning in to every sensation in the body and being fully present in the moment. By focusing on the physical sensations, Jerry is able to bring his attention away from his stressors and promote relaxation. For example, he may notice the sensation of an itch in his lower back or the flutter of an eyelid and observe them without judgment.
Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. a company that wants to develop antiviral drugs would ask a research immunologist to study —
Answer:
the answer is A
Explanation:
Which is not a paranasal sinus? frontal. ethmoid. mandibular. maxillary?
In which atmospheric layer does most of the greenhouse effect occur answer?
Answer:
Troposphere
Explanation:
The troposphere is the layer of atmosphere that contain four major greenhouse gases and therefore, is the site for the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse gases present in the lower troposphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
These greenhouse gases trap the radiations reflected back by earth's surface during the night. These trapped radiations serve to increase the earth's atmosphere.
Are there differences in the DNA in different types of human body cells
Women who take folic acid pills during pregnancy have about ____ the probability of having a child with autism as compared to other women.
Treatment aims to _____ a disease or reduce the severity of its signs and symptoms.
Answer:
The correct answer is - cure.
Explanation:
Treatment is medical care or practice to provide relief to the person that is ill or sick. It includes the administration of medicinal doses.
The aim of medical or clinical treatment is to cure the disease, illness or injury of the patient by medicine or medical care. Treatment for a concerned illness is to reduce the severity of it's a sign and symptoms.
Thus, the correct answer is - cure.
A patient with muscular dystrophy starts to receive stem cells that generate muscle tissue. Which is the best prediction of what will happen to the patient's muscle function?
This answer to this question is... im almost 100 percent sure ;) .... B , Muscle function should increase because the cells would produce muscle tissue!!!!
In ________ a single sperm cell from the man is injected using a microscopic needle, directly into each harvested egg from the woman. the resulting zygote is then transferred after a few days into the woman's uterus
In a hydra, digestion is completed ________. in a hydra, digestion is completed ________. in the alimentary canal in the gastrovascular cavity intracellularly extracellularly
Answer:
intracellularly
Explanation:
Green Hydra Scientific name hydra viridissima, is one of the simplest animals among multicellular Celentéreos animals. It belongs to the Hydrozoans.
The green hydra has a simple cavity that communicates to the outside through the mouth, which is surrounded by tentacles. Nutrition is effected by the pressure of small animals such as tiny Crustaceans, larvae of Insects, among others, sometimes swallowing prey larger than itself. By touching the animal with its tentacles to an animal all the nematocysts are discharged at the same time, some inoculate the paralyzing substance they possess; while others are rolled over the victim's body. Once this happens the tentacles are responsible for driving the food into the mouth, where it enters the gastrovascular cavity. The food undergoes in that cavity an extracellular digestion motivated by the gastric juices segregated by the glandular cells that cover this cavity, in something similar to the digestion that takes place in the superior animals. Flagellated cells move nutrient fluid that is in the gastric cavity and seize the undissolved particles, which are encompassed by those cells and directed inside. This intracellular digestion is analogous to that performed by the Protozoa. Insoluble particles are expelled through the mouth's own opening.
Which feature is characteristic of estuaries
Estuaries are unique environments where fresh and salt water meet, creating a diluted saltwater habitat. They provide protected areas for the breeding and development of various marine species. The organisms found in estuaries have developed adaptations to cope with the varying salinity conditions.
Explanation:The main characteristic of estuaries is that they are biomes where a source of fresh water, such as a river, meets the ocean. As a result, both fresh water and salt water are found in the same vicinity, and their mixing creates a diluted (brackish) saltwater. This makes estuaries unique and complex environments that host a variety of marine and terrestrial organisms.
Another specific feature of estuaries is that they act as breeding grounds and nurseries for various marine species such as crustaceans, mollusks, and fishes. These species have developed behavioral and physiological adaptations to cope with the rapidly changing salinity conditions that occur in estuaries. For example, many estuarine plant species are halophytes, meaning they can tolerate salty conditions. Furthermore, some mollusks and clams in this biome have adaptations that allow them to switch between aerobic and anaerobic respiration depending on the salinity and oxygen content of the water.
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Estuaries are unique brackish biomes where freshwater and saltwater interact. They house and support various species, which have evolved specific adaptations to handle changing salinity levels. Key factors affecting estuaries' ecological dynamics include tidal shifts and flow rate of freshwater sources.
Explanation:Estuaries are characterized by the unique intermingling of freshwater and saltwater, creating a brackish water biome where rivers meet the ocean. This environment serves as a protected area and breeding ground for various organisms, including the young offsprings of crustaceans, mollusks, and fish. The salinity in estuaries, which is influenced by the flow rate of freshwater sources and the daily tidal shifts, is a major factor affecting the types of organisms found here and their adaptations to survive.
Both plant and animal species in estuaries have developed various adaptations to deal with the changing salinity. Many estuarine plants are halophytes, which can tolerate salty conditions by filtering out salt from the water they absorb. Mussels and clams, for example, switch from aerobic to anaerobic respiration when exposed to low salinity and revert when high tide returns, increasing the salinity and oxygen content of the water.
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Select the answer that has the correct order of the steps of the scientific method.
A scientist finds the bones of a dinosaur. what could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the dinosaur bones
Answer:
Explanation:
the kinds of trees living in the area of the bones
The fluid in glomerular capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.the glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it ________. the glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it ________. is drained by an efferent arteriole is impermeable to most substances has a basement membrane has a blood pressure much lower than other organ systems
The fluid in the glomerular capsule is like plasma but lacks significant protein. The glomerulus distinguishes itself from other body capillaries in that an efferent arteriole drains it and maintains a higher blood pressure, facilitating efficient blood filtration.
Explanation:The fluid in the glomerular capsule (also known as Bowman's capsule) is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of proteins. This is because the filtration membrane separates the blood in the glomerular capillaries, and the capsular space allows small substances such as water, ions, and glucose to pass through but blocks larger ones like proteins and blood cells.
The glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in two main respects. Firstly, it is drained by an efferent arteriole, which is unique because, in general, capillaries merge into venules, not arterioles. Secondly, the glomerulus has a significantly higher blood pressure than other capillaries due to its position between two arterioles (afferent and efferent arterioles). This high pressure allows for the rapid and efficient filtration of blood.
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A particular cell has half as much dna as some of the other cells in a mitotically active tissue. the cell in question is most likely in?
Factors which limit the size of a population no matter how dense the population is are called limiting factors. an example would be .
Which word pair makes the following statement true? The process of _____ leads to the formation of new species by _____. A) extinction, speciation B) speciation, use and disuse C) natural selection, evolution D) divergent evolution,natural selection
Which of the following personal health practices should a person follow to prevent obesity? A) Limit spending time outdoors in summers. B) Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly. C) Wash hands frequently to maintain proper hygiene. D) Get the DNA modified to replace the faulty gene.
Answer:
def B
Explanation:
The personal health practices that should a person follow to prevent obesity are having a balanced diet and exercising regularly. The correct option is B.
What is obesity?Obesity is a body condition in which the body becomes overweight because you eat more than your body's requirements. It is harmful to the health of the person because it generates many diseases.
Personal health practices are the practices that a person does for their good health of them. These practices include eating nutritious food and exercise which keep the body fit.
Eating a balanced diet means including all nutrients in it and doing regular exercise to maintain health and keep the body out of obesity.
Thus, the option is B. Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly.
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What is sexual reproduction? (Between Mitosis and Meiosis)
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A pregnant woman who is a vegan needs to take ______ nutrient supplements.
What is the name of the organ that lines part of the wall of the uterus and nourishes the embryo with substances from the mothers blood?
The pancreas belongs to what part of the digestive system (alimentary canal/accessory organ)
The pancreas belongs to the accessory organ part of the digestive system.
The digestive system is made up of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs of digestion which include the pancreas, gallbladder, liver, salivary glands and tongue. The pancreas is an endocrine organ that is located in the left upper region of the abdomen.
Which process separates DNA fragments according to size, and is an important part of DNA fingerprinting?
a single population is made of
Answer:
multiple organisms of the same species.
Heartburn results when the acidic contents of the stomach regurtitate into the esophagus
Which is associated with an increase of chlorofluorocarbons in the environment?
In leghorn chickens colored feathers are produced by a dominant allele,
c. white feathers are produced by the recessive allele,
c. the dominant allele, i, of another independent gene inhibits expression of color in birds with genotypes cc or cc, giving them a white phenotype as well. a colored rooster is mated with a white hen and produces many offspring, all colored. give the genotypes of both parents and the offspring.
The rooster's genotype is Ccii, carrying the colored allele without an inhibitor gene. The hen's genotype is ccII, carrying the white phenotype and the inhibitor gene causing her to appear white. All the offspring have the colored phenotype as they will get the colored allele from the rooster and a non-inhibiting allele from the hen.
Explanation:In this scenario, the colored feathers in Leghorn chickens are dominant and represented by 'C'. The white feathers are recessive and are represented by 'c'. There is also a second gene, 'I', that inhibits the expression of color when its genotype is either 'II' or 'Ii' and gives these chickens a white phenotype. If a colored rooster was mated with a white hen and all the offspring were colored, the following genotypes of the parents and offspring can be inferred:
Rooster (Male parent): genotype 'Ccii', meaning he carries the colored allele (being dominant over white), but with not inhibitor gene.
Hen (Female parent): genotype 'cCII', meaning she carries the white phenotype but also has the inhibitor gene, causing her to appear white.
Offspring: All will have the phenotype of colored feathers (since the cross between Ccii and ccII will give colored offspring genotype of CcIi in all cases).
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Meningo- and meningio- mean membrane. (mening/itis; mening/ioma)
a. True
b. False